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[Translated] 20180611 3 open source alternatives to Adobe Lightroom.md
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3 open source alternatives to Adobe Lightroom
======
![](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/camera-photography-film.jpg?itok=oe2ixyu6)
You wouldn't be wrong to wonder whether the smartphone, that modern jack-of-all-trades, is taking over photography. While that might be valid in the point-and-shoot camera market, there are a sizeable number of photography professionals and hobbyists who recognize that a camera that fits in your pocket can never replace a high-end DSLR camera and the depth, clarity, and realism of its photos.
All of that power comes with a small price in terms of convenience; like negatives from traditional film cameras, the [raw image][1] files produced by DSLRs must be processed before they can be edited or printed. For this, a digital image processing application is indispensable, and the go-to application has been Adobe Lightroom. But for many reasons—including its expensive, subscription-based pricing model and its proprietary license—there's a lot of interest in open source and other alternatives.
Lightroom has two main functions: processing raw image files and digital asset management (DAM)—organizing images with tags, ratings, and other metadata to make it easier to keep track of them.
In this article, we'll look at three open source image processing applications: Darktable, LightZone, and RawTherapee. All of them have DAM capabilities, but none has Lightroom's machine learning-based image categorization and tagging features. If you're looking for more information about open source DAM software, check out Terry Hancock's article "[Digital asset management for an open movie project][2]," where he shares his research on software to organize multimedia files for his [_Lunatics!_][3] open movie project.
### Darktable
![Darktable][4]
Like the other applications on our list, [darktable][5] processes raw images into usable file formats—it exports into JPEG, PNG, TIFF, PPM, PFM, and EXR, and it also supports Google and Facebook web albums, Flickr uploads, email attachments, and web gallery creation.
Its 61 image operation modules allow you to adjust contrast, tone, exposure, color, noise, etc.; add watermarks; crop and rotate; and much more. As with the other applications described in this article, those edits are "non-destructive"—that is, your original raw image is preserved no matter how many tweaks and modifications you make.
Darktable imports raw images from more than 400 cameras plus JPEG, CR2, DNG, OpenEXR, and PFM; images are managed in a database so you can filter and search using metadata including tags, ratings, and color. It's also available in 21 languages and is supported on Linux, MacOS, BSD, Solaris 11/GNOME, and Windows. (The [Windows port][6] is new, and darktable warns it may have "rough edges or missing functionality" compared to other versions.)
Darktable is licensed under [GPLv3][7]; you can learn more by perusing its [features][8], viewing the [user manual][9], or accessing its [source code][10] on GitHub.
### LightZone
![LightZone's tool stack][11]
As a non-destructive raw image processing tool, [LightZone][12] is similar to the other two applications on this list: it's cross-platform, operating on Windows, MacOS, and Linux, and it supports JPG and TIFF images in addition to raw. But it's also unique in several ways.
For one thing, it started out in 2005 as a proprietary image processing tool and later became an open source project under a BSD license. Also, before you can download the application, you must register for a free account; this is so the LightZone development community can track downloads and build the community. (Approval is quick and automated, so it's not a large barrier.)
Another difference is that image modifications are done using stackable tools, rather than filters (like most image-editing applications); tool stacks can be rearranged or removed, as well as saved and copied to a batch of images. You can also edit certain parts of an image using a vector-based tool or by selecting pixels based on color or brightness.
You can get more information on LightZone by searching its [forums][13] or accessing its [source code][14] on GitHub.
### RawTherapee
![RawTherapee][15]
[RawTherapee][16] is another popular open source ([GPL][17]) raw image processor worth your attention. Like darktable and LightZone, it is cross-platform (Windows, MacOS, and Linux) and implements edits in a non-destructive fashion, so you maintain access to your original raw image file no matter what filters or changes you make.
RawTherapee uses a panel-based interface, including a history panel to keep track of your changes and revert to a previous point; a snapshot panel that allows you to work with multiple versions of a photo; and scrollable tool panels to easily select a tool without worrying about accidentally using the wrong one. Its tools offer a wide variety of exposure, color, detail, transformation, and demosaicing features.
The application imports raw files from most cameras and is localized to more than 25 languages, making it widely usable. Features like batch processing and [SSE][18] optimizations improve speed and CPU performance.
RawTherapee offers many other [features][19]; check out its [documentation][20] and [source code][21] for details.
Do you use another open source raw image processing tool in your photography? Do you have any related tips or suggestions for other photographers? If so, please share your recommendations in the comments.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/alternatives/adobe-lightroom
作者：[Opensource.com][a]
选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://opensource.com
[1]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format
[2]:https://opensource.com/article/18/3/movie-open-source-software
[3]:http://lunatics.tv/
[4]:https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/panopoly_image_original/public/uploads/raw-image-processors_darkroom1.jpg?itok=0fjk37tC (Darktable)
[5]:http://www.darktable.org/
[6]:https://www.darktable.org/about/faq/#faq-windows
[7]:https://github.com/darktable-org/darktable/blob/master/LICENSE
[8]:https://www.darktable.org/about/features/
[9]:https://www.darktable.org/resources/
[10]:https://github.com/darktable-org/darktable
[11]:https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/panopoly_image_original/public/uploads/raw-image-processors_lightzone1tookstack.jpg?itok=1e3s85CZ (LightZone's tool stack)
[12]:http://www.lightzoneproject.org/
[13]:http://www.lightzoneproject.org/Forum
[14]:https://github.com/ktgw0316/LightZone
[15]:https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/panopoly_image_original/public/uploads/raw-image-processors_rawtherapee.jpg?itok=meiuLxPw (RawTherapee)
[16]:http://rawtherapee.com/
[17]:https://github.com/Beep6581/RawTherapee/blob/dev/LICENSE.txt
[18]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streaming_SIMD_Extensions
[19]:http://rawpedia.rawtherapee.com/Features
[20]:http://rawpedia.rawtherapee.com/Main_Page
[21]:https://github.com/Beep6581/RawTherapee

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# Adobe Lightroom 的三个开源替代
![](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/camera-photography-film.jpg?itok=oe2ixyu6)
如今智能手机的摄像功能已经完备到多数人认为可以代替传统摄影了。虽然这在傻瓜相机的市场中是个事实，但是对于许多摄影爱好者和专业摄影师看来，一个高端单反相机所能带来的照片景深，清晰度以及真实质感是无法和口袋中的智能手机相比的。
所有的这些功能在便利性上仅有很小的代价；就像传统的胶片相机中的反色负片，单反照相得到的RAW格式文件必须预先处理才能印刷或编辑；因此对于单反相机，照片的后期处理是无可替代的，因此Adobe Lightroom便无可替代。但是Adobe Lightroom的昂贵价格，月付的订阅费用以及专有许可证都使更多人开始关注其开源替代的软件。
Lightroom 有两大主要功能：处理 RAW 格式的图片文件，以及数字资产管理系统（DAM：Digital Asset Management） —— 通过标签，评星以及其他的元数据信息来简单清晰地整理照片。
在这篇文章中，我们将介绍三个开源的图片处理软件：Darktable，LightZone 以及 RawTherapee。所有的软件都有 DAM 系统，但没有任何一个有 Lightroom 基于机器学习的图像分类和标签功能。如果你想要知道更多关于 开源的 DAM 系统的软件，可以看 Terry Hacock 的文章："[开源项目的 DAM 管理][2]“，他分享了他在自己的 [_Lunatics!_][3] 电影项目研究过的开源多媒体软件。
### Darktable
![Darktable][4]
类似其他两个软件，darktable 可以处理RAW 格式的图像并将他们转换成可用的文件格式—— JPEG，PNG，TIFF, PPM， PFM 和 EXR，它同时支持Google 和 Facebook 的在线相册，上传至Flikr，通过邮件附件发送以及创建在线相册。
它有 61 个图像处理模块，可以调整图像的对比度、色调、明暗、色彩、噪点；添加水印；切割以及旋转；等等。如同另外两个软件一样，不论你做出多少次修改，这些修改都是”无损的“ —— 你的初始 RAW 图像文件始终会被保存。
Darktable 可以从 400 多种相机型号中直接导入照片，以及有 JPEG，CR2，DNG ，OpenEXR和PFM等格式的支持。图像在一个数据库中显示，因此你可以轻易地filter并查询这些元数据，包括了文字标签，评星以及颜色标签。软件同时支持21种语言，支持 Linux，MacOS，BSD，Solaris 11/GNOME 以及 Windows （Windows 版本是最新发布的，Darktable 声明它比起其他版本可能还有一些不完备之处，有一些未实现的功能）
Darktable 在开源证书 [GPLv3][7] 下被公开，你可以了解更多它的 [特性][8]，查阅它的 [用户手册][9]，或者直接去 Github 上看[源代码][10] 。
### LightZone
![LightZone's tool stack][11]
[LightZone][12] 和其他两个软件类似同样是无损的 RAW 格式图像处理工具：它跨平台，有 Windows，MacOS 和 Linux 版本，除 RAW 格式之外，它还支持 JPG 和 TIFF 格式的图像处理。接下来说LightZone 其他的特性。
这个软件最初是一个在专有许可证下的图像处理软件，后来在 BSD 证书下开源。以及，在你下载这个软件之前，你必须注册一个免费账号。因此 LightZone的 开发团队可以跟踪软件的下载数量以及建立相关社区。（许可很快，而且是自动的，因此这不是一个很大的使用障碍。）
除此之外的一个特性是这个软件的图像处理通常是通过很多可组合的工具实现的，而不是叠加滤镜（就像大多数图像处理软件），这些工具组可以被重新编排以及移除，以及被保存并且复制到另一些图像。如果想要编辑图片的一部分，你还可以通过矢量工具或者根据色彩和亮度来选择像素。
想要了解更多，见 LightZone 的[论坛][13] 或者查看Github上的 [源代码][14]。
### RawTherapee
![RawTherapee][15]
[RawTherapee][16] 是另一个开源（[GPL][17]）的RAW图像处理器。就像 Darktable 和 LightZone，它是跨平台的（支持 Windows，MacOS 和 Linux），一切修改都在无损条件下进行，因此不论你叠加多少滤镜做出多少改变，你都可以回到你最初的 RAW 文件。
RawTherapee 采用的是一个面板式的界面，包括一个历史记录面板来跟踪你做出的修改方便随时回到先前的图像；一个快照面板可以让你同时处理一张照片的不同版本；一个可滚动的工具面板方便准确选择工具。这些工具包括了一系列的调整曝光、色彩、细节、图像变换以及去马赛克功能。
这个软件可以从多数相机直接导入 RAW 文件，并且支持超过25种语言得以广泛使用。批量处理以及 [SSE][18] 优化这类功能也进一步提高了图像处理的速度以及 CPU 性能。
RawTherapee 还提供了很多其他 [功能][19]；可以查看它的 [官方文档][20] 以及 [源代码][21] 了解更多细节。
你是否在摄影中使用另一个开源的 RAW图像处理工具？有任何建议和推荐都可以在评论中分享。
------
via: https://opensource.com/alternatives/adobe-lightroom
作者：[Opensource.com][a]
选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
译者：[scoutydren](https://github.com/scoutydren)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format
[2]: https://opensource.com/article/18/3/movie-open-source-software
[3]: http://lunatics.tv/
[4]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/panopoly_image_original/public/uploads/raw-image-processors_darkroom1.jpg?itok=0fjk37tC "Darktable"
[5]: http://www.darktable.org/
[6]: https://www.darktable.org/about/faq/#faq-windows
[7]: https://github.com/darktable-org/darktable/blob/master/LICENSE
[8]: https://www.darktable.org/about/features/
[9]: https://www.darktable.org/resources/
[10]: https://github.com/darktable-org/darktable
[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/panopoly_image_original/public/uploads/raw-image-processors_lightzone1tookstack.jpg?itok=1e3s85CZ "LightZone's tool stack"
[12]: http://www.lightzoneproject.org/
[13]: http://www.lightzoneproject.org/Forum
[14]: https://github.com/ktgw0316/LightZone
[15]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/panopoly_image_original/public/uploads/raw-image-processors_rawtherapee.jpg?itok=meiuLxPw "RawTherapee"
[16]: http://rawtherapee.com/
[17]: https://github.com/Beep6581/RawTherapee/blob/dev/LICENSE.txt
[18]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streaming_SIMD_Extensions
[19]: http://rawpedia.rawtherapee.com/Features
[20]: http://rawpedia.rawtherapee.com/Main_Page
[21]: https://github.com/Beep6581/RawTherapee