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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (install Fedora on a Raspberry Pi 3)
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[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/install-fedora-on-a-raspberry-pi/)
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[#]: author: (Nick Hardiman https://fedoramagazine.org/author/nickhardiman/)
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install Fedora on a Raspberry Pi 3
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======
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![][1]
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Fire up a Raspberry Pi with Fedora.
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The [Raspberry Pi Foundation][2] has produced quite a few models over the years. This procedure was tested on third generation Pis – a [Model B v1.2][3], and a [Model B+][4] (the older [2][5] and the new [4][6] weren’t tested). These are the credit-card size Pis that have been around a few years.
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### get hardware
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You do need a few hardware items, including the Pi. You don’t need any [HaT (Hardware Attached on Top)][7] boards or USB antennas. If you have used your Pi in the past, you probably have all these items.
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* **current network**. Perhaps this is your home lab.
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* **ethernet cable**. This connects the current network to the Raspberry Pi
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* **Raspberry Pi 3**, model B or B+.
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* **power supply**
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* **micro-SD card**, 8GB or larger.
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* **keyboard** and **video monitor**.
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The keyboard and video monitor together make up the local console. It’s possible – though complicated – to get by without a console, such as setting up an automated install then connecting over the network. A local console makes it easy to answer the configuration questions during Fedora’s first boot. Also, a mistake during AP configuration may break the network, locking out remote users.
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### download Fedora Minimal
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* Find Fedora’s [alternate architecture images][8].
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* Download the [ARM® aarch64 Architecture image][9].
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The _Fedora Minimal_ image, one of [Fedora’s alt downloads][10], has all the core packages and network packages required (well, nearly – check out _dnsmasq_ below). The image contains a ready-made file system, with over 400 packages already installed. This minimal image does not include popular packages like a development environment, Internet service or desktop. These types of software aren’t required for this work, and may well use too much memory if you install them.
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The _Fedora Minimal_ raw image fits on a small SD card and runs in less than 1 GB of memory (these old Pis have 1GB RAM).
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The name of the downloaded file is something like _Fedora-Minimal-32-1.6.aarch64.raw.xz_. The file is compressed and is about 700MB in size. When the file is uncompressed, it’s 5GB. It’s an ext4 file system that’s mostly empty – about 1GB is used and 4GB is empty. All that empty space is the reason the compressed download is so much smaller than the uncompressed raw image.
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### copy to the micro-SD card
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* Copy the image to a micro-SD card.
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This can be a more complex than it sounds, and a painful experience. Finding a [good micro-SD card][11] takes work. Then there’s the challenge of physically attaching the card to your computer.Perhaps your laptop has a full SD card slot and you need a card adapter, or perhaps you need a USB adapter. Then, when it comes to copying, the OS may either help or get in your way. You may have luck with [Fedora Media Writer][12], or with these Linux commands.
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```
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unxz ./Fedora-Minimal-32-1.6.aarch64.raw.xz
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dd if=./Fedora-Minimal-32-1.6.aarch64.raw of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=8M status=progress oflag=direct
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```
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### set up Fedora
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* Connect the Pi, power cable, network cable and micro-SD card.
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* Hit the power.
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* See the colored box as the graphics chip powers up.
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* Wait for the [anaconda installer][13] to start.
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* Answer anaconda’s setup questions.
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Initial configuration of the OS takes a few minutes – a couple minutes waiting for boot-up, and a couple to fill out the spokes of anaconda’s text-based installer. In the examples below, the user is named **nick** and is an administrator (a member of the _wheel_ group).
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Congratulations! Your Fedora Pi is up and operational.
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### update software
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* Update packages with `dnf update`.
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* Reboot the machine with `systemctl reboot`.
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Over the years, a lot of people have put a lot of work into making the Raspberry Pi devices work. Use the latest software to make sure you get the benefit of their hard work. If you skip this step, you may find some things just don’t work.
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The update downloads and installs about a hundred packages. Since the storage is a micro-SD card, writing new software is a slow process. This is what using computing storage felt like in the 1990s.
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### things to play with
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There are a few other things that can be set up at this point, if you want to play around. It’s all optional. Try things like this.
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* Replace the _localhost_ hostname with the command `sudo hostnamectl set-hostname raspi`.
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* Find the IP address with `ip addr`.
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* Try an SSH login, or even set up key-based login with `ssh-copy-id`.
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* Power down with `systemctl poweroff`.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/install-fedora-on-a-raspberry-pi/
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作者：[Nick Hardiman][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/nickhardiman/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/fedora-on-rpi-816x346.png
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[2]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/about/
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[3]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-b/
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[4]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-b-plus/
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[5]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-2-model-b/
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[6]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/
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[7]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/introducing-raspberry-pi-hats/
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[8]: https://alt.fedoraproject.org/alt/
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[9]: https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora-secondary/releases/32/Spins/aarch64/images/Fedora-Minimal-32-1.6.aarch64.raw.xz
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[10]: https://alt.fedoraproject.org/
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[11]: https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2019/raspberry-pi-microsd-card-performance-comparison-2019
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[12]: https://fedoramagazine.org/make-fedora-usb-stick/
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[13]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Anaconda
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121
translated/tech/20200807 install Fedora on a Raspberry Pi 3.md
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121
translated/tech/20200807 install Fedora on a Raspberry Pi 3.md
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@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (install Fedora on a Raspberry Pi 3)
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[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/install-fedora-on-a-raspberry-pi/)
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[#]: author: (Nick Hardiman https://fedoramagazine.org/author/nickhardiman/)
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在树莓派 3 上安装 Fedora
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======
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![][1]
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在树莓派上运行 Fedora。
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[树莓派基金会][2]这几年来已经生产了很多型号。过程已经在第三代树莓派上进行了测试：[Model B v1.2][3] 和 [Model B+][4]（较旧的 [2][5] 和新的 [4][6] 都还没有测试）。这些是已经发布几年的信用卡大小的树莓派。
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### 获取硬件
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你确实需要一些硬件，包括树莓派。你不需要任何 [HaT（安装在顶部的硬件）][7] 板或 USB 天线。如果你使用过树莓派，那么可能会有这些。
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* **当前网络**。也许是你的家庭实验室。
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* **网线**。连接当前网络到树莓派
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* **树莓派 3**，model B 或 B+。
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* **电源供应**。
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* **8 GB 或更大容量的 micro-SD 卡**。
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* **键盘**和**显示器**。
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键盘和显示器共同组成本地控制台。即使没有控制台，也有可能（尽管很复杂）进行操作，例如设置自动安装然后通过网络连接。在 Fedora 首次启动时，本地控制台可轻松回应配置问题。同样，在 AP 配置期间出错可能会破坏网络，从而锁定远程用户。
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### 下载 Fedora Minimal
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* 查找 Fedora 的[其他可选架构镜像][8]。
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* 下载 [ARM® aarch64 架构镜像][9]。
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_Fedora Minimal_ 镜像是 [Fedora 的其他可选下载之一][10]，它有所有必需的核心软件包和网络软件包（嗯，是几乎，请查看下面的 _dnsmasq_）。该镜像包含一个现成的文件系统，它已经安装了 400 多个软件包。此最小镜像不包括流行的软件包，像开发环境、互联网服务或桌面。这些类型的软件不是这里所必需的，如果安装它们，可能会占用过多的内存。
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_Fedora Minimal_ 原始镜像可安装在小型 SD 卡上，并在少于 1GB 的内存中运行（这些旧的树莓派有1GB 的内存）。
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下载文件的名称类似于 _Fedora-Minimal-32-1.6.aarch64.raw.xz_。该文件已压缩，大小约为 700MB。文件解压缩后为 5GB。这是一个 ext4 文件系统，它几乎是空的：已使用约1GB，4GB 是空的。这些空的空间是压缩文件比未压缩的原始文件小得多的原因。
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### 复制到 micro-SD 卡
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*将镜像复制到 micro-SD 卡。
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这可能比听起来更复杂，而且会带来痛苦的体验。找到[良好的 micro-SD 卡][11]即可。然后是将卡插到计算机的挑战。也许你的笔记本电脑有全尺寸的 SD 卡插槽，你还需要卡适配器，或者你需要一个 USB 适配器。然后，在进行复制时，操作系统可能会帮助你，也可能会妨碍你。你可能很幸运有 [Fedora Media Writer][12] 或这些 Linux 命令。
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```
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unxz ./Fedora-Minimal-32-1.6.aarch64.raw.xz
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dd if=./Fedora-Minimal-32-1.6.aarch64.raw of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=8M status=progress oflag=direct
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```
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### 安装 Fedora
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* 连接树莓派、电源线、网线和 micro-SD 卡。
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* 打开电源。
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* 当图形芯片通电时，看见彩色框。
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* 等待 [anaconda 安装程序][13]启动。
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* 回应 anaconda 的设置问题。
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操作系统的初始配置需要几分钟的时间。等待启动需要花费几分钟，还需要花费一些时间填写 anaconda 基于文本的安装程序的问题。在下面的例子中，用户名为 **nick**，并且还是管理员（_wheel_ 组的成员）。
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恭喜你！你的树莓派已启动并可运行。
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### 更新软件
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* 用 `dnf update` 更新软件包。
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* 通过 `systemctl reboot` 重启。
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多年来，很多人为使树莓派正常工作付出了很多工作。使用最新的软件，以确保你从他们的辛勤工作中受益。如果你跳过此步骤，你可能会发现有些东西无法正常工作。
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此次更新下载并安装了约一百个软件包。由于存储设备是 micro-SD 卡，因此写入新软件的过程很慢。这就是 90 年代使用存储器的感觉。
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### 可以摆弄的东西
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如果你想摆弄的话，此时可以设置其他一些内容。这都是可选的。试试这些。
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* `sudo hostnamectl set-hostname raspi` 替换 _localhost_ 主机名。
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* 用 `ip addr` 查找 IP 地址。
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* 尝试 SSH 登录，甚至使用 `ssh-copy-id` 设置基于密钥的登录。
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* 使用 `systemctl poweroff` 关机。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/install-fedora-on-a-raspberry-pi/
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作者：[Nick Hardiman][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/nickhardiman/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/fedora-on-rpi-816x346.png
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[2]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/about/
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[3]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-b/
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[4]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-b-plus/
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[5]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-2-model-b/
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[6]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/
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[7]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/introducing-raspberry-pi-hats/
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[8]: https://alt.fedoraproject.org/alt/
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[9]: https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora-secondary/releases/32/Spins/aarch64/images/Fedora-Minimal-32-1.6.aarch64.raw.xz
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[10]: https://alt.fedoraproject.org/
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[11]: https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2019/raspberry-pi-microsd-card-performance-comparison-2019
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[12]: https://fedoramagazine.org/make-fedora-usb-stick/
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[13]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Anaconda
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