From e838464c94a34e11fd0c50271d8e636427f94732 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Morisun029 <54652937+Morisun029@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 19 Sep 2019 00:16:41 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1/7] Translated --- ...ck Linux Mint Version Number - Codename.md | 145 ---------------- ...ck Linux Mint Version Number - Codename.md | 159 ++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 159 insertions(+), 145 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 sources/tech/20190917 How to Check Linux Mint Version Number - Codename.md create mode 100644 translated/tech/20190917 How to Check Linux Mint Version Number - Codename.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20190917 How to Check Linux Mint Version Number - Codename.md b/sources/tech/20190917 How to Check Linux Mint Version Number - Codename.md deleted file mode 100644 index 35856e4cc2..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20190917 How to Check Linux Mint Version Number - Codename.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,145 +0,0 @@ -[#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: (Morisun029) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) -[#]: subject: (How to Check Linux Mint Version Number & Codename) -[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/check-linux-mint-version/) -[#]: author: (Sergiu https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/) - -How to Check Linux Mint Version Number & Codename -====== - -Linux Mint has a major release (like Mint 19) every two years and minor releases (like Mint 19.1, 19.2 etc) every six months or so. You can upgrade Linux Mint version on your own or it may get automatically update for the minor releases. - -Between all these release, you may wonder which Linux Mint version you are using. Knowing the version number is also helpful in determining whether a particular software is available for your system or if your system has reached end of life. - -There could be a number of reasons why you might require the Linux Mint version number and there are various ways you can obtain this information. Let me show you both graphical and command line ways to get the Mint release information. - - * [Check Linux Mint version using command line][1] - * [Check Linux Mint version information using GUI][2] - - - -### Ways to check Linux Mint version number using terminal - -![][3] - -I’ll go over several ways you can check your Linux Mint version number and codename using very simple commands. You can open up a **terminal** from the **Menu** or by pressing **CTRL+ALT+T** (default hotkey). - -The **last two entries** in this list also output the **Ubuntu release** your current Linux Mint version is based on. - -#### 1\. /etc/issue - -Starting out with the simplest CLI method, you can print out the contents of **/etc/issue** to check your **Version Number** and **Codename**: - -``` -[email protected]:~$ cat /etc/issue -Linux Mint 19.2 Tina \n \l -``` - -#### 2\. hostnamectl - -![hostnamectl][4] - -This single command (**hostnamectl**) prints almost the same information as that found in **System Info**. You can see your **Operating System** (with **version number**), as well as your **kernel version**.3. - -#### 3\. lsb_release - -**lsb_release** is a very simple Linux utility to check basic information about your distribution: - -``` -[email protected]:~$ lsb_release -a -No LSB modules are available. -Distributor ID: LinuxMint -Description: Linux Mint 19.2 Tina -Release: 19.2 -Codename: tina -``` - -**Note:** *I used the **–***_**a**_ _tag to print all parameters, but you can also use **-s** for short form, **-d** for description etc. (check **man lsb_release** for all tags)._ - -#### 4\. /etc/linuxmint/info - -![/etc/linuxmint/info][5] - -This isn’t a command, but rather a file on any Linux Mint install. Simply use cat command to print it’s contents to your terminal and see your **Release Number** and **Codename**. - -[][6] - -Suggested read  Get Rid Of Two Google Chrome Icons From Dock In Elementary OS Freya [Quick Tip] - -#### 5\. Use /etc/os-release to get Ubuntu codename as well - -![/etc/os-release][7] - -Linux Mint is based on Ubuntu. Each Linux Mint release is based on a different Ubuntu release. Knowing which Ubuntu version your Linux Mint release is based on is helpful in cases where you’ll have to use Ubuntu codename while adding a repository like when you need to [install the latest Virtual Box in Linux Mint][8]. - -**os-release** is yet another file similar to **info**, showing you the codename for the **Ubuntu** release your Linux Mint is based on. - -#### 6\. Use /etc/upstream-release/lsb-release to get only Ubuntu base info - -If you only ****want to see information about the **Ubuntu** base, output **/etc/upstream-release/lsb-release**: - -``` -[email protected]:~$ cat /etc/upstream-release/lsb-release -DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu -DISTRIB_RELEASE=18.04 -DISTRIB_CODENAME=bionic -DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04 LTS" -``` - -Bonus Tip: [You can just check Linux kernel version][9] with the **uname** command: - -``` -[email protected]:~$ uname -r -4.15.0-54-generic -``` - -**Note:** _**-r** stands for **release**, however you can check the other flags with **man uname**._ - -### Check Linux Mint version information using GUI - -If you are not comfortable with the terminal and commands, you can use the graphical method. As you would expect, this one is pretty straight-forward. - -Open up the **Menu** (bottom-left corner) and then go to **Preferences > System Info**: - -![Linux Mint Menu][10] - -Alternatively, in the Menu you can search for **System Info**: - -![Menu Search System Info][11] - -Here you can see both your operating system (including version number), your kernel and the version number of your DE: - -![System Info][12] - -**Wrapping Up** - -I have covered some different ways you can quickly check the version and name (as well as the Ubuntu base and kernel) of the Linux Mint release you are running. I hope you found this beginner tutorial helpful. Let us know in the comments which one is your favorite method! - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://itsfoss.com/check-linux-mint-version/ - -作者：[Sergiu][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/ -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: tmp.pL5Hg3N6Qt#terminal -[2]: tmp.pL5Hg3N6Qt#GUI -[3]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/check-linux-mint-version.png?ssl=1 -[4]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/hostnamectl.jpg?ssl=1 -[5]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/linuxmint_info.jpg?ssl=1 -[6]: https://itsfoss.com/rid-google-chrome-icons-dock-elementary-os-freya/ -[7]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/os_release.jpg?ssl=1 -[8]: https://itsfoss.com/install-virtualbox-ubuntu/ -[9]: https://itsfoss.com/find-which-kernel-version-is-running-in-ubuntu/ -[10]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/linux_mint_menu.jpg?ssl=1 -[11]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/menu_search_system_info.jpg?ssl=1 -[12]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/system_info.png?ssl=1 diff --git a/translated/tech/20190917 How to Check Linux Mint Version Number - Codename.md b/translated/tech/20190917 How to Check Linux Mint Version Number - Codename.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dee320ad88 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20190917 How to Check Linux Mint Version Number - Codename.md @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: (Morisun029) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (How to Check Linux Mint Version Number & Codename) +[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/check-linux-mint-version/) +[#]: author: (Sergiu https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/) + +如何查看 Linux Mint 版本号和代号 +====== + + +Linux Mint 每两年发布一次主版本（如 Mint 19），每六个月左右发布一次次版本（如 Mint 19.1,19.2等）。 你可以自己升级 Linux Mint 版本，次版本也会自动更新。 + + +在所有这些版本中，你可能想知道你正在使用的是哪个版本。 了解 Linux Mint 版本号可以帮助你确定某个特定软件是否适用于你的系统，或者检查你的系统是否已达到使用寿命。 + +你可能需要 Linux Mint 版本号有多种原因，你也有多种方法可以获取此信息。 +让我向你展示用图形和命令行的方式获取 Mint 版本信息。 + + + * [使用命令行查看 Linux Mint 版本信息][1] + * [使用GUI（图形用户界面）查看 Linux Mint 版本信息][2] + + + +### 使用终端查看 Linux Mint 版本号的方法 + +![][3] + +我将介绍几种使用非常简单的命令查看 Linux Mint 版本号和代号的方法。 你可以从 **菜单** 中打开**终端** ，或按**CTRL+ALT+T** （默认热键）打开。 + + +本文中的 **最后两个命令** 还会输出你当前的 Linux Mint 版本所基于的 **Ubuntu 版本**。 + + +#### 1\. /etc/issue + + +从最简单的 CLI 方法开始，你可以打印出 **/etc/issue** 的内容来检查你的 **版本号** 和 **代号** ： + + +``` +[email protected]:~$ cat /etc/issue +Linux Mint 19.2 Tina \n \l +``` + +#### 2\. hostnamectl + +![hostnamectl][4] + + +这一个命令（**hostnamectl**）打印的信息几乎与 **系统信息** 中的信息相同。 你可以看到你的 **操作系统**（带有**版本号**）以及你的 **内核版本**。3. + +#### 3\. lsb_release + +**lsb_release** 是一个非常简单的Linux实用程序，用于查看有关你的发行版本的基本信息： + +``` +[email protected]:~$ lsb_release -a +No LSB modules are available. +Distributor ID: LinuxMint +Description: Linux Mint 19.2 Tina +Release: 19.2 +Codename: tina +``` + +**注:** *我使用 **–***_**a**_ _标签打印所有参数, 但你也可以使用 **-s** 作为简写格式, **-d** 用于描述等 (检查所有标签的 **man lsb_release** )._ + + +#### 4\. /etc/linuxmint/info + +![/etc/linuxmint/info][5] + +This isn’t a command, but rather a file on any Linux Mint install. Simply use cat command to print it’s contents to your terminal and see your **Release Number** and **Codename**. +这不是命令，而是所有Linux Mint 安装上的文件。 只需使用 cat 命令将其内容打印到终端，然后查看你的**版本号** 和**代号** 。 + +[][6] + +建议阅读避免在 ELemetary OS Freya 中出现两个 Chrome 图标[快速提示] + +#### 5\. 使用 /etc/os-release 命令也可以获取到 Ubuntu 代号 + +![/etc/os-release][7] + + +Linux Mint 基于 Ubuntu。 每个 Linux Mint 版本都基于不同的 Ubuntu 版本。了解 Linux Mint 版本所基于的 Ubuntu 版本有助你在必须要使用 Ubuntu 版本号的情况下使用-在你需要在 [Linux Mint 中安装最新的Virtual Box][8]. 添加仓库时。 + +os-release 则是另一个类似于**info**的文件，向你展示 Linux Mint 所基于的 Ubuntu 版本代号。 + + +#### 6\. 使用 /etc/upstream-release/lsb-release 只能获取到 Ubuntu 的基本信息 + + +如果你只想要查看有关 **Ubuntu** 的基本信息，请输出 **/etc/upstream-release/lsb-release**: + +``` +[email protected]:~$ cat /etc/upstream-release/lsb-release +DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu +DISTRIB_RELEASE=18.04 +DISTRIB_CODENAME=bionic +DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04 LTS" +``` + +特别提示: [你可以使用 **uname** 命令查看 Linux 内核版本][9]: + +``` +[email protected]:~$ uname -r +4.15.0-54-generic +``` + +**注:** _**-r** 代表 **release**, 你可以使用 **man uname** 查看其他信息。 + +### 使用 GUI 查看 Linux Mint 版本信息 + +如果你对终端和命令行不满意，可以使用图形方法。如你所料，这个非常明了。 + +打开 **Menu** (左下角)， 然后转到 **Preferences > System Info**: + +![Linux Mint 菜单][10] + +或者，在菜单中，你可以搜索 **System Info**: + +![Menu Search System Info][11] + +在这里，你可以看到你的操作系统（包括版本号），内核和 DE 的版本号： + +![System Info][12] + +**总结** + +我已经介绍了一些不同的方法，用这些方法你可以快速查看你正在使用的 Linux Mint 的版本和代号（以及所基于的Ubuntu 版本和内核）。 我希望这个初学者教程对你有所帮助。请在评论中告诉我们你最喜欢哪个方法！ + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.com/check-linux-mint-version/ + +作者：[Sergiu][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[Morisun029](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: tmp.pL5Hg3N6Qt#terminal +[2]: tmp.pL5Hg3N6Qt#GUI +[3]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/check-linux-mint-version.png?ssl=1 +[4]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/hostnamectl.jpg?ssl=1 +[5]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/linuxmint_info.jpg?ssl=1 +[6]: https://itsfoss.com/rid-google-chrome-icons-dock-elementary-os-freya/ +[7]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/os_release.jpg?ssl=1 +[8]: https://itsfoss.com/install-virtualbox-ubuntu/ +[9]: https://itsfoss.com/find-which-kernel-version-is-running-in-ubuntu/ +[10]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/linux_mint_menu.jpg?ssl=1 +[11]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/menu_search_system_info.jpg?ssl=1 +[12]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/system_info.png?ssl=1 From f4501c4a9142658cb5538b29beaae9d084a5751c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DarkSun Date: Thu, 19 Sep 2019 00:57:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 2/7] =?UTF-8?q?=E9=80=89=E9=A2=98:=2020190918=20The=20Prot?= =?UTF-8?q?ocols=20That=20Help=20Things=20to=20Communicate=20Over=20the=20?= =?UTF-8?q?Internet?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit sources/talk/20190918 The Protocols That Help Things to Communicate Over the Internet.md --- ...Things to Communicate Over the Internet.md | 143 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 143 insertions(+) create mode 100644 sources/talk/20190918 The Protocols That Help Things to Communicate Over the Internet.md diff --git a/sources/talk/20190918 The Protocols That Help Things to Communicate Over the Internet.md b/sources/talk/20190918 The Protocols That Help Things to Communicate Over the Internet.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6fbfa24bb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/talk/20190918 The Protocols That Help Things to Communicate Over the Internet.md @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (The Protocols That Help Things to Communicate Over the Internet) +[#]: via: (https://opensourceforu.com/2019/09/the-protocols-that-help-things-to-communicate-over-the-internet/) +[#]: author: (Sapna Panchal https://opensourceforu.com/author/sapna-panchal/) + +The Protocols That Help Things to Communicate Over the Internet +====== + +[![][1]][2] + +_The Internet of Things is a system of connected, interrelated objects. These objects transmit data to servers for processing and, in turn, receive messages from the servers. These messages are sent and received using different protocols. This article discusses some of the protocols related to the IoT._ + +The Internet of Things (IoT) is beginning to pervade more and more aspects of our lives. Everyone, everywhere is using the Internet of Things. Using the Internet, connected things are used to collect information, convey/send information back, or do both. IoT is an architecture that is a combination of available technologies. It helps to make our daily lives more pleasant and convenient. + +![Figure 1: IoT architecture][3] + +![Figure 2: Messaging Queuing Telemetry protocol][4] + +**IoT architecture** +Basically, IoT architecture has four components. In this article, we will explore each component to understand the architecture better. + + * **Sensors:** These are present everywhere. They help to collect data from any location and then share it to the IoT gateway. As an example, sensors sense the temperature at different locations, which helps to gauge the weather conditions. And this information is shared or passed to the IoT gateway. This is a basic example of how the IoT operates. + * **IoT gateway:** Once the information is collected from the sensors, it is passed on to the gateway. The gateway is a mediator between sensor nodes and the World Wide Web. So basically, it processes the data that is collected from sensor nodes and then transmits this to the Internet infrastructure. + * **Cloud server:** Once data is transmitted through the gateway, it is stored and processed in the cloud server. + * **Mobile app:** Using a mobile application, the user can view and access the data processed in the cloud server. + + + +This is the basic idea of the IoT and its architecture, along with the components. We now move on to the basic ideas behind different IoT protocols. + +**IoT protocols** +As mentioned earlier, connected things are used to collect information, convey/send information back, or do both, using the Internet. This is the fundamental basis of the IoT. To convey/send information, we need a protocol, which is a set of procedures that is used to transmit the data between electronic devices. +Essentially, we have two types of IoT protocols — the IoT network protocols and the IoT data protocols. This article discusses the IoT data protocols. + +![Figure 3: Advance Message Queuing Protocol][5] + +![Figure 4: CoAP][6] + +**MQTT** +The Messaging Queuing Telemetry Transmit (MQTT) protocol was primarily designed for low bandwidth networks, but is very popular today as an IoT protocol. It is used to exchange data between clients and the server. It is a lightweight messaging protocol. + +This protocol has many advantages: + + * It is small in size and has low power usage. + * It is a lightweight protocol. + * It is based on low network usage. + * It works entirely in real-time. + + + +Considering all the above reasons, MQTT emerges as the perfect IoT data protocol. + +**How MQTT works:** MQTT is based on a client-server relationship. The server manages the requests that come from different clients and sends the required information to clients. MQTT is based on two operations. +i) _Publish:_ When the client sends data to the MQTT broker, this operation is known as ‘Publish’. +ii) _Subscribe:_ When the client receives data from the broker, this operation is known as‘Subscribe’. + +The MQTT broker is the mediator that handles these operations, primarily taking messages and delivering them to the application or client. + +Let’s look at the example of a device temperature sensor, which sends readings to the MQTT broker, and then information is delivered to desktop or mobile applications. As stated earlier, ‘Publish’ means sending readings to the MQTT broker and ‘Subscribe’ means delivering the information to the desktop/mobile application. + +**AMQP** +Advanced Message Queuing Protocol is a peer-to-peer protocol, where one peer plays the role of the client application and the other peer plays the role of the delivery service or broker. It is the combination of hard and fast components that basically routes and saves messages within the delivery service or broker carrier. + +The benefits of AMQP are: + + * It helps to send messages without them getting missed out. + * It helps to guarantee a ‘one-time only’ and secured delivery. + * It provides a secure connection. + * It always supports acknowledgments for message delivery or failure. + + + +**How AMQP works and its architecture:** The AMQP architecture is made up of the following parts. + +_**Exchange**_ – Messages that come from the publisher are accepted by Exchange, which routes them to the message queue. + +_**Message queue**_ – This is the combination of multiple queues and is helpful for processing the messages. + +_**Binding**_ – This helps to maintain the connectivity between Exchange and the message queue. +The combination of Exchange and the message queues is known as the broker or AMQP broker. + +![Figure 5: Constrained Application Protocol architecture][7] + +**Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)** +This was initially used as a machine-to-machine (M2M) protocol, and later began to be used as an IoT protocol. It is a Web transfer protocol that is used with constrained nodes and constrained networks. CoAP uses the RESTful architecture, just like the HTTP protocol. +The advantages CoAP offers are: + + * It works as a REST model for small devices. + * As this is like HTTP, it’s easy for developers to work on. + * It is a one-to-one protocol for transferring information between the client and server, directly. + * It is very simple to parse. + + + +**How CoAP works and its architecture:** From Figure 4, we can understand that CoAP is the combination of ‘Request/Response and Message’. We can also say it has two layers – ‘Request/Response’and ‘Message’. +Figure 5 clearly explains that CoAP architecture is based on the client server relationship, where… + + * The client sends requests to the server. + * The server receives requests from the client and responds to them. + + + +**Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)** +This protocol is used to exchange messages in real-time. It is used not only to communicate with others, but also to get information on the status of the user (away, offline, active). This protocol is widely used in real life, like in WhatsApp. +The Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol should be used because: + + * It is free, open and easy to understand. Hence, it is very popular. + * It has secured authentication, is extensible and flexible. + + + +![Figure 6: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol][8] + +**How XMPP works and its architecture:** In the XMPP architecture, each client has a unique name associated with it and communicates to other clients via the XMPP server. The XMPP client has either the same domain or a different one. + +In Figure 6, the XMPP client belongs to the same domain in which one XMPP client sends the information to the XMPP server. The server translates it and conveys the information to another client. +Basically, this protocol is the backbone that provides universal connectivity between different endpoint protocols. + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://opensourceforu.com/2019/09/the-protocols-that-help-things-to-communicate-over-the-internet/ + +作者：[Sapna Panchal][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://opensourceforu.com/author/sapna-panchal/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://i0.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Internet-of-things-illustration.jpg?resize=696%2C439&ssl=1 (Internet of things illustration) +[2]: https://i0.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Internet-of-things-illustration.jpg?fit=1125%2C710&ssl=1 +[3]: https://i2.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Figure-1-IoT-architecture.jpg?resize=350%2C133&ssl=1 +[4]: https://i0.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Figure-2-Messaging-Queuing-Telemetry-Transmit-protocol.jpg?resize=350%2C206&ssl=1 +[5]: https://i0.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Figure-3-Advance-Message-Queuing-Protocol.jpg?resize=350%2C160&ssl=1 +[6]: https://i0.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Figure-4-CoAP.jpg?resize=350%2C84&ssl=1 +[7]: https://i0.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Figure-5-Constrained-Application-Protocol-architecture.jpg?resize=350%2C224&ssl=1 +[8]: https://i1.wp.com/opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Figure-6-Extensible-Messaging-and-Presence-Protocol.jpg?resize=350%2C46&ssl=1 From 2d5814be4db5ac0b863a59418de58cf8290f8f42 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: qfzy1233 Date: Thu, 19 Sep 2019 08:17:37 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 3/7] qfzy1233 is translating --- sources/tech/20190912 An introduction to Markdown.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/sources/tech/20190912 An introduction to Markdown.md b/sources/tech/20190912 An introduction to Markdown.md index df13f64f6d..1e0a990913 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190912 An introduction to Markdown.md +++ b/sources/tech/20190912 An introduction to Markdown.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: translator: (qfzy1233) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) From 081d1a57cfe526891291dacc7d437d304f09d1cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: geekpi Date: Thu, 19 Sep 2019 08:50:12 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 4/7] translated --- ...introduction to Virtual Machine Manager.md | 102 ------------------ ...introduction to Virtual Machine Manager.md | 99 +++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 99 insertions(+), 102 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 sources/tech/20190913 An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager.md create mode 100644 translated/tech/20190913 An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20190913 An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager.md b/sources/tech/20190913 An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager.md deleted file mode 100644 index de43386f8f..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20190913 An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,102 +0,0 @@ -[#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: (geekpi) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) -[#]: subject: (An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager) -[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/9/introduction-virtual-machine-manager) -[#]: author: (Alan Formy-Duval https://opensource.com/users/alanfdosshttps://opensource.com/users/alanfdosshttps://opensource.com/users/bgamrathttps://opensource.com/users/marcobravo) - -An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager -====== -Virt-manager provides a full range of options for spinning up virtual -machines on Linux. -![A person programming][1] - -In my [series][2] about [GNOME Boxes][3], I explained how Linux users can quickly spin up virtual machines on their desktop without much fuss. Boxes is ideal for creating virtual machines in a pinch when a simple configuration is all you need. - -But if you need to configure more detail in your virtual machine, you need a tool that provides a full range of options for disks, network interface cards (NICs), and other hardware. This is where [Virtual Machine Manager][4] (virt-manager) comes in. If you don't see it in your applications menu, you can install it from your package manager or via the command line: - - * On Fedora: **sudo dnf install virt-manager** - * On Ubuntu: **sudo apt install virt-manager** - - - -Once it's installed, you can launch it from its application menu icon or from the command line by entering **virt-manager**. - -![Virtual Machine Manager's main screen][5] - -To demonstrate how to create a virtual machine using virt-manager, I'll go through the steps to set one up for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8. - -To start, click **File** then **New Virtual Machine**. Virt-manager's developers have thoughtfully titled each step of the process (e.g., Step 1 of 5) to make it easy. Click **Local install media** and **Forward**. - -![Step 1 virtual machine creation][6] - -On the next screen, browse to select the ISO file for the operating system you want to install. (My RHEL 8 image is located in my Downloads directory.) Virt-manager automatically detects the operating system. - -![Step 2 Choose the ISO File][7] - -In Step 3, you can specify the virtual machine's memory and CPU. The defaults are 1,024MB memory and one CPU. - -![Step 3 Set CPU and Memory][8] - -I want to give RHEL ample room to run—and the hardware I'm using can accommodate it—so I'll increase them (respectively) to 4,096MB and two CPUs. - -The next step configures storage for the virtual machine; the default setting is a 10GB disk image. (I'll keep this setting, but you can adjust it for your needs.) You can also choose an existing disk image or create one in a custom location. - -![Step 4 Configure VM Storage][9] - -Step 5 is the place to name your virtual machine and click Finish. This is equivalent to creating a virtual machine or a Box in GNOME Boxes. While it's technically the last step, you have several options (as you can see in the screenshot below). Since the advantage of virt-manager is the ability to customize a virtual machine, I'll check the box labeled **Customize configuration before install** before I click **Finish**. - -Since I chose to customize the configuration, virt-manager opens a screen displaying a bunch of devices and settings. This is the fun part! - -Here you have another chance to name the virtual machine. In the list on the left, you can view details on various aspects, such as CPU, memory, disks, controllers, and many other items. For example, I can click on **CPUs** to verify the change I made in Step 3. - -![Changing the CPU count][10] - -I can also confirm the amount of memory I set. - -When installing a VM to run as a server, I usually disable or remove its sound capability. To do so, select **Sound** and click **Remove** or right-click on **Sound** and choose **Remove Hardware**. - -You can also add hardware with the **Add Hardware** button at the bottom. This brings up the **Add New Virtual Hardware** screen where you can add additional storage devices, memory, sound, etc. It's like having access to a very well-stocked (if virtual) computer hardware warehouse. - -![The Add New Hardware screen][11] - -Once you are happy with your VM configuration, click **Begin Installation**, and the system will boot and begin installing your specified operating system from the ISO. - -![Begin installing the OS][12] - -Once it completes, it reboots, and your new VM is ready for use. - -![Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 running in VMM][13] - -Virtual Machine Manager is a powerful tool for desktop Linux users. It is open source and an excellent alternative to proprietary and closed virtualization products. - -Learn how Vagrant and Ansible can be used to provision virtual machines for web development. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://opensource.com/article/19/9/introduction-virtual-machine-manager - -作者：[Alan Formy-Duval][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://opensource.com/users/alanfdosshttps://opensource.com/users/alanfdosshttps://opensource.com/users/bgamrathttps://opensource.com/users/marcobravo -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/computer_keyboard_laptop_development_code_woman.png?itok=vbYz6jjb (A person programming) -[2]: https://opensource.com/sitewide-search?search_api_views_fulltext=GNOME%20Box -[3]: https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Boxes -[4]: https://virt-manager.org/ -[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/1-vmm_main_0.png (Virtual Machine Manager's main screen) -[6]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/2-vmm_step1_0.png (Step 1 virtual machine creation) -[7]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/3-vmm_step2.png (Step 2 Choose the ISO File) -[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/4-vmm_step3default.png (Step 3 Set CPU and Memory) -[9]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/6-vmm_step4.png (Step 4 Configure VM Storage) -[10]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/9-vmm_customizecpu.png (Changing the CPU count) -[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/11-vmm_addnewhardware.png (The Add New Hardware screen) -[12]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/12-vmm_rhelbegininstall.png -[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/13-vmm_rhelinstalled_0.png (Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 running in VMM) diff --git a/translated/tech/20190913 An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager.md b/translated/tech/20190913 An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..786efdb14b --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20190913 An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager.md @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: (geekpi) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (An introduction to Virtual Machine Manager) +[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/9/introduction-virtual-machine-manager) +[#]: author: (Alan Formy-Duval https://opensource.com/users/alanfdosshttps://opensource.com/users/alanfdosshttps://opensource.com/users/bgamrathttps://opensource.com/users/marcobravo) + +Virtual Machine Manager 简介 +====== +Virt-manager 为 Linux 虚拟化提供了全方位的选择。 +![A person programming][1] + +在我关于 [GNOME Boxes][3] 的[系列文章][2]中，我已经解释了 Linux 用户如何能够在他们的桌面上快速启动虚拟机。当你只需要简单的配置时，Box 可以在紧要关头创建虚拟机。 + +但是，如果你需要在虚拟机中配置更多详细信息，那么你就需要一个工具，为磁盘，网卡（NIC）和其他硬件提供全面的选项。这时就需要 [Virtual Machine Manager][4]（virt-manager）了。如果在应用菜单中没有看到它，你可以从包管理器或命令行安装它： + + * 在 Fedora 上：**sudo dnf install virt-manager** +  * 在 Ubuntu 上：**sudo apt install virt-manager** + + + +安装完成后，你可以从应用菜单或在命令行中输入 **virt-manager** 启动。 + +![Virtual Machine Manager's main screen][5] + +为了演示如何使用 virt-manager 创建虚拟机，我将设置一个 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 虚拟机。 + +首先，单击 **File** 然后点击 **New Virtual Machine**。Virt-manager 的开发者已经标记好了每一步（例如，第 1 步，共 5 步）来使其变得简单。单击 **Local install media** 和 **Forward**。 + +![Step 1 virtual machine creation][6] + +在下个页面中，选择要安装的操作系统的 ISO 文件。（RHEL 8 镜像位于我的下载目录中。）Virt-manager 自动检测操作系统。 + +![Step 2 Choose the ISO File][7] + +在步骤 3 中，你可以指定虚拟机的内存和 CPU。默认值为内存 1,024MB 和一个 CPU。 + +![Step 3 Set CPU and Memory][8] + +我想给 RHEL 充足的配置运行，我使用的硬件配置也充足 - 所以我将它们（分别）增加到 4,096MB 和两个 CPU。 + +下一步为虚拟机配置存储。默认设置是 10GB 硬盘。 （我保留此设置，但你可以根据需要进行调整。）你还可以选择现有磁盘镜像或在自定义位置创建一个磁盘镜像。 + +![Step 4 Configure VM Storage][9] + +步骤 5 是命名虚拟机并单击“完成”。这相当于创建了一台虚拟机或 GNOME Boxes 中的 Box。虽然技术上讲是最后一步，但你有几个选择（如下面的截图所示）。由于 virt-manager 的优点是能够自定义虚拟机，因此在单击 **Finish** 之前，我将选中 **Customize configuration before install** 的复选框。 + +因为我选择了自定义配置，virt-manager 打开了一个有一组设备和设置的页面。这个很有趣！ + +这里你也可以命名虚拟机。在左侧列表中，你可以查看各个方面的详细信息，例如 CPU、内存、磁盘、控制器和许多其他项目。例如，我可以单击 **CPU** 来验证我在步骤 3 中所做的更改。 + +![Changing the CPU count][10] + +我也可以确认我设置的内存量。 + +当 VM 作为服务器运行时，我通常会禁用或删除声卡。为此，请选择 **Sound** 并单击 **Remove** 或右键单击 **Sound** 并选择 **Remove Hardware**。 + +你还可以使用底部的 **Add Hardware** 按钮添加硬件。这会打开 **Add New Virtual Hardware件** 页面，你可以在其中添加其他存储设备、内存、声卡等。这就像可以访问一个库存充足（如果虚拟）的计算机硬件仓库。 + +![The Add New Hardware screen][11] + +对 VM 配置感到满意后，单击 **Begin Installation**，系统将启动并开始从 ISO 安装指定的操作系统。 + +![Begin installing the OS][12] + +完成后，它会重新启动，你的新 VM 就可以使用了。 + +![Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 running in VMM][13] + +Virtual Machine Manager 是桌面 Linux 用户的强大工具。它是开源的，是专有和封闭虚拟化产品的绝佳替代品。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://opensource.com/article/19/9/introduction-virtual-machine-manager + +作者：[Alan Formy-Duval][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://opensource.com/users/alanfdosshttps://opensource.com/users/alanfdosshttps://opensource.com/users/bgamrathttps://opensource.com/users/marcobravo +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/computer_keyboard_laptop_development_code_woman.png?itok=vbYz6jjb (A person programming) +[2]: https://opensource.com/sitewide-search?search_api_views_fulltext=GNOME%20Box +[3]: https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Boxes +[4]: https://virt-manager.org/ +[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/1-vmm_main_0.png (Virtual Machine Manager's main screen) +[6]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/2-vmm_step1_0.png (Step 1 virtual machine creation) +[7]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/3-vmm_step2.png (Step 2 Choose the ISO File) +[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/4-vmm_step3default.png (Step 3 Set CPU and Memory) +[9]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/6-vmm_step4.png (Step 4 Configure VM Storage) +[10]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/9-vmm_customizecpu.png (Changing the CPU count) +[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/11-vmm_addnewhardware.png (The Add New Hardware screen) +[12]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/12-vmm_rhelbegininstall.png +[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/13-vmm_rhelinstalled_0.png (Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 running in VMM) From 9e155a34ea215f87af1f91c5fea1082bad9f8124 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: geekpi Date: Thu, 19 Sep 2019 09:16:59 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 5/7] translating --- ...ze and lock your Linux system (and why you would want to).md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/sources/tech/20190916 How to freeze and lock your Linux system (and why you would want to).md b/sources/tech/20190916 How to freeze and lock your Linux system (and why you would want to).md index 367113a47b..886974a8c0 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190916 How to freeze and lock your Linux system (and why you would want to).md +++ b/sources/tech/20190916 How to freeze and lock your Linux system (and why you would want to).md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: translator: (geekpi) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) From f106e93bad9580ab58df33e84a6e89426c892461 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xingyu Wang Date: Thu, 19 Sep 2019 09:41:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 6/7] PRF MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit @name1e5s 翻译的很棒！ --- ...an is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md | 58 ++++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-) diff --git a/translated/news/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md b/translated/news/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md index 959e369e20..aa5ab6bece 100644 --- a/translated/news/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md +++ b/translated/news/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) [#]: translator: (name1e5s) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: reviewer: (wxy) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) [#]: subject: (Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President) @@ -10,60 +10,64 @@ Richard Stallman 被迫辞去 FSF 主席的职务 ====== -_**Richard Stallman，自由软件基金会的创建者以及主席，已经辞去他的职务，开始寻求下一任主席。此前，因为 Stallman 对于爱泼斯坦事件中的受害者的观点，一小撮活动家以及媒体人发起了清除 Stallman 的运动。这份声明就是在这些活动后发生的。阅读全文以获得更多信息。**_ +> Richard Stallman，自由软件基金会的创建者以及主席，已经辞去主席及董事会职务。此前，因为 Stallman 对于爱泼斯坦事件中的受害者的观点，一小撮活动家以及媒体人发起了清除 Stallman 的运动。这份声明就是在这些活动后发生的。阅读全文以获得更多信息。 ![][1] ### Stallman 事件的背景概述 -如果您不知道这次事件发生的前因后果，请看本段的详细信息。 +如果你不知道这次事件发生的前因后果，请看本段的详细信息。 [Richard Stallman][2]，66岁，是就职于 [MIT][3] 的计算机科学家。他最著名的成就就是在 1983 年发起了[自由软件运动][4]。他也开发了 GNU 项目旗下的部分软件，比如 GCC 和 Emacs。受自由软件运动影响选择使用 GPL 开源协议的项目不计其数。Linux 是其中最出名的项目之一。 -[Jeffrey Epstein][5]，美国亿万富翁，金融大佬。其涉嫌为社会上流精英提供性交易服务（其中有未成年少女）而被指控成为性犯罪者。在受审期间，爱泼斯坦在监狱中自杀身亡。 +[Jeffrey Epstein][5]（爱泼斯坦），美国亿万富翁，金融大佬。其涉嫌为社会上流精英提供性交易服务（其中有未成年少女）而被指控成为性犯罪者。在受审期间，爱泼斯坦在监狱中自杀身亡。 -[Marvin Lee Minsky][6]，MIT 知名计算机科学家。他在 MIT 建立了人工智能实验室。2016 年，88 岁的 Minsky 逝世。在 Minsky 逝世后，一位名为 Misky 的爱泼斯坦事件受害者生成其在未成年时曾被“诱导”到爱泼斯坦的私人岛屿，与之发生性关系。 +[Marvin Lee Minsky][6]，MIT 知名计算机科学家。他在 MIT 建立了人工智能实验室。2016 年，88 岁的 Minsky 逝世。在 Minsky 逝世后，一位名为 Misky 的爱泼斯坦事件受害者声称其在未成年时曾被“诱导”到爱泼斯坦的私人岛屿，与之发生性关系。 -但是这些与 Richard Stallman 有什么关系？这要从 Stallman 发给 MIT 计算机科学与人工智能实验室(CSAIL) 的学生以及附属机构就爱泼斯坦的捐款提出抗议的邮件列表的邮件说起。邮件全文翻译如下： +但是这些与 Richard Stallman 有什么关系？这要从 Stallman 发给 MIT 计算机科学与人工智能实验室（CSAIL）的学生以及附属机构就爱泼斯坦的捐款提出抗议的邮件列表的邮件说起。邮件全文翻译如下： > 周五事件的公告对 Marvin Minsky 来说是不公正的。 > -> “已故的人工智能 ’先锋‘ Marvin Minsky （被控告侵害了爱泼斯坦事件的受害者之一[2]）” +> “已故的人工智能 ‘先锋’ Marvin Minsky （被控告侵害了爱泼斯坦事件的受害者之一\[2]）” > -> 不公正之处在于 “侵害(assulting)” 这个用语。“性侵犯(sexual assault)” 这个用语非常的糢糊，夸大了指控的严重性：宣称某人做了 X 但误导别人，让别人觉得这个人做了 Y，Y 远远比 X 严重。 +> 不公正之处在于 “侵害assulting” 这个用语。“性侵犯sexual assault” 这个用语非常的糢糊，夸大了指控的严重性：宣称某人做了 X 但误导别人，让别人觉得这个人做了 Y，Y 远远比 X 严重。 > -> 上面引用的指控显然就是夸大。报导声称 Minksy 与爱泼斯坦的女眷之一发生了性关系(详见 )。我们假设这是真的（我找不到理由不相信）。 +> 上面引用的指控显然就是夸大。报导声称 Minksy 与爱泼斯坦的女眷harem之一发生了性关系（详见 ）。我们假设这是真的（我找不到理由不相信）。 > -> “侵害(assulting)” 这个词，意味着他使用了某种暴力。但那篇报道并没有提到这个，只说了他们发生了性关系。 +> “侵害assulting” 这个词，意味着他使用了某种暴力。但那篇报道并没有提到这个，只说了他们发生了性关系。 > > 我们可以想像很多种情况，但最合理的情况是，她在 Marvin 面前表现的像是完全自愿的。假设她是被爱泼斯坦强迫的，那爱泼斯坦有充足的理由让她对大多数人守口如瓶。 > -> 从各种的指控夸大事例中，我总结出，在指控时使用“性侵犯(sexual assault)”是绝对错误的。 +> 从各种的指控夸大事例中，我总结出，在指控时使用“性侵犯sexual assault”是绝对错误的。 > -> 无论你想要批判什么行为，你都应该使用特定的词汇来描述，以此避免批判本身天然的道德上的模糊性。 +> 无论你想要批判什么行为，你都应该使用特定的词汇来描述，以此避免批判的本质的道德模糊性。 ### “清除 Stallman” 的呼吁 -‘爱泼斯坦’在美国是颇具争议的话题。Stallman 对该敏感事件做出如此鲁莽的 “知识陈述” 不会有好结果，事实也是如此。 +‘爱泼斯坦’在美国是颇具争议的‘话题’。Stallman 对该敏感事件做出如此鲁莽的 “知识陈述” 不会有好结果，事实也是如此。 一位机器人学工程师从她的朋友那里收到了转发的邮件并发起了一个[清除 Stallman 的活动][7]。她要的不是澄清或者道歉，她只想要清除斯托曼，就算这意味着 “将 MIT 夷为平地” 也在所不惜。 -> 是，至少 Stallman 没有的确被控强奸任何人。但这就是我们的最高标准吗？这所声望极高的学院坚持的标准就是这样的吗？ 如果这是麻省理工学院想要捍卫的、想要代表的标准的话，还不如把这破学校夷为平地… +> 是，至少 Stallman 没有被控强奸任何人。但这就是我们的最高标准吗？这所声望极高的学院坚持的标准就是这样的吗？如果这是麻省理工学院想要捍卫的、想要代表的标准的话，还不如把这破学校夷为平地… > > 如果有必要的话，就把所有人都清除出去，之后从废墟中建立出更好的秩序。 > -> Salem，发起“清除 Stallman“运动的机器人学专业学生 +> —— Salem，发起“清除 Stallman“运动的机器人学专业学生 -Salem 的大字报最初没有被主流媒体重视。但它还是被反对软件行业内精英崇拜以及性别偏见的积极分子发现了。 +Salem 的声讨最初没有被主流媒体重视。但它还是被反对软件行业内的精英崇拜以及性别偏见的积极分子发现了。 -> [#epstein][8] [#MIT][9] 嗨 记者没有回复我我很生气就自己写了这么个故事。 作为 MIT 的校友我还真是高兴啊🙃 +> [#epstein][8] [#MIT][9] 嗨 记者没有回复我我很生气就自己写了这么个故事。作为 MIT 的校友我还真是高兴啊🙃 > > — SZJG (@selamjie) [September 12, 2019][10] +. + > 是不是对于性侵儿童的 “杰出混蛋” 我们也可以辩护说 “万一这是你情我愿的” > > — Tracy Chou 👩🏻‍💻 (@triketora) [September 13, 2019][11] +. + > 多年来我就一直发推说 Richard "RMS" Stallman 这人有多恶心 —— 恋童癖、厌女症、还残障歧视 > > 不可避免的是，每次我这样做，都会有老哥检查我的数据来源，然后说 “这都是几年前的事了！他现在变了！” @@ -74,15 +78,15 @@ Salem 的大字报最初没有被主流媒体重视。但它还是被反对软 下面是 Sage Sharp 开头的一篇关于 Stallman 的行为如何对科技人员产生负面影响的帖子： -> 👇大家说下 Richard Stallman 对科技从业者的影响吧，尤其是女性。 [例如: 强奸，乱伦，残障歧视，性交易] +> 👇大家说下 Richard Stallman 对科技从业者的影响吧，尤其是女性。 [例如: 强奸、乱伦、残障歧视、性交易] > > [@fsf][13] 有必要永久禁止 Richard Stallman 担任自由软件基金会董事会主席。 > -> — Sage Sharp (@_sagesharp_) [September 16, 2019][14] +> — Sage Sharp (@\_sagesharp\_) [September 16, 2019][14] -Stallman 一直以来也不是一个圣人。 他粗暴，不合时宜、带有性别歧视的笑话多年来一直在进行。你可以在[这里][15]和[这里][16]读到。 +Stallman 一直以来也不是一个圣人。他粗暴，不合时宜、多年来一直在开带有性别歧视的笑话。你可以在[这里][15]和[这里][16]读到。 -很快这个消息就被 [The Vice][17]，[每日野兽][18]，[未来主义][19]等大媒体采访。他们把 Stallman 描绘成爱泼斯坦的捍卫者。在强烈的抗议声中，[GNOME 执行董事威胁要结束 GNOME 和 FSF 之间的关系][20]。 +很快这个消息就被 [The Vice][17]、[每日野兽][18]，[未来主义][19]等大媒体采访。他们把 Stallman 描绘成爱泼斯坦的捍卫者。在强烈的抗议声中，[GNOME 执行董事威胁要结束 GNOME 和 FSF 之间的关系][20]。 最后，Stallman 先是从 MIT 辞职，现在又从 [自由软件基金会][21] 辞职。 @@ -92,13 +96,13 @@ Stallman 一直以来也不是一个圣人。 他粗暴，不合时宜、带有 我们见识到了，把一个人从他创建并为之工作了三十多年的组织中驱逐出去仅仅需要五天。这甚至还是在 Stallman 没有参与性交易丑闻的情况下。 -其中一些 “活动家” 过去也曾[针对 Linux 的作者 Linus Torvalds][23]。 Linux 基金会背后的管理层预见到了科技行业激进主义的增长趋势，因此他们制定了[适用于 Linux 内核开发的行为准则][24]并[强制 Torvalds 接受培训以改善他的行为][25]。 如果他们没有采取纠正措施，可能 Torvalds 也已经被批倒批臭了。 +其中一些 “活动家” 过去也曾[针对过 Linux 的作者 Linus Torvalds][23]。Linux 基金会背后的管理层预见到了科技行业激进主义的增长趋势，因此他们制定了[适用于 Linux 内核开发的行为准则][24]并[强制 Torvalds 接受培训以改善他的行为][25]。如果他们没有采取纠正措施，可能 Torvalds 也已经被批倒批臭了。 -忽视技术支持者的鲁莽行为和性别歧视是不可接受的，但是对于那些遇到不同意某种流行观点的人就贴大字报，施以私刑也是不道德的做法。我不支持 Stallman 和他过去的言论，但我也不能接受他以这种方式（被迫？）辞职。 +忽视技术支持者的鲁莽行为和性别歧视是不可接受的，但是对于那些遇到不同意某种流行观点的人就进行声讨，施以私刑也是不道德的做法。我不支持 Stallman 和他过去的言论，但我也不能接受他以这种方式（被迫？）辞职。 -Techrights 对此有一些有趣的评论，你可以在 [这里][26] 和 [这里][27] 看到。 +Techrights 对此有一些有趣的评论，你可以在[这里][26]和[这里][27]看到。 -_**您对此事有何看法？ 请文明分享您的观点和意见。过激评论将不会公布。**_ +*你对此事有何看法？请文明分享你的观点和意见。过激评论将不会公布。* -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -107,13 +111,13 @@ via: https://itsfoss.com/richard-stallman-controversy/ 作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a] 选题：[lujun9972][b] 译者：[name1e5s](https://github.com/name1e5s) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 [a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/ [b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/stallman-conroversy.png?ssl=1 +[1]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/stallman-conroversy.png?w=800&ssl=1 [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Stallman [3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology [4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_software_movement From 26dc5824619f796c21d7ce798d0957699f3bc04d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xingyu Wang Date: Thu, 19 Sep 2019 09:41:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 7/7] PUB @name1e5s https://linux.cn/article-11358-1.html --- ..., Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) rename {translated/news => published}/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md (99%) diff --git a/translated/news/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md b/published/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md similarity index 99% rename from translated/news/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md rename to published/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md index aa5ab6bece..e8a658cebc 100644 --- a/translated/news/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md +++ b/published/20190918 Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) [#]: translator: (name1e5s) [#]: reviewer: (wxy) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: publisher: (wxy) +[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-11358-1.html) [#]: subject: (Amid Epstein Controversy, Richard Stallman is Forced to Resign as FSF President) [#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/richard-stallman-controversy/) [#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)