From 9a22b74beb9e42a8ea7fc2b6ac701f1731793155 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9D=8E=E5=8D=9A?= <1594914459@qq.com> Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2019 12:11:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1/9] =?UTF-8?q?=E7=94=B3=E9=A2=86=E7=BF=BB=E8=AF=91?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- sources/tech/20190401 What is 5G- How is it better than 4G.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/sources/tech/20190401 What is 5G- How is it better than 4G.md b/sources/tech/20190401 What is 5G- How is it better than 4G.md index f4ad51b8ae..a5472f9e6e 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190401 What is 5G- How is it better than 4G.md +++ b/sources/tech/20190401 What is 5G- How is it better than 4G.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: translator: (warmfrog) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) From 22ba8a508688b44f85b32458b7c99e066ff25e37 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9D=8E=E5=8D=9A?= <1594914459@qq.com> Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2019 18:24:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 2/9] delete 5G --- ...01 What is 5G- How is it better than 4G.md | 171 ------------------ 1 file changed, 171 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 sources/tech/20190401 What is 5G- How is it better than 4G.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20190401 What is 5G- How is it better than 4G.md b/sources/tech/20190401 What is 5G- How is it better than 4G.md deleted file mode 100644 index a5472f9e6e..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20190401 What is 5G- How is it better than 4G.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,171 +0,0 @@ -[#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: (warmfrog) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) -[#]: subject: (What is 5G? How is it better than 4G?) -[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3203489/what-is-5g-how-is-it-better-than-4g.html#tk.rss_all) -[#]: author: (Josh Fruhlinger https://www.networkworld.com/author/Josh-Fruhlinger/) - -What is 5G? How is it better than 4G? -====== - -### 5G networks will boost wireless throughput by a factor of 10 and may replace wired broadband. But when will they be available, and why are 5G and IoT so linked together? - -![Thinkstock][1] - -[5G wireless][2] is an umbrella term to describe a set of standards and technologies for a radically faster wireless internet that ideally is up to 20 times faster with 120 times less latency than 4G, setting the stage for IoT networking advances and support for new high-bandwidth applications. - -## What is 5G? Technology or buzzword? - -It will be years before the technology reaches its full potential worldwide, but meanwhile some 5G network services are being rolled out today. 5G is as much a marketing buzzword as a technical term, and not all services marketed as 5G are standard. - -**[From Mobile World Congress:[The time of 5G is almost here][3].]** - -## 5G speed vs 4G - -With every new generation of wireless technology, the biggest appeal is increased speed. 5G networks have potential peak download speeds of [20 Gbps, with 10 Gbps being seen as typical][4]. That's not just faster than current 4G networks, which currently top out at around 1 Gbps, but also faster than cable internet connections that deliver broadband to many people's homes. 5G offers network speeds that rival optical-fiber connections. - -Throughput alone isn't 5G's only important speed improvement; it also features a huge reduction in network latency*.* That's an important distinction: throughput measures how long it would take to download a large file, while latency is determined by network bottlenecks and delays that slow down responses in back-and-forth communication. - -Latency can be difficult to quantify because it varies based on myriad network conditions, but 5G networks are capable of latency rates that are less than a millisecond in ideal conditions. Overall, 5G latency will be lower than 4G's by a factor of 60 to 120. That will make possible a number of applications such as virtual reality that delay makes impractical today. - -## 5G technology - -The technology underpinnings of 5G are defined by a series of standards that have been in the works for the better part of a decade. One of the most important of these is 5G New Radio, or 5G NR*,* formalized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project, a standards organization that develops protocols for mobile telephony. 5G NR will dictate many of the ways in which consumer 5G devices will operate, and was [finalized in June of 2018][5]. - -**[[Take this mobile device management course from PluralSight and learn how to secure devices in your company without degrading the user experience.][6] ]** - -A number of individual technologies have come together to make the speed and latency improvements of 5G possible, and below are some of the most important. - -## Millimeter waves - -5G networks will for the most part use frequencies in the 30 to 300 GHz range. (Wavelengths at these frequencies are between 1 and 10 millimeters, thus the name.) This high-frequency band can [carry much more information per unit of time than the lower-frequency signals][7] currently used by 4G LTE, which is generally below 1 GHz, or Wi-Fi, which tops out at 6 GHz. - -Millimeter-wave technology has traditionally been expensive and difficult to deploy. Technical advances have overcome those difficulties, which is part of what's made 5G possible today. - -## Small cells - -One drawback of millimeter wave transmission is that it's more prone to interference than Wi-Fi or 4G signals as they pass through physical objects. - -To overcome this, the model for 5G infrastructure will be different from 4G's. Instead of the large cellular-antenna masts we've come to accept as part of the landscape, 5G networks will be powered by [much smaller base stations spread throughout cities about 250 meters apart][8], creating cells of service that are also smaller. - -These 5G base stations have lower power requirements than those for 4G and can be attached to buildings and utility poles more easily. - -## Massive MIMO - -Despite 5G base stations being much smaller than their 4G counterparts, they pack in many more antennas. These antennas are [multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)][9], meaning that they can handle multiple two-way conversations over the same data signal simultaneously. 5G networks can handle more than [20 times more conversations in this way than 4G networks][10]. - -Massive MIMO promises to [radically improve on base station capacity limits][11], allowing individual base stations to have conversations with many more devices. This in particular is why 5G may drive wider adoption of IoT. In theory, a lot more internet-connected wireless gadgets will be able to be deployed in the same space without overwhelming the network. - -## Beamforming - -Making sure all these conversations go back and forth to the right places is tricky, especially with the aforementioned problems millimeter-wave signals have with interference. To overcome those issues, 5G stations deploy advanced beamforming techniques, which use constructive and destructive radio interference to make signals directional rather than broadcast. That effectively boosts signal strength and range in a particular direction. - -## 5G availability - -The first commercial 5G network was [rolled out in Qatar in May 2018][12]. Since then, networks have been popping up across the world, from Argentina to Vietnam. [Lifewire has a good, frequently updated list][13]. - -One thing to keep in mind, though, is that not all 5G networks deliver on all the technology's promises yet. Some early 5G offerings piggyback on existing 4G infrastructure, which reduces the potential speed gains; other services dubbed 5G for marketing purposes don't even comply with the standard. A closer look at offerings from U.S. wireless carriers will demonstrate some of the pitfalls. - -## Wireless carriers and 5G - -Technically, 5G is available in the U.S. today. But the caveats involved in that statement vary from carrier to carrier, demonstrating the long road that still lies ahead before 5G becomes omnipresent. - -Verizon is making probably the biggest early 5G push. It announced [5G Home][14] in parts of four cities in October of 2018, a service that requires using a special 5G hotspot to connect to the network and feed it to your other devices via Wi-Fi. - -Verizon planned an April rollout of a [mobile service in Minneapolis and Chicago][15], which will spread to other cities over the course of the year. Accessing the 5G network will cost customers an extra monthly fee plus what they’ll have to spend on a phone that can actually connect to it (more on that in a moment). As an added wrinkle, Verizon is deploying what it calls [5G TF][16], which doesn't match up with the 5G NR standard. - -AT&T [announced the availability of 5G in 12 U.S. cities in December 2018][17], with nine more coming by the end of 2019, but even in those cities, availability is limited to the downtown areas. To use the network requires a special Netgear hotspot that connects to the service, then provides a Wi-Fi signal to phones and other devices. - -Meanwhile, AT&T is also rolling out speed boosts to its 4G network, which it's dubbed 5GE even though these improvements aren't related to 5G networking. ([This is causing backlash][18].) - -Sprint will have 5G service in parts of four cities by May of 2019, and five more by the end of the year. But while Sprint's 5G offering makes use of massive MIMO cells, they [aren't using millimeter-wave signals][19], meaning that Sprint users won't see as much of a speed boost as customers of other carriers. - -T-Mobile is pursuing a similar model,and it [won't roll out its service until the end of 2019][20] because there won't be any phones to connect to it. - -One kink that might stop a rapid spread of 5G is the need to spread out all those small-cell base stations. Their small size and low power requirements make them easier to deploy than current 4G tech in a technical sense, but that doesn't mean it's simple to convince governments and property owners to install dozens of them everywhere. Verizon actually set up a [website that you can use to petition your local elected officials][21] to speed up 5G base station deployment. - -## **5G phones: When available? When to buy?** - -The first major 5G phone to be announced is the Samsung Galaxy S10 5G, which should be available by the end of the summer of 2019. You can also order a "[Moto Mod][22]" from Verizon, which [transforms Moto Z3 phones into 5G-compatible device][23]s. - -But unless you can't resist the lure of being an early adopter, you may wish to hold off for a bit; some of the quirks and looming questions about carrier rollout may mean that you end up with a phone that [isn't compatible with your carrier's entire 5G network][24]. - -One laggard that may surprise you is Apple: analysts believe that there won't be a [5G-compatible iPhone until 2020 at the earliest][25]. But this isn't out of character for the company; Apple [also lagged behind Samsung in releasing 4G-compatible phones][26] in back in 2012. - -Still, the 5G flood is coming. 5G-compatible devices [dominated Barcelona's Mobile World Congress in 2019][3], so expect to have a lot more choice on the horizon. - -## Why are people talking about 6G already? - -Some experts say [5G won’t be able to meet the latency and reliability targets][27] it is shooting for. These skeptics are already looking ahead to 6G, which they say will try to address these projected shortcomings. - -There is [a group that is researching new technologies that can be rolled into 6G][28] that calls itself - -The Center for Converged TeraHertz Communications and Sensing (ComSenTer). Part of the spec they’re working on calls for 100Gbps speed for every device. - -In addition to adding reliability, overcoming reliability and boosting speed, 6G is also trying to enable thousands of simultaneous connections. If successful, this feature could help to network IoT devices, which can be deployed in the thousands as sensors in a variety of industrial settings. - -Even in its embryonic form, 6G may already be facing security concerns due to the emergence of newly discovered [potential for man-in-the-middle attacks in tera-hertz based networks][29]. The good news is that there’s plenty of time to find solutions to the problem. 6G networks aren’t expected to start rolling out until 2030. - -**More about 5g networks:** - - * [How enterprises can prep for 5G networks][30] - * [5G vs 4G: How speed, latency and apps support differ][31] - * [Private 5G networks are coming][32] - * [5G and 6G wireless have security issues][33] - * [How millimeter-wave wireless could help support 5G and IoT][34] - - - -Join the Network World communities on [Facebook][35] and [LinkedIn][36] to comment on topics that are top of mind. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3203489/what-is-5g-how-is-it-better-than-4g.html#tk.rss_all - -作者：[Josh Fruhlinger][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Josh-Fruhlinger/ -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: https://images.techhive.com/images/article/2017/04/5g-100718139-large.jpg -[2]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3203489/what-is-5g-wireless-networking-benefits-standards-availability-versus-lte.html -[3]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3354477/mobile-world-congress-the-time-of-5g-is-almost-here.html -[4]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3330603/5g-versus-4g-how-speed-latency-and-application-support-differ.html -[5]: https://www.theverge.com/2018/6/15/17467734/5g-nr-standard-3gpp-standalone-finished -[6]: https://pluralsight.pxf.io/c/321564/424552/7490?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pluralsight.com%2Fcourses%2Fmobile-device-management-big-picture -[7]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3291323/millimeter-wave-wireless-could-help-support-5g-and-iot.html -[8]: https://spectrum.ieee.org/video/telecom/wireless/5g-bytes-small-cells-explained -[9]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3250268/what-is-mu-mimo-and-why-you-need-it-in-your-wireless-routers.html -[10]: https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/telecom/wireless/5g-researchers-achieve-new-spectrum-efficiency-record -[11]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3262991/future-wireless-networks-will-have-no-capacity-limits.html -[12]: https://venturebeat.com/2018/05/14/worlds-first-commercial-5g-network-launches-in-qatar/ -[13]: https://www.lifewire.com/5g-availability-world-4156244 -[14]: https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/verizon-5g-home-promises-up-to-gigabit-internet-speeds-for-50/ -[15]: https://lifehacker.com/heres-your-cheat-sheet-for-verizons-new-5g-data-plans-1833278817 -[16]: https://www.theverge.com/2018/10/2/17927712/verizon-5g-home-internet-real-speed-meaning -[17]: https://www.cnn.com/2018/12/18/tech/5g-mobile-att/index.html -[18]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3339720/like-4g-before-it-5g-is-being-hyped.html?nsdr=true -[19]: https://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/sprint-5g-rollout/ -[20]: https://www.cnet.com/news/t-mobile-delays-full-600-mhz-5g-launch-until-second-half/ -[21]: https://lets5g.com/ -[22]: https://www.verizonwireless.com/support/5g-moto-mod-faqs/?AID=11365093&SID=100098X1555750Xbc2e857934b22ebca1a0570d5ba93b7c&vendorid=CJM&PUBID=7105813&cjevent=2e2150cb478c11e98183013b0a1c0e0c -[23]: https://www.digitaltrends.com/cell-phone-reviews/moto-z3-review/ -[24]: https://www.businessinsider.com/samsung-galaxy-s10-5g-which-us-cities-have-5g-networks-2019-2 -[25]: https://www.cnet.com/news/why-apples-in-no-rush-to-sell-you-a-5g-iphone/ -[26]: https://mashable.com/2012/09/09/iphone-5-4g-lte/#hYyQUelYo8qq -[27]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3305359/6g-will-achieve-terabits-per-second-speeds.html -[28]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3285112/get-ready-for-upcoming-6g-wireless-too.html -[29]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3315626/5g-and-6g-wireless-technologies-have-security-issues.html -[30]: https://%20https//www.networkworld.com/article/3306720/mobile-wireless/how-enterprises-can-prep-for-5g.html -[31]: https://%20https//www.networkworld.com/article/3330603/mobile-wireless/5g-versus-4g-how-speed-latency-and-application-support-differ.html -[32]: https://%20https//www.networkworld.com/article/3319176/mobile-wireless/private-5g-networks-are-coming.html -[33]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3315626/network-security/5g-and-6g-wireless-technologies-have-security-issues.html -[34]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3291323/mobile-wireless/millimeter-wave-wireless-could-help-support-5g-and-iot.html -[35]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/ -[36]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world From 01fd88b8848c9028a9022adee5f151424155c0c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9D=8E=E5=8D=9A?= <1594914459@qq.com> Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2019 18:31:01 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 3/9] =?UTF-8?q?=E7=94=B3=E9=A2=86=E7=BF=BB=E8=AF=91?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- ...isk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md b/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md index f4084302b8..bb1fd109b0 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md +++ b/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: translator: (warmfrog) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) From 03d87fd8673fddc20c185cfb66c0520244b8fd3c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9D=8E=E5=8D=9A?= <1594914459@qq.com> Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2019 18:32:14 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 4/9] no --- ...isk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md b/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md index bb1fd109b0..f4084302b8 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md +++ b/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: (warmfrog) +[#]: translator: ( ) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) From 1bd3eb8cb529cffb640a221ebc9bc707e2d4a321 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Xingyu.Wang" Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2019 20:04:53 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 5/9] =?UTF-8?q?PRF&PUB:20190418=20Ubuntu=2019.04=20?= =?UTF-8?q?=E2=80=98Disco=20Dingo=20=20Has=20Arrived=20=20Downloads=20Avai?= =?UTF-8?q?lable=20Now=20(#13451)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * PRF:20190418 Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo- Has Arrived- Downloads Available Now.md @geekpi * PUB:20190418 Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo- Has Arrived- Downloads Available Now.md @geekpi https://linux.cn/article-10795-1.html --- ...ngo- Has Arrived- Downloads Available Now.md | 38 +++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-) rename {translated/tech => published}/20190418 Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo- Has Arrived- Downloads Available Now.md (70%) diff --git a/translated/tech/20190418 Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo- Has Arrived- Downloads Available Now.md b/published/20190418 Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo- Has Arrived- Downloads Available Now.md similarity index 70% rename from translated/tech/20190418 Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo- Has Arrived- Downloads Available Now.md rename to published/20190418 Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo- Has Arrived- Downloads Available Now.md index caa893dfbc..3f1647eccb 100644 --- a/translated/tech/20190418 Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo- Has Arrived- Downloads Available Now.md +++ b/published/20190418 Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo- Has Arrived- Downloads Available Now.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) [#]: translator: (geekpi) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: reviewer: (wxy) +[#]: publisher: (wxy) +[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-10795-1.html) [#]: subject: (Ubuntu 19.04 ‘Disco Dingo’ Has Arrived: Downloads Available Now!) [#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-19-04-release/) [#]: author: (Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/) -Ubuntu 19.04 “Disco Dingo” 已经发布：立即下载！ +下载安装 Ubuntu 19.04 “Disco Dingo” ====== -现在可以下载 Disco 了！为什么？Ubuntu 19.04 “Disco Dingo” 就在这里，终于可以下载了。虽然我们已经知道 [Ubuntu 19.04 中的新功能][1] - 我将在下面提到一些重要的事情，还会给出官方的下载链接。 +Ubuntu 19.04 “Disco Dingo” 已经发布，可以下载了。虽然我们已经知道 [Ubuntu 19.04 中的新功能][1] —— 我将在下面提到一些重要的地方，还会给出官方的下载链接。 ### Ubuntu 19.04：你需要知道什么 @@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ Ubuntu 19.04 “Disco Dingo” 已经发布：立即下载！ #### Ubuntu 19.04 不是 LTS 版本 -与 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 不同，它不会[受支持 10 年][2]。相反，非 LTS 的 19.04 将支持 **9 个月，直到 2020 年 1 月。** +与 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 不同，它不会[支持 10 年][2]。相反，非 LTS 的 19.04 将支持 **9 个月，直到 2020 年 1 月。** -因此，如果你有生产环境，我们可能不会立即建议你进行升级。例如，如果你有一台运行在 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 上的服务器 - 将它升级到 19.04 可能不是一个好主意，因为它是一个令人兴奋的版本。 +因此，如果你有生产环境，我们可能不会立即建议你进行升级。例如，如果你有一台运行在 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 上的服务器 —— 只是因为它是一个新的版本就将它升级到 19.04 可能不是一个好主意。 但是，对于希望在计算机上安装最新版本的用户，可以尝试一下。 @@ -28,23 +28,25 @@ Ubuntu 19.04 “Disco Dingo” 已经发布：立即下载！ #### Ubuntu 19.04 对 NVIDIA GPU 用户是个不错的更新 -_Martin Wimpress_（来自 Canonical）在 Ubuntu MATE 19.04（Ubuntu 版本之一）的 [GitHub][4] 的最终发布说明中提到 Ubuntu 19.04 对 NVIDIA GPU 用户来说特别重要。 +Martin Wimpress（来自 Canonical）在 Ubuntu MATE 19.04（Ubuntu 版本之一）的 [GitHub][4] 的最终发布说明中提到 Ubuntu 19.04 对 NVIDIA GPU 用户来说特别重要。 -换句话说，在安装专有图形驱动时 - 它现在会选择与你特定 GPU 型号兼容最佳的驱动程序。 +换句话说，在安装专有图形驱动时 —— 它现在会选择与你特定 GPU 型号兼容最佳的驱动程序。 #### Ubuntu 19.04 功能 -尽管我们已经讨论过 [Ubuntu 19.04][1] Disco Dingo 的[最佳功能][1]，但值得一提的是，我对本次发布的主要变化：桌面更新 （GNOME 3.32） 和 Linux 内核 （5.0） 感到兴奋。。 +- https://youtu.be/sbbPYdpdMb8 + +尽管我们已经讨论过 [Ubuntu 19.04][1] Disco Dingo 的[最佳功能][1]，但值得一提的是，我对本次发布的主要变化：桌面更新 （GNOME 3.32） 和 Linux 内核 （5.0）感到兴奋。 #### 从 Ubuntu 18.10 升级到 19.04 -显而易见，如果你安装了 Ubuntu 18.10，你应该升级它。18.10 将于 2019 年 7 月停止支持 - 所以我们建议你将其升级到 19.04。 +显而易见，如果你安装了 Ubuntu 18.10，你应该升级它。18.10 将于 2019 年 7 月停止支持 —— 所以我们建议你将其升级到 19.04。 -要做到这一点，你可以直接进入“**软件和更新**”设置，然后选择“**更新**”选项卡。 +要做到这一点，你可以直接进入“软件和更新”设置，然后选择“更新”选项卡。 -现在将选项从**通知我新的 Ubuntu 版本** 变成 “_任何新版本都通知我_” +现在将选项从“通知我新的 Ubuntu 版本” 变成 “任何新版本都通知我”。 -现在运行更新管理器时，你应该会看到 Ubuntu 19.04。 +现在再次运行更新管理器时，你应该会看到 Ubuntu 19.04。 ![][5] @@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ _Martin Wimpress_（来自 Canonical）在 Ubuntu MATE 19.04（Ubuntu 版本之 根据[发行说明][6]，现在可以下载 Ubuntu 19.04。你可以在其官方发布下载页面上获取种子或 ISO 文件。 -[Download Ubuntu 19.04][7] +- [下载 Ubuntu 19.04][7] 如果你需要不同的桌面环境或需要特定的东西，你应该查看 Ubuntu 的官方版本： @@ -69,11 +71,9 @@ _Martin Wimpress_（来自 Canonical）在 Ubuntu MATE 19.04（Ubuntu 版本之 * [Ubuntu Studio][12] * [Xubuntu][13] - - 上面提到的一些 Ubuntu 版本还没有在页面提供 19.04。但你可以[仍然在 Ubuntu 的发行说明网页上找到 ISO][6]。就个人而言，我使用带 GNOME 桌面的 Ubuntu。你可以选择你喜欢的。 -**总结** +### 总结 你如何看待 Ubuntu 19.04 Disco Dingo？这些新功能是否足够令人兴奋？你试过了吗？请在下面的评论中告诉我们。 @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ via: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-19-04-release/ 作者：[Ankush Das][a] 选题：[lujun9972][b] 译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 From 3eec48d42c603ba4a52dad6ad5bb9d7bdb65bb44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: warmfrog <1594914459@qq.com> Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2019 20:13:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 6/9] =?UTF-8?q?=E7=94=B3=E9=A2=86=E7=BF=BB=E8=AF=91=20(#13?= =?UTF-8?q?452)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * 申领翻译 * delete 5G * 申领翻译 --- ...isk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md b/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md index f4084302b8..bb1fd109b0 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md +++ b/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: translator: (warmfrog) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) From c48cccb32f6dc69e9b665a525db5c4b795be8a0f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: warmfrog <1594914459@qq.com> Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2019 20:14:06 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 7/9] =?UTF-8?q?=E7=94=B3=E9=A2=86=E7=BF=BB=E8=AF=91=20(#13?= =?UTF-8?q?453)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * 申领翻译 * delete 5G * 申领翻译 * no * 申领翻译 --- .../tech/20190419 This is how System76 does open hardware.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/sources/tech/20190419 This is how System76 does open hardware.md b/sources/tech/20190419 This is how System76 does open hardware.md index 7f0ca3e479..9fc742ad30 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190419 This is how System76 does open hardware.md +++ b/sources/tech/20190419 This is how System76 does open hardware.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: translator: (warmfrog) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) From dc1f6188edd16b83311b58ea1ae5c066851b678b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=BC=A0=E6=95=A6=E9=94=8B?= <289716347@qq.com> Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2019 22:30:01 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 8/9] translated --- ...their jobs -- despite the heavy demands.md | 73 ----------------- ...their jobs -- despite the heavy demands.md | 81 +++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 81 insertions(+), 73 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 sources/talk/20190418 Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands.md create mode 100644 translated/talk/20190418 Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands.md diff --git a/sources/talk/20190418 Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands.md b/sources/talk/20190418 Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands.md deleted file mode 100644 index af966b072c..0000000000 --- a/sources/talk/20190418 Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,73 +0,0 @@ -[#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: (arrowfeng) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) -[#]: subject: (Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands) -[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3389359/most-data-center-workers-happy-with-their-jobs-despite-the-heavy-demands.html#tk.rss_all) -[#]: author: (Andy Patrizio https://www.networkworld.com/author/Andy-Patrizio/) - -Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands -====== -An Informa Engage and Data Center Knowledge survey finds data center workers are content with their jobs, so much so they would encourage their children to go into that line of work. -![Thinkstock][1] - -A [survey conducted by Informa Engage and Data Center Knowledge][2] finds data center workers overall are content with their job, so much so they would encourage their children to go into that line of work despite the heavy demands on time and their brain. - -Overall satisfaction is pretty good, with 72% of respondents generally agreeing with the statement “I love my current job,” while a third strongly agreed. And 75% agreed with the statement, “If my child, niece or nephew asked, I’d recommend getting into IT.” - -**[ Also read:[20 hot jobs ambitious IT pros should shoot for][3] ]** - -And there is a feeling of significance among data center workers, with 88% saying they feel they are very important to the success of their employer. - -That’s despite some challenges, not the least of which is a skills and certification shortage. Survey respondents cite a lack of skills as the biggest area of concern. Only 56% felt they had the training necessary to do their job, and 74% said they had been in the IT industry for more than a decade. - -The industry offers certification programs, every major IT hardware provider has them, but 61% said they have not completed or renewed certificates in the past 12 months. There are several reasons why. - -A third (34%) said it was due to a lack of a training budget at their organization, while 24% cited a lack of time, 16% said management doesn’t see a need for training, and 16% cited no training plans within their workplace. - -That doesn’t surprise me, since tech is one of the most open industries in the world where you can find training or educational materials and teach yourself. It’s already established that [many coders are self-taught][4], including industry giants Bill Gates, Steve Wozniak, John Carmack, and Jack Dorsey. - -**[[Looking to upgrade your career in tech? This comprehensive online course teaches you how.][5] ]** - -### Data center workers' salaries - -Data center workers can’t complain about the pay. Well, most can’t, as 50% make $100,000 per year or more, but 11% make less than $40,000. Two-thirds of those surveyed are in the U.S., so those on the low end might be outside the country. - -There was one notable discrepancy. Steve Brown, managing director of London-based Datacenter People, noted that software engineers get paid a lot better than the hardware people. - -“The software engineering side of the data center is comparable to the highest-earning professions,” Brown said in the report. “On the physical infrastructure — the mechanical/electrical side — it’s not quite the case. It’s more equivalent to mid-level management.” - -### Data center professionals still predominantly male - -The least surprising finding? Nine out of 10 survey respondents were male. The industry is bending over backwards to fix the gender imbalance, but so far nothing has changed. - -The conclusion of the report is a bit ominous, but I also think is wrong: - -> “As data center infrastructure completes its transition to a cloud computing model, and software moves into containers and microservices, the remaining, treasured leaders of the data center workforce — people who acquired their skills in the 20th century — may find themselves with nothing recognizable they can manage and no-one to lead. We may be shocked when the crisis finally hits, but we won’t be able to say we weren’t warned.” - -How many times do I have to say it, [the data center is not going away][6]. - -Join the Network World communities on [Facebook][7] and [LinkedIn][8] to comment on topics that are top of mind. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3389359/most-data-center-workers-happy-with-their-jobs-despite-the-heavy-demands.html#tk.rss_all - -作者：[Andy Patrizio][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Andy-Patrizio/ -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: https://images.idgesg.net/images/article/2018/02/data_center_thinkstock_879720438-100749725-large.jpg -[2]: https://informa.tradepub.com/c/pubRD.mpl?sr=oc&_t=oc:&qf=w_dats04&ch=datacenterkids -[3]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3276025/20-hot-jobs-ambitious-it-pros-should-shoot-for.html -[4]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3046178/survey-finds-most-coders-are-self-taught.html -[5]: https://pluralsight.pxf.io/c/321564/424552/7490?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pluralsight.com%2Fpaths%2Fupgrading-your-technology-career -[6]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3289509/two-studies-show-the-data-center-is-thriving-instead-of-dying.html -[7]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/ -[8]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world diff --git a/translated/talk/20190418 Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands.md b/translated/talk/20190418 Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0a7eedfffb --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/talk/20190418 Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands.md @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: (arrowfeng) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (Most data center workers happy with their jobs -- despite the heavy demands) +[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3389359/most-data-center-workers-happy-with-their-jobs-despite-the-heavy-demands.html#tk.rss_all) +[#]: author: (Andy Patrizio https://www.networkworld.com/author/Andy-Patrizio/) + +许多数据中心的工作者很满意他们的工作 -- 尽管要求很高 +====== +一份从事和数据中心知识的报告调查发现，在数据中心工作的人很满意他们的工作，因此他们将会鼓励他们的孩子从事这份工作。 +![Thinkstock][1] + + +一份由[从事和数据中心知识][2]主导的调查报告显示，数据中心的工作者总体上对他们的工作很满意。尽管对时间和大脑的要求很高，但是他们还是鼓励自己的孩子能从事这项工作。 + +总体满意度非常好，72％的受访者普遍同意“我喜欢我目前的工作”这一说法，三分之一的受访者则表示非常同意。 75％的人同意声明，“如果我的孩子，侄女或侄子问，我将建议他们进入IT行业。” + +**[ 另请阅读:[雄心壮志的IT专业人士为之奋斗的20个热门职位][3] ]** + +在数据中心工作的员工之中，有一种很重要的感觉，88%的人觉得他们自己对于雇主的成功非常重要。 + +尽管存在一些挑战，其中最主要的是技能和认证的缺乏。 调查的受访者认为缺乏技能是最受关注的领域。 只有56％的人认为他们有完成工作所需的培训，74％的人表示他们已经在IT行业工作了十多年。 + +这个行业提供认证计划，每个主要的IT硬件供应商都有它们，但是61%的人表示在过去的12月里他们并没有完成或者重新续订证书。有几个原因。 + + +三分之一（34%）说是由于他们工作的组织缺乏培训预算，而24%的人认为是缺乏时间，16%的人表示管理者认为不需要培训，和另外16%的人表示在他们的工作地点没有培训计划。 + + +这并不让我感到惊讶，因为科技是世界上最开放的行业之一，在那里你可以找到培训和教育材料并自学。已经证实了[许多程序员是自学成才][4]，包括行业巨头比尔盖茨，史蒂夫沃兹尼亚克，约翰卡马克和杰克多尔西。 + +**[[需要去提升你的技术职业生涯？这个全面的在线课程将教你如何去做。][5]** + + +### 数据中心工作者们的薪水 + +数据中心工作者不会抱怨酬劳。当然，大部分不会。50%的人每年可以赚到$100,000甚至更多，然而11%的人赚的少于$40,000。三分之二的受访者来自于美国，因此那些低端人士可能在国外。 + +有一个值得注意的差异。史蒂夫布朗是伦敦数据中心人力资源的总经理，他说软件工程师获得的薪水比硬件工程师多。 + + +布朗在这篇报道中说，“数据中心软件工程方面的工作可以与高收入的职业媲美，在物理基础设施——机械/电气方面的工作——情况并非如此。它更像是中层管理” + + +### 数据中心的专业人士仍然主要是男性 + +最不令人惊讶的发现？10个受访者中有9个是男性。该行业正在调整解决性别歧视问题，但是现在没什么改变。 + + +这篇报告的结论有一点不详，但是我认为是错的： +> "随着数据中心基础设施完成云计算模式的过渡，软件进入到容器和微服务时代，数据中心剩下来的珍贵领导者——在20世界获得技能的人——可能会发现没有任何他们认识的东西能管理和没人去领导。当危机最终来临时，我们可能会感到震惊，但是我们不能说我们没有受到警告。" + + + +多少次我不得不说，[数据中心不会消失][6]。 + +加入[Facebook][7]和[Facebook][7]的网络世界社区，评论最重要的话题。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3389359/most-data-center-workers-happy-with-their-jobs-despite-the-heavy-demands.html#tk.rss_all + +作者：[Andy Patrizio][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[arrowfeng](https://github.com/arrowfeng) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Andy-Patrizio/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://images.idgesg.net/images/article/2018/02/data_center_thinkstock_879720438-100749725-large.jpg +[2]: https://informa.tradepub.com/c/pubRD.mpl?sr=oc&_t=oc:&qf=w_dats04&ch=datacenterkids +[3]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3276025/20-hot-jobs-ambitious-it-pros-should-shoot-for.html +[4]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3046178/survey-finds-most-coders-are-self-taught.html +[5]: https://pluralsight.pxf.io/c/321564/424552/7490?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pluralsight.com%2Fpaths%2Fupgrading-your-technology-career +[6]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3289509/two-studies-show-the-data-center-is-thriving-instead-of-dying.html +[7]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/ +[8]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world From 053d91206e89a39090e9515b67712f50d3fc0f5b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9D=8E=E5=8D=9A?= <1594914459@qq.com> Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2019 23:27:19 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 9/9] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=8F=90=E4=BA=A4=E8=AF=91=E6=96=87?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- ...sing iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md | 114 +++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 56 insertions(+), 58 deletions(-) rename {sources => translated}/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md (63%) diff --git a/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md b/translated/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md similarity index 63% rename from sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md rename to translated/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md index bb1fd109b0..ffececb666 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md +++ b/translated/tech/20190423 How To Monitor Disk I-O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux.md @@ -7,78 +7,76 @@ [#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/check-monitor-disk-io-in-linux-using-iotop-iostat-command/) [#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/) -How To Monitor Disk I/O Activity Using iotop And iostat Commands In Linux? -====== +在 Linux 中如何使用 iotop 和 iostat 监控磁盘 I/O 活动？ +=================================================== -Do you know what are the tools we can use for troubleshooting or monitoring real-time disk activity in Linux? +你知道在 Linux 中我们使用什么工具检修和监控实时的磁盘活动吗？ -If **[Linux system performance][1]** gets slow down we may use **[top command][2]** to see the system performance. +如果 **[Linux 系统性能][1]**变慢，我们会用 **[top 命令][12]** 来查看系统性能。 -It is used to check what are the processes are consuming high utilization on server. +它被用来检查是什么进程在服务器上占有如此高的使用率。 -It’s common for most of the Linux administrator. +对于大多数 Linux 系统管理员来说很常见。 -It’s widely used by Linux administrator in the real world. +现实世界中被 Linux 系统管理员广泛采用。 -If you don’t see much difference in the process output still you have an option to check other things. +如果在进程输出中你没有看到很大的不同，你仍然有选择查看其他东西。 -I would like to advise you to check `wa` status in the top output because most of the time the server performance will be degraded due to high I/O Read and Write on hard disk. +我会建议你在 top 输出中检查 `wa` 状态因为大多数时间服务器性能由于在硬盘上的高 I/O 读和写降低了性能。 -If it’s high or fluctuation, it could be a cause. So, we need to check I/O activity on hard drive. +如果它很高或者波动，很可能就是它造成的。因此，我们需要检查硬盘上的 I/O 活动。 -We can monitory disk I/O statistics for all disks and file system in Linux system using `iotop` and `iostat` commands. +我们可以在 Linux 中使用 `iotop` 和 `iostat` 命令监控所有的磁盘和文件系统的磁盘 I/O 统计。 -### What Is iotop? +### 什么是 iotop？ -iotop is a top-like utility for displaying real-time disk activity. +iotop 是一个类似 top 的工具来显示实时的磁盘活动。 -iotop watches I/O usage information output by the Linux kernel and displays a table of current I/O usage by processes or threads on the system. +iotop 监控 Linux 内核输出的 I/O 使用信息并且显示一个系统中进程或线程的当前 I/O 使用情况。 -It displays the I/O bandwidth read and written by each process/thread. It also displays the percentage of time the thread/process spent while swapping in and while waiting on I/O. +它显示每个进程/线程读写 I/O 带宽。它同样显示当等待换入和等待 I/O 的线程/进程 时间花费的百分比。 -Total DISK READ and Total DISK WRITE values represent total read and write bandwidth between processes and kernel threads on the one side and kernel block device subsystem on the other. +Total DISK READ 和 Total DISK WRITE 的值表示了一方面进程和内核线程之间的总的读写带宽，另一方面表示内核块设备子系统的。 -Actual DISK READ and Actual DISK WRITE values represent corresponding bandwidths for actual disk I/O between kernel block device subsystem and underlying hardware (HDD, SSD, etc.). +Actual DISK READ 和 Actual DISK WRITE 的值表示在内核块设备子系统和下面硬件（HDD，SSD，等等。）对应的实际磁盘 I/O 带宽。 -### How To Install iotop In Linux? +### 如何在 Linux 中安装 iotop ？ -We can easily install it with help of package manager since the package is available in all the Linux distributions repository. +我们可以轻松在包管理器的帮助下安装，因为该软件包在所有的 Linux 发行版仓库中都可以获得。 -For **`Fedora`** system, use **[DNF Command][3]** to install iotop. +对于 **`Fedora`** 系统，使用 **[DNF 命令][3]** 来安装 iotop。 ``` $ sudo dnf install iotop ``` -For **`Debian/Ubuntu`** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][4]** or **[APT Command][5]** to install iotop. +对于 **`Debian/Ubuntu`** 系统，使用 **[API-GET 命令][4]** 或者 **[APT 命令][5]** 来安装 iotop。 ``` $ sudo apt install iotop ``` -For **`Arch Linux`** based systems, use **[Pacman Command][6]** to install iotop. +对于基于 **`Arch Linux`** 的系统，使用 **[Pacman Command][6]** 来安装 iotop。 ``` $ sudo pacman -S iotop ``` -For **`RHEL/CentOS`** systems, use **[YUM Command][7]** to install iotop. +对于 **`RHEL/CentOS`** 的系统，使用 **[YUM Command][7]** 来安装 iotop。 ``` $ sudo yum install iotop ``` -For **`openSUSE Leap`** system, use **[Zypper Command][8]** to install iotop. +对于使用 **`openSUSE Leap`** 的系统，使用 **[Zypper Command][8]** 来安装 iotop。 ``` $ sudo zypper install iotop ``` -### How To Monitor Disk I/O Activity/Statistics In Linux Using iotop Command? +### 在 Linux 中如何使用 iotop 命令来监控磁盘 I/O 活动/统计？ -There are many options are available in iotop command to check varies statistics about disk I/O. - -Run the iotop command without any arguments to see each process or thread current I/O usage. +iotop 命令有很多参数来检查关于磁盘 I/O 的变化 ``` # iotop @@ -86,7 +84,7 @@ Run the iotop command without any arguments to see each process or thread curren [![][9]![][9]][10] -If you would like to check which process are actually doing IO then run the iotop command with `-o` or `--only` option. +如果你想检查那个进程实际在做 I/O，那么运行 iotop 命令加上 `-o` 或者 `--only` 参数。 ``` # iotop --only @@ -94,66 +92,66 @@ If you would like to check which process are actually doing IO then run the ioto [![][9]![][9]][11] -**Details:** +**细节：** - * **`IO:`** It shows I/O utilization for each process, which includes disk and swap. - * **`SWAPIN:`** It shows only the swap usage of each process. + * **`IO:`** 它显示每个进程的 I/O 利用率，包含磁盘和交换。 + * **`SWAPIN:`** 它只显示每个进程的交换使用率。 -### What Is iostat? +### 什么是 iostat？ -iostat is used to report Central Processing Unit (CPU) statistics and input/output statistics for devices and partitions. +iostat 被用来报告中央处理单元（CPU）的统计和设备与分区的输出/输出的统计。 -The iostat command is used for monitoring system input/output device loading by observing the time the devices are active in relation to their average transfer rates. +iostat 命令通过观察与他们平均传输率相关的设备活跃时间来监控系统输入/输出设备载入。 -The iostat command generates reports that can be used to change system configuration to better balance the input/output load between physical disks. +iostat 命令生成的报告可以被用来改变系统配置来更好的平衡物理磁盘之间的输入/输出负载。 -All statistics are reported each time the iostat command is run. The report consists of a CPU header row followed by a row of CPU statistics. +所有的统计都在 iostat 命令每次运行时被报告。该报告包含一个 CPU 头部，后面是一行 CPU 统计。 -On multiprocessor systems, CPU statistics are calculated system-wide as averages among all processors. A device header row is displayed followed by a line of statistics for each device that is configured. +在多处理器系统中，CPU 统计被计算为系统层面的所有处理器的平均值。一个设备头行显示后紧跟一行每个配置设备的统计。 -The iostat command generates two types of reports, the CPU Utilization report and the Device Utilization report. +iostat 命令生成两种类型的报告，CPU 利用率报告和设备利用率报告。 -### How To Install iostat In Linux? +### 在 Linux 中怎样安装 iostat？ -iostat tool is part of sysstat package so, We can easily install it with help of package manager since the package is available in all the Linux distributions repository. +iostat 工具是 sysstat 包的一部分，所以我们可以轻松地在包管理器地帮助下安装因为在所有的 Linux 发行版的仓库都是可以获得的。 -For **`Fedora`** system, use **[DNF Command][3]** to install sysstat. +对于 **`Fedora`** 系统，使用 **[DNF Command][3]** 来安装 sysstat。 ``` $ sudo dnf install sysstat ``` -For **`Debian/Ubuntu`** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][4]** or **[APT Command][5]** to install sysstat. +对于 **`Debian/Ubuntu`** 系统，使用 **[APT-GET Command][4]** 或者 **[APT Command][5]** 来安装 sysstat。 ``` $ sudo apt install sysstat ``` -For **`Arch Linux`** based systems, use **[Pacman Command][6]** to install sysstat. +对于基于 **`Arch Linux`** 的系统，使用 **[Pacman Command][6]** 来安装 sysstat。 ``` $ sudo pacman -S sysstat ``` -For **`RHEL/CentOS`** systems, use **[YUM Command][7]** to install sysstat. +对于 **`RHEL/CentOS`** 系统，使用 **[YUM Command][7]** 来安装 sysstat。 ``` $ sudo yum install sysstat ``` -For **`openSUSE Leap`** system, use **[Zypper Command][8]** to install sysstat. +对于 **`openSUSE Leap`** 系统，使用 **[Zypper Command][8]** 来安装 sysstat。 ``` $ sudo zypper install sysstat ``` -### How To Monitor Disk I/O Activity/Statistics In Linux Using sysstat Command? +### 在 Linux 中如何使用 sysstat 命令监控磁盘 I/O 活动/统计？ -There are many options are available in iostat command to check varies statistics about disk I/O and CPU. +在 iostat 命令中有很多参数来检查关于 I/O 和 CPU 的变化统计信息。 -Run the iostat command without any arguments to see complete statistics of the system. +不加参数运行 iostat 命令会看到完整的系统统计。 ``` # iostat @@ -171,7 +169,7 @@ loop1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1093 loop2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1077 0 0 ``` -Run the iostat command with `-d` option to see I/O statistics for all the devices +运行 iostat 命令加上 `-d` 参数查看所有设备的 I/O 统计。 ``` # iostat -d @@ -186,7 +184,7 @@ loop1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1093 loop2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1077 0 0 ``` -Run the iostat command with `-p` option to see I/O statistics for all the devices and their partitions. +运行 iostat 命令加上 `-p` 参数查看所有的设备和分区的 I/O 统计。 ``` # iostat -p @@ -208,7 +206,7 @@ loop1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1093 loop2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1077 0 0 ``` -Run the iostat command with `-x` option to see detailed I/O statistics for all the devices. +运行 iostat 命令加上 `-x` 参数显示所有设备的详细的 I/O 统计信息。 ``` # iostat -x @@ -226,7 +224,7 @@ loop1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 12.86 0.00 0. loop2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.38 19.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ``` -Run the iostat command with `-d [Device_Name]` option to see I/O statistics of particular device and their partitions. +运行 iostat 命令加上 `-d [设备名]` 参数查看具体设备和它的分区的 I/O 统计信息。 ``` # iostat -p [Device_Name] @@ -244,7 +242,7 @@ sda2 0.18 6.76 80.21 0.00 3112916 36924 sda1 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 3224 0 0 ``` -Run the iostat command with `-m` option to see I/O statistics with `MB` for all the devices instead of `KB`. By default it shows the output with KB. +运行 iostat 命令加上 `-m` 参数以 `MB` 为单位而不是 `KB` 查看所有设备的统计。默认以 KB 显示输出。 ``` # iostat -m @@ -262,7 +260,7 @@ loop1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 loop2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 ``` -Run the iostat command with certain interval then use the following format. In this example, we are going to capture totally two reports at five seconds interval. +运行 iostat 命令使用特定的间隔使用如下的格式。在这个例子中，我们打算以 5 秒捕获的间隔捕获两个报告。 ``` # iostat [Interval] [Number Of Reports] @@ -292,7 +290,7 @@ loop1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 loop2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 ``` -Run the iostat command with `-N` option to see the LVM disk I/O statistics report. +运行 iostat 命令 与 `-N` 参数来查看 LVM 磁盘 I/O 统计报告。 ``` # iostat -N @@ -309,7 +307,7 @@ sdc 0.01 0.12 0.00 2108 0 2g-2gvol1 0.00 0.07 0.00 1204 0 ``` -Run the nfsiostat command to see the I/O statistics for Network File System(NFS). +运行 nfsiostat 命令来查看 Network File System（NFS）的 I/O 统计。 ``` # nfsiostat @@ -321,7 +319,7 @@ via: https://www.2daygeek.com/check-monitor-disk-io-in-linux-using-iotop-iostat- 作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a] 选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +译者：[warmfrog](https://github.com/warmfrog) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出