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translating---geekpi
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ELRepo – Community Repo for Enterprise Linux (RHEL, CentOS & SL)
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============================================================
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If you are using an Enterprise Linux distribution (Red Hat Enterprise Linux or one of its derivatives, such as CentOS or Scientific Linux) and need support for specific or new hardware, you are in the right place.
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In this article we will discuss how to enable the ELRepo repository, a software source that includes everything from filesystem drivers to webcam drivers with everything in between (support for graphics, network cards, sound devices, and even [new kernels][1]).
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### Enabling ELRepo in Enterprise Linux
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Although ELRepo is a third-party repository, it is well supported by an active community on Freenode (#elrepo) and a mailing list for users.
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If you are still apprehensive about adding an independent repository to your software sources, note that the CentOS project lists it as trustworthy in its wiki ([see here][2]). If you still have concerns, feel free to ask away in the comments!
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It is important to note that ELRepo not only provides support for Enterprise Linux 7, but also for previous versions. Considering that CentOS 5 is reaching its end of life (EOL) at the end of this month (March 2017) that may not seem like a big deal, but keep in mind that CentOS 6 won’t reach its EOL until March 2020.
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Regardless of the EL version, you will need to import the repository’s GPG key before actually enabling it:
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```
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# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
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```
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#### Enable ELRepo in EL5
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```
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# rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-5-5.el5.elrepo.noarch.rpm
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```
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#### Enable ELRepo in EL6
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```
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# rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-6.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm
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```
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#### Enable ELRepo in EL7
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```
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# rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
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```
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In this article we will only deal with EL7, and share a few examples in the next section.
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### Understand ELRepo Channels
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To better organize the software contained in this repository, ELRepo is divided into 4 separate channels:
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* elrepo is the main channel and is enabled by default. It does not contain packages present in the official distribution.
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* elrepo-extras contains packages that replace some provided by the distribution. It is not enabled by default. To avoid confusion, when a package needs to be installed or updated from this repository, it can be temporarily enabled via yum as follows (replace package with an actual package name):
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```
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# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-extras install package
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```
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* elrepo-testing provides packages that will at one point be part of the main channel but are still under testing.
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* elrepo-kernel provides long term and stable mainline kernels that have been specially configured for EL.
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Both elrepo-testing and elrepo-kernel are disabled by default and can be enabled as in the case of elrepo-extras if we [need to install or update a package][3] from them.
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To list the available packages in each channel, run one of the following commands:
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```
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# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo" list available
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# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-extras" list available
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# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-testing" list available
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# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list available
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```
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The following images illustrates the first example:
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[
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][4]
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List ELRepo Available Packages
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##### Summary
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In this post we have explained what is ELRepo and what are the circumstances where you may want to add it to your software sources.
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If you have any questions or comments about this article, feel free to use the form below to reach us. We look forward to hearing from you!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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作者简介：
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Gabriel Cánepa is a GNU/Linux sysadmin and web developer from Villa Mercedes, San Luis, Argentina. He works for a worldwide leading consumer product company and takes great pleasure in using FOSS tools to increase productivity in all areas of his daily work.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/enable-elrepo-in-rhel-centos-scientific-linux/
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作者：[Gabriel Cánepa][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/gacanepa/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-upgrade-kernel-version-in-centos-7/
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[2]:https://wiki.centos.org/AdditionalResources/Repositories
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/auto-install-security-patches-updates-on-centos-rhel/
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[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/List-ELRepo-Available-Packages.png
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[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/gacanepa/
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[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
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[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/
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@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
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ELRepo - Enterprise Linux （RHEL、CentOS 及 SL）的社区仓库
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============================================================
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如果你正在使用 Enterprise Linux 发行版（Red Hat Enterprise Linux 或其衍生产品，如 CentOS 或 Scientific Linux），并且需要对特定硬件或新硬件支持，那么你找对地方了。
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在本文中，我们将讨论如何启用 ELRepo 仓库，该软件源包含文件系统驱动以及网络摄像头驱动程序等等（支持显卡、网卡、声音设备甚至[新内核][1]））
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### 在 Enterprise Linux 中启用 ELRepo
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虽然 ELRepo 是第三方仓库，但它受到 Freenode（#elrepo）上的一个活跃社区以及用户邮件列表的良好支持。
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如果你仍然担心在软件源中添加一个独立的仓库，请注意 CentOS 已在它的 wiki（[参见此处][2]）将它列为是可靠的。如果你仍然有疑虑，请随时在评论中提问！
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需要注意的是 ELRepo 不仅提供对 Enterprise Linux 7 提供支持，还支持以前的版本。考虑到 CentOS 5 在本月底（2017 年 3 月）结束支持（EOL），这可能看起来并不是一件很大的事，但请记住，CentOS 6 将不会在 2020 年 3 月之前达到 EOL。
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不管 EL 是何版本，在实际启用时需要先导入 GPG 密钥：
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```
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# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
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```
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#### 在 EL5 中启用 ELRepo
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```
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# rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-5-5.el5.elrepo.noarch.rpm
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```
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#### 在 EL6 中启用 ELRepo
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```
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# rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-6.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm
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```
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#### 在 EL7 中启用 ELRepo
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```
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# rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
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```
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这篇文章只会覆盖 EL7，在接下来的小节中分享几个例子。
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### 理解 ELRepo 频道
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为了更好地组织仓库中的软件，ELRepo 共分为 4 个独立频道：
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* elrepo 是主频道，默认情况下启用。它不包含正式发行版中的包。
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* elrepo-extras 包含可以替代发行版提供的软件包。默认情况下不启用。为了避免混淆，当需要从该仓库中安装或更新软件包时，可以通过以下方式临时启用软件包（将软件包替换为实际软件包名称）：
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```
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# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-extras install package
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```
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* elrepo-testing 提供在主频道中提供的，但是仍在测试中的软件包。
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* elrepo-kernel 提供长期及稳定的主线内核，它们已经特别为 EL 配置过。
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默认情况下，elrepo-testing 和 elrepo-kernel 都被禁用，如果我们[需要从中安装或更新软件包][3]，可以像 elrepo-extras 那样启用它们。
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要列出每个频道中的可用软件包，请运行以下命令之一：
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```
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# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo" list available
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# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-extras" list available
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# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-testing" list available
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# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list available
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```
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下面的图片说明了第一个例子：
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[
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][4]
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列出 ELRepo 可用的软件包
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##### 总结
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本篇文章中，我们已经解释 ELRepo 是什么，以及你从如何将它们添加到你的软件源。
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如果你对本文有任何问题或意见，请随时在评论栏中联系我们。我们期待你的回音！
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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作者简介：
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Gabriel Cánepa - 一位来自阿根廷圣路易斯梅塞德斯镇 (Villa Mercedes, San Luis, Argentina) 的 GNU/Linux 系统管理员，Web 开发者。就职于一家世界领先级的消费品公司，乐于在每天的工作中能使用 FOSS 工具来提高生产力。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/enable-elrepo-in-rhel-centos-scientific-linux/
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作者：[Gabriel Cánepa][a]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/gacanepa/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-upgrade-kernel-version-in-centos-7/
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[2]:https://wiki.centos.org/AdditionalResources/Repositories
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/auto-install-security-patches-updates-on-centos-rhel/
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[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/List-ELRepo-Available-Packages.png
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[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/gacanepa/
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[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
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[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/
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