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Find Out All Live Hosts IP Addresses Connected on Network in Linux
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============================================================
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There are plenty of [network monitoring tools][1] you can find in the Linux ecosystem, that can generate for you a summary of the total number of devices on a network including all their IP addresses and more.
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However, sometimes what you actually need may be a simple command line tool that can provide you the same information by running a single command.
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This tutorial will explain you how to find out all live hosts IP addresses connected to a given network. Here, we will use [Nmap tool to find out all IP addresses][2] of devices connected on a same network.
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The [Nmap][3] (short form for Network Mapper) is an open source, powerful and a very versatile command line tool for exploring networks, [perform security scans, network audit][4] and [finding open ports on remote machine][5] and so much more.
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In case you do not have Nmap installed on your system, run the appropriate command below for your distribution to install it:
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```
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$ sudo yum install nmap [On RedHat based systems]
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$ sudo dnf install nmap [On Fedora 22+ versions]
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$ sudo apt-get install nmap [On Debian/Ubuntu based systems]
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```
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Once you have Nmap installed, the syntax for using it is:
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```
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$ nmap [scan type...] options {target specification}
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```
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Where the argument {target specification}, can be replaced by hostnames, IP addresses, networks and so on.
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Therefore to list the IP addresses of all hosts connected to a given network, first of all identify the network and its subnet mask using the [ifconfig command][6] or [ip command][7] like so:
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```
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$ ifconfig
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OR
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$ ip addr show
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```
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[
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][8]
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Find Network Details in Linux
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Next, run the Nmap command below:
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```
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$ nmap -sn 10.42.0.0/24
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```
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[
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][9]
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Find All Live Hosts on Network
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In the command above:
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1. `-sn` – is the type of scan, which means a ping scan. By default, Nmap performs port scanning, but this scan will disable port scanning.
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2. `10.42.0.0/24` – is the target network, replace it with your actual network.
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For a comprehensive usage information, make an effort to look into Nmap man page:
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```
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$ man nmap
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```
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Else, run Nmap without any options and arguments to view a summarized usage information:
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```
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$ nmap
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```
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In addition, for those interested in learning security scanning techniques in Linux, you can read through this practical guide to [Nmap in Kali Linux][10].
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Well, that’s it for now, remember to send us your questions or comments through the response form below. You can as well share with us other methods for listing the IP addresses of all devices connected to a given network.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/find-live-hosts-ip-addresses-on-linux-network/
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作者：[Aaron Kili][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/command-line-tools-to-monitor-linux-performance/
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[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/nmap-network-security-scanner-in-kali-linux/
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/nmap-command-examples/
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[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/audit-network-performance-security-and-troubleshooting-in-linux/
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[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/find-open-ports-in-linux/
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[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/ifconfig-command-examples/
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[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/ip-command-examples/
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[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Find-Network-Details-in-Linux.png
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[9]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Find-All-Live-Hosts-on-Network.png
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[10]:http://www.tecmint.com/nmap-network-security-scanner-in-kali-linux/
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@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
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在Linux中找出所有已连接的主机IP地址
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============================================================
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你可以在Linux的生态系统中找到很多[网络监控工具][1]，它们可以为你生成出网络中所有的设备以及它们的IP。
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然而，有时候你实际只需要一个简单的命令行工具只用一个命令就能提供一些相同的信息。
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本篇教程会向你展示如何找出所有连接到给定网络的主机IP地址。这里我们会使用[nmap工具来找出所有][2]连接到相同网络的设备的IP地址
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[nmap][3](Network Mapper的简称)是一款开源、强大并且多功能的探查网络的一款工具，用来[执行扫描、网络审查][4]和[查找远程的开放端口][5]等等。
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以防你系统中还没有安装nmap，在你的发行版中运行合适的命令来安装它：
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```
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$ sudo yum install nmap [在基于RedHat的系统中]
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$ sudo dnf install nmap [在基于Fedora 22+的版本中]
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$ sudo apt-get install nmap [在基于Debian/Ubuntu的系统中]
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```
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安装完成后，使用的语法是：
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```
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$ nmap [scan type...] options {target specification}
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```
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{target specification}这个参数可以用主机名、ip地址、网络等来替代。
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所以要列出所有连接到指定网络的主机ip，首先使用[ifconfig命令][6]或者[ip命令][7]来确定网络以及它的子网掩码：
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```
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$ ifconfig
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或者
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$ ip addr show
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```
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[
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][8]
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在Linux中查找网络细节
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接下来，如下运行nmap命令：
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```
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$ nmap -sn 10.42.0.0/24
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```
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[
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][9]
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查找网络中所有活跃的主机
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上面的命令中：
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1. `-sn` - 是扫描的类型，这里是ping方式扫描。默认上，nmap使用端口扫描，但是这里会禁用端口扫描。
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2. `10.42.0.0/24` - 是目标网络，用你实际的网络来替换。
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要了解全面的信息，查看nmap的手册：
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```
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$ man nmap
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```
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或者不带任何参数直接运行nmap查看总结的使用信息：
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```
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$ nmap
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```
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额外地，对于有兴趣学习Linux安全扫描技术的人，你可以阅读[Nmap in Kali Linux][10]这篇实践指导。
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好了，就是这样了，记得在下面的回复区给我们发送问题或者评论。你也可以跟我们分享其他列出指定网络已连接设备的IP地址的方法。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/find-live-hosts-ip-addresses-on-linux-network/
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作者：[Aaron Kili][a]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/command-line-tools-to-monitor-linux-performance/
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[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/nmap-network-security-scanner-in-kali-linux/
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/nmap-command-examples/
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[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/audit-network-performance-security-and-troubleshooting-in-linux/
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[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/find-open-ports-in-linux/
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[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/ifconfig-command-examples/
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[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/ip-command-examples/
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[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Find-Network-Details-in-Linux.png
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[9]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Find-All-Live-Hosts-on-Network.png
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[10]:http://www.tecmint.com/nmap-network-security-scanner-in-kali-linux/
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