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[#]: subject: "Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI"
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[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-login-root/"
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[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI
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======
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By default, Ubuntu disables the root account. You must use the sudo command for any tasks requiring root privileges.
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This is for your own security, of course. Using the system as root all the time is like running around with a sword in your hand. It increases the chances of messing up things.
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Logging in as root is still common in the servers. On the desktop side, it's quite rare to log in as root. Even Kali Linux has changed it.
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And yet, a few desktop users want to log in as root. This is not something advisable but surely doable.
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in this guide, I will show you how to **log in as a root in your GNOME desktop** using Ubuntu.
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### How to login as a root in the GNOME desktop
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🚧
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I won't advise login as root on the desktop. You have sudo mechanism for all your root needs. Do it only if you have a good enough reason. This tutorial is for demo purposes only. You have been cautioned.
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#### Step 1: Enable root account
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You want to log in as root. But the root account is disabled by default. The first step is to enable it.
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Change the root account password that will eventually enable the root account for you:
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```
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sudo passwd root
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```
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![change the password of root account in ubuntu][1]
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It goes without saying that you should not forget the root password.
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#### Step 2: Change GDM configuration
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🚧
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This part of the tutorial is only valid for GNOME. Please
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[check your desktop environment][2]
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and ensure that it is GNOME.
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Ubuntu uses GNOME by default and GNOME uses the GDM display manager.
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To allow log in as root into GNOME, you need to make some changes in the GDM configuration file located at `/etc/gdm3/custom.conf`.
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Make a backup of the config file:
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```
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cp /etc/gdm3/custom.conf /etc/gdm3/custom.conf~
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```
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In the worst case, if you somehow mess things up, the back up file can be used to replace the existing one from the TTY.
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Now, open the GDM file with the following command:
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```
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sudo nano /etc/gdm3/custom.conf
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```
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And add the following line to allow the root login:
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```
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AllowRoot=true
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```
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![configure GDM on ubuntu][3]
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Press Ctrl+X to exit Nano while saving it.
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#### Step 3: Configure PAM authentication
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Now, you will have to configure the PAM authentication daemon file, which can be opened by the following command:
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```
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sudo nano /etc/pam.d/gdm-password
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```
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In this file, you will have to comment out the following line with the `#` symbol that denies the root access in GUI:
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```
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auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success
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```
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![][4]
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[Save changes and exit from the nano][5] text editor.
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#### Step 4: Log in as root
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Now, reboot your system:
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```
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reboot
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```
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At the login screen, select the `Not listed` option, enter `root` in username and enter the password that you configured at the beginning of this guide:
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![Login as a root in ubuntu desktop][6]
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Once you log in, it will notify you by saying, **"logged in as a privileged user":**
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![logged in as a privileged user in Ubuntu][7]
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That's it! Now, you are running your Ubuntu system as a root.
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### Things you should know when running the system as a root user
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There is a reason why Ubuntu disables a root account by default. Want to know why? Here you have it:
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Root User in Ubuntu- Important Things You Should KnowHow do you become root user in Ubuntu? Either you run commands with root privilege like this: sudo any_command Or you switch user in Ubuntu to root user like this: sudo su In both cases, you’ll have to enter your own user account’s password. But there’s![][8]It's FOSSAbhishek Prakash![][9]
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And again, it is not advisable to log in a s root in your desktop Linux system. Please follow the norms and stay away from such (mis) adventures.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-login-root/
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作者：[Sagar Sharma][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
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[1]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/change-the-password-of-root-account-in-ubuntu.png
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[2]: https://itsfoss.com/find-desktop-environment/
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[3]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/configure-GDM-on-ubuntu.png
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[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/configure-PAM-authentication-daemon-in-ubuntu.gif
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[5]: https://linuxhandbook.com/nano-save-exit/
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[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/Login-as-a-root-in-Ubuntu-desktop.png
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[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/logged-in-as-a-privileged-user-in-Ubuntu.png
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[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png
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[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2020/01/root_user_ubuntu.png
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141
translated/tech/20230215.0 ⭐️ Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI.md
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141
translated/tech/20230215.0 ⭐️ Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI.md
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@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
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[#]: subject: "Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI"
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[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-login-root/"
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[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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在 Ubuntu GUI 中以 root 身份登录
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======
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默认情况下，Ubuntu 禁用了 root 账户。你必须使用 sudo 命令来执行任何需要 root 权限的任务。
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当然，这是为了你自己的安全。一直以 root 身份使用系统，就像手里拿着一把剑到处跑。它增加了把事情搞乱的机会。
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以 root 身份登录在服务器中仍然很常见。在桌面方面，以 root 身份登录的情况相当少见。甚至 Kali Linux 也做了改变。
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然而，有一些桌面用户想以 root 身份登录。这不是什么明智之举，但肯定是可以做到的。
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在本指南中，我将向你展示如何在 Ubuntu 中**以 root 身份登录 GNOME 桌面**。
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### 如何在 GNOME 桌面上以 root 身份登录
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🚧
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我不建议在桌面上以 root 身份登录。你有 sudo 机制来满足你所有的 root 需求。只有在你有足够理由的情况下才这样做。本教程仅用于演示目的。你已经被警告过了。
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#### 步骤 1：启用 root 账户
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你想以 root 身份登录。但默认情况下，root账户是禁用的。第一步是启用它。
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改变 root 账户的密码，这将为你启用 root 账户：
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```
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sudo passwd root
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```
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![change the password of root account in ubuntu][1]
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不言而喻，你不应该忘记 root 密码。
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#### 步骤 2：改变 GDM 配置
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🚧
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本教程的这一部分只对GNOME有效。请[检查你的桌面环境][2]并确保它是 GNOME。
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Ubuntu 默认使用 GNOME，GNOME 使用 GDM 显示管理器。
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为了允许以 root 身份登录到 GNOME，你需要对位于 `/etc/gdm3/custom.conf` 的 GDM 配置文件做一些修改。
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对该配置文件做一个备份：
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```
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cp /etc/gdm3/custom.conf /etc/gdm3/custom.conf~
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```
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在最坏的情况下，如果你以某种方式把事情搞砸了，备份的文件可以用来替换 TTY 上的现有文件。
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现在，用以下命令打开 GDM 文件：
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```
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sudo nano /etc/gdm3/custom.conf
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```
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并添加以下一行，允许 root 用户登录：
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```
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AllowRoot=true
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```
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![configure GDM on ubuntu][3]
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按 Ctrl+X 退出 Nano，同时保存它。
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#### 步骤 3：配置 PAM 认证
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现在，你必须配置 PAM 认证守护文件，它可以通过以下命令打开：
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```
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sudo nano /etc/pam.d/gdm-password
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```
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在这个文件中，你必须注释掉以下带有 “#” 号的一行，该符号拒绝 GUI 中的 root 访问：
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```
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auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success
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```
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![][4]
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[保存修改并退出 nano][5] 文本编辑器。
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#### 步骤 4：以 root 身份登录
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现在，重启你的系统：
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```
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reboot
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```
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在登录界面，选择 `Not listed` 选项，在用户名中输入 `root`，并输入你在本指南开头配置的密码：
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![Login as a root in ubuntu desktop][6]
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当你登录后，它就会通知你，**"logged in as a privileged user":**
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![logged in as a privileged user in Ubuntu][7]
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这就完成了! 现在，你正在以 root 身份运行你的 Ubuntu 系统。
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### 以 root 用户身份运行系统时，你应该知道的事情
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Ubuntu 默认禁用 root 账户是有原因的。想知道为什么吗？在这里你可以找到：
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[Ubuntu 中的 root 用户-你应该知道的重要事项][8]
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再说一遍，在你的桌面 Linux 系统中以 root 登录是不可取的。请遵守规范，远离这种（错误的）冒险。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-login-root/
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作者：[Sagar Sharma][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
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[1]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/change-the-password-of-root-account-in-ubuntu.png
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[2]: https://itsfoss.com/find-desktop-environment/
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[3]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/configure-GDM-on-ubuntu.png
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[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/configure-PAM-authentication-daemon-in-ubuntu.gif
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[5]: https://linuxhandbook.com/nano-save-exit/
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[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/Login-as-a-root-in-Ubuntu-desktop.png
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[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/logged-in-as-a-privileged-user-in-Ubuntu.png
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[8]: https://itsfoss.com/root-user-ubuntu/#what-is-root
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