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[Translated] 20190215 4 Methods To Change The HostName In Linux.md
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@ -1,227 +0,0 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (FSSlc)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (4 Methods To Change The HostName In Linux)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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4 Methods To Change The HostName In Linux
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======
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We had written an article yesterday in our website about **[changing hostname in Linux][1]**.
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Today we are going to show you that how to change the hostname using different methods. You can choose the best one for you.
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systemd systems comes with a handy tool called `hostnamectl` that allow us to manage the system hostname easily.
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It’s changing the hostname instantly and doesn’t required reboot when you use the native commands.
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But if you modify the hostname manually in any of the configuration file that requires reboot.
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In this article we will show you the four methods to change the hostname in systemd system.
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hostnamectl command allows to set three kind of hostname in Linux and the details are below.
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* **`Static:`** It’s static hostname which is added by the system admin.
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* **`Transient/Dynamic:`** It’s assigned by DHCP or DNS server at run time.
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* **`Pretty:`** It can be assigned by the system admin. It is a free-form of the hostname that represent the server in the pretty way like, “JBOSS UAT Server”.
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It can be done in the following four methods.
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* **`hostnamectl Command:`** hostnamectl command is controling the system hostname.
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* **`nmcli Command:`** nmcli is a command-line tool for controlling NetworkManager.
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* **`nmtui Command:`** nmtui is a text User Interface for controlling NetworkManager.
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* **`/etc/hostname file:`** This file is containing the static system hostname.
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### Method-1: Change The HostName Using hostnamectl Command in Linux
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hostnamectl may be used to query and change the system hostname and related settings.
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Simple run the `hostnamectl` command to view the system hostname.
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```
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$ hostnamectl
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or
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$ hostnamectl status
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Static hostname: daygeek-Y700
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Icon name: computer-laptop
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Chassis: laptop
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Machine ID: 31bdeb7b83230a2025d43547368d75bc
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Boot ID: 267f264c448f000ea5aed47263c6de7f
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Operating System: Manjaro Linux
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Kernel: Linux 4.19.20-1-MANJARO
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Architecture: x86-64
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```
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If you would like to change the hostname, use the following command format.
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**The general syntax:**
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```
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$ hostnamectl set-hostname [YOUR NEW HOSTNAME]
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```
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Use the following command to change the hostname using hostnamectl command. In this example, i’m going to change the hostname from `daygeek-Y700` to `magi-laptop`.
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```
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$ hostnamectl set-hostname magi-laptop
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```
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You can view the updated hostname by running the following command.
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```
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$ hostnamectl
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Static hostname: magi-laptop
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Icon name: computer-laptop
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Chassis: laptop
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Machine ID: 31bdeb7b83230a2025d43547368d75bc
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Boot ID: 267f264c448f000ea5aed47263c6de7f
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Operating System: Manjaro Linux
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Kernel: Linux 4.19.20-1-MANJARO
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Architecture: x86-64
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```
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### Method-2: Change The HostName Using nmcli Command in Linux
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nmcli is a command-line tool for controlling NetworkManager and reporting network status.
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nmcli is used to create, display, edit, delete, activate, and deactivate network connections, as well as control and display network device status. Also, it allow us to change the hostname.
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Use the following format to view the current hostname using nmcli.
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```
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$ nmcli general hostname
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daygeek-Y700
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```
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**The general syntax:**
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```
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$ nmcli general hostname [YOUR NEW HOSTNAME]
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```
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Use the following command to change the hostname using nmcli command. In this example, i’m going to change the hostname from `daygeek-Y700` to `magi-laptop`.
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```
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$ nmcli general hostname magi-laptop
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```
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It’s taking effect without bouncing the below service. However, for safety purpose just restart the systemd-hostnamed service for the changes to take effect.
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```
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$ sudo systemctl restart systemd-hostnamed
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```
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Again run the same nmcli command to check the changed hostname.
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```
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$ nmcli general hostname
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magi-laptop
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```
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### Method-3: Change The HostName Using nmtui Command in Linux
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nmtui is a curses‐based TUI application for interacting with NetworkManager. When starting nmtui, the user is prompted to choose the activity to perform unless it was specified as the first argument.
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Run the following command on terminal to launch the terminal user interface.
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```
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$ nmtui
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```
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Use the `Down Arrow Mark` to choose the `Set system hostname` option then hit the `Enter` button.
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![][3]
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This is old hostname screenshot.
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![][4]
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Just remove the olde one and update the new one then hit `OK` button.
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![][5]
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It will show you the updated hostname in the screen and simple hit `OK` button to complete it.
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![][6]
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Finally hit the `Quit` button to exit from the nmtui terminal.
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![][7]
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It’s taking effect without bouncing the below service. However, for safety purpose just restart the systemd-hostnamed service for the changes to take effect.
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```
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$ sudo systemctl restart systemd-hostnamed
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```
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You can view the updated hostname by running the following command.
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```
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$ hostnamectl
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Static hostname: daygeek-Y700
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Icon name: computer-laptop
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Chassis: laptop
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Machine ID: 31bdeb7b83230a2025d43547368d75bc
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Boot ID: 267f264c448f000ea5aed47263c6de7f
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Operating System: Manjaro Linux
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Kernel: Linux 4.19.20-1-MANJARO
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Architecture: x86-64
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```
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### Method-4: Change The HostName Using /etc/hostname File in Linux
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Alternatively, we can change the hostname by modifying the `/etc/hostname` file. But this method
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requires server reboot for changes to take effect.
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Check the current hostname using /etc/hostname file.
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```
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$ cat /etc/hostname
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daygeek-Y700
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```
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To change the hostname, simple overwrite the file because it’s contains only the hostname alone.
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```
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$ sudo echo "magi-daygeek" > /etc/hostname
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$ cat /etc/hostname
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magi-daygeek
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```
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Reboot the system by running the following command.
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```
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$ sudo init 6
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```
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Finally verify the updated hostname using /etc/hostname file.
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```
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$ cat /etc/hostname
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magi-daygeek
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```
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux/
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作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[FSSlc](https://github.com/FSSlc)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-change-set-hostname/
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[2]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
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[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux-1.png
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[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux-2.png
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[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux-3.png
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[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux-4.png
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[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux-5.png
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@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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||||
[#]: translator: (FSSlc)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (4 Methods To Change The HostName In Linux)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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Linux 中改变主机名的 4 种方法
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======
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昨天我们已经在我们的网站中写过[如何在 Linux 中修改主机名的文章][1]。
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今天，我们将向你展示使用不同的方法来修改主机名。你可以从中选取最适合你的方法。
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使用 `systemd` 的系统自带一个名为 `hostnamectl` 的好用工具，它可以使我们能够轻易地管理系统的主机名。
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当你使用这个原生命令时，它可以立刻改变主机名而无需重启来生效。
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但假如你通过手动修改某个配置文件来更改主机名，那么就可能需要经过重启来生效。
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在这篇文章中，我们将展示在使用 `systemd` 的系统中改变主机名的 4 种方法。
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`hostnamectl` 命令允许在 Linux 中设置三类主机名，它们的细节如下：
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* **`静态：`** 这是静态主机名，由系统管理员添加。
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* **`瞬时/动态：`** 这个由 DHCP 或者 DNS 服务器在运行时赋予。
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* **`易读形式：`** 它可以由系统管理员赋予。这个是自由形式的主机名，以一种易读形式来表示服务器，例如 `JBOSS UAT Server` 这样的名字。
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这些都可以使用下面 4 种方法来设置。
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* **`hostnamectl 命令：`** `hostnamectl` 命令控制系统主机名。
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* **`nmcli 命令：`** `nmcli` 是一个控制 `NetworkManager` 的命令行工具。
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* **`nmtui 命令：`** `nmtui` 是一个控制 `NetworkManager` 的文本用户界面。
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* **`/etc/hostname 文件：`** 这个文件中包含系统的静态主机名。
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### 方法 1：在 Linux 中使用 `hostnamectl` 来改变主机名
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`hostnamectl` 可被用来查询和改变系统的主机名，以及相关设定。
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只需运行 `hostnamectl` 便可以查看系统的主机名了。
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```
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$ hostnamectl
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```
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或者使用下面的命令
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```
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$ hostnamectl status
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Static hostname: daygeek-Y700
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Icon name: computer-laptop
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Chassis: laptop
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Machine ID: 31bdeb7b83230a2025d43547368d75bc
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Boot ID: 267f264c448f000ea5aed47263c6de7f
|
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Operating System: Manjaro Linux
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Kernel: Linux 4.19.20-1-MANJARO
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Architecture: x86-64
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```
|
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|
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假如你想改变主机名，可以使用下面的命令格式：
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|
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**一般的语法：**
|
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|
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```
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$ hostnamectl set-hostname [YOUR NEW HOSTNAME]
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```
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|
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使用下面的命令来使用 `hostnamectl` 更改主机名。在这个例子中，我将把主机名从 `daygeek-Y700` 改为 `magi-laptop`。
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|
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```
|
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$ hostnamectl set-hostname magi-laptop
|
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```
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|
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你可以使用下面的命令来查看更新后的主机名。
|
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|
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```
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$ hostnamectl
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Static hostname: magi-laptop
|
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Icon name: computer-laptop
|
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Chassis: laptop
|
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Machine ID: 31bdeb7b83230a2025d43547368d75bc
|
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Boot ID: 267f264c448f000ea5aed47263c6de7f
|
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Operating System: Manjaro Linux
|
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Kernel: Linux 4.19.20-1-MANJARO
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Architecture: x86-64
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```
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|
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### 方法 2：在 Linux 中使用 `nmcli` 命令来更改主机名
|
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`nmcli` 是一个命令行工具，旨在控制 `NetworkManager` 并报告网络状态。
|
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|
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`nmcli` 被用来创建、展示、编辑、删除、激活和注销网络连接，同时还可以用来控制和展示网络设备的状态。另外，它也允许我们更改主机名。
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|
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使用下面的命令来利用 `nmcli` 查看当前的主机名。
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```
|
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$ nmcli general hostname
|
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daygeek-Y700
|
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```
|
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**一般语法：**
|
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|
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```
|
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$ nmcli general hostname [YOUR NEW HOSTNAME]
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```
|
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|
||||
使用下面的命令来借助 `nmcli` 命令可以更改主机名。在这个例子中，我将把主机名从 `daygeek-Y700` 变成 `magi-laptop`。
|
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|
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```
|
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$ nmcli general hostname magi-laptop
|
||||
```
|
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|
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它可以在不重启下设备的情况下生效，但为了安全目的，只需要重启 `systemd-hostnamed` 服务来使得更改生效。
|
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|
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```
|
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$ sudo systemctl restart systemd-hostnamed
|
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```
|
||||
|
||||
再次运行相同的 `nmcli` 命令来检查更改后的主机名。
|
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|
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```
|
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$ nmcli general hostname
|
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magi-laptop
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
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### 方法 3：在 Linux 中使用 `nmtui` 来更改主机名
|
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|
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`nmtui` 是一个基于 `curses` 库的 TUI 应用，被用来和 `NetworkManager` 交互。当启动 `nmtui` 后，它将提醒用户选择执行某项活动，除非指定了 `nmtui` 的第一个命令行参数。
|
||||
|
||||
在终端中运行下面的命令来开启文本用户界面。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ nmtui
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
使用带有 `向下箭头标记` 的按键来选择 `Set system hostname` 这个选项，然后敲击 `Enter` 键。
|
||||
![][3]
|
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|
||||
下面的截图展示的是原来的主机名。
|
||||
![][4]
|
||||
|
||||
我们需要做的就是删除原来的主机名，再输入新的主机名，然后选中 `OK` 敲击确认就可以了。
|
||||
![][5]
|
||||
|
||||
然后它将在屏幕中向你展示更新后的主机名，再次选中 `OK` 敲击确认就完成更改了。
|
||||
![][6]
|
||||
|
||||
最后，选中 `Quit` 按钮来从 `nmtui` 终端界面离开。
|
||||
![][7]
|
||||
|
||||
它可以在不重启设备的情况下生效，但为了安全目的，需要重启 `systemd-hostnamed` 服务来使得更改生效。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo systemctl restart systemd-hostnamed
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
你可以运行下面的命令来查看更新后的主机名。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ hostnamectl
|
||||
Static hostname: daygeek-Y700
|
||||
Icon name: computer-laptop
|
||||
Chassis: laptop
|
||||
Machine ID: 31bdeb7b83230a2025d43547368d75bc
|
||||
Boot ID: 267f264c448f000ea5aed47263c6de7f
|
||||
Operating System: Manjaro Linux
|
||||
Kernel: Linux 4.19.20-1-MANJARO
|
||||
Architecture: x86-64
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 方法 4：在 Linux 中使用 `/etc/hostname` 来更改主机名
|
||||
|
||||
除了上面的方法外，我们还可以通过修改 `/etc/hostname` 文件来达到修改主机名的目的。但这个方法需要服务器重启才能生效。
|
||||
|
||||
使用下面的命令来检查 `/etc/hostname` 文件以查看当前的主机名：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ cat /etc/hostname
|
||||
daygeek-Y700
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
要改变主机名，只需覆写这个文件就行了，因为这个文件只包含主机名这一项内容。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo echo "magi-daygeek" > /etc/hostname
|
||||
|
||||
$ cat /etc/hostname
|
||||
magi-daygeek
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
然后使用下面的命令重启系统：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo init 6
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
最后查看 `/etc/hostname` 文件的内容来验证主机名是否被更改了。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ cat /etc/hostname
|
||||
magi-daygeek
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[FSSlc](https://github.com/FSSlc)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-change-set-hostname/
|
||||
[2]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
|
||||
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux-1.png
|
||||
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux-2.png
|
||||
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux-3.png
|
||||
[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux-4.png
|
||||
[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/four-methods-to-change-the-hostname-in-linux-5.png
|
||||
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user