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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (5 open source speed-reading applications)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/8/speed-reading-open-source)
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[#]: author: (Jaouhari Youssef https://opensource.com/users/jaouhari)
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5 open source speed-reading applications
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======
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Train yourself to read text faster with these five apps.
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![stack of books][1]
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English essayist and politician [Joseph Addison][2] once said, "Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body." Today, most (if not all) of us are training our brains by reading text on computer monitors, television screens, mobile devices, street signs, newspapers, magazines, and papers at work or school.
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Given the large amount of written information we take in each day, it seems advantageous to train our brains to read faster by doing specific exercises that challenge our classical reading habits and teach us to absorb more content and data. The goal of learning these skills is not just to skim text, because reading without comprehension is wasted effort. The goal is to increase your reading speed while still achieving high levels of comprehension.
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### Reading and processing input
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Before diving into the topic of speed reading, let's examine the reading process. According to French ophthalmologist Louis Emile Javal, reading is a three-step process:
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1. Fixate
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2. Process
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3. [Saccade][3]
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In step one, we determine a fixation point in the text, called the optimal recognition point. In the second step, we bring in (process) new information while the eye is fixated. Finally, we change the location of our fixation point, an operation called saccade, a time when no new information is acquired.
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In practice, the main differences among faster readers are a shorter-than-average fixation period, a longer-distance saccade, and less re-reading.
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### Reading exercise
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Reading is not a natural process for human beings, as it is a fairly recent development in the span of human existence. The first writing system was created around 5,000 years ago, not long enough for people to develop into reading machines. Therefore, we have to exercise our reading skills to become more adept and efficient at this basic task of communication.
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The first exercise consists of reducing subvocalization, mainly known as silent speech, which is the habit of pronouncing words internally while reading them. It is a natural process that slows down reading, as reading speed is limited to the speed of speech. The key to reducing subvocalization is to say only some of the words that are read. One way to do this is to occupy the internal voice with another task, chewing gum, for example.
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A second exercise consists of reducing regression, or re-reading text. Regression is a mechanism of laziness because our brains can re-read any material at any time, thus reducing concentration.
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### 5 open source applications to train your brain
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There are several interesting open-source applications that you can use to exercise your reading speed.
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One is [Gritz][4], an open source file reader that makes words pop up, one at a time, to reduce regression. It works on Linux, Windows, and MacOS and is released under the GPL, so you can play with it however you want.
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Other options include [Spray Speed-Reader][5], an open source speed-reading application written in JavaScript, and [Sprits-it!][6], an open source web application that enables speed-reading of web pages.
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For Android users, [Comfort Reader][7] is an open source speed-reading app. It is available in the [F-droid][8] and [Google Play][9] app stores.
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My favorite application is [Speedread][10], a simple terminal program that shows text files word-by-word at the optimal reading point. To install it, clone the GitHub repository on your device and type in the appropriate command to read a document at your preferred word-per-minute (WPM) rate. The default rate is 250 WPM. For example, to read _your_text_file.txt_ at 400 WPM, you would enter:
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```
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`cat your_text_file.txt | ./speedread -w 400`
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```
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Here is the program in action:
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![Speedread demo][11]
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Since you probably don't read just [plain text][12] files these days, you can use [Pandoc][13] to convert files from markup format to text format. You can also run Speedread on Android devices using [Termux][14], an Android terminal simulator.
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### Other solutions
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An interesting project for the open source community is to build a solution that is intended only for enhancing reading speed using specific exercises to improve things like subvocalization and regression reduction. I believe this project would be very beneficial, as increasing reading speed is very valuable in today's information-rich environment.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/19/8/speed-reading-open-source
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作者：[Jaouhari Youssef][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/jaouhari
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/books_stack_library_reading.jpg?itok=uulcS8Sw (stack of books)
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[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Addison
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[3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccade
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[4]: https://github.com/jeffkowalski/gritz
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[5]: https://github.com/chaimpeck/spray
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[6]: https://github.com/the-happy-hippo/sprits-it
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[7]: https://github.com/mschlauch/comfortreader
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[8]: https://f-droid.org/packages/com.mschlauch.comfortreader/
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[9]: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.mschlauch.comfortreader
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[10]: https://github.com/pasky/speedread
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[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/speedread_demo.gif (Speedread demo)
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[12]: https://plaintextproject.online/
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[13]: https://opensource.com/article/18/9/intro-pandoc
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[14]: https://termux.com/
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@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (5 open source speed-reading applications)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/8/speed-reading-open-source)
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[#]: author: (Jaouhari Youssef https://opensource.com/users/jaouhari)
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5 个开源的速读应用
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======
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使用这五个应用训练自己更快地阅读文本。
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![stack of books][1]
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英国散文家和政治家 [Joseph Addison][2] 曾经说过，“读书益智，运动益体。”如今，我们大多数人（如果不是全部）都是通过计算机显示器、电视屏幕、移动设备、街道标志、报纸、杂志上阅读，以及在工作和学校阅读论文来训练我们的大脑。
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鉴于我们每天都会收到大量的书面信息，通过做一些挑战我们经典阅读习惯并教会我们吸收更多内容和数据的特定练习来训练我们的大脑以便更快地阅读似乎是有利的。学习这些技能的目的不仅仅是浏览文本，因为没有理解的阅读就是浪费精力。目标是提高你的阅读速度，同时仍然达到高水平的理解。
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### 阅读和处理输入
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在深入探讨速读之前，让我们来看看阅读过程。根据法国眼科医生 Louis Emile Javal 的说法，阅读分为三个步骤：
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1. 固定
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2. 处理
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3. [扫视][3]
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在第一步，我们确定文本中的固定点，称为最佳识别点。在第二步中，我们在眼睛固定的同时引入（处理）新信息。最后，我们改变注视点的位置，这是一种称为扫视的操作，此时未获取任何新信息。
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在实践中，阅读较快读者之间的主要差异是固定时间短于平均值，更长距离扫视，重读更少。
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### 阅读练习
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阅读不是人类的自然过程，因为它是人类生存跨度中一个相当新的发展。第一个书写系统是在大约 5000 年前创建的，它不足以让人们发展成为阅读机器。因此，我们必须运用我们的阅读技巧，在这项沟通的基本任务中变得更加娴熟和高效。
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第一项练习包括减少默读，也被称为无声语音，这是一种在阅读时内部发音的习惯。它是一个减慢阅读速度的自然过程，因为阅读速度限于语速。减少默读的关键是只说出一些阅读的单词。一种方法是用其他任务来占据内部声音，例如用口香糖。
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第二个练习包括减少回归或重读。回归是一种懒惰的机制，因为我们的大脑可以随时重读任何材料，从而降低注意力。
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### 5 个开源应用来训练你的大脑
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有几个有趣的开源应用可用于锻炼你的阅读速度。
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一个是 [Gritz][4]，它是一个开源文件阅读器，它一次一个地弹出单词，以减少回归。它适用于 Linux、Windows 和 MacOS，并在 GPL 许可证下发布，因此你可以随意使用它。
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其他选择包括 [Spray Speed-Reader][5]，一个用 JavaScript 编写的开源速读应用，以及 [Sprits-it!][6]，一个开源 Web 应用，可以快速阅读网页。
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对于 Android 用户，[Comfort Reader][7] 是一个开源的速读应用。它可以在 [F-droid][8] 和 [Google Play][9] 应用商店中找到。
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我最喜欢的应用是 [Speedread][10]，它是一个简单的终端程序，它可以在最佳阅读点逐字显示文本。要安装它，请在你的设备上克隆 Github 仓库，然后输入相应的命令来选择以喜好的每分钟字数 （WPM）来阅读文档。默认速率为 250 WPM。例如，要以 400 WPM 阅读 _your_text_file.txt_，你应该输入：
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```
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`cat your_text_file.txt | ./speedread -w 400`
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```
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下面是程序的运行界面：
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![Speedread demo][11]
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由于你可能不会只阅读[纯文本][12]，因此可以使用 [Pandoc][13] 将文件从标记格式转换为文本格式。你还可以使用 Android 终端模拟器 [Termux][14] 在 Android 设备上运行 Speedread。
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### 其他方案
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开源社区的一个有趣项目是构建一个解决方案，它仅为了通过使用特定练习来提高阅读速度，以此改进如默读和重读。我相信这个项目会非常有益，因为在当今信息丰富的环境中，提高阅读速度非常有价值。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/19/8/speed-reading-open-source
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作者：[Jaouhari Youssef][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/jaouhari
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/books_stack_library_reading.jpg?itok=uulcS8Sw (stack of books)
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[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Addison
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[3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccade
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[4]: https://github.com/jeffkowalski/gritz
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[5]: https://github.com/chaimpeck/spray
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[6]: https://github.com/the-happy-hippo/sprits-it
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[7]: https://github.com/mschlauch/comfortreader
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[8]: https://f-droid.org/packages/com.mschlauch.comfortreader/
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[9]: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.mschlauch.comfortreader
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[10]: https://github.com/pasky/speedread
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[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/speedread_demo.gif (Speedread demo)
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[12]: https://plaintextproject.online/
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[13]: https://opensource.com/article/18/9/intro-pandoc
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[14]: https://termux.com/
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