20170410-5 选题

2025-01-25 23:11:02 +08:00 · 2017-04-10 19:44:21 +08:00 · 2017-04-10 19:44:21 +08:00 · 455d4a1332
commit 455d4a1332
parent 55b70a51c7
1 changed files with 109 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/sources/tech/20170407
+++ b/sources/tech/20170407
@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+Pyinotify – Monitor Filesystem Changes in Real-Time in Linux
+============================================================
+
+Pyinotify is a simple yet useful Python module for [monitoring filesystems changes][1] in real-time in Linux.
+
+As a System administrator, you can use it to monitor changes happening to a directory of interest such as web directory or application data storage directory and beyond.
+
+**Suggested Read:** [fswatch – Monitors Files and Directory Changes or Modifications in Linux][2]
+
+It depends on inotify (a Linux kernel feature incorporated in kernel 2.6.13), which is an event-driven notifier, its notifications are exported from kernel space to user space via three system calls.
+
+The purpose of pyinotiy is to bind the three system calls, and support an implementation on top of them providing a common and abstract means to manipulate those functionalities.
+
+In this article, we will show you how to install and use pyinotify in Linux to monitor filesystem changes or modifications in real-time.
+
+#### Dependencies
+
+In order to use pyinotify, your system must be running:
+
+1.  Linux kernel 2.6.13 or higher
+2.  Python 2.4 or higher
+
+### How to Install Pyinotify in Linux
+
+First start by checking the kernel and Python versions installed on your system as follows:
+
+```
+# uname -r 
+# python -V
+```
+
+Once dependencies are met, we will use pip to install pynotify. In most Linux distributions, Pip is already installed if you’re using Python 2 >=2.7.9 or Python 3 >=3.4 binaries downloaded from python.org, otherwise, install it as follows:
+
+```
+# yum install python-pip      [On CentOS based Distros]
+# apt-get install python-pip  [On Debian based Distros]
+# dnf install python-pip      [On Fedora 22+]
+```
+
+Now, install pyinotify like so:
+
+```
+# pip install pyinotify
+```
+
+It will install available version from the default repository, if you are looking to have a latest stable version of pyinotify, consider cloning it’s git repository as shown.
+
+```
+# git clone https://github.com/seb-m/pyinotify.git
+# cd pyinotify/
+# ls
+# python setup.py install
+```
+
+### How to Use pyinotify in Linux
+
+In the example below, I am monitoring any changes to the user tecmint’s home (/home/tecmint) directory as root user (logged in via ssh) as shown in the screenshot:
+
+```
+# python -m pyinotify -v /home/tecmint
+```
+[
+ ![Monitor Directory Changes](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Monitor-Directory-File-Changes.png) 
+][3]
+
+Monitor Directory Changes
+
+Next, we will keep a watch for any changes to the web directory (/var/www/html/tecmint.com):
+
+```
+# python -m pyinotify -v /var/www/html/tecmint.com
+```
+
+To exit the program, simply hit `[Ctrl+C]`.
+
+Note: When you run pyinotify without specifying any directory to monitor, the `/tmp` directory is considered by default.
+
+Find more about Pyinotify on Github: [https://github.com/seb-m/pyinotify][4]
+
+That’s all for now! In this article, we showed you how to install and use pyinotify, a useful Python module for monitoring filesystems changes in Linux.
+
+Have you come across any similar Python modules or related [Linux tools/utilities][5]? Let us know in the comments, perhaps you can as well ask any question in relation to this article.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+作者简介：
+
+Aaron Kili is a Linux and F.O.S.S enthusiast, an upcoming Linux SysAdmin, web developer, and currently a content creator for TecMint who loves working with computers and strongly believes in sharing knowledge.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://www.tecmint.com/pyinotify-monitor-filesystem-directory-changes-in-linux/
+
+作者：[Aaron Kili][a]
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
+
+[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/fswatch-monitors-files-and-directory-changes-modifications-in-linux/
+[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/fswatch-monitors-files-and-directory-changes-modifications-in-linux/
+[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Monitor-Directory-File-Changes.png
+[4]:https://github.com/seb-m/pyinotify
+[5]:http://tecmint.com/tag/commandline-tools
+[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
+[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
+[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/