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提交译文 tech/20200424 What you need to know about open source ad blocker…
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (CrazyShipOne)
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[#]: subject: (What you need to know about open source ad blockers)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/4/ad-blockers)
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[#]: author: (Joshua Pearce https://opensource.com/users/jmpearce)
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What you need to know about open source ad blockers
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Three open source ad blockers were tested against a "no ad blocker"
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control.
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![Browser of things][1]
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A new [study][2] meant to investigate energy conservation of free and open source ad blockers has unexpectedly shown that Internet ads are wasting shocking amounts of your time.
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More importantly, the results show how you can get that time back. The study estimates that the average Internet user would save over 100 hours a year by using [uBlock Origi][3][n][3][,][3] a free and open source ad blocker. uBlock Origin was the most effective ad blocker tested, but all ad blockers save time, energy and money according to the study.
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![Ad blocker screen comparison][4]
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The results show that page load time dropped 11% with [AdBlock+][5], 22% with [Privacy Badger][6], and 28% with [uBlock Origi][3][n][3]. These are not significant on a single page, but Internet users spend more than half of their time online rapidly clicking through websites, spending less than 15 seconds on a given page. With all these clicks, the additional time to load ads really starts to add up.
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The article _[Energy Conservation with Open Source Ad Blockers][7]_, published in the journal _Technologies,_ was originally conceived to address rising energy consumption. Internet-related electricity consumption is rising rapidly as global Internet users spend more than 6.5 hours per day online. Americans, for example, have more than doubled the time they spend online since 2000 to almost 24 hours a week. Open source ad blockers have the potential to reduce the time, and thus the electricity, spent by eliminating ads during Internet browsing and video streaming.
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In the study, three open source ad blockers were tested against a "no ad blocker" control. Page load times were recorded for browsing a representative selection of the most-accessed websites worldwide, including web searching (Google, Yahoo, Bing), information (Weather.com, Wikipedia), and news sites (CNN, Fox, New York Times). In addition, the study analyzed the time spent watching ads on videos for both trending and non-trending content. This part of the study was more challenging due to the lack of data on the ratio of YouTube watching time spent on trending vs. non-trending content. The time wasted viewing ads per video ranged from 0.06% up to a staggering 21%. Thus, the total hours lost to loading ads was only recorded for browsing.
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Overall, the results showed that the energy wasted loading ads is not trivial. As a lot of the electricity used for running computers continues to come from coal, which causes air pollution and premature death, the study analyzed the potential for ad blockers to save American lives. The results were shocking: the energy conserved if everyone in the United States used the open source ad blocker would save over 36 American lives per year.
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Electricity costs money, so cutting ads could also save consumers money. In the United States, if all Internet users enabled Privacy Badger on their computers, Americans would save more than $91 million annually. Globally, the results of the investigation were even more striking. uBlock Origin could save global consumers more than $1.8 billion a year.
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This study was done before everyone was forced to stay home because of the COVID-19 pandemic, so all the values can be viewed as conservative underestimates. Overall, the study found open source ad blockers are a potentially effective technology for energy conservation.
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Although free and open source ad blockers save energy and are good for the environment, you are probably going to use them primarily to block annoying ads and save yourself time.
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via: https://opensource.com/article/20/4/ad-blockers
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作者：[Joshua Pearce][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/jmpearce
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/browser_desktop_website_checklist_metrics.png?itok=OKKbl1UR (Browser of things)
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[2]: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7080/8/2/18
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[3]: https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock
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[4]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/os_ad_blocker_story_.png (Ad blocker screen comparison)
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[5]: https://adblockplus.org/
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[6]: https://privacybadger.org/
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[7]: https://www.academia.edu/42434401/Energy_Conservation_with_Open_Source_Ad_Blockers
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (CrazyShipOne)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (What you need to know about open source ad blockers)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/4/ad-blockers)
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[#]: author: (Joshua Pearce https://opensource.com/users/jmpearce)
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关于开源广告拦截器你需要知道的事
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======
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三个开源广告拦截器针对“无广告拦截器"的情况进行了测试。
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![Browser of things][1]
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一项为了调查免费开源广告拦截器节能情况的[研究][2]，意外地发现了互联网广告正在浪费你大量的时间。
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更重要的是，研究结果表明了你可以挽救回失去的时间。这项研究评估发现，使用 [uBlock Origin][3]（一个开源免费的广告拦截器）的情况下平均每个网民一年可以节约超过 100 个小时的时间。 uBlock Origin 是测试中最节能的广告拦截器，不过其他的广告拦截器也为网民节省了时间，能源以及金钱。
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![Ad blocker screen comparison][4]
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在研究结果中，[AdBlock+][5] 减少了11 % 的页面加载时间，[Privacy Badger][6] 减少了22 %，[uBlock Origin][3] 减少了28 %。对于单独一个页面来说这个时间並不算多，但是网民们浏览页面时常常花费半数以上的时间在网站上快速点击，并且通常在一个页面停留少于 15 秒。鉴于这种情况，加载广告的额外时间增加了许多。
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发布于 _Technologies_ 杂志上的 _[Energy Conservation with Open Source Ad Blockers][7]_ 最初旨在解决日益增长的能源消耗问题。由于全球网民每日花费超过 6.5 小时上网冲浪，互联网相关用电量正在快速地增加。比如，美国自 2000 年以来网上冲浪时间已经翻倍至几乎一周24小时的时间。开源广告拦截器通过消灭网上冲浪和观看视频时产生的广告，具有节约能源和时间的潜力。
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在研究过程中，三个开源广告拦截器针对“无广告拦截器”情况进行了测试。一系列全世界最具代表性访问最频繁网站的页面加载时间被记录在案，其中包括搜索引擎（Google，Yahoo，Bing），信息网站（Weather.com，Wikipedia）以及新闻门户（CNN，Fox，New York Times）。除此之外，研究还分析了观看流行与非流行视频内容时广告所花费的时间。这部分研究由于缺乏 Youtube 上流行和非流行内容观看比例的数据而非常具有挑战性。每个视频浪费的广告时间可以从 0.06 % 上升到惊人的 21 %。而且，这还只是浏览器上记录的加载广告而失去的时间。
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总的来说，研究结果表明加载广告所浪费的能源并不是最重要的。由于运行计算机所需的大量电能来自于造成空气污染和人类减寿的煤炭，研究分析了广告拦截器挽救美国人生命的潜在可能性。结果是令人震惊的：如果每一个美国人使用开源广告拦截器，所节约的能源每年将会拯救超过36个美国人的生命
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电能即金钱，所以削减广告也可以为消费者节约钱财。在美国，如果所有的网民都在他们的电脑上开启 [Privacy Badger][8]，美国人每年可以节约超过 9100 万美元。全球的研究结果则更令人吃惊。uBlock Origin 每年可以为全球消费者节约 18 亿美元。
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这项研究开始于人们因为新冠肺炎大流行而被迫居家之前，因此所有的数据都可以被认为是保守的估算。整体来说，研究发现了开源广告拦截器是一项潜在的可以节约能源的有效技术。
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虽然免费的开源广告拦截器可以节约能源并且对自然环境友好，但是可能你只是因为它们可以拦截烦人的广告以节省时间而使用它们。
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via: https://opensource.com/article/20/4/ad-blockers
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作者：[Joshua Pearce][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[CrazyShipOne](https://github.com/CrazyShipOne)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/jmpearce
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/browser_desktop_website_checklist_metrics.png?itok=OKKbl1UR (Browser of things)
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[2]: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7080/8/2/18
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[3]: https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock
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[4]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/os_ad_blocker_story_.png (Ad blocker screen comparison)
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[5]: https://adblockplus.org/
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[6]: https://privacybadger.org/
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[7]: https://www.academia.edu/42434401/Energy_Conservation_with_Open_Source_Ad_Blockers
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[8]: https://privacybadger.org/
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