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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Huawei ban could complicate 5G deployment)
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[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3575408/huawei-ban-could-complicate-5g-deployment.html)
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[#]: author: (Jon Gold https://www.networkworld.com/author/Jon-Gold/)
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Huawei ban could complicate 5G deployment
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======
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Bans on Huawei, ZTE mean fewer choices for wireless carriers building 5G services
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Vertigo3D / Getty Images
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As carriers race to build out their 5G networks, options for buying the gear they need are fewer in the U.S. than in other countries thanks to federal pressure, which could be slowing deployments.
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### 5G resources
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* [What is 5G? Fast wireless technology for enterprises and phones][1]
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* [How 5G frequency affects range and speed][2]
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* [Private 5G can solve some problems that Wi-Fi can’t][3]
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* [Private 5G keeps Whirlpool driverless vehicles rolling][4]
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* [5G can make for cost-effective private backhaul][5]
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* [CBRS can bring private 5G to enterprises][6]
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China-based Huawei and ZTE were both banned from providing equipment to the government itself in the Defense Authorization Act of 2018, and a general import ban followed shortly thereafter. That has changed the competitive landscape considerably, and raises questions about how the shape of 5G in America could change as a consequence.
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Michael Porowski , a Gartner analyst, said it’s possible, though not completely clear, that the restriction on where carriers can buy their 5G equipment is slowing deployment.
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“There’s still an ample number of suppliers – Ericsson, Nokia, Samsung,” he said. Both ZTE and Huawei are more economical options, he said, and “if they were available, you might see a bit faster adoption.”
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[[Get regularly scheduled insights by signing up for Network World newsletters.]][7]
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There’s a sense in the industry that Huawei equipment is both sophisticated and priced to move, according to Christian Renaud, research director at 451 Research, but there’s also no clear alternative that carriers will gravitate to in the absence of Huawei.
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“Here, you’ll have carriers that have standardized on Nokia or Ericsson,” he said. “[And] it’s too soon to tell who’s most sophisticated because deployments are so limited.”
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That contention is borne out by coverage maps from the carriers themselves. While they have been quick to trumpet the presence of 5G service in many U.S. markets, the actual geographic coverage is mostly restricted to public spaces in the urban cores of major cities. The lion’s share of 5G deployment, in short, is yet to come.
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There are good reasons for slow deployment. 5G access points have to be deployed far more densely than earlier generation wireless technology, making the process more involved and time-consuming. There’s also the issue that the number of currently available 5G user devices is vanishingly small.
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“It’s like saying ‘I’ve got this eight-lane superhighway,’ before someone has invented cars,” said Renaud.
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Part of the current goal for equipment vendors is demonstrating the potentials of 5G through private deployments that use the technology for backhaul, supporting [IoT][8] and other link use cases specific to a single enterprise.
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“[The equipment vendors] are all pushing hard on the private piece, and then they can use that to say, ‘Look, I’m working the Brooklyn dockyards or something in a private 5G network, so … if I can do that I can run people’s YouTube connections,’” Renaud said.
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An unfortunate result of the China ban might be a splintering of the specifications that vendors follow to meet 5G requirements. If non-China vendors have to make one version for markets where Huawei and ZTE are allowed and a different version for places they are not, it could create a new headache for them, according to Renaud.
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“That’ll shift the burden of costs to the device makers to try to support the different carrier implementations," he said. “We’ll have created nontechnical barriers.” And those, in turn, could cause customer experience to suffer.
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But 5G has embraced a move toward greater interoperability with [open radio access network technology][9] that standardizes the software interfaces between layers of the 5G stack. The push is embraced by carriers and equipment vendors alike, making interoperability more likely, which could draw in even more players in the future.
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Of course, even with pervasive interoperability, equipment makers will still try to build customer dependency. “There’s always going to be a tug of war between vendors trying to lock in customers and customers trying to stay vendor-neutral,” he said. “That’s not going to change a lot. [But] we’ve obviously seen a move toward trying to be more open.”
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Join the Network World communities on [Facebook][10] and [LinkedIn][11] to comment on topics that are top of mind.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3575408/huawei-ban-could-complicate-5g-deployment.html
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作者：[Jon Gold][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Jon-Gold/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3203489/what-is-5g-fast-wireless-technology-for-enterprises-and-phones.html
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[2]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3568253/how-5g-frequency-affects-range-and-speed.html
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[3]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3568614/private-5g-can-solve-some-enterprise-problems-that-wi-fi-can-t.html
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[4]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3488799/private-5g-keeps-whirlpool-driverless-vehicles-rolling.html
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[5]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3570724/5g-can-make-for-cost-effective-private-backhaul.html
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[6]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3529291/cbrs-wireless-can-bring-private-5g-to-enterprises.html
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[7]: https://www.networkworld.com/newsletters/signup.html
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[8]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3207535/what-is-iot-the-internet-of-things-explained.html
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[9]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3574977/carriers-vendors-work-to-promote-5g-network-flexibility-with-open-standards.html
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[10]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
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[11]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world
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@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Huawei ban could complicate 5G deployment)
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[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3575408/huawei-ban-could-complicate-5g-deployment.html)
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[#]: author: (Jon Gold https://www.networkworld.com/author/Jon-Gold/)
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华为禁令可能使 5G 部署复杂化
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======
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对华为、中兴的禁令意味着无线运营商建设 5G 服务的选择减少了。
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随着运营商竞相建设他们的 5G 网络，由于联邦的压力，在美国购买所需设备的选择比其他国家少，这可能会减缓部署。
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### 5G资源
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* [什么是 5G？ 企业和手机的快速无线技术][1] 。
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* [5G 频率如何影响范围和速度][2]
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* [私有 5G 可以解决 Wi-Fi 不能解决的一些问题][3]
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* [私有 5G 让惠而浦无人驾驶汽车到来][4] 。
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* [5G 可使私有回传具有成本效益][5]
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* [CBRS 可以把私有 5G 带到企业][6]
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在 2018 年的《国防授权法案》中，总部位于中国的华为和中兴通讯都被禁止向政府提供设备，随后不久，就是全面禁止进口。这大大改变了竞争格局，并引发了美国 5G 的形态可能因此而改变的问题。
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Gartner 的分析师 Michael Porowski 表示，虽然还不完全清楚，但有可能运营商在哪里购买 5G 设备的限制正在减缓部署。
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他说：”仍然有充足的供应商：爱立信、诺基亚、三星。中兴和华为都是更经济的选择。如果它们可用，你可能会看到更快的采用速度。”
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451 Research 的研究总监 Christian Renaud 表示，业界有一种感觉，即华为设备既复杂又价格低廉，但在没有华为的情况下，运营商也没有明确的替代方案。
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他说：”这里，会有运营商以诺基亚或爱立信为标准。（而且）现在判断谁最复杂还为时过早，因为部署是如此有限。”
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这种争论在运营商本身的覆盖地图上得到证实。虽然他们很快就大肆宣传 5G 服务在美国许多市场的存在，但实际的地理覆盖范围大多局限于大城市核心区的公共场所。简而言之，大部分地区的 5G 部署还没有到来。
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部署缓慢是有充分理由的。5G 接入点的部署密度要远高于早期一代无线技术，因此过程中涉及的内容更多，也更耗时。还有一个问题是，目前可用的 5G 用户设备数量还很少。
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Renaud 说：”这就好比说， 在有人发明汽车之前，说”我已经有了这条八车道的超级高速公路“。“
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设备供应商目前的部分目标是通过私人部署来展示 5G 的潜力，这些部署将该技术用回传，用于支持[物联网][8]和其他针对单个企业的链接场景。
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Renaud 说：”（设备供应商）都在大力推动私有化这一块，然后他们可以利用这一点说，你看，我在私有化的 5G 这块做着布鲁克林造船厂之类的事情，所以，如果我能实现，我就可以运行人们的 YouTube 连接。“
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中国禁令的一个不幸结果可能是供应商为满足 5G 要求而遵循的规范的分裂。Renaud 称，如果非中国供应商必须为允许华为和中兴的市场制作一个版本，而为不允许华为和中兴的地方制作不同的版本，这可能会给他们带来新的麻烦。
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他说：”这将把成本负担转移到设备制造商身上，来试图支持不同的运营商实施。我们会造成非技术性的障碍。” 而这些，又会导致客户体验受到影响。
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但是，5G 已经接受了一种拥有更高的互操作性的[开放无线接入网技术][9]，它将 5G 栈各层之间的软件接口标准化。运营商和设备商都接受了这一推动，使得互操作性更有可能，这可能会在未来吸引更多的玩家。
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当然，即便是普遍的互操作性，设备制造商仍然会试图建立客户依赖性。他说”在试图锁定客户的供应商和试图保持供应商中立的客户之间，总是会有一场拉锯战。这不会有很大的改变。（但是）我们显然已经看到了试图更加开放的动向。”
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加入 [Facebook][10] 和 [LinkedIn][11] 上的 Network World 社区，对热门话题进行评论。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3575408/huawei-ban-could-complicate-5g-deployment.html
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作者：[Jon Gold][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Jon-Gold/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3203489/what-is-5g-fast-wireless-technology-for-enterprises-and-phones.html
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[2]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3568253/how-5g-frequency-affects-range-and-speed.html
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[3]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3568614/private-5g-can-solve-some-enterprise-problems-that-wi-fi-can-t.html
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[4]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3488799/private-5g-keeps-whirlpool-driverless-vehicles-rolling.html
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[5]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3570724/5g-can-make-for-cost-effective-private-backhaul.html
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[6]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3529291/cbrs-wireless-can-bring-private-5g-to-enterprises.html
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[8]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3207535/what-is-iot-the-internet-of-things-explained.html
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[9]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3574977/carriers-vendors-work-to-promote-5g-network-flexibility-with-open-standards.html
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[10]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
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[11]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world
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