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[Translating] news/20150413 Linux Kernel 4.0 Features Live Kernel Patchi...
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Linux Kernel 4.0 Features Live Kernel Patching, PS3 Support
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================================================================================
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**A new stable release of the Linux Kernel [has been announced][1] by Linus Torvalds on the Linux kernel mailing list. **
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Linux 4.0, codenamed ‘Hurr durr I’m a sheep’ — no, really — brings with it a small set of new hardware support, driver improvements, performance tweaks, bug fixes and the like.
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But remarking on the minor-ness of the update, Torvalds’ writes;
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> “Feature-wise, 4.0 doesn’t have all that much special. Much have been made of the new kernel patching infrastructure, but realistically […] we’ve had much bigger changes in other versions. So this is very much a “solid code progress” release.”
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Linus adds that Linux 4.1 is likely to be a ‘bigger release’.
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### New Linux Kernel 4.0 Features ###
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Install Kernel Updates Without Rebooting
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If you’ve ever been put out by the need to reboot your Linux box to finish installing a kernel update you won’t be alone. It’s a minor inconvenience on the desktop, and a major one for servers.
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Reboot-free Kernel Updates
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The ability to install/apply security patches to the Linux kernel “live”, without the need to reboot, has been a long-held want of many Linux enthusiasts for years.
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A slew of third-party projects, like [Oracle’s KSplice][2] and Red Hat’s Kpatch, have sought to offer live patching functionality for certain distributions.
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For servers, enterprise and mission-critical use cases where uptime is priority live kernel patching is a pretty big deal.
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The good news is that Linux 4.0 makes having to reboot to complete a kernel update a thing of the past.
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Well, almost.
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The initial groundwork to support reboot-free patching arrives in this latest release, ready for experienced sysadmins to take advantage of in Linux 4.0.
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Desktop Linux distributions should also be able to take advantage of the feature too (though given the complexity involved in configuring the reboot-less functionality on the end-user side it may be a little way off).
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This infrastructure will continue to be refined and improved on over the course of the 4.x series. As it does so I expect we’ll all start to hear more about it.
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#### Other Changes ####
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Although it is considered a small release the latest Linux kernel manages to squeeze in a welcome set of hardware improvements, new drivers and performance tweaks. These include:
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- Improvements to Intel ‘Skylake’ platform
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- Intel Quark SoC support
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- Various patches to improve Linux running on a Playstation 3
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- TOpen-source AMD Radeon driver supports DisplayPort Audio
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- Various misc HID driver tweaks, including Lenovo compact keyboards, Wacom Cintiq 27QHD
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- Toshiba power settings driver adds USB sleep/charge functionality, rapid charge, sleep w/ music, etc
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- File System tweaks, including F2FS, BtrfFS, etc
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### Install Linux Kernel 4.0 on Ubuntu ###
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Although classed as stable there is, at present, **no need for desktop users or new-comers to go upgrade**.
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The impatient and adept can take a crack at installing Linux 4.0 in Ubuntu 15.04 Beta by grabbing the appropriate set of packages from [Canonical’s mainline kernel archive][3] or by risking a third-party PPA hosted on Launchpad.
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Ubuntu 15.04 Vivid Vervet is due later this month and will ship with Ubuntu Kernel 3.19 (the Ubuntu kernel is the Linux Kernel plus Ubuntu-specific patches that have not been accepted upstream).
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2015/04/linux-kernel-4-0-new-features
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作者：[Joey-Elijah Sneddon][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://plus.google.com/117485690627814051450/?rel=author
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[1]:https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/4/12/178
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[2]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2009/10/how-to-install-kernel-updates-without-rebooting
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[3]:http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/?C=N;O=D
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Linux内核4.0功能 实时内核补丁，支持PS3
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================================================================================
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**Linux Torvalds 在Linux内核邮件列表里[发布][1]了Linux内核新的稳定版。**
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Linux 4.0，代号为‘Hurr durr I’m a sheep’ - 不，真的 - 带来了一小系列新的硬件支持，驱动改进，性能调整，错误修复等。
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但对于微小更新的标注，Torvalds 写到：
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>功能方面，4.0 并没有那么多特别的。虽然在内核补丁设施上做了很多工作，但事实上[...] 我们在其它版本中有更大的改变。所以这仅仅是一次“可靠代码进步”的发布。
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Linus 补充说Linux 4.1 可能是一个“大版本”。
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### Linux内核4.0新功能 ###
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无需重启安装内核更新
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你肯定曾今因为要重启你的Linux系统以完成内核更新而被打断工作，这并不是你一个人遇到的问题。这对于桌面操作系统来说是个小小的不方便，对于服务器来说却是大问题。
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内核更新无需重启
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实时给Linux内核安装/使用安全补丁而不需要重启，多年来一直是Linux爱好者希望实现的事情。
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一些第三方项目，例如[Oracle 的 KSplice][2]和红帽的Kpatch，力求为一些特定的发行版提供实时补丁的功能。
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对于服务器，企业单位以及关键任务正常运行，实现实时内核补丁是一个相当大的问题。
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好消息是Linux 4.0 使得重启系统以完成内核更新成为了过去。
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或者，几乎。
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在最新的发行版中，实现了支持免重启安装补丁的最初基础，随时为有经验的系统管理员利用Linux4.0的优势做好了准备。
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桌面Linux发行版也应该能够利用这个功能的优势(但考虑到在最终用户端配置免重启功能会比较复杂而有一些路要走)。
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在以后的4.x系列中，这个基础功能会持续完善和改进。我希望我们能更多听到它正是如此的信息。
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#### 其它改进 ####
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尽管被认为是一次小版本的发布，最新的Linux内核还是带来了一系列的硬件改进，新的驱动以及性能调整。
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它们包括：
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- 针对Intel ‘Skylake’ 平台的改进
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- 支持Intel Quark SoC
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- 改善Linux在Playstation 3上运行的系列补丁
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- TOpen-source AMD Radeon驱动支持DisplayPort音频
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- 各种HID驱动调整，包括Lenovo紧凑型键盘，Wacom Cintiq 27QHD
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- 东芝电源设置驱动器增加了USB睡眠/充电功能，快速充电，睡眠/音乐等
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- 文件系统调整，包括F2FS, BtrfFS等
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### 在Ubuntu上安装Linux内核4.0 ###
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尽管被归为稳定版本，目前而言，**桌面用户和新用户没有必要去升级**。
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通过从[Canonical的主线内核文档][3]抓取合适的安装包或者冒第三方PPA库的风险在Ubuntu 15.04测试版安装Linux4.0，急躁或者不娴熟可能会带来问题。
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Ubuntu 15.04 Vivid Vervet 将在本月晚些时候发布并会附带Ubuntu内核 3.19(Ubuntu内核是由Linux内核以及一些上游还没有接受的特定Ubuntu补丁组成)。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2015/04/linux-kernel-4-0-new-features
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作者：[Joey-Elijah Sneddon][a]
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译者：[ictlyh](https://github.com/ictlyh)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://plus.google.com/117485690627814051450/?rel=author
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[1]:https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/4/12/178
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[2]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2009/10/how-to-install-kernel-updates-without-rebooting
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[3]:http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/?C=N;O=D
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