Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject

README.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 LCTT是Linux中国社区（[http://linux.cn/]()）的翻译组，负责从国外优秀媒体翻译Linux相关的技术、资讯、杂文等内容。
 
-LCTT已经拥有三十余名活跃成员，并欢迎更多的Linux志愿者加入我们的团队。
+LCTT已经拥有四十余名活跃成员，并欢迎更多的Linux志愿者加入我们的团队。
 
 LCTT的组成
 -------------------------------
@@ -36,37 +36,45 @@ LCTT的组成
 - CORE [wxy](https://github.com/wxy),
 - CORE [carolinewuyan](https://github.com/carolinewuyan),
 - CORE [DeadFire](https://github.com/DeadFire),
-- CORE [tinyeyeser](https://github.com/tinyeyeser),
 - CORE [geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi),
+- CORE [tinyeyeser](https://github.com/tinyeyeser),
 - CORE [vito-L](https://github.com/vito-L),
 - CORE [jasminepeng](https://github.com/jasminepeng),
 - [luoxcat](https://github.com/Luoxcat),
-- [flsf](https://github.com/flsf),
 - [runningwater](https://github.com/runningwater),
-- [Linux-pdz](https://github.com/Linux-pdz),
-- [woodboow](https://github.com/woodboow),
 - [bazz2](https://github.com/bazz2),
+- [flsf](https://github.com/flsf),
+- [Linux-pdz](https://github.com/Linux-pdz),
 - [Vic020](https://github.com/Vic020),
-- [crowner](https://github.com/crowner),
+- [woodboow](https://github.com/woodboow),
 - [KayGuoWhu](https://github.com/KayGuoWhu),
-- [scusjs](https://github.com/scusjs),
 - [Linchenguang](https://github.com/Linchenguang),
+- [crowner](https://github.com/crowner),
+- [yechunxiao19](https://github.com/yechunxiao19),
+- [scusjs](https://github.com/scusjs),
+- [hyaocuk](https://github.com/hyaocuk),
 - [theo-l](https://github.com/theo-l),
 - [l3b2w1](https://github.com/l3b2w1),
-- [hyaocuk](https://github.com/hyaocuk),
-- [boredivan](https://github.com/boredivan),
 - [NearTan](https://github.com/NearTan),
+- [boredivan](https://github.com/boredivan),
+- [liuaiping](https://github.com/liuaiping),
+- [zpl1025](https://github.com/zpl1025),
 - [rogetfan](https://github.com/rogetfan),
 - [whatever1992](https://github.com/whatever1992),
 - [icybreaker](https://github.com/icybreaker),
+- [ThomazL](https://github.com/ThomazL),
+- [SteveArcher](https://github.com/SteveArcher),
+- [FineFan](https://github.com/FineFan),
 - [ailurus1991](https://github.com/ailurus1991),
 - [Maclauring](https://github.com/Maclauring),
 - [small-Wood](https://github.com/small-Wood),
 - [willqian](https://github.com/willqian),
 - [stduolc](https://github.com/stduolc),
-- [SteveArcher](https://github.com/SteveArcher),
 - [lijhg](https://github.com/lijhg),
-（更新于2014/1/2）
+- [tomatoKiller](https://github.com/tomatoKiller),
+- [zsJacky](https://github.com/zsJacky),
+
+（更新于2014/3/12）
 
 谢谢大家的支持！
 

published/10 Linux／Unix Bash and KSH Shell Job Control Examples.md

@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
-10个 Linux/Unix下 Bash和KSH shell 的作业控制实例
+10个 Linux/Unix下 Bash 和 KSH shell 的作业控制实例
 ================================================================================
 ![](http://s0.cyberciti.org/uploads/cms/2014/02/unix-llnux-shell-job-control-series.jpg)
 
-Linux 和 Unix 属于多任务的操作系统，也就是说一个系统在同一时间段内能运行多重任务(进程)。在这个新的博客系列，我将会列出相关的 Linux和Unix作业控制的命令，你可以通过这些命令在 Bash 或 Korn 还有 POSIX shell 下实现执行多重任务。
+Linux 和 Unix 属于多任务的操作系统，也就是说一个系统在同一时间段内能运行多重任务(进程)。在这个新的博客系列，我将会列出相关的 Linux 和 Unix 作业（job）控制的命令，你可以通过这些命令在 Bash 或 Korn 还有 POSIX shell 下实现执行多重任务。
 
 ### 什么是作业控制？###
 
-作业控制不过是能够停止/挂起(stop/suspend)正在执行的进程(命令)也可以继续/唤醒(continue/resume)你需要的每一个进程来执行。这完全可以用你的操作系统和类似 bash/ksh 或 POSIX shell 完成。
+作业控制不只是能够停止/挂起(stop/suspend)正在执行的进程(命令)，也可以继续/唤醒(continue/resume)执行你需要的每一个进程。这完全可以用你的操作系统和 bash/ksh 之类的 shell 或 POSIX shell 完成。
 
-### 谁提供给了作业控制的设施条件 ###
+### 谁给作业控制的提供了环境？ ###
 
-Bash / Korn shell,或者是 POSIX shell 提供给了作业控制的设施条件。
+Bash / Korn shell，或者是 POSIX shell 提供给了作业控制的环境。
 
 ### 跟作业表打个招呼吧 ###
 
 你的 shell 会留有一张当前作业的表单，称为作业表。当你键入命令时，shell 会给它分配一个 jobID(也称作 JOB_SPEC)。一个 jobID 或 JOB_SPEC只是很小的整数数值。
 
-#### #1: 创建你的首个 Linux/Unix 作业(job) ####
+#### #1: 创建你的首个 Linux/Unix 作业 ####
 
 我要运行一个名为 xeyes 的命令，它会在屏幕上显示两个椭圆的眼睛,输入：
     $ xeyes &
@@ -42,48 +42,47 @@ Bash / Korn shell,或者是 POSIX shell 提供给了作业控制的设施条件
     xload &
     sleep 100000 &
 
-#### #2: 列出当前的jobs ####
+#### #2: 列出当前的作业 ####
 
-To [see the status of active jobs in the current shell][1], type:
+要[查看当前 shell 的激活的任务状态][1]，输入：
 
     $ jobs
     $ jobs -l
 
-输出样例:
+输出如下:
 
     [1]   9379 Running                 xeyes &
     [2]   9380 Running                 gedit /tmp/hello.c &
     [3]-  9420 Running                 xload &
     [4]+  9421 Running                 sleep 100000 &
 
-A brief description of each field is given below:
+简要描述如下：
 
-(注：表格部分，这样发表出来应该会方便看一点)
-<table border="1"><tbody><tr><th>字段</th><th>值</th><th>描述</th><th>示例</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>[1]</td><td><strong>jobID</strong> 或 <strong>JOB_SPEC</strong> - 工作号要与fg, bg, wait, kill和其他shell命令一起使用。你必须在工作号前缀添加一个百分号。(<kbd><strong>%</strong></kbd>).<br>加号 (<kbd>+</kbd>) 标识着默认的或是现在的 job。<br>减号 (<kbd>-</kbd>) 标识着先前的 job。</td><td><kbd>%1</kbd><br><kbd>fg %1</kbd><br><kbd>kill %2</kbd></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>9379</td><td><strong>进程 ID</strong> - 系统自动为每个进程创建并分配地独有的身份标志号。</td><td>kill 9379</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Running</td><td><strong>状态</strong> - 关于 job 的状态:<br><kbd><strong>Running</strong></kbd> - 该 job 正在运行,还没有被外部信号挂起。<br><kbd><strong>Stopped</strong></kbd> - 该 job 已经被挂起。<br></td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>xeyes &amp;</td><td><strong>command</strong> - 由shell给出的命令。</td><td>script &amp;<br>firefox url&amp;</td></tr></tbody></table>
+<table border="1"><tbody><tr><th>字段</th><th>值</th><th>描述</th><th>示例</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>[1]</td><td><strong>jobID</strong> 或 <strong>JOB_SPEC</strong> - 工作号要与fg, bg, wait, kill和其他shell命令一起使用。你必须在工作号前缀添加一个百分号：(<kbd><strong>%</strong></kbd>)。<br>加号 (<kbd>+</kbd>) 标识着默认的或是现在的作业。<br>减号 (<kbd>-</kbd>) 标识着前一个作业。</td><td><kbd>%1</kbd><br><kbd>fg %1</kbd><br><kbd>kill %2</kbd></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>9379</td><td><strong>进程 ID</strong> - 系统自动为每个进程创建并分配地独有的身份标志号。</td><td>kill 9379</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Running</td><td><strong>状态</strong> - 关于作业的状态:<br><kbd><strong>Running</strong></kbd> - 该 作业正在运行,还没有被外部信号挂起。<br><kbd><strong>Stopped</strong></kbd> - 该作业已经被挂起。<br></td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>xeyes &amp;</td><td><strong>command</strong> - 由shell给出的命令。</td><td>script &amp;<br>firefox url&amp;</td></tr></tbody></table>
 
 你也可以用 ps 命名列出当前系统正在运行的进程:
 
     $ ps
 
-#### #3: 停止或挂起正在运行的jobs ####
+#### #3: 停止或挂起正在运行的作业 ####
 
 按下[Ctrl]-[Z]键或使用[kill 命令][2],如下所示：
 
     kill -s stop PID
 
-举个例子，启动[ping 命令][3]，然后用 Ctrl-Z 键触发停止 ping 命令的job：
+举个例子，启动[ping 命令][3]，然后用 Ctrl-Z 键来停止 ping 命令作业：
 
 [![](http://s0.cyberciti.org/uploads/cms/2014/02/suspend-unix-job-command.gif)][5]
-*Animated gif 01: 挂起 ping 命令的 job*
+*Animated gif 01: 挂起 ping 命令作业*
 
-#### #4: 在前台恢复 挂起的/停止的 job ####
+#### #4: 在前台恢复 挂起的/停止的作业 ####
 
-让我们[恢复处于停止状态下的 job 回到前台运行][6],要实现这个目标当前 job 必须借助[fg 命令][7]。具体语法如下：
+让我们[恢复处于停止状态下的作业，让它回到前台继续运行][6]，要将其变成当前作业，必须借助[fg 命令][7]。具体语法如下：
 
     ## ping 命令的作业号的值为5 ##
     fg %5
 
-我也可以规定命令行开端符合字符串"ping"的 job[译注：不能出现不明确的字符串，例如如果后台有两个 vim 进程而你敲入 fg %vim 会报错。]:
+我也可以规定命令行开端符合字符串"ping"的作业[译注：不能出现不明确的字符串，例如如果后台有两个 vim 进程而你敲入 fg %vim 会报错。]:
 
     ## %String ##
     fg %ping
@@ -95,13 +94,13 @@ A brief description of each field is given below:
     64 bytes from www.cyberciti.biz (75.126.153.206): icmp_req=5 ttl=53 time=267 ms
     ^C
 
-#### #5: 在后台恢复 挂起/停止状态的 job ####
+#### #5: 在后台恢复 挂起/停止状态的作业 ####
 
-在这个例子中，我将要使用[yum 命令][8]更新所有安装在 Redhat 或 CentOS Linux 生产服务器上的软件包并置于后台作业。
+在这个例子中，我使用[yum 命令][8]更新所有安装在 Redhat 或 CentOS Linux 生产服务器上的软件包并置于后台作业。
 
     # yum -y update &>/root/patch.log &
 
-然而，由于一些原因(例如,过载问题)我决定停止这个 job 20分钟：
+然而，由于一些原因(例如,过载问题)我决定停止这个作业20分钟：
 
     # kill -s stop %yum
 
@@ -111,7 +110,7 @@ A brief description of each field is given below:
 
 #### 用 bg 重启停止在后台的 yum 进程 ####
 
-现在，我将要[恢复停止的 yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & job][9],键入：
+现在，我将要[恢复停止的 yum -y update &>/root/patch.log & 作业][9]，键入：
 
     # bg %7
 
@@ -131,17 +130,17 @@ A brief description of each field is given below:
 
 或者
 
-    # kill pid
+    # kill 进程ID
 
 输出样例：
 
     [7]+  Terminated              yum -y update &>/root/patch.log &
 
-在 Linux/FreeBSD/OS X Unix 下你可以[使用 killall 命令通过名字杀死进程或是 jobID 而不是通过 PID][12]
+在 Linux/FreeBSD/OS X Unix 下你也可以[使用 killall 命令通过名字杀死进程或是 jobID 而不是通过 PID][12]
 
-#### #7 为什么当我登出后 shell 会清除我的所有后台 jobs ####
+#### #7 为什么当我登出后 shell 会清除我的所有后台作业 ####
 
-在这个例子中,我将会启动 pdfwriter.py 来生成[这个站点][13]散装地 pdf 文件:
+在这个例子中,我将会启动 pdfwriter.py 来批量生成[这个站点][13]的 pdf 文件:
 
     ~/scripts/www/pdfwriter.py --profile=faq --type=clean --header=logo\
     --footer-left "nixCraft is GIT UL++++ W+++ C++++ M+ e+++ d-" \
@@ -153,14 +152,14 @@ A brief description of each field is given below:
     $ disown
     $ exit
 
-#### #8 使用一个名为 nohup 的外部命令阻止在登出时杀死 job ####
+#### #8 使用一个名为 nohup 的外部命令阻止在登出时杀死作业 ####
 
-你也可以使用[nohup 命令在你退出 shell 后执行 jobs][15]:
+你也可以使用[nohup 命令在你退出 shell 后执行作业][15]:
 
     $ nohup ~/scripts/www/pdfwriter.py --profile=faq .... &
     $ exit
 
-#### #9: 查找最后 job 的 PID ####
+#### #9: 查找最后的作业的 PID ####
 
 为了查找最近在后台执行的(异步)命令的进程ID，可使用 bash shell 的特殊参数 $!
 
@@ -171,9 +170,9 @@ A brief description of each field is given below:
 
     最近在后台执行的job 的PID - 9421
 
-#### #10: 等候 job 完成 ####
+#### #10: 等候作业完成 ####
 
-wait 命令会等候给予的进程ID 或 作业ID，然后报告它的终止状态。语法如下：
+wait 命令会等候给予的进程ID 或 作业ID指定的进程，然后报告它的终止状态。语法如下：
 
     /path/to/large-job/command/foo &
     wait $!
@@ -217,7 +216,7 @@ wait 命令会等候给予的进程ID 或 作业ID，然后报告它的终止状
 
 #### Linux 和 Unix 作业控制命令总结列表 ####
 
-<table border="1"><tbody><tr><th>命令</th><th>描述</th><th>示例</th></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>&amp;</strong></kbd></td><td>将 job 置入后台</td><td><kbd>命令 &amp;</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>%n</strong></kbd></td><td>设置作业号为 n (数字)的 job</td><td><kbd>命令 %1</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>%Word</strong></kbd></td><td>引用命令行开端包含 Word 的 job</td><td><kbd>命令 %yum</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>%?Word</strong></kbd></td><td>引用命令行包含 Word 的 job</td><td><kbd>命令 %?ping</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>%%</strong></kbd><br><kbd><strong>%+</strong></kbd></td><td>引用当前 job</td><td><kbd>kill %%<br>kill %+</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>%-</strong></kbd></td><td>引用先前 job</td><td><kbd>bg %-</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>CTRL-Z</strong><br><kbd><strong>kill -s stop jobID</strong></kbd></kbd></td><td>挂起或停止 job</td><td><kbd>kill -s stop %ping</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>jobs</strong><br><kbd><strong>jobs -l</strong></kbd></kbd></td><td>列出活动的 jobs</td><td><kbd>jobs -l</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>bg</strong></kbd></td><td>将 jobs 置入后台</td><td><kbd>bg %1<br>bg %ping</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>fg</strong></kbd></td><td>将 job 置入前台</td><td><kbd>fg %2<br>fg %apt-get</kbd></td></tr></tbody></table>
+<table border="1"><tbody><tr><th>命令</th><th>描述</th><th>示例</th></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>&amp;</strong></kbd></td><td>将作业置入后台</td><td><kbd>命令 &amp;</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>%n</strong></kbd></td><td>设置作业号为 n (数字)的作业</td><td><kbd>命令 %1</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>%Word</strong></kbd></td><td>引用命令行开端包含 Word 的作业</td><td><kbd>命令 %yum</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>%?Word</strong></kbd></td><td>引用命令行包含 Word 的作业</td><td><kbd>命令 %?ping</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>%%</strong></kbd><br><kbd><strong>%+</strong></kbd></td><td>引用当前作业</td><td><kbd>kill %%<br>kill %+</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>%-</strong></kbd></td><td>引用先前作业</td><td><kbd>bg %-</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>CTRL-Z</strong><br><kbd><strong>kill -s stop jobID</strong></kbd></kbd></td><td>挂起或停止作业</td><td><kbd>kill -s stop %ping</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>jobs</strong><br><kbd><strong>jobs -l</strong></kbd></kbd></td><td>列出活动的作业</td><td><kbd>jobs -l</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>bg</strong></kbd></td><td>将 作业置入后台</td><td><kbd>bg %1<br>bg %ping</kbd></td></tr><tr><td><kbd><strong>fg</strong></kbd></td><td>将作业置入前台</td><td><kbd>fg %2<br>fg %apt-get</kbd></td></tr></tbody></table>
 
 #### 关于 shell 内置命令和外部命令的小注 ####
 
@@ -252,7 +251,7 @@ wait 命令会等候给予的进程ID 或 作业ID，然后报告它的终止状
 
 via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/howto/unix-linux-job-control-command-examples-for-bash-ksh-shell/
 
-译者：[Luoxcat](https://github.com/Luoxcat) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+译者：[Luoxcat](https://github.com/Luoxcat) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
 
 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
 

published/2014 Linux Jobs Report--Demand for Linux Expertise Drives Hiring Priorities.md

@@ -37,11 +37,12 @@ Linux基金会是一个非营利性组织，意在推动Linux的成长和协调
 ###
 
 注册商标：The Linux Foundation, Linux Standard Base, MeeGo, OpenDaylight, Tizen和Yocto Project都属于Linux基金会的注册商标。OpenBEL是OpenBEL集团的注册商标。Linux是Linus Torvalds的注册商标。
+
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 via: http://www.linuxfoundation.org/news-media/announcements/2014/02/2014-linux-jobs-report-demand-linux-expertise-drives-hiring
 
-译者：[Mr小眼儿](http://blog.csdn.net/tinyeyeser) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+译者：[Mr小眼儿](http://blog.csdn.net/tinyeyeser) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
 
 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
 

published/Here are Facebook’s 9 top open-source projects from 2013.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 2013年Facebook排名前9位的开源项目
 ================================================================================
-Facebook和开源项目之间的关系就像Jay-Z和碧昂丝一样 — 二者缺一不可
+Facebook和开源项目之间的关系就像Jay-Z和碧昂丝一样 —— 二者缺一不可
 
 如果把Blue Ivy看作是后两者结合的产物的话，那么这个孩子就相当于Facebook的React, Rebound, HipHop, 以及其他的一些开源项目.
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Facebook和开源项目之间的关系就像Jay-Z和碧昂丝一样 — 二者
 
 via: http://venturebeat.com/2013/12/20/here-are-facebooks-9-top-open-source-projects-from-2013/
 
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+译者：[Linchenguang ](https://github.com/Linchenguang ) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
 
 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
 

published/Should Canonical Drop the Current Background Theme for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.md

@@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) 或许是时候撼动这件事了。Canonical同
 
 via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Should-Canonical-Drop-the-Curent-Background-Theme-for-Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-420737.shtml
 
-译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
 
 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

published/Two Pi R 2--Web Servers.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 树莓派使用实例之：2 Pi R 第二篇：Web服务器
 ================================================================================
-在我的上一篇[文章][1]中讲过如何做一个冗余系统：两个树莓派布署上 GlusterFS 集群文件系统，就变成一个容错文件服务器了。在这篇文章中我们会基于这个冗余系统构建另一个容错服务：建立一个简单的 Web 服务器集群。
+在我的上一篇[文章][1]中讲过如何做一个高可用系统：两个树莓派布署上 GlusterFS 集群文件系统，就变成一个容错文件服务器了。在这篇文章中我们会基于这个高可用系统构建另一个容错服务：建立一个简单的 Web 服务器集群。
 
 可能你没有看过我的上一篇文章，那我就在这里简单回顾一下上次的内容。我有两个树莓派：Pi1 和 Pi2。Pi1 的 IP 地址为 192.168.0.121，Pi2 的 IP 地址为 192.168.0.122。我把它们组合成为 GlusterFS 集群系统，共享一个存储卷，卷名为 gv0。并且这个 gv0 被挂载在两个树莓派上，挂载点都是 /mnt/gluster1，这样一来，两个树莓派能同时访问到这个共享卷。最后我测试了下系统的容错性，将共享卷挂载到第三个物理机上，并执行共享卷上的一个简单的脚本：打印系统时间并输出到 gv0 上的一个文件内，然后轮着关掉两台树莓派，检测这个冗余系统是否还能用。
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Nginx 安装好后，创建配置文件 /mnt/gluster1/cluster ，内容如下：
 
 注意：我这里把服务器命名为“twopir”，你可以根据自己爱好命名你的网站。另外我把 Web 服务器的根目录设置为 /mng/gluster1/www。这样，我就能把我的静态文件放在这个共享存储系统内，从而让两个树莓派主机都访问到它们。
 
-现在删除默认的 Nginx 配置文件，将上面配好的配置文件作为 Nginx 的配置文件。在 Debian 系统中，Nginx 将它的文件像 Apache 一样放在 sites-available 和 site-enabled 两个目录下面。虚拟主机配置文档放在 sites-available 中，而 sites-enabled 目录包含了你想生效的配置文件的软链接。
+现在删除默认的 Nginx 配置文件，将上面配好的配置文件作为 Nginx 的配置文件。在 Debian 系统中，Nginx 将它的配置文件像 Apache 一样放在 sites-available 和 site-enabled 两个目录下面。虚拟主机配置文档放在 sites-available 中，而 sites-enabled 目录包含了你想生效的配置文件的软链接。
 
     $ cd /etc/nginx/sites-available
     $ sudo ln -s /mnt/gluster1/cluster .
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Nginx 安装好后，创建配置文件 /mnt/gluster1/cluster ，内容如下：
 
     $ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart
 
-现在去 DNS 服务器为192.168.0.121的树莓派配置记录。你可以根据自己的情况配置你自己的域名和 IP 地址。现在在浏览器上输入 http://twopor/ 然后出现默认的 Nginx 首页。如果你查看下 /var/log/nginx/access.log 文件，你可以看到点击网页留下的记录。
+现在去 DNS 服务器为192.168.0.121的树莓派配置记录。你可以根据自己的情况配置你自己的域名和 IP 地址。现在在浏览器上输入 http://twopir/ 然后出现默认的 Nginx 首页。如果你查看下 /var/log/nginx/access.log 文件，你可以看到点击网页留下的记录。
 
 Nginx 能正常工作后，配置第二个树莓派。因为我们已经将配置文件都放在 GlusterFS 共享目录下，我们现在要做的只是安装 Nginx，创建相关的软链接，重启 Nginx：
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Nginx 能正常工作后，配置第二个树莓派。因为我们已经将配
 
 ### DNS 服务器上配置两条 A 记录 ###
 
-现在两个主机共享同一份文件，下一步是设置冗余系统的关键步骤。虽然你完全可以设置一个类似心跳的服务用于轮询检测哪个树莓派的 Web 服务是开启的，但这里有个更好的方法：两个 DNS 服务器使用 A 记录（译注：A 记录就是将域名转化为 IP 地址的记录，DNS 包含很多记录方式，如 A 记录、PTR 记录、MX 记录等等）同一个主机名，这就是传说中的 DNS 负载均衡，DNS 访问主机时，如果主机名对应多个 IP 地址，DNS 会随机返回这些 IP 地址的顺序：
+现在两个主机共享同一份文件，下一步是设置冗余系统的关键步骤。虽然你完全可以设置一个类似心跳的服务用于轮询检测哪个树莓派的 Web 服务是开启的，但这里有个更好的方法：给同一个主机名指定两个 DNS 的 A 记录，分别指向你的两个树莓派（译注：A 记录就是将域名转化为 IP 地址的记录，DNS 包含很多记录方式，如 A 记录、PTR 记录、MX 记录等等），这就是传说中的 DNS 负载均衡，DNS 访问主机时，如果主机名对应多个 IP 地址，DNS 会随机返回这些 IP 地址的顺序：
 
     $ dig twopir.example.com A +short
     192.168.0.121
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ Nginx 能正常工作后，配置第二个树莓派。因为我们已经将配
 
 via: http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/two-pi-r-2-web-servers
 
-译者：[bazz2](https://github.com/bazz2) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+译者：[bazz2](https://github.com/bazz2) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
 
 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
 
-[1]:http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/two-pi-r
+[1]:http://linux.cn/article-2587-1.html

published/Ubuntu will beat Microsoft in the race to Unified OS.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Canonical通过Ubuntu的发行正在开发一种无需不同版本就能够在
 
 > 真正的移动/桌面的整合会发生在下一个重要的发布周期——不会出现在14.04的更新中，但它可能会出现在14.10或者15.04。我们相信我们可以在微软对移动端和桌面平台的整合之前发布，虽然在移动端和桌面平台的整合也是微软确立的在设计与开发两方面的目标。
 
-当问到像Android一样良好发展中的操作系统以及缓慢然而稳定发展的Windows是否会对Canonical的未来发展的雄心壮志产生威胁时，Shuttleworth回答道
+当问到像Android一样良好发展中的操作系统以及缓慢然而稳定发展的Windows是否会对Canonical的未来发展的雄心壮志产生威胁时，Shuttleworth回答道：
 
 > 我认为我们和Windows8的最大不同是，我们是基于Linux的，就像Android一样。这意味着为Android设计的web以及本地应用比起Windows将会对Ubuntu更加有好。很大部分的Android开发者使用着Ubuntu作为他们的操作系统，而且他们基本上在Ubuntu中开发这些应用，因此对他们来说，同时开发Ubuntu的应用将会变得十分方便。
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Shuttleworth也暗示Canonical将会改变Ubuntu的6个月的发布周期，并
 
 via: http://www.linuxfederation.com/ubuntu-will-beat-microsoft/
 
-译者：ThomazL(https://github.com/ThomazL) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+译者：ThomazL(https://github.com/ThomazL) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
 
 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
 

sources/Daily Ubuntu Tips – Fix Black Screen In Ubuntu Guest With VirtualBox Screen Capture.md

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-Daily Ubuntu Tips – Fix Black Screen In Ubuntu Guest With VirtualBox Screen Capture
-================================================================================
-VirtualBox is a software that allows users to run multiple guest operating systems on a single host computer. It’s supports Windows, Mac OS X and Linux and is maintained my Oracle.
-
-We’ve written a lot on VirtualBox here. Do a quick search and you’ll see all the articles about VirtualBox.
-
-Now, here’s the story: VirtualBox comes with a feature that allows users to quickly take or capture screen shots of active guest machine sessions. These screenshots can then be shared with the host machine using the clipboard.
-
-The sad thing about it is, it won’t work if certain feature in Ubuntu guest machines is enabled. It had always been a pain until just recently when I stumbled upon the solution.
-
-Without this solution, when you take a screenshot in Ubuntu guest machines, the image will be completely dark and not useful at all.
-
-I dug solutions with no luck until just now.
-
-To enable bidirectional clipboard with Ubuntu guest and the host machine, click on the Ubuntu guest machine and select **Settings**. Then navigate to **General –> Advanced Tab** and enable it.
-
-![](http://www.liberiangeek.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/virtualboxsharedclipboard.png)
-
-Now, in theory, when you start the Ubuntu guest machine and press the **Print Screen** key or **Ctrl + Print Screen** keys, the guest machine should take a screenshot of its current desktop session. 
-
-You can then save it to the clipboard and access these images from the host machine.
-
-But if you also enable **3D Acceleration** feature for Ubuntu guests, the images will be completely dark.
-
-To fix that, you must disable 3D acceleration for Ubuntu guest machines.
-
-To disable it, select the Ubuntu guest machine and click **Settings**. Then navigate to **Systems – Display –> Video** tab and disable 3D Acceleration.
-
-![](http://www.liberiangeek.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/virtualboxsharedclipboard1.png)
-
-Well, you must disable 3D for Ubuntu guests in order to get this to work. Now launch the guest machine and try taking a screen shot.
-
-Hope this helps.
-
-Enjoy!
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: http://www.liberiangeek.net/2014/02/daily-ubuntu-tips-fix-black-screen-in-ubuntu-guest-with-virtualbox-screen-capture/
-
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

sources/Daily Ubuntu Tips – HPLIP 3.14.3 Released – Upgrade In Ubuntu.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+Daily Ubuntu Tips – HPLIP 3.14.3 Released – Upgrade In Ubuntu
+================================================================================
+HP Linux Imaging and printing (HPLIP) is an open-source package sponsored by HP to deliver full feature HP printer drivers to the Linux community.
+
+Installing this package which come default in Ubuntu allows full HP printer support in Ubuntu and other Linux distributions for thousands of HP printers. Support for more printers is being added regularly, which currently stands at over [2,300 HP printers][1].
+
+This version, 3.14.3 adds support for even more printers, including support for HP DeskJet Ink Advantage 4640 e-All-in-One Printer series, HP LaserJet Pro MFP M126nw, support for Debian 6.0.9, 7.3, 7.4 and Fedora 20.
+
+Besides adding support for new printers and distributions, some outstanding issues were also fixed in this release. Some of the fixes are; functionality alignment issues with HP OfficeJet 6100, issue that prevented a second fax queue in interactive more, and a missing No’ 6 3/4 Envelop media size for HP OfficeJet 7619 Series.
+
+For more about this release, please check out its release page at [http://sourceforge.net/p/hplip/news/2014/03/hplip-3143-public-release-/][2]
+
+Below is a complete list of newly support HP printers:
+
+- HP DeskJet Ink Advantage 4640 e-All-in-One Printer series
+- HP DeskJet Ink Advantage 4645 e-All-in-One Printer
+- HP DeskJet Ink Advantage 4646 e-All-in-One Printer
+- HP DeskJet Ink Advantage 4648 e-All-in-One Printer
+- HP LaserJet Pro MFP M125a
+- HP LaserJet Pro MFP M125nw
+- HP LaserJet Pro MFP M125rnw
+- HP LaserJet Pro MFP M126a
+- HP LaserJet Pro MFP M126nw
+- HP LaserJet Pro MFP M127fp
+
+To install / upgrade to this version, press **Ctrl – Alt – T** on your keyboard to open the terminal. When it opens, run the commands below to download the package.
+
+    wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/hplip/hplip-3.14.3.run
+
+Next, run the commands below to run the installation.
+
+    sh hplip-3.14.3.run
+
+Follow the wizard to guide you when installing. It’s pretty simple. For a complete step-by-step guide on installing it, please check this post out.
+
+http://www.liberiangeek.net/2013/02/hp-linux-imaging-and-printer-hplip-version-3-13-2-releasedadds-support-for-more-printers/
+
+After installing, you may have to restart your machine.
+
+![](http://www.liberiangeek.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/hplipubuntu3143.png)
+
+Enjoy!
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://www.liberiangeek.net/2014/03/daily-ubuntu-tips-hplip-3-14-3-released-upgrade-in-ubuntu/
+
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://hplipopensource.com/hplip-web/supported_devices/index.html
+[2]:http://sourceforge.net/p/hplip/news/2014/03/hplip-3143-public-release-/

sources/Easily Switch Audio Sources With Sound Switcher Indicator In Ubuntu.md

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-Easily Switch Audio Sources With Sound Switcher Indicator In Ubuntu
-================================================================================
-![](http://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Sound_switcher_Indicator.jpeg)
-
-Sound Switcher Indicator is an applet indicator developed by [Dmitry Kann][1]. The purpose of the applet indicator is very simple, it lets you switch between different audio sources such as integrated speakers, headphone and HDMI in two mouse clicks.
-
-Big deal, you may say. After all its no rocket science. You can go to **System Settings-> Sound Settings** and can easily choose the input or output source you want. **Sound Switcher Indicator** does not do something new or something that Ubuntu does not provide, it just simplifies the whole process. This may be one of the reason why it may not be counted as one of the [best indicator applets for Ubuntu][2].
-
-How often do you need to change the audio source? For me, I have to change the audio source each time to [get sound through HDMI in external monitor][3]. And then I have to do it again after disconnecting the HDMI cable. This applet indicator comes handy for people like me who frequently switch between audio source and are lazy![](http://itsfoss.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_razz.gif)
-
-### Install Sound Switcher Indicator in Ubuntu: ###
-
-Open a terminal and use the following commands to install Sound Switcher Indicator in Ubuntu:
-
-    sudo apt-add-repository ppa:yktooo/ppa
-    sudo apt-get update
-    sudo apt-get install indicator-sound-switcher
-
-#### Important note: ####
-
-Sound Switcher Indicator does not start automatically. To start it automatically, you’ll have to add it to **Startup Applications**. Open **Startup Applications** and click on **Add**. Here, give it a name, Sound Switcher for example and use “indicator-sound-switcher” (without quotes)  in **Command** section. Let me know if you have issues adding it to start up applications.
-
-What you think of Sound Switcher Indicator? Do small applets like these are beneficial for users? Do let us know of your views.
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: http://itsfoss.com/sound-switcher-indicator-ubuntu/
-
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
-
-[1]:http://yktoo.com/about
-[2]:http://itsfoss.com/7-best-indicator-applets-for-ubuntu-13-10/
-[3]:http://itsfoss.com/how-to-fix-no-sound-through-hdmi-in-external-monitor-in-ubuntu/

sources/GitHub's New Atom Text Editor Is Open Source, Sort Of, Though Not Really.md

@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-好坑 乌龙茶占了
-GitHub's New Atom Text Editor Is Open Source, Sort Of, Though Not Really
-================================================================================
-**GitHub has a new not-very-open open-source text editor, and nobody seems to care.**
-
-Samuel Greenwald [claims][1] that "any IT leader who can't grasp an open source mindset is doomed to fail." While this may be true, people can be forgiven for not fully grokking open source, given the weird licensing gyrations that even the most open source savvy among us can go through.
-
-Take GitHub, for example. GitHub just released its [Atom][2] text editor to much acclaim. While [some lauded Atom][3] as "completely open source," it's not. Not even close. 
-
-### Kind Of, Sort Of Open Source ###
-
-Not that GitHub is dressing up Atom as open source. Not all of it, anyway. As GitHub co-founder Tom Preston-Werner specifies, only "Atom core" code will be closed source, while "all the existing MIT-licensed repos under the Atom org will remain so forever." The reasons are purely commercial, as he [notes][4]:
-
-> Atom won't be closed source, but it won't be open source either. It will be somewhere in-between, making it easy for us to charge for Atom while still making the source available under a restrictive license so you can see how everything works. We haven't finalized exactly how this will work yet. We will have full details ready for the official launch.
-
-Back in the early days of open source, we had a name for this. Actually, Microsoft did. It was called "Shared Source." [Launched in 2002][5], Shared Source was Microsoft's way of giving its community a way to look but not touch (or redistribute) Microsoft's code. It didn't go so well for Microsoft, as SAP's Big Data chief Vijay Vijayasankar reminds us, but GitHub might do better:
-
-> [@dberkholz][6] I remember the OSI peeps criticized MS quite heavily that it is a marketing stunt . But GitHub might make it alright this time
-> — Vijay Vijayasankar (@vijayasankarv) [February 27, 2014][7]
-
-He might be right.
-
-### The GitHub Generation Can't Be Bothered ###
-
-Microsoft, after all, was the evil empire, smearing open source as a "cancer," among other things. GitHub? It's the foster parent for open source projects everywhere. [In 2013[8] GitHub topped 10 million repositories and 3 million new users, with frenetic weekly activity: 20,000 issues, 50,000 comments, and 250,000 pushes on repositories maintained by contributors all over the world. 
-
-GitHub is, in other words, ground zero for open source.
-
-Perhaps because of this, GitHub is getting a free pass. In the [HackerNews commentary][9] on the move, [few seem to be too bothered][10] that GitHub isn't actually opening up Atom. As a community, open source has largely won out over free software: less dogmatic, more practical. We've come to the point that many in the so-called "GitHub generation" [don't even bother to assign a license to their software at all][11]. 
-
-Is this a good thing?
-
-It's hard to say, and even harder to argue with GitHub's approach given that it doesn't seem to be hurting anyone and potentially helps many by giving the world a high-quality, low-cost text editor. The open-source community is increasingly libertarian: less likely to prescribe licensing and more concerned with good code and good products.
-
-It's why GitHub, Atlassian and Amazon Web Services, which all rely on proprietary software or services to make money, can be so phenomenally popular with open-source developers.
-
-Have we finally grown up?
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: http://readwrite.com/2014/02/28/github-atom-text-editor#feed=/hack&awesm=~oxpErHVIIaxz3H
-
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
-
-[1]:http://www.cioinsight.com/blogs/open-source-has-changed-everything.html#sthash.ESY4Kc3r.u8rX81Ow.dpuf
-[2]:https://github.com/atom
-[3]:http://thenextweb.com/apps/2014/02/26/github-releases-text-editor-coders-named-atom/#!xHNqf
-[4]:http://discuss.atom.io/t/why-is-atom-closed-source/82/8
-[5]:http://www.geek.com/news/microsoft-rep-clarifies-shared-source-initiative-550824/
-[6]:https://twitter.com/dberkholz
-[7]:https://twitter.com/vijayasankarv/statuses/438882094429642752
-[8]:http://octoverse.github.com/
-[9]:https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7302941
-[10]:https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7310017
-[11]:http://readwrite.com/2013/05/15/open-source-is-old-school-says-the-github-generation#awesm=~ox6tkvcaUwiEF0

sources/Google embraces open source for 10th year of Summer of Code.md

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+Google embraces open source for 10th year of Summer of Code
+================================================================================
+For many, open source is believed to be the future. If you aren't familiar, in basic terms, open source is software that is accompanied by free to distribute source code. By having the source code, users can see the guts of the program they are using. This is in contrast to closed source software, like most of Microsoft's, where the code is hidden to retain intellectual property and make a profit.
+
+![](http://betanews.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/open-source-300x270.jpeg)
+
+Neither school of thought is wrong -- you can't fault a company for trying to make money by going closed source. Bill Gates would not have become the richest man in the world if Microsoft's software portfolio was open. However, not everyone lives for money. Open source allows even the poorest people to potentially access quality software at no charge. Today, Google announces it is looking for college students to work on open source projects for its 10th year of Summer of Code.
+
+What exactly is Summer of Code? Google gives the following description:
+
+> Google Summer of Code is a global program that offers post-secondary student developers ages 18 and older stipends to write code for various open source software projects. We have worked with open source, free software, and technology-related groups to identify and fund projects over a three month period. Since its inception in 2005, the program has brought together over 7,500 successful student participants and over 7,000 mentors from over 100 countries worldwide to produce over 50 million lines of code. Through Google Summer of Code, accepted student applicants are paired with a mentor or mentors from the participating projects, thus gaining exposure to real-world software development scenarios and the opportunity for employment in areas related to their academic pursuits. In turn, the participating projects are able to more easily identify and bring in new developers. Best of all, more source code is created and released for the use and benefit of all.
+
+"If you're a university student looking to earn real-world experience this summer, we hope you’ll consider coding for a cool open source project with Google Summer of Code. We're celebrating the 10th year of the program in 2014, and we’d love to see more student applicants than ever before. In 2013 we accepted almost 1,200 students and we’re planning to accept 10 percent more this year", [says][1] Carol Smith, Google Open Source team.
+
+Smith further says, "you can submit proposals on our website starting now through Friday, March 21 at 12:00pm PDT. Get started by reviewing the ideas pages of the 190 open source projects in this year's program, and decide which projects you're interested in. There are a limited number of spots, and writing a great project proposal is essential to being selected to the program -- so be sure to check out the [Student Manual][2] for advice".
+
+Google has been using Linux in both Android and Chromebooks, so it is nice to see the search-giant giving back to the open source community. This gives college students an opportunity to make a name for themselves by creating or working on an epic piece of open source software. Even if the software doesn't light the world on fire, at least they tried and learned something.
+
+Are you a college student? Will you sign up? Tell me in the comments.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://betanews.com/2014/03/10/google-embraces-open-source-for-10th-year-of-summer-of-code/
+
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2014/03/get-with-program-open-source-coding.html
+[2]:http://en.flossmanuals.net/GSoCStudentGuide/

sources/Interesting facts about Raspberry Pi.md

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-Interesting facts about Raspberry Pi
-================================================================================
-Raspberry Pi celebrated its second birthday last week. Since its debut on February 29, 2012, Raspberry Pi has ushered in a whole new generation of tiny, inexpensive, single-board computers. Numerous Raspberry Pi based DIY project ideas are popping up over the web, and there are many use cases of Raspberry Pi as low-cost learning media in the developing world. Celebrating its second birthday, I am going to share in this post several **interesting facts about Raspberry Pi**.
-
-![](http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2207/12961865855_b022bf59dd_z.jpg)
-
-1. [100,000 Raspberry Pi boards][1] were sold on the first day of launch, and more than [2.5 million units][2] of them have been sold so far worldwide.
-
-2. Initial batches of Raspberry Pi boards were made in Taiwan and China, but now all Raspberry Pi boards being sold are [manufactured in the UK][3].
-
-3. Raspberry Pi is overclockable (by entering so-called [turbo mode][4]). You can change [overclocking/overvolting options][5] either at run-time with raspi-config tool, or at boot-time by editing boot-time parameters in /boot/config.txt. Changing overclocking/overvolting options does not void your warranty.
-
-4. Raspberry Pi does not come with MPEG-2 decoder. Adding a blanket license for MPEG-2/VC-1 codecs to Raspberry Pi would [increase its board price by 10%][6]. Instead, you can [purchase MPEG-2/VC-1 license keys][7] only if you need to. Purchased licenses are tied to individual Raspberry Pi boards.
-
-5. You [cannot run Windows 8][8] on Raspberry Pi (ARMv6) as Windows 8 requires an ARMv7 or higher processor. Likewise, you cannot run Ubuntu on Raspberry Pi as Ubuntu only supports [ARMv7 or higher][9].
-
-6. [Origin][10] of the name Rapberry Pi: "Raspberry" originates from the fruit-based naming tradition for microcomputers in old days. "Pi" refers to "Python" because Python was one of the first programs ported to run on Raspberry Pi.
-
-7. Raspberry in the [Raspberry Pi logo][11] is actually 3D [Buckminsterfullerene][12] (or bucky-ball) which has a total of 32 faces. 11 of them are visible in the logo. Co-incidentally, Raspberry Pi has a 32-bit ARM11 processor on board.
-
-8. Methematica, a popular computational software program commercially available, [comes bundled for free][13] on Rapsberry Pi.
-
-9. (thanks to garry grant) The biggest Kickstarter project which is based on Raspberry Pi is [Kano][14], where the goal is to delivery a computer/coding kit which can help people of all ages make a computer themselves. The project has garnered $1,522,160 from 13,387 backers.
-
-10. According to [Rastrack.co.uk][15], the country where RaspberryPi is the most popular is UK.
-
-That is all. If you know any interesting fact about Raspberry Pi, feel free to chime in.
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/03/interesting-facts-raspberry-pi.html
-
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
-
-[1]:http://www.zdnet.com/we-thought-wed-sell-1000-the-inside-story-of-the-raspberry-pi-7000009718/
-[2]:http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/6299
-[3]:http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/5016
-[4]:http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2008
-[5]:http://elinux.org/RPi_config.txt#Overclocking_options
-[6]:http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1839
-[7]:http://www.raspberrypi.com/
-[8]:http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/digitalfoundry-inside-raspberry-pi
-[9]:https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ARM
-[10]:http://www.techspot.com/article/531-eben-upton-interview/
-[11]:http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/221
-[12]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminsterfullerene
-[13]:http://blog.stephenwolfram.com/2013/11/putting-the-wolfram-language-and-mathematica-on-every-raspberry-pi/
-[14]:https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/alexklein/kano-a-computer-anyone-can-make
-[15]:http://www.rastrack.co.uk/

sources/Linux Foundation Gains New Cloud, Open Hardware and Gaming Members.md

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-Linux Foundation Gains New Cloud, Open Hardware and Gaming Members
-================================================================================
-> Cloudius Systems, HSA Foundation and Valve have become the newest members of the Linux Foundation, bringing strengths in the open source cloud, open-standard hardware and gaming.
-
-Cloud computing, open-standard hardware and gaming: These are all areas in which the [Linux Foundation][1] has recently forged important new connections, announcing the addition of [Cloudius Systems][2], [HSA Foundation][3] and [Valve Software][4] as the newest members of the organization. Together, these collaborations highlight the continuing dynamism of the open source world, and provide hints into where it is headed next.
-
-The Linux Foundation, a non-profit consortium that promotes the interests of [Linux][6] and related open source projects, detailed the signing-on of these three companies in an [announcement][5] that highlighted the particular strengths they stand to contribute to the open source ecosystem.
-
-First, Cloudius Systems will help to advance the open source cloud. Its major product is [OSv][7], a sleek operating system that the company recently introduced and designed specifically for the cloud. Interestingly, OSv—which runs as a guest virtual machine on top of the open source [KVM][8] and [Xen][9] hypervisors—could be considered a competitor with Linux, which forms the basis for many other cloud-oriented virtualization platforms. But Cloudious's entry into the Linux Foundation is a sign that the future of the open cloud is about more than Linux itself, and that open source innovators recognize that the Linux kernel, which was built for desktops and servers, can only go so far in the cloud.
-
-Meanwhile, the non-profit HSA Foundation aims to advance open hardware standards—a key interest for open source developers whether they focus on desktops, servers, the cloud or mobile. Lack of hardware compatibility due to proprietary, undocumented standards has been a thorn in Linux's side from day one, and investing in collaboration to help overcome that barrier is in the interest of virtually everyone within the open source ecosystem.
-
-Last but not least, Valve, which develops the popular [Steam][10] platform for cloud-based games and other content, injects the Linux world with new energy in the gaming realm, an area that has traditionally been very unwelcoming to Linux users. Valve could be on the forefront of a major shift in open source entertainment that will use the power of the cloud to bring Linux into the mainstream fold—while also promoting Linux as the basis for specialized gaming hardware such as Valve's [Steam Machines][11], home gaming devices that run on Linux.
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: http://thevarguy.com/open-source-application-software-companies/linux-foundation-gains-new-cloud-open-hardware-and-gaming
-
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
-
-[1]:http://linuxfoundation.org/
-[2]:http://www.cloudius-systems.com/
-[3]:http://hsafoundation.com/
-[4]:http://www.valvesoftware.com/
-[5]:http://www.linuxfoundation.org/news-media/announcements/2013/12/cloudius-systems-hsa-foundation-and-valve-join-linux-foundation
-[6]:http://kernel.org/
-[7]:https://github.com/cloudius-systems/osv
-[8]:http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page
-[9]:http://www.xenproject.org/
-[10]:http://store.steampowered.com/
-[11]:http://store.steampowered.com/livingroom/SteamMachines/

sources/Oracle adds DTrace debugger to its Linux distribution.md

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-Oracle adds DTrace debugger to its Linux distribution
-================================================================================
-> Oracle Linux administrators can finally take advantage of the powerful DTrace debugging tool that was first designed for Solaris
-
-IDG News Service - Oracle has fully integrated the long-awaited Linux DTrace debugging tool into the latest release of its Linux distribution, potentially allowing administrators and developers to pinpoint the cause of thorny performance issues with more accuracy.
-
-[Oracle Linux][1] 6.5 also includes an updated kernel and support for Linux Containers, allowing a single kernel to power multiple Linux virtual machines on a server.
-
-Much like the CentOS distribution, Oracle Linux is largely a copy of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), version 6.5 of which Red Hat released last month. Oracle does include in the package its own kernel -- the core of an OS -- customized for security enhancements, as well as some additional administrative tools. Both the Oracle and Red Hat editions are targeted to enterprise use. (The volunteer-driven CentOS 6.5 distribution [was also recently released][2].)
-
-For the first time, Oracle's customized kernel, Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 3, is installed as the default kernel for the distribution -- the stock RHEL kernel is also included in the package as an alternative. As a result, Oracle Linux now supports the DTrace dynamic tracing framework out of the box, though it still needs to be downloaded separately. Oracle Linux 6.4 [offered][3] users a way to download and install DTrace, though it required changes to the kernel.
-
-Originally developed by Sun Microsystems, which was acquired by Oracle in 2010, DTrace can help developers debug, or trace, problems that occur on a system. Known for its thoroughness in documenting system behavior, the software was originally designed for Sun's Solaris Unix distribution, and administrators have long agitated for a version [to run][4] on Linux as well.
-
-DTrace allows administrators and developers "to get insight into the operating system and understand what is consuming resources," said Markus Flierl, Oracle's Solaris vice president of engineering. The software can not only investigate problems with the OS, but also identify potential problems with applications and the networking stack as well.
-
-"If your customer is complaining that something is running slow, you can go in and see if there is a problem that is happening in your operating system, or if it is in your I/O stack. You will get a full top-to-bottom view, a single pane of glass to see what is happening," Flierl said. Having DTrace on board a server will also allow other Oracle debugging tools, such as those found in the Oracle 12c database, to use the DTrace instrumentations as well, he said.
-
-With the introduction of Linux Containers in Linux Oracle 6.5, users now have another option for virtualizing workloads. In this approach, the server's kernel can drive any number of virtual Linux machines, with each one completely isolated from the others. The Linux Control Groups management software assures that each container is allotted a select amount of memory, CPU and disk I/O resources. Oracle also provides templates for quickly setting up containers.
-
-Other updates in the Oracle Linux package support the latest technologies in InfiniBand networking, file systems, processors and solid state disks.
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9244564/Oracle_adds_DTrace_debugger_to_its_Linux_distribution?taxonomyId=122
-
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
-
-[1]:http://www.oracle.com/us/technologies/linux/overview/index.html
-[2]:http://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2013-December/020032.html
-[3]:http://www.infoworld.com/d/application-development/oracle-ports-dtrace-oracle-linux-213759
-[4]:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2059311/whats-an-alternative-for-dtrace-on-linux

sources/Solving HIPPA, HITECH, SSAE16 Server Compliance Issues with Next Generation Datacenters.md

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-Solving HIPPA, HITECH, SSAE16 Server Compliance Issues with Next Generation Datacenters
-================================================================================
-![](http://www.atlantic.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/next-generation-datacenter.jpg)
-
-HIPPA stands for Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, and HITECH stands for Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act. Both acts have to do with how health records and data are handled. SSAE16 is similar. It’s an accounting standard created by the Auditing Standards Board (ASB) of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). The parameters of all three have enormous implications both for healthcare and for web hosting. Dedicated server and managed hosting services that use next generation datacenters must ensure that they can meet the requirements as outlined in the compliance requirements of each one of them.
-
-### The Basics ###
-
-It is important to ensure that you are using a datacenter that will comply with the standards of HIPAA, HITECH and SSAE16. When discussing your needs with a datacenter, such as Atlantic.net, you should confirm that the datacenters conform to the standard contingency plan; data backup plan; disaster recovery plan; emergency mode operation plan; testing and revision procedures and applications; and data criticality analysis. Data servers have their own compliance requirements when it comes to managing your data, and you need to ensure that their performance standards can match up with your compliance requirements.
-
-Achieving SSAE16 Type II Certification to ensure that SSAE16 will not present a problem for the server in the current time or immediate future is important. If you are in healthcare, you are probably familiar with the increasing demand for server and datacenter compliance. The new generation of data centers has helped to pave the way for many healthcare IT companies that needed to find a rock solid solution for their businesses’ hosting solution needs.
-
-HIPAA was designed to provide better access to health insurance, reduce the occurrence of fraud and abuse, and lower the cost of obtaining health care in the USA. HITECH further reinforces the HIPAA regulations and provides some additional rules for you to follow. The data center you choose should help make the transition to become a fully compliant business, at least through your online presence. This may raise a few eyebrows and some people are even a bit nervous about whether or not their business can meet the demand in time for compliance testing. With the proper structure completed ahead of time, the hard part is done; all you need to do is plug into the tools and features we have available for you to use.
-
-### What Does Compliance Involve? ###
-
-Being HIPPA, SSAE16 and HITECH compliant means going the extra mile in server colocation, delivering dedicated servers, managed server hosting, and compliance through a credible datacenter. A datacenter must be reliable, with certified and trained staff who know how to handle customer problems and inquiries.
-
-Being HIPPA, HITECH and SSAE16 compliant is vital in today’s environment, and everyone is fully aware of the legal boundaries in which healthcare organizations must operate. More efficient cooling procedures ensure that the compliance sequences are followed without a possibility for failure.
-
-Dynamic allocation of resources where they are needed helps solve many resource issues. Additionally, the resources are used in the coolest parts of the datacenter, meaning more efficient use of the resources as well.
-
-Optimizing application performance is one of the main advancements that next generation datacenters do incredibly well. These next generation datacenters that have been brought into operation have data security as one of their incredible strong points.
-
-The new healthcare reform mandates implement even tighter security with HITECH, and service providers has vested large amounts in these regulations. Ample controls and checks/balances to help the patients and healthcare providers will be ensured for obvious reasons. The government understands that companies need to be encouraged to take things to the next level, and as a result, there are tax incentives to deploy EMR/EHR (Electronic Medical Records and Electronic Health Records).
-
-Using cloud servers, you are able to scale up and scale out according to what your business needs. Even more so, quality datacenters can keep your healthcare organization safe! Using virtualization, companies have dedicated themselves to the continued success of your business. This means they have left no stone unturned to bring you an unprecedented level of services from which you can choose.
-
-Being [HIPAA compliant][1] is partly the job of the hosting company and partly yours as well. They provide you with the services – the datacenter, the managed hosting and the tech support to ensure you have what you need to bring your healthcare business to the compliance level. They can only offer you the services that are required by the HIPAA, HITECH and SSAE16 regulations. They need your help to make sure both parties are up to speed in the quest to keep your business in complete compliance.
-
-Cloud computing is a really big part of next generation datacenters. Virtualization technology has made it possible for everyone to have their resources delivered at the most optimum moment through more efficient handling of server resources. If you are new to cloud computing, you should know that this technology in no way endangers your ability to stay HIPAA, HITECH and SSAE16 compliant. Cloud computing is simply the new way of handling server requests and scaling additional resources up and out.
-
-Have you ever stopped to consider what would happen if you were tagged with a violation of the HIPAA, HITECH or [SSAE16 compliance][2] standards? It would be a catastrophic blow to your business that would land you in court! Additionally, the people affected by the violation could possibly sue for damages. Quality web hosting services are now structured around ensuring that everything in the facility is certified to the new standards of operation.
-
-Being in business for over 15 years, since 1994, has given us a chance to really perfect the art of hosting, server virtualization, data security, compliance, and the ability to provide a carrier-neutral datacenter.
-
-### Conclusions ###
-
-Atlantic.Net and other serious hosting companies have been a step ahead of the compliance standards from day one. Business expertise has allowed us to keep the healthcare IT businesses that we already have under our wing and ahead of the flames. We can help your business stay in line with these compliance standards as well.
-
-All in all, server compliance issues won’t be much of a big deal once you realize what they are all about. The compliance issues would generally arise from a datacenter not having sufficient hardware or software to accommodate regulatory compliance; or the customer themselves may not be able to get the business into a state of compliance. Either way, a next generation datacenter must be able to offer the services in demand to meet the compliance requirements in order to be compliant with the regulations themselves.
-
-By [Brett Haines][3]
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: http://www.atlantic.net/blog/2013/12/04/solving-hippa-hitech-ssae16-server-compliance-issues-generation-datacenters/
-
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
-
-[1]:http://www.atlantic.net/hipaa-compliant-hosting/
-[2]:http://www.atlantic.net/ssae-16-type-2-compliant/
-[3]:https://plus.google.com/u/0/100137311390909550920?rel=author

sources/Ubuntu 14.04 LTS vs. Windows XP--Pros and Cons.md

@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-Ubuntu 14.04 LTS vs. Windows XP: Pros and Cons
-================================================================================
-![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-2.jpg)
-
-**More and more people are looking towards the release of Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) as the natural Windows XP replacement, so we'll try to present the pros and cons for this decision.**
-
-A lot of Windows XP users are looking to make a change after their operating system will cease to receive security updates from Microsoft, in April. Like most people who are migrating to Linux, they have a lot of questions about various aspects, regarding its use and its capabilities. The truth is that probably Windows XP users are more scared than they should be, as we will show right now.
-
-### Installation ###
-
-If you ever installed a Windows operating system, you will know how to install Ubuntu or any of its flavors. It uses a very simple and straightforward installer that doesn't bother the users with difficult choices.
-
-The only drawback is that if you want to partition your system you might encounter some names that are not familiar, like swap or EXT4. The good news is that it’s unlikely that you will ever need multiple partitions.
-
-![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-3.jpg)
-
-*Ubuntu installation*
-
-### Drivers ###
-
-Windows users also need to install drivers for new components, like Webcams for example. Some are supported by the operating system, other need manual installation.
-
-The only driver that you will have to worry in Ubuntu is the one for the graphics card. It’s not quite clear from where you can change it at first and installing a newer one might take some adjusting. The good news is the when you will learn how to add a PPA or how to upgrade your packages, everything will seem a breeze.
-
-![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-4.jpg)
-
-*Install proprietary drivers*
-
-### Main interface ###
-
-Ubuntu is somewhat different from Windows XP in terms of the general interface. Although it’s intuitive, some users might not want to invest the time to learn how to operate a new OS.
-
-The good news is that Ubuntu has a lot of flavors that are a lot more similar with the way Windows XP looks, like Xubuntu or Lubuntu. Both are based on Ubuntu and feature pretty much the same software.
-
-![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-5.jpg)
-
-*Main Ubuntu desktop*
-
-### Applications and security ###
-
-Installing applications in Windows XP seem easy, right? Double click on a package, hit next a couple of time (agree to an EULA agreement you don't actually read), and everything is set.
-
-In Ubuntu things are a lot easier. Just open Ubuntu Software Center and search for the application you want. Click install and you're done.
-
-Installing applications in Windows XP could be very dangerous, especially after Microsoft will pull the plug and end the stream of security patches. On Ubuntu you will never get viruses or malware, and the number of viruses for the Linux platform is extremely small. Whenever a problem appears, it only takes the developers a short while to fix it.
-
-The only drawback on Ubuntu is that you might not find all the applications you were used to on Windows XP. Most of the bigger apps are cross-platform, but on Ubuntu you might need to search for alternatives.
-
-![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-6.jpg)
-
-*Installing applications in Ubuntu Software Center*
-
-### Gaming ###
-
-Windows XP might seem a better platform for gaming, but the truth is that most game developers will soon stop to make their software compatible with a dying OS. Valve is putting a lot of effort towards the Linux platform and they are pushing the gaming industry in this direction.
-
-Steam for Linux got more than 500 games in just one year and there is no sign that they are going to slow down. In the next couple of years, the Linux platform will surely be on par with any Windows OS. Adopting Ubuntu now and getting used to it, if you are a gamer, might a great idea.
-
-![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-7.jpg)
-
-*Portal 2 in Linux*
-
-### Conclusion ###
-
-If you are a Windows XP user and you have doubts about adopting Linux and Ubuntu, you might want to think twice about your decision to upgrade to Windows 7 or 8. Linux has it all and there is no good reason not to want an operating system based on it.
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084.shtml
-
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

sources/Ubuntu GNOME 14.04 Wallpaper Contest Kicks Off.md

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-Ubuntu GNOME 14.04 Wallpaper Contest Kicks Off
-================================================================================
-![](http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/gnome_example.jpg)
-
-**Macro lenses at the ready: Ubuntu GNOME is on the hunt for a new set of community-contributed wallpapers to feature in its forthcoming release.**
-
-Ubuntu GNOME 14.04, due in mid-April, wants to look as good as it possibly can. And to do that it needs your help to ensure it ships with a swish selection of wallpapers and backgrounds.
-
-Interested? Here’s what you need to g-know.
-
-### Wallpaper Contest Rules ###
-
-Entry is open to everyone, but you’ll need to be a keen photographer or eager illustrator to take part as the Ubuntu GNOME design team are only looking to include original work.
-
-The full [submission guidelines][1] are straightforward. In summary they seek to ensure that entries:
-
-- Don’t include brand names, logos or trademarks
-- Don’t use violent, religious or explicit imagery
-- Are simple in composition with a single point of focus
-- Are designed with the GNOME Shell UI in mind
-
-It should go without saying: only submit work to which you own the full copyright, and try to aim for a minimum size of **2560 x 1600** (pixels).
-
-Deadline for all entries is February 27. After this date the Ubuntu GNOME design team will pick their favourites. The precise number of winning wallpapers will be based on the amount and overall quality of entries.
-
-Like the regular Ubuntu wallpaper competition, Ubuntu GNOME are accepting submissions on Flickr.
-
-- [Ubuntu GNOME Wallpaper Contest on Flickr][2]
-
-For those without (or unwilling to sign up for) a Yahoo! account entries can also be made via the [Ubuntu GNOME Wiki][3] (which requires an Ubuntu One account).
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/01/ubuntu-gnome-14-04-wallpaper-contest
-
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
-
-[1]:https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuGNOME/Artwork/Trusty/CommunityWallpapers
-[2]:http://www.flickr.com/groups/2484760@N20/
-[3]:https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuGNOME/Artwork/Trusty/CommunityWallpapers/Submissions

sources/Windows 7 & 8 Complete Transformation Pack Out for Ubuntu, Debian 8, and Arch Linux.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Windows 7 & 8 Complete Transformation Pack Out for Ubuntu, Debian 8, and Arch Linux
+================================================================================
+**A new version of Windows 7/8 Transformation Pack for LXDE has been made available by its developer, bringing the much needed Arch Linux support.**
+
+![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Windows-7-8-Complete-Transformation-Pack-Out-for-Ubuntu-Debian-8-and-Arch-Linux-431448-2.jpg)
+
+Like it or not, there are a lot of people out there that really want to change their operating system so that it looks like Windows 7 or Windows 8. A developer made a transformation pack that aims to satisfy these users and to provide an experience as close as possible to the actual Windows OS.
+
+The Windows 7/8 Transformation Pack for LXDE has been out for some time, but it only got some major traction in the past few months. It's also true that it's not exactly the easiest package to install, especially because it comes with a number of very specific dependencies: LXPanel, LXSession (at least version 0.4.9 for icons, gtk theme and cursor), PCManFM, Compton, Openbox, SliM, gtk2-engines-murrine, and gtk2-engines-pixbuf.
+
+So far, the transformation pack works on Debian (Jessie) and Ubuntu. You won't be able to just install it in Ubuntu and you will have to get the LXDE package from the official repositories. Strangely enough, Lubuntu is not supported by this pack.
+
+More information about the Windows 7/8 Transformation Pack can be found on the official [website][1].
+
+Download WinAte 1.3:
+
+- [WinAte 1.3 tar.gz][2][sources] [31 MB]
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Windows-7-8-Complete-Transformation-Pack-Out-for-Ubuntu-Debian-8-and-Arch-Linux-431448.shtml
+
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://nhermosilla14.deviantart.com/art/WinAte-Windows-7-8-Transformation-Pack-for-LXDE-430156546
+[2]:https://github.com/nhermosilla14/WinAte/archive/1.3.tar.gz

sources/news/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+这里放新闻类文章，要求时效性

sources/talk/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+这里放评论类文章，要求可读性

sources/tech/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+这里放技术类文章，要求准确性

translated/20 Funny Commands of Linux or Linux is Fun in Terminal.md

@@ -1,41 +1,41 @@
->>**Linchenguang翻译中**
+Linux命令及Linux终端的20个趣事
 
-20 Funny Commands of Linux or Linux is Fun in Terminal
 ================================================================================
-**Linux** is fun! **Huhhh**. OK so you don’t believe me. Mind me at the end of this article you will have to believe that **Linux** is actually a fun box.
+玩**Linux** 乐趣无穷！**哈哈**。不相信。记住我的话，在文章结尾时你就会相信**Linux**确实好玩了。
+
 
 ![20 Linux Funny Commands](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Linux-Funny-Commands.png)
 
-### 1. Command: sl (Steam Locomotive) ###
+### 1. 命令：sl （蒸汽机车） ###
 
-You might be aware of command ‘ls‘ the list command and use it frequently to view the contents of a folder but because of miss-typing sometimes you would result in ‘sl‘, how about getting a little fun in terminal and not “command not found“.
+你可能了解 ‘ls’ 命令，并经常使用它来查看文件夹的内容。但是，有些时候你可能会拼写成 ‘sl’ ,这时我们应该如何获得一些乐趣而不是看见“command not found”呢？
 
-#### Install sl ####
+#### 安装 sl ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# apt-get install sl 		(In Debian like OS)
     root@tecmint:~# yum -y install sl 		(In Red Hat like OS)
 
-#### Output ####
+#### 输出 ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# sl
 
 ![sl command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/sl.png)
 
-This command works even when you type ‘**LS**‘ and not ‘**ls**‘.
+当你敲入的是‘**LS**‘而不是’**ls**‘时，这个命令也会运行。
 
-### 2. Command: telnet ###
+### 2. 命令：telnet ###
 
-**No! No!!** it is not as much complex as it seems. You would be familiar with **telnet**. Telnet is a text-oriented bidirectional network protocol over network. Here is nothing to be installed. What you should have is a Linux box and a working Internet.
+**非也！非也！！**这可不像它平常那样复杂。你可能很熟悉**telnet**。Telnet 是一个文本化的双向网络协议。这里不需要安装什么东西。你需要的就是一个Linux系统和一个正常的网络。
 
     root@tecmint:~# telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl
 
 ![telnet command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/telnet.png)
 
-#### 3. Command: fortune ####
+#### 3. 命令：fortune ####
 
-what about getting your random fortune, sometimes funny in terminal.
+试试你未知的运气，终端里有时也有好玩的。
 
-#### Install fortune ####
+#### 安装 fortune ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# apt-get install fortune 	(for aptitude based system)
     root@tecmint:~# yum install fortune 		(for yum based system)
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ what about getting your random fortune, sometimes funny in terminal.
     You worry too much about your job.  Stop it.  You are not paid enough to worry.
     Your love life will be... interesting.
 
-### 4. Command: rev (Reverse) ###
+### 4. 命令：rev（翻转）###
 
-It **reverse** every string given to it, is not it funny.
+它会把传递给它的的每个字符串都反过来，是不是很好玩。
 
     root@tecmint:~# rev
     
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ It **reverse** every string given to it, is not it funny.
     xuniL eb ot nrob
     born to be Linux
 
-### 5. Command: factor ###
+### 5. 命令：factor ###
 
-Time for some **Mathematics**, this command output all the possible factors of a given number.
+该谈点儿关于**Mathematics**的了，这个命令输出给定数字的所有因子。
 
     root@tecmint:~# factor
     
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ Time for some **Mathematics**, this command output all the possible factors of a
     5442134 
     5442134: 2 2721067
 
-### 6. Command: script ###
+### 6.命令：script ###
 
-OK fine this is not a command and a script but it is nice.
+好的，这不是什么命令，而是一个脚本，一个很有趣的脚本。
 
     root@tecmint:~# for i in {1..12}; do for j in $(seq 1 $i); do echo -ne $i×$j=$((i*j))\\t;done; echo;done 
 
@@ -96,16 +96,16 @@ OK fine this is not a command and a script but it is nice.
     11×1=11	11×2=22	11×3=33	11×4=44	11×5=55	11×6=66	11×7=77	11×8=88	11×9=99	11×10=110	11×11=121	
     12×1=12	12×2=24	12×3=36	12×4=48	12×5=60	12×6=72	12×7=84	12×8=96	12×9=108	12×10=120	12×11=132	12×12=144
 
-### 7. Command: Cowsay ###
+### 7.命令：Cowsay ###
 
-An **ASCII** cow in terminal that will say what ever you want.
+一个在终端用**ASCII**码组成的小牛，这个小牛会说出你想要它说的话。
 
-#### Install Cowsay ####
+### 安装Cowsay ###
 
     root@tecmint:~# apt-get install cowsay 		(for Debian based OS)
     root@tecmint:~# yum install cowsay		(for Red Hat based OS)
 
-#### Output ####
+### 输出 ###
 
     root@tecmint:~# cowsay I Love nix 
 
@@ -118,7 +118,8 @@ An **ASCII** cow in terminal that will say what ever you want.
                     ||----w |
                     ||     ||
 
-How about pipelineing ‘**fortune command**‘, described above with cowsay?
+
+如果用管道将‘**fortune command**’命令重定向到cowsay会怎样呢？
 
 root@tecmint:~# fortune | cowsay 
 
@@ -137,25 +138,25 @@ root@tecmint:~# fortune | cowsay
                      ||----w |
                      ||     ||
 
-**Note: ‘|‘** is called pipeline instruction and it is used where the output of one command needs to be the input of another command. In the above example the output of ‘**fortune**‘ command acts as an input of ‘**cowsay**‘ command. This pipeline instruction is frequently used in scripting and programming.
 
-**xcowsay** is a graphical program which response similar to **cowsay** but in a graphical manner, hence it is **X** of cowsay.
+**提示：‘|’**是管道命令符。通常它是将一个命令的输出作为下一个命令的输入。在上面的例子中‘**fortune**’的输出作为‘**cowsay**’命令的输出。管道命令会经常用在脚本和程序编写中。
+
+**xcowsay**是一个图形界面程序。它与**cowsay**类似只是以一种图形的方式来表达，可以说是**X**版本的cowsay。
 
     apt-get insatll xcowsay
     yum install xcowsay
 
-#### Output ####
-
+#### 输出 ####
     root@tecmint:~# xcowsay I Love nix
 
 ![xcowsay command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/xcowsay.png)
 
-**cowthink** is another command just run “cowthink Linux is sooo funny” and see the difference in output of cowsay and cowthink.
+**cowthink**是另一个命令。运行“cowthink Linux is sooo funny ”看看它与cowsay的不同吧。
 
     apt-get insatll cowthink
     yum install cowthink
 
-#### Output ####
+#### 输出 ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# cowthink ....Linux is sooo funny
      _________________________
@@ -167,9 +168,9 @@ root@tecmint:~# fortune | cowsay
                     ||----w |
                     ||     ||
 
-### 8. Command: yes ###
+### 8. 命令：yes ###
 
-It is funny but useful as well, specially in scripts and for **System Administrators** where an automated predefined response can be passed to terminal or generated.
+yes 是一个非常有趣又有用的命令，尤其对于脚本编写和系统管理员来说，它可以自动地生成预先定义的响应或者将其传到终端。
 
     root@tecmint:~# yes I Love Linux
 
@@ -186,18 +187,19 @@ It is funny but useful as well, specially in scripts and for **System Administra
     I Love Linux
     I Love Linux
 
-**Note**: (Till you interrupt i.e **ctrl+c**).
+**提示**: (直到你按下**ctrl+c**才停止)
 
-### 9. Command: toilet ###
+### 9. 命令: toilet ###
 
-what? Are u kidding, huhh no! Definitely not, but for sure this command name itself is too funny, and I don’t know from where this command gets it’s name.
 
-#### Install toilet ####
+什么？你在开玩笑吗! 当然没有，但肯定的是这个命令的名字太搞了，我也不知道这个命令的名字从何而来。
+
+#### 安装toilet ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# apt-get install toilet 
     root@tecmint:~# yum install toilet
 
-#### Output ####
+#### 输出 ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# toilet tecmint 
 
@@ -207,106 +209,115 @@ what? Are u kidding, huhh no! Definitely not, but for sure this command name its
        #    #""""  #      # # #    #    #   #    #           #      #   #  # # # 
        #    "#mm"  "#mm"  # # #  mm#mm  #   #    "mm    #    "#mm"  "#m#"  # # #
 
-It even offers some kind of color and fonts style.
+
+这个命令甚至提供了一些颜色和字体格式。
 
     root@tecmint:~# toilet -f mono12 -F metal Tecmint.com
 
 ![toilet command](http://www.tecmint.com/20-funny-commands-of-linux-or-linux-is-fun-in-terminal/toilet/)
 
-**Note: Figlet** is another command that more or less provide such kind of effect in terminal.
+**提示：Figlet** 是另外一个与toilet产生的效果类似的命令。
 
-### 10. Command: cmatrix ###
 
-You might have seen Hollywood movie ‘**matrix**‘ and would be fascinated with power, **Neo** was provided with, to see anything and everything in matrix or you might think of an animation that looks alike **Hacker**‘s desktop.
+### 10. 命令：cmatrix ###
 
-#### Install cmatrix ####
+你可能看多好莱坞的电影‘**黑客帝国**’并陶醉于被赋予**Neo**的能看到在矩阵中任何事物的能力，或者你会想到一幅类似于‘**Hacker**’的桌面的生动画面。
+
+
+#### 安装 cmatrix ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# apt-get install cmatrix
     root@tecmint:~# yum install cmatrix
 
-#### Output ####
+#### 输出 ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# cmatrix
 
 ![cmatrix command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/cmatrix.png)
 
-### 11. Command: oneko ###
+### 11. 命令: oneko ###
 
-OK so you believe that mouse pointer of Linux is the same silly black/white pointer where no animation lies then I fear you could be wrong. “**oneko**“ is a package that will attach a “**Jerry**“ with you mouse pointer and moves along with you pointer.
 
-#### Install cmatrix ####
+可能你坚信Linux的鼠标指针永远是同样的黑色或白色一点儿也不生动，那你就错了。“**oneko**”是一个会让一个“**Jerry**”你的鼠标指针附着到你鼠标上的一个软件包。
+
+#### 安装 oneko ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# apt-get install oneko
     root@tecmint:~# yum install oneko
 
-#### Output ####
+#### 输出 ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# oneko
 
 ![oneko command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/oneko.png)
 
-**Note**: Once you close the terminal from which **oneko** was run, **jerry** will disappear, nor will start at start-up. You can add the application to start up and continue enjoying.
 
-### 12. Fork Bomb ###
+**提示**：关闭运行着**oneko**的终端时，**Jerry**也会随之消失，重新启动终端时也不会再出项。你可以将这个程序添加到启动选项中然后继续使用它。
 
-This is a very nasty piece of code. Run this at **your own risk**. This actually is a fork bomb which exponentially multiplies itself till all the system resource is utilized and the system hangs. (To check the power of above code you should try it once, but all at your own risk, close and save all other programs and file before running **fork bomb**).
+### 12. Fork炸弹  ###
+
+这是一段非常欠抽的代码。运行这个命令的后果自己负责。这个命令其实是一个fork炸弹，它会以指数倍的自乘，直到所有的系统资源都被利用了或者系统挂起（想要见识这个命令的威力你可以试一次这个命令，但是后果自负，记得在运行它之前关掉并保存其它所有程序和文件）。
 
     root@tecmint:~# :(){ :|:& }:
 
-### 13. Command: while ###
+### 13. 命令：while  ###
 
-The below “while” command is a script which provides you with colored date and file till you interrupt (ctrl + c). Just copy and paste the below code in terminal.
+
+下面的”while“命令是一个脚本，这个脚本可以为你提供彩色的日期和文件直到你按下中断键（ctrl+c）。复制粘贴这个命令到你的终端。
 
     root@tecmint:~# while true; do echo "$(date '+%D %T' | toilet -f term -F border --gay)"; sleep 1; done
 
 ![Linux while command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/while.png)
 
-**Note**: The above script when modified with following command, will gives similar output but with a little difference, check it in your terminal.
+
+**提示**：以上脚本通过下面的修改也会产生类似的输出但是还是有点不同的，在你的终端试试吧。
 
     root@tecmint:~# while true; do clear; echo "$(date '+%D %T' | toilet -f term -F border --gay)"; sleep 1; done
 
-### 14. Command: espeak ###
+### 14. 命令: espeak ###
 
-Just Turn the Knob of your multimedia speaker to full before pasting this command in your terminal and let us know how you felt listening the god’s voice.
+将你的多媒体音箱的音量调到最大，然后在将这个命令复制到你的终端，来看看你听到上帝的声音时的反应吧。
 
-#### Install espeak ####
+#### 安装 espeak ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# apt-get install espeak
     root@tecmint:~# yum install espeak
 
-#### Output ####
+#### 输出 ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# espeak "Tecmint is a very good website dedicated to Foss Community"
 
-### 15. Command: aafire ###
+### 15. 命令: aafire ###
 
-How about fire in your terminal. Just type “**aafire**” in the terminal, without quotes and see the magic. Press any key to interrupt the program.
+在你的终端放一把火如何。把这个“**aafire**”敲到你的终端，不需要什么引号看看这神奇的一幕吧。按下任意键中指该程序。
 
-#### Install aafire ####
+
+#### 安装 aafire ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# apt-get install libaa-bin
 
-#### Output ####
+#### 输出 ####
 
     root@tecmint:~# aafire
 
 ![](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/aafire.png)
 
-### 16. Command: bb ###
+### 16. 命令: bb ###
 
-First install “**apt-get insatll bb**” and then, type “**bb**” in terminal and see what happens.
+首先安装“**apt-get install bb**”,然后敲入“**bb**”看看会发生什么吧。
 
     root@tecmint:~# bb
 
 ![bb command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/bb.png)
 
-### 17. Command: url ###
+### 17. 命令: url ###
 
-Won’t it be an awesome feeling for you if you can update you **twitter status** from command line in front of your friend and they seems impressed. OK just replace **username, password** and **your status message** with your’s **username, password** and “**your status message**“.
+
+如果在你的朋友面前用命令行来改变你的 **twitter status** 会不会很酷呢。用你的**用户名密码**和**你想要的状态**分别替换**username, password** 和“**your status message**“就可以了。
 
 ### 18. ASCIIquarium ###
 
-How it will be to get an **aquarium** in terminal.
+想要在终端弄一个水族馆该，怎么办？
 
     root@tecmint:~# apt-get install libcurses-perl
     root@tecmint:~# cd /tmp 
@@ -316,9 +327,9 @@ How it will be to get an **aquarium** in terminal.
     root@tecmint:~# perl Makefile.PL &&  make &&   make test
     root@tecmint:~# make install
 
-#### Install ASCIIquarium ####
+#### 安装 ASCIIquarium ####
 
-Now Download and Install **ASCIIquarium**.
+下载并安装**ASCIIquarium**。
 
     root@tecmint:~# cd /tmp
     root@tecmint:~# wget http://www.robobunny.com/projects/asciiquarium/asciiquarium.tar.gz
@@ -327,15 +338,19 @@ Now Download and Install **ASCIIquarium**.
     root@tecmint:~# cp asciiquarium /usr/local/bin
     root@tecmint:~# chmod 0755 /usr/local/bin/asciiquarium
 
-And finally run “**asciiquarium**” or “**/usr/local/bin/asciiquarium**“ in terminal without quotes and be a part of magic that will be taking place in front of your eyes.
+
+最后在终端运行“**asciiquarium**”或者“**/usr/local/bin/asciiquarium**”，记得不要加引号，神奇的一幕将在你眼前展现。
 
     root@tecmint:~# asciiquarium
 
 ![aquarium command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/ascliquarium.png)
 
-### 19. Command: funny manpages ###
+### 19. 命令: funny manpages ###
+
+
+首先安装“**apt-get install funny－manpages**”然后运行下面命令的man手册。其中一些
+
 
-First install “**apt-get install funny-manpages**” and then run man pages for the commands below. Some of them may be **18+**, run at your own risk, they all are too funny.
 
     baby
     celibacy
@@ -362,7 +377,7 @@ First install “**apt-get install funny-manpages**” and then run man pages fo
 
 ### 20. Linux Tweaks ###
 
-It is time for you to have some one liner **tweaks**.
+该到了做一些调整的时候了
 
     root@tecmint:~# world
     
@@ -400,16 +415,18 @@ It is time for you to have some one liner **tweaks**.
     server@localhost:/srv$ \(- 
     bash: (-: command not found
 
-Linux is sexy: **who | grep -i blonde | date; cd ~; unzip; touch; strip; finger; mount; gasp; yes; uptime; umount; sleep** (If you know what i mean)
 
-There are certain other but these don’t work on all the system and hence not included in this article. Some of them are man **dog , filter, banner**, etc.
+Linux总是sexy：**who | grep -i blonde | date; cd ~; unzip; touch; strip; finger; mount; gasp; yes; uptime; umount; sleep**（如果你知道我的意思）
 
-Have fun, you can say me thanks later :) yup your comment is highly appreciated which encourages us write more. Tell us which command you liked the most. Stay tuned i will be back soon with another article worth reading.
+
+还有一些其它的命令，只是这些命令并不能在所有的系统上运行，所以本文没有涉及到。比如说**dog , filter, banner**
+
+使用愉快，你可以稍后再对我说谢谢：）您的评价是我们前进的不竭动力。告诉我们你最喜欢的命令。继续关注，不久我会有另一篇值得阅读的文章。
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 via: http://www.tecmint.com/20-funny-commands-of-linux-or-linux-is-fun-in-terminal/
 
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+译者：[Linchenguang](https://github.com/Linchenguang) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
 
 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

translated/ClassicMenu Indicator Rekindles Old GNOME 2 Feeling in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+Ubuntu 14.04中的经典菜单插件重燃GNOME 2旧情
+================================================================================
+**有很多用户对Unity桌面并不满意，他们认为GNOME 2菜单的解决方案才是正确的道路。经典菜单插件提供了一个可能让所有人满意的妥协**
+
+![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/ClassicMenu-Indicator-Rekindles-Old-GNOME-2-Feeling-in-Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-431399-2.jpg)
+
+Unity可能是用户在反对Ubuntu中排名首位的争执，即使用户量正在不断增加，而且更多的用户开始用它，仍然有不少用户偏好GNOME 2中的菜单显示。
+
+这也是“兄弟”桌面环境产生以及为什么其他桌面环境尝试重建GNOME 2方法的原因。现在，如果你能至少对替代左上角的左上角菜单按钮的样子有所妥协，你可能会享受经典菜单插件带来的愉悦之感。
+
+好消息是，经典菜单插件的开发者也为即将到来的Ubuntu 14.04(Trusty Tahr)制作了一个小应用。如果你恰好正在用Ubuntu 14.04的development build，这个插件将会在你的系统中完美运行。
+
+你有两种方法来安装经典菜单插件，一是运行提供的deb文件，二是使用提供的PPA。我们建议你使用第二种添加PPA的做法，应为通过添加PPA用户可以摆脱手动安装，即时收到未来此应用的更新。打开终端输入以下命令(需要有root权限)：
+
+    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:diesch/testing
+    sudo apt-get update
+    sudo apt-get install classicmenu-indicator
+
+当安装成功后（应该用不了多久），你可以聪Dash中运行这个插件。幸运的是，此插件会自动将自己纳入开机启动的列表，因此你不需要手动添加它。
+
+前几天此插件有一个更新，并没有什么高大上新功能，而且很多只是对界面的修改。比如对经典菜单的子目录中的文字显示的修复，还通过更改配置增加了一些菜单项目。
+
+最新版本的经典菜单插件也实现了一个有意思的变化，就是通过使用Xfce解决了一些没有Unity的发行版(例如Xubuntu)的老问题。
+
+你也可以在官方网站上获取更多关于此[更新][1]的细节.
+
+###下载经典菜单插件0.09:###
+
+- [classicmenu-indicator_0.09_all.deb][2][ubuntu_deb] [21.80 KB]
+- [classicmenu-indicator-0.09.tar.gz][3][sources] [54.40 KB]
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/ClassicMenu-Indicator-Rekindles-Old-GNOME-2-Feeling-in-Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-431399.shtml
+
+译者：[ThomazL](https://github.com/ThomazL) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://www.florian-diesch.de/software/classicmenu-indicator/changes.html
+[2]:http://www.florian-diesch.de/software/classicmenu-indicator/dist/classicmenu-indicator_0.09_all.deb
+[3]:http://www.florian-diesch.de/software/classicmenu-indicator/dist/classicmenu-indicator-0.09.tar.gz

translated/Daily Ubuntu Tips – Fix Black Screen In Ubuntu Guest With VirtualBox Screen Capture.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+日常Ubuntu小技巧-修复在VirtualBox截屏时的黑屏
+================================================================================
+
+VirtualBox是一个可以让你在一台物理主机上运行多个系统的软件。它支持Windows,Mac OS X 和Linux 并且是Oracle公司在维护它。
+
+我们在这里写了很多关于VirtualBox的文章，你可以做一个快速的查找来查看所有关于VirtualBox的文章。
+
+现在，这里有一个故事：VirtualBox有一个功能，允许用户快速的截取虚拟机会话的屏幕截图。这些截图可以通过黏贴板和宿主机共享。
+
+这就是我们这里要说的了。这项截图的功能将不能够正常的工作，当某一个Ubuntu 虚拟机中的功能被允许。这种现象一直是一个痛点，直到最近我们偶然发现了这个解决方法。
+
+如果不采取我们发现的这个方法，当你在Ubuntu的虚拟机里面截完屏幕之后，截屏的图片将会被存储成全黑的文件，这样的文件会毫无用处。
+
+我一直在苦苦寻找解决方法，但是一直都没有好运气，直到刚刚。
+
+为了开启Ubuntu下的虚拟机和宿主机之间的双向黏贴板，在Ubuntu虚拟机上面点击 “设置”，之后找到，“普通->高级标签”，开启并且开启它。
+![](http://www.liberiangeek.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/virtualboxsharedclipboard.png)
+
+
+现在，理论上，当你开启Ubuntu的虚拟机之后，按下“截屏键”，或者按下“Ctrl+截屏键”，虚拟机就应该为当前的桌面会话来张截屏。
+
+之后你就可以通过在宿主机上面使用黏贴板的功能来看到那些图片了。
+
+但是如果你同时启用了Ubuntu虚拟机中的“3D 加速”功能，那些图片将会变得漆黑一片。
+
+为了不让这种事情发生，你必须关闭Ubuntu虚拟机的3D加速功能。
+
+关闭3D加速功能可以这样做：在Ubuntu虚拟机种点击“设置”，之后找到“系统->显示->显卡”标签，关闭3D加速
+![](http://www.liberiangeek.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/virtualboxsharedclipboard1.png)
+
+
+现在你必须在Ubuntu的虚拟机中设置关闭3D加速才能让截屏正常工作。现在打开一个虚拟机尝试来截个屏幕吧。
+
+希望这个方法能够帮到你
+
+希望你喜欢！
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://www.liberiangeek.net/2014/02/daily-ubuntu-tips-fix-black-screen-in-ubuntu-guest-with-virtualbox-screen-capture/
+
+译者：[FineFan](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

translated/Easily Switch Audio Sources With Sound Switcher Indicator In Ubuntu.md

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+在Ubuntu内使用声音切换器简单切换音频源
+================================================================================
+![](http://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Sound_switcher_Indicator.jpeg)
+
+声音切换器是由[Dmitry Kann][1]开发的小程序。这个程序的目的很简单，让你在不同的音频源如喇叭、耳机和HDMI之间点击两下鼠标就能切换。
+
+你可能会说“没什么大不了”。毕竟它不是火箭科学。你可以进入**系统设置> 声音设定** 并且可以简单地选择你想要的输入输出源。**声音切换器**没有做新的或者Ubuntu没有提供的功能，它只是简化整个过程。我想这可能是为什么这个没有列在[最佳Ubuntu指示器程序][2]中的原因。
+
+
+你多久需要改变音频源？对于我来说，我不得不在每次从外部监视器的HDMI获取声音时切换音频源。并且我不得不在拔掉HDMI线时重新这么做。这个小程序指示器对于像我这样经常切换音频源又懒的人是很方便的。![](http://itsfoss.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_razz.gif)
+
+### 在Ubuntu中安装音频切换器: ###
+
+打开一个终端并且使用下面的命令在Ubuntu中安装音频切换器：
+
+    sudo apt-add-repository ppa:yktooo/ppa
+    sudo apt-get update
+    sudo apt-get install indicator-sound-switcher
+
+#### 重要提示: ####
+
+音频切换器不会自动启动。为了自动启动，你要把它加到**启动程序**中。打开**启动程序**并点击**添加**。这里，给它一个名字，比如就称声音切换器，并是在**命令**部分使用 “indicator-sound-switcher”(没有引号)。如果你在加入启动程序遇到问题时请告诉我。
+
+你认为音频切换器怎么样？像这样的小程序对用户有好处么？让我们知道你的看法。
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://itsfoss.com/sound-switcher-indicator-ubuntu/
+
+译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://yktoo.com/about
+[2]:http://itsfoss.com/7-best-indicator-applets-for-ubuntu-13-10/
+[3]:http://itsfoss.com/how-to-fix-no-sound-through-hdmi-in-external-monitor-in-ubuntu/

translated/GitHub's New Atom Text Editor Is Open Source, Sort Of, Though Not Really.md

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+GitHub的Atom文本编辑器算得上是开源的，但并不完全是
+================================================================================
+**GitHub有一个新的并算不上完全开源的文本编辑器，当然没人在意这个。**
+
+Samuel Greenwald [要求][1]认为“任何IT领袖如果无法把握一个开源的心态那注定会失败的。”这也许是真的，人们可以原谅不完全的开源，考虑到许可的怪异，即使是最开源的在精明的我们中间可以通过。
+
+对于GitHub，例如。 GitHub刚刚发布的[Atom][2]文本编辑器获得了很多的赞叹。虽然[一些赞美Atom][3]为“完全开源，”但它不是。还差得远。
+
+### 开源的种类和排序 ###
+
+这并不是说GitHub把Atom伪装为开源。不是所有的吧，反正。作为GitHub的联合创始人Tom Preston-Werner规定，只有“Atom core”代码将被封闭源代码，而“所有现有下的Atom其余代码将永远遵守MIT-licensed。”原因是纯粹的商业，他[解释][4]：
+
+> Atom将不会封闭源代码，但它也不会开源。它将介于两者之间，因此很容易让我们对Atom进行贡献，同时仍然在根据限制性许可使用的来源，这样你可以看到一切正常。我们还没有最终决定究竟如何进行工作呢。我们将在充分的细节准备后正式启动。
+
+早在开源的初期，我们并不是使用这个名字。事实上，微软做到了。它被称为“共享源代码”。 [于2002年推出][5]，共享源代码是给它一个社区的方式来看待，但没有触及（或重新分配），微软的代码，微软的方式。对微软来说它没有这么好，作为SAP的大数据主管Vijay Vijayasankar提醒我们，但GitHub上可能会做的更好：
+
+> [@dberkholz][6]我记得在OSI偷看批评MS相当严重，这是一个营销噱头。但GitHub上可能会使好吗这个时候 
+> — Vijay Vijayasankar (@vijayasankarv) [2014年2月27日][7]
+
+他也许是对的。
+
+### GitHub的生成不能被打扰 ###
+
+微软毕竟是邪恶帝国，涂抹开源为“毒瘤”，等等。 GitHub？这是无处不在的开源项目的养父母。 [2013年][8] GitHub上突破千万代码库和300万新用户，狂热的每周活动：20,000问题，50,000评论，和250,000推由世界各地的贡献者保证代码库进展。
+
+GitHub的是，换句话说，地面零开源。
+
+也许正因为如此，GitHub的是得到一个免费通行证。在[HackerNews评论][9]上，[少数似乎太在意][10]认为GitHub上没有真正开源Atom。作为一个社区，开源已经在很大程度上战胜了免费软件：少教条，更实用。我们已经走到如此地步，许多所谓的“GitHub的一代”[甚至懒得将许可证分配给他们的软件在所有][11]。
+
+这是好事吗？
+
+这很难说，甚至难以争辩给出GitHub上的做法，它似乎并没有伤害任何人，并有可能通过给世界一个高品质，低成本的文本编辑器来帮助很多人。开源社区是越来越自由意志论者：不太可能规定许可和更关心的是良好的代码和良好的产品。
+
+这就是为什么GitHub上，Atlassian的和Amazon的Web服务，都依赖于专有软件或服务来赚钱，也可以如此惊人受开源开发者的欢迎。
+
+你了解了吗？
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://readwrite.com/2014/02/28/github-atom-text-editor#feed=/hack&awesm=~oxpErHVIIaxz3H
+
+译者：[乌龙茶](https://github.com/yechunxiao19) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://www.cioinsight.com/blogs/open-source-has-changed-everything.html#sthash.ESY4Kc3r.u8rX81Ow.dpuf
+[2]:https://github.com/atom
+[3]:http://thenextweb.com/apps/2014/02/26/github-releases-text-editor-coders-named-atom/#!xHNqf
+[4]:http://discuss.atom.io/t/why-is-atom-closed-source/82/8
+[5]:http://www.geek.com/news/microsoft-rep-clarifies-shared-source-initiative-550824/
+[6]:https://twitter.com/dberkholz
+[7]:https://twitter.com/vijayasankarv/statuses/438882094429642752
+[8]:http://octoverse.github.com/
+[9]:https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7302941
+[10]:https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7310017
+[11]:http://readwrite.com/2013/05/15/open-source-is-old-school-says-the-github-generation#awesm=~ox6tkvcaUwiEF0

translated/Interesting facts about Raspberry Pi.md

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+树莓派有趣的事实
+================================================================================
+树莓派上周庆祝了它的第二个生日。自从在2012.2.29初次登台以来，树莓派已经引导了一代新的微型，便宜，的独板电脑。大量基于树莓派的DIY项目想法通过网络涌现，并且在开发世界中有许多使用案例将树莓派作为低成本学习媒介。为了庆祝它的第二个生日，我会在这篇文章中分享几个**树莓派有趣的事实**
+
+![](http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2207/12961865855_b022bf59dd_z.jpg)
+
+1. [100,000 块树莓派板子][1] 在发行首日售出, 并且现在已有超过 [250万块板子][2] 在世界范围内售出.
+
+2. 首批树莓派在中国台湾制造, 但是现在所有在售的板子在 [英国制造][3].
+
+3. 树莓派可以超频 (通过进入所谓的 [turbo 模式][4]). 你可以修改 [overclocking/overvolting options][5] 或者在运行时使用raspi-config工具, 或者在启动时修改启动参数/boot/config.txt. 改变 overclocking/overvolting 选项不会影响你的保修.
+
+4. 树莓派不带MPEG-2解码器。 增加一个MPEG-2/VC-1编码授权会[增加10%的板子价格][6]. 因此, 你可以在你需要的时候再 [购买 MPEG-2/VC-1 序列号][7]。购买的序列号与你的树莓派绑定在一起。
+
+5. 你 [不可以树莓派上(ARMv6)运行Windows 8][8],因为 Windows 8 要求ARMv7或者更高级的处理器。同样地, 你不可以在树莓派上运行Ubuntu因为Ubuntu只支持 [ARMv7 后者更高][9].
+
+6. 树莓派(Raspberry Pi)[原始][10]的名字是: "树莓"(Raspberry),这起源于以前对于微处理器以水果命名的传统. "派"(Pi)指的是 "Python" 因为Python是第一个移植到树莓派的程序.
+
+7. [树莓派logo][11]中的树莓实际上是一个3D [富勒烯][12] (或者巴克球)，它一共有32面. logo中的11面是可见的. 无独有偶, 树莓派有一颗32位的ARM11处理器.
+
+8. Methematica, 一款商业的流行的计算软件, 现在已经在树莓派上[免费捆绑了][13].
+
+9. (感谢加里•格兰特) Kickstarter上最大的基于树莓派的项目是 [Kano][14]，它的目的是发行一个计算机/编码工具箱来帮助各年龄段的人制造一套他们自己的电脑。项目已经从13,387名支持者中获得$1,522,160。
+
+10. 根据 [Rastrack.co.uk][15], 树莓派最流行的国家是英国.
+
+That is all. If you know any interesting fact about Raspberry Pi, feel free to chime in.
+就是这些。如果你有任何关于树莓派有趣的事实，欢迎随时插话
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/03/interesting-facts-raspberry-pi.html
+
+译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://www.zdnet.com/we-thought-wed-sell-1000-the-inside-story-of-the-raspberry-pi-7000009718/
+[2]:http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/6299
+[3]:http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/5016
+[4]:http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2008
+[5]:http://elinux.org/RPi_config.txt#Overclocking_options
+[6]:http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1839
+[7]:http://www.raspberrypi.com/
+[8]:http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/digitalfoundry-inside-raspberry-pi
+[9]:https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ARM
+[10]:http://www.techspot.com/article/531-eben-upton-interview/
+[11]:http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/221
+[12]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminsterfullerene
+[13]:http://blog.stephenwolfram.com/2013/11/putting-the-wolfram-language-and-mathematica-on-every-raspberry-pi/
+[14]:https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/alexklein/kano-a-computer-anyone-can-make
+[15]:http://www.rastrack.co.uk/

translated/Ubuntu 14.04 LTS vs. Windows XP--Pros and Cons.md

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+对决：Ubuntu 14.04 LTS 大战 Windows XP
+================================================================================
+![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-2.jpg)
+
+**越来越多的人期待着 Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) 的发布，并希望她能在不改变用户习惯的前提下替代 Windows XP。
+因此我们将在本文尝试给大家分析下这个两个系统的优缺点**
+
+很多 Windows XP 用户在微软宣布四月份后即将停止对他们的操作系统提供安全更新后作出改变。
+他们像大多数改用 Linux 的用户一样，有着大量的系统操作和兼容性方面各式各样的问题。
+而事实是这些原 XP 用户可能顾虑太多了，理由如下：
+
+### 安装 ###
+
+如果你在一生中哪怕就装过一次 Windows，祝贺你，因为你已经知道该如何安装 Ubuntu 这类的系统了。
+Ubuntu 为用户提供了一个很直观而且没有太多复杂选项的安装界面。
+
+唯一可能会使你疑惑的就是系统分区时出现的大量陌生词汇了，比如“交换空间(swap)”和“EXT4文件系统”。
+不过好消息是在 Linux 下你或许永远不需要多个分区了。
+
+![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-3.jpg)
+
+*Ubuntu 安装*
+
+### 驱动 ###
+
+Windows 用户需要为新的硬件安装驱动，比方说聊天时用的摄像头。
+某些驱动或许会由系统提供，但大多数的仍需要手动安装。
+
+在 Ubuntu 的驱动问题上，唯一可能需要担心的就是显卡驱动了。
+首先你可能不清楚应该从哪里改变现有驱动，而安装一个新的驱动可能需要一些调整。
+然而这刚好是你学习如何添加一个 PPA 源以及更新你的软件包的好时机，而且这些操作都轻而易举。
+
+![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-4.jpg)
+
+*安装私有驱动*
+
+### 主界面 ###
+
+Ubuntu 在整体界面上还是和 Windows XP 有些区别的。尽管她更直观，但总有些偷懒的用户还是会放弃探索如何使用这个新系统的精彩时光。
+
+不过呢 Ubuntu 依然可以为这些“懒”用户们提供几种看起来更像 Windows XP 的衍生版本，比如 Xubuntu 和 Lubuntu。
+她们都是基于 Ubuntu 的而且提供基本相同的软件。
+
+![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-5.jpg)
+
+*Ubuntu 桌面*
+
+### 应用与安全 ###
+
+或许你会觉得在 Windows XP 上安装程序很容易。
+不是么？就双击一个安装程序，然后狂按下一步（包括压根没人读的那份最终用户许可协议），一个程序就这么装上了。
+
+Ubuntu 下事情其实更简单。只要打开 Ubuntu 软件中心然后搜索你想要的应用，最后轻轻按下安装，一切搞定！
+
+有些情况下在 Windows XP 上安装程序会很危险，尤其是在微软终止提供安全补丁以后。
+在 Ubuntu 上你将很难再见到你身边的那堆病毒和流氓软件，即使有病毒在 Linux 上出现也将非常短命。
+只要程序有任何一个问题出现，立即就会有开发人员释出补丁并修复。
+
+不过呢，在 Ubuntu 上你也许不大可能会找全你在 Windows XP 上曾经用过的所有软件。
+但大部分知名软件商都会提供 Linux 版本，不但如此你还可以在 Ubuntu 上找寻更多的相似软件予以替代。
+
+![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-6.jpg)
+
+*使用 Ubuntu 软件中心安装应用*
+
+### 游戏 ###
+
+也许 Windows XP 看起来更适合玩游戏，但事实是大多数游戏开发者将放弃去兼容一个即将消亡的系统。
+而且 Valve 将进一切力量去支持 Linux 平台并将整个游戏产业推向这个方向。
+
+Linux 版 Steam 仅推出一年时间就有 500 多个游戏上线而且这个趋势没有任何下降的迹象。
+再过几年，在游戏方面 Linux 平台必将赶超 Windows。
+所以现在就开始熟悉 Ubuntu 吧，如果你是个出色的玩家，就绝不应该放弃这个机会。
+
+![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084-7.jpg)
+
+*Linux 版《传送门 2》*
+
+### 结论 ###
+
+如果你是一个 Windows XP 用户但对使用 Linux 和 Ubuntu 有任何顾虑，建议你在升级到 Windows 7 或 8 之前再三考虑。
+Linux 有所有你需要的功能，没有任何理由不去使用一个基于她的操作系统。
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Ubuntu-14-04-LTS-vs-Windows-XP-Pros-and-Cons-430084.shtml
+
+译者：[VizV](https://github.com/vizv) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

translated/nSnake--Play The Classic Snake Game In Linux Terminal.md

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+nSnake: 在Linux的终端上玩经典的贪食蛇游戏
+================================================================================
+你知道20世纪末的那些古老的诺基亚手机上最棒的东西是什么吗？ [贪食蛇][1] 我以前在这个看似无聊但却让人上瘾的游戏上花费了大把的时间。在古老的诺基亚手机被智能手机取代的同时，贪食蛇也被另外的无聊但却令人上瘾的游戏取代了，比如说：[神庙逃亡][2]。但是，贪食蛇本身的魅力仍在。
+
+在Android，iOS以及Web上有很多可以玩的贪食蛇游戏。另外，在Linux终端上也有类似的游戏。对，你没有听错，Linux终端上真的有。
+
+### nSnake: Linux终端上的经典贪食蛇游戏 ###
+
+[nSnake][3] 是[Alexandre Dantas][4]开发的经典游戏——贪食蛇的Linux终端版本。差不多在所有的Linux发行版中，你都可以获取nSnake，但是在这篇文章中我们只介绍如何在Ubuntu以及与Ubuntu相似的发行版中安装它。
+
+要在Ubuntu或者Linux Mint中安装nSnake， 你只需要打开终端，然后使用下面的命令：
+
+    sudo apt-get install nsnake
+
+一旦安装成功，你就可以使用下面的命令来运行游戏了：
+
+    nsnake
+
+在终端中运行起来的nSnake就类似于下面截图中的内容。如果你很纠结，为什么我的Ubuntu终端和Ubuntu默认的紫红色终端不一样呢？那是因为我用了Numix主题。[更多优秀的Ubuntu主题][5]
+
+![Play Snake game in Linux terminal with nSnake](http://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/nSnake_Linux_terminal_game.jpeg)
+
+玩nSnake是非常简单的。你可以从开始界面选择游戏速度以及是否开启边框。游戏开始后，使用方向键控制贪吃的小蛇蛇，P键暂停游戏，Q键退出游戏。
+
+你觉得nSnake怎么样？ 你以前玩过吗？ 你还玩过其他的Linux终端游戏吗？ 来跟我们分享一下吧！
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://itsfoss.com/nsnake-play-classic-snake-game-linux-terminal/
+
+译者：[intermerlin](https://github.com/intermerlin) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snake_(video_game)
+[2]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_Run
+[3]:http://alexdantas.net/projects/nsnake/
+[4]:http://alexdantas.net/
+[5]:http://itsfoss.com/best-themes-ubuntu-1310/

translated/news/README.md

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+这里放新闻类文章，要求时效性

translated/talk/README.md

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+这里放评论类文章，要求可读性

translated/tech/README.md

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+这里放技术类文章，要求准确性