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[Trnalated] Linux FAQs with Answers--How to set a static MAC address on VMware ESXi virtual machine

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Translating-----------geekpi
Linux FAQs with Answers--How to set a static MAC address on VMware ESXi virtual machine
================================================================================
> **Question**: I want to assign a static MAC address to a virtual machine (VM) on VMware ESXi. However, when I attempt to start a VM with a static MAC address, the VM fails to start and throws an error "00:0c:29:1f:4a:ab is not an allowed static Ethernet address. It conflicts with VMware reserved MACs". How can I set a static MAC address on VMware ESXi VMs?
When you create a VM on VMware ESXi, each network interface of the VM is assigned a dynamically generated MAC address. If you want to change this default behavior and assign a static MAC address to your VM, here is how to do it.
![](https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5592/14726591627_64c1dc67ce_z.jpg)
As you can see above, VMware's vSphere GUI client already has a menu for setting a static MAC address for a VM. However, this GUI-based method only allows you to choose a static MAC address from **00:50:56:xx:xx:xx**, which is VMware-reserved MAC address range. If you attempt to set any arbitrary MAC address outside this MAC range, you will fail to launch the VM, and get the following error.
![](https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5591/14890165456_a82ded21b9_z.jpg)
Then what if I want to assign any arbitrary MAC address to a VM?
Fortunately, there is a workaround to this limitation. The solution is, instead of using vSphere GUI client, editing .vmx file of your VM directly, after logging in to the ESXi host.
First, turn off the VM to which you want to assign a static MAC address.
[Enable SSH access to your ESXi host][1] if you haven't done it already. Then log in to the ESXi host via SSH.
Move to the directory where your VM's .vmx file is located:
# cd vmfs/volumes/datastore1/[name-of-vm]
Open .vmx file with a text editor, and add the following fields. Replace the MAC address field with your own.
ethernet0.addressType = "static"
ethernet0.checkMACAddress = "false"
ethernet0.address = "00:0c:29:1f:4b:ac"
Now you should be able to launch a VM with the static MAC address you defined in .vmx file.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/static-mac-address-vmware-esxi-virtual-machine.html
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[1]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/enable-ssh-remote-access-vmware-esxi5.html

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Linux FAQ -- 如何在VMware ESXi虚拟机上设置静态MAC地址。
================================================================================
> **问题**:我想给VMware ESXi上的一台虚拟机分配一个静态的MAC地址。然而当我开始这么做的时候，虚拟机就不能启动了不且抛出了一个这样一个错误"00:0c:29:1f:4a:ab is not an allowed static Ethernet address. It conflicts with VMware reserved MACs"（00:0c:29:1f:4a:ab不是一个合法的静态以太网地址。它与VMWare的保留MAC地址冲突）。我该如何在VMware ESXi虚拟机上设置静态MAC地址？
当你在VMware ESXi上创建虚拟机时，虚拟机的每个网络接口就被分配了一个动态的NAC地址。如果你想要改变默认的行为并给你的虚拟机分配一个静态MAC地址时就这样做
![](https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5592/14726591627_64c1dc67ce_z.jpg)
如你上图所见，VMWare的vSphere的GUI客户端已经有一个为虚拟机分配静态MAC地址的菜单。然而，基于GUI的方法只允许你在**00:50:56:xx:xx:xx**的范围里选择一个静态MAC地址，这是VMWare保留的MAC地址范围。如果你尝试设置任何超出这个范围的MAC地址，你就会无法启动VM，接着就会看到下面的错误。
![](https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5591/14890165456_a82ded21b9_z.jpg)
那么如果我想要给虚拟机设置任意的MAC地址怎么办？
幸运地，这里有一个对于这个限制的临时方案。方法就是，不使用vSphere GUI客户端编辑。在登录ESXi主机后直接编辑你虚拟机的.vmx文件。
首先关闭你想要分配静态MAC地址的虚拟机。
[对你的ESXi主机启用SSH访问][1]如果你还没这么做的话。接着通过SSH登录ESXi主机。
移到你虚拟机的.vmx文件所在目录。
# cd vmfs/volumes/datastore1/[name-of-vm]
用文本编辑器打开.vmx文件，接着在加入下面这几行。把MAC地址替换成你自己的MAC地址。
ethernet0.addressType = "static"
ethernet0.checkMACAddress = "false"
ethernet0.address = "00:0c:29:1f:4b:ac"
现在你应该可以使用你定义在.vmx文件中的静态MAC地址启动虚拟机了。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/static-mac-address-vmware-esxi-virtual-machine.html
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[1]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/enable-ssh-remote-access-vmware-esxi5.html