From 36d5a4074652b64a4dc35728a1814c99088c5ebb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xingyu Wang Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2020 23:02:41 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] TSL --- ...DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF.md | 77 ------------------- ...DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF.md | 66 ++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 66 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 sources/tech/20191220 The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF.md create mode 100644 translated/tech/20191220 The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20191220 The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF.md b/sources/tech/20191220 The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF.md deleted file mode 100644 index 63e2443760..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20191220 The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,77 +0,0 @@ -[#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: (wxy) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) -[#]: subject: (The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF?) -[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-dnf-vs-yum/) -[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/) - -The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF? -====== - -**[Yum Package Manager][1]** has been replaced by **[DNF Package Manager][2]** since many long-standing issues in Yum remain unresolved. - -These problems include poor performance, excessive memory usage, slowdown for dependency resolution. - -DNF uses “libsolv” for dependency resolution, developed and maintained by SUSE to improve performance. - -It was written mostly in python, and it has its own way of coping with dependency resolution. - -Its API is not fully documented, and its extension system only allows Python plugins. - -Yum is a front-end tool for rpm that manages dependencies and repositories, and then uses RPM to install, download, and remove packages. - -Why would they want to build a new tool instead of fixing existing problems? - -Ales Kozamblak explained that the fixing was not technically feasible and that the yum team was not ready to accept the changes immediately. - -Also, the big challenge is that there are 56K lines for yum, but only 29K lines for DNF. - -So there is no way to fix it, except the fork. - -However yum was working fine. - -S.No | DNF (Dandified YUM) | YUM (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) ----|---|--- -1 | DNF uses libsolv for dependency resolution, developed and maintained by SUSE. | YUM uses the public API for dependency resolution -2 | API is fully documented | API is not fully documented -3 | It is written in C, C++, Python | It is written only in Python -4 | DNF is currently used in Fedora, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 (RHEL), CentOS 8, OEL 8 and Mageia 6/7. | YUM is currently used in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6/7 (RHEL), CentOS 6/7, OEL 6/7. -5 | DNf supports various extensions | Yum supports only Python based extension -6 | The API is well documented so it's easy to create new features | It is very difficult to create new features because the API is not properly documented. -7 | The DNF uses less memory when synchronizing the metadata of the repositories. | The YUM uses excessive memory when synchronizing the metadata of the repositories. -8 | DNF uses a satisfiability algorithm to solve dependency resolution (It's using a dictionary approach to store and retrieve package and dependency information). | Yum dependency resolution gets sluggish due to public API. -9 | All performance is good in terms of memory usage and dependency resolution of repository metadata. | Over all performance is poor in terms of many factors. -10 | DNF Update: If a package contains irrelevant dependencies during a DNF update process, the package will not be updated. | YUM will update a package without verifying this. -11 | If the enabled repository does not respond, dnf will skip it and continue the transaction with the available repositories. | If a repository is not available, YUM will stop immediately. -12 | dnf update and dnf upgrade equals. | It's different in yum -13 | The dependencies on package installation are not updated | Yum offered an option for this behavior -14 | Clean Up Package Removal: When removing a package, dnf automatically removes any dependency packages not explicitly installed by the user. | Yum didn’t do this -15 | Repo Cache Update Schedule: By default, ten minutes after the system boots, updates to configured repositories are checked by dnf hourly. This action is controlled by the system timer unit named "/usr/lib/systemd/system/dnf-makecache.timer". | Yum do this too. -16 | Kernel packages are not protected by dnf. Unlike Yum, you can delete all kernel packages, including one that runs. | Yum will not allow you to remove the running kernel -17 | libsolv: for solving packages and reading repositories. - -hawkey: hawkey, library providing simplified C and Python API to libsolv. - -librepo: library providing C and Python (libcURL like) API for downloading linux repository metadata and packages. - -libcomps: Libcomps is alternative for yum.comps library. It’s written in pure C as library and there’s bindings for python2 and python3 | Yum does not use separate libraries to perform this function. -18 | DNF contains 29k lines of code | Yum contains 56k lines of code -19 | DNF was developed by Ales Kozumplik | YUM was developed by Zdenek Pavlas, Jan Silhan and team members - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-dnf-vs-yum/ - -作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/ -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/ -[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-centos-rhel-systems/ diff --git a/translated/tech/20191220 The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF.md b/translated/tech/20191220 The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f73a3e180b --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20191220 The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF.md @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: (wxy) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (The Difference Between DNF and YUM, Why is Yum Replaced by DNF?) +[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-dnf-vs-yum/) +[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/) + +DNF 和 YUM 的区别，为什么 YUM 会被 DNF 取代？ +====== + +由于 Yum 中许多长期存在的问题仍未得到解决，因此 [Yum 包管理器][1]已被 [DNF 包管理器][2]取代。这些问题包括性能差、内存占用过多、依赖解析速度变慢等。 + +DNF 使用 `libsolv` 进行依赖解析，由 SUSE 开发和维护，旨在提高性能。DNF 主要是用 Python 编写的，它有自己的应对依赖解析的方法。 + +Yum 是 RPM 的前端工具，它管理依赖关系和资源库，然后使用 RPM 来安装、下载和删除包。它的 API 没有完整的文档，它的扩展系统只允许 Python 插件。 + +为什么他们要建立一个新的工具，而不是修复现有的问题呢？ + +Ales Kozamblak 解释说，这个修复在技术上是不可行的，而且 Yum 团队还没有准备好立即接受修改。 + +另外，最大的挑战是，Yum 有 56000 行代码，但 DNF 只有 29000 行代码。 + +所以除了分叉，没有办法解决。 + +不过 Yum 的运行情况还算可以。 + + +编号 | DNF（Dandified YUM） | YUM（Yellowdog Updater, Modified） +---|---|--- +1 | DNF 使用 libsolv 来解析依赖关系，由 SUSE 开发和维护 | YUM 使用公开的 API 来解析依赖关系 +2 | API 有完整的文档 | API 没有完整的文档 +3 | 由 C、C++、Python 编写的 | 只用 Python 编写 +4 | DNF 目前在 Fedora、RHEL 8、CentOS 8、OEL 8 和 Mageia 6/7 中使用 | YUM 目前在 RHEL 6/7、CentOS 6/7、OEL 6/7 中使用 +5 | DNf 支持各种扩展 | Yum 只支持基于 Python 的扩展 +6 | API 有良好的文档，因此很容易创建新的功能 | 因为 API 没有正确的文档化，所以创建新功能非常困难 +7 | DNF 在同步存储库的元数据时，使用的内存较少 | 在同步存储库的元数据时，YUM 使用了过多的内存 +8 | DNF 使用满足性算法来解决依赖关系解析（它是用字典的方法来存储和检索包和依赖信息）| 由于使用公开 API 的原因，Yum 依赖性解析变得迟钝 +9 | 从内存使用量和版本库元数据的依赖性解析来看，性能都不错 | 总的来说，在很多因素的影响下，表现不佳 +10 | DNF 更新：在 DNF 更新过程中，如果包中包含不相关的依赖，则不会更新 | YUM 将在没有验证的情况下更新软件包 +11 | 如果启用的存储库没有响应，DNF 将跳过它，并继续使用可用的存储库出来事务 | 如果有存储库不可用，YUM 会立即停止 +12 | `dnf update` 和 `dnf upgrade` 是等价的 | 在 Yum 中则不同 +13 | 安装包的依赖关系不更新 | Yum 为这种行为提供了一个选项 +14 | 清理删除的包：当删除一个包时，DNF 会自动删除任何没有被用户明确安装的依赖包 | Yum 不会这样做 +15 | 存储库缓存更新计划：默认情况下，系统启动后 10 分钟后，DNF 每小时检查一次对配置的存储库的更新。这个动作由系统定时器单元 `/usr/lib/systemd/system/system/dnf-makecache.timer` 控制 | Yum 也会这样做 +16 | 内核包不受 DNF 保护。不像 Yum，你可以删除所有的内核包，包括运行中的内核包 | Yum 不允许你删除运行中的内核 +17 | libsolv：用于解包和读取资源库。hawkey: 为 libsolv 提供简化的 C 和 Python API 库。librepo: 提供 C 和 Python（类似 libcURL）API 的库，用于下载 Linux 存储库元数据和软件包。libcomps: 是 yum.comps 库的替代品。它是用纯 C 语言编写的库，有 Python 2 和 Python 3 的绑定。| Yum 不使用单独的库来执行这些功能 +18 | DNF 包含 29000 行代码 | Yum 包含 56000 行代码 +19 | DNF 由 Ales Kozumplik 开发 | YUM 由 Zdenek Pavlas、Jan Silhan 和团队成员开发 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-dnf-vs-yum/ + +作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/ +[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-centos-rhel-systems/