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[Translated] 20180702 View The Contents Of An Archive Or Compressed File Without Extracting It.md
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Chang Liu
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View The Contents Of An Archive Or Compressed File Without Extracting It
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======
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In this tutorial, we are going to learn how to view the contents of an Archive and/or Compressed file without actually extracting it in Unix-like operating systems. Before going further, let be clear about Archive and compress files. There is significant difference between both. The Archiving is the process of combining multiple files or folders or both into a single file. In this case, the resulting file is not compressed. The compressing is a method of combining multiple files or folders or both into a single file and finally compress the resulting file. The archive is not a compressed file, but the compressed file can be an archive. Clear? Well, let us get to the topic.
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### View The Contents Of An Archive Or Compressed File Without Extracting It
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Thanks to Linux community, there are many command line applications are available to do it. Let us going to see some of them with examples.
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**1\. Using Vim Editor**
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Vim is not just an editor. Using Vim, we can do numerous things. The following command displays the contents of an compressed archive file without decompressing it.
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```
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$ vim ostechnix.tar.gz
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```
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![][2]
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You can even browse through the archive and open the text files (if there are any) in the archive as well. To open a text file, just put the mouse cursor in-front of the file using arrow keys and hit ENTER to open it.
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**2\. Using Tar command**
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To list the contents of a tar archive file, run:
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```
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$ tar -tf ostechnix.tar
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ostechnix/
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ostechnix/image.jpg
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ostechnix/file.pdf
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ostechnix/song.mp3
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```
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Or, use **-v** flag to view the detailed properties of the archive file, such as permissions, file owner, group, creation date etc.
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```
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$ tar -tvf ostechnix.tar
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drwxr-xr-x sk/users 0 2018-07-02 19:30 ostechnix/
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-rw-r--r-- sk/users 53632 2018-06-29 15:57 ostechnix/image.jpg
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-rw-r--r-- sk/users 156831 2018-06-04 12:37 ostechnix/file.pdf
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-rw-r--r-- sk/users 9702219 2018-04-25 20:35 ostechnix/song.mp3
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```
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**3\. Using Rar command**
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To view the contents of a rar file, simply do:
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```
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$ rar v ostechnix.rar
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RAR 5.60 Copyright (c) 1993-2018 Alexander Roshal 24 Jun 2018
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Trial version Type 'rar -?' for help
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Archive: ostechnix.rar
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Details: RAR 5
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Attributes Size Packed Ratio Date Time Checksum Name
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----------- --------- -------- ----- ---------- ----- -------- ----
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-rw-r--r-- 53632 52166 97% 2018-06-29 15:57 70260AC4 ostechnix/image.jpg
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-rw-r--r-- 156831 139094 88% 2018-06-04 12:37 C66C545E ostechnix/file.pdf
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-rw-r--r-- 9702219 9658527 99% 2018-04-25 20:35 DD875AC4 ostechnix/song.mp3
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----------- --------- -------- ----- ---------- ----- -------- ----
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9912682 9849787 99% 3
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```
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**4\. Using Unrar command**
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You can also do the same using **Unrar** command with **l** flag as shown below.
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```
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$ unrar l ostechnix.rar
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UNRAR 5.60 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2018 Alexander Roshal
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Archive: ostechnix.rar
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Details: RAR 5
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Attributes Size Date Time Name
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----------- --------- ---------- ----- ----
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-rw-r--r-- 53632 2018-06-29 15:57 ostechnix/image.jpg
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-rw-r--r-- 156831 2018-06-04 12:37 ostechnix/file.pdf
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-rw-r--r-- 9702219 2018-04-25 20:35 ostechnix/song.mp3
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----------- --------- ---------- ----- ----
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9912682 3
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```
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**5\. Using Zip command**
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To view the contents of a zip file without extracting it, use the following zip command:
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```
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$ zip -sf ostechnix.zip
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Archive contains:
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Life advices.jpg
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Total 1 entries (597219 bytes)
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```
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**6. Using Unzip command
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**
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You can also use Unzip command with -l flag to display the contents of a zip file like below.
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```
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$ unzip -l ostechnix.zip
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Archive: ostechnix.zip
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Length Date Time Name
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--------- ---------- ----- ----
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597219 2018-04-09 12:48 Life advices.jpg
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--------- -------
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597219 1 file
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```
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**7\. Using Zipinfo command**
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```
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$ zipinfo ostechnix.zip
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Archive: ostechnix.zip
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Zip file size: 584859 bytes, number of entries: 1
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-rw-r--r-- 6.3 unx 597219 bx defN 18-Apr-09 12:48 Life advices.jpg
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1 file, 597219 bytes uncompressed, 584693 bytes compressed: 2.1%
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```
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As you can see, the above command displays the contents of the zip file, its permissions, creating date, and percentage of compression etc.
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**8. Using Zcat command
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**
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To view the contents of a compressed archive file without extracting it using **zcat** command, we do:
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```
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$ zcat ostechnix.tar.gz
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```
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The zcat is same as “gunzip -c” command. So, you can also use the following command to view the contents of the archive/compressed file:
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```
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$ gunzip -c ostechnix.tar.gz
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```
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**9. Using Zless command
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**
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To view the contents of an archive/compressed file using Zless command, simply do:
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```
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$ zless ostechnix.tar.gz
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```
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This command is similar to “less” command where it displays the output page by page.
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**10. Using Less command
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**
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As you might already know, the **less** command can be used to open a file for interactive reading, allowing scrolling and search.
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Run the following command to view the contents of an archive/compressed file using less command:
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```
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$ less ostechnix.tar.gz
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```
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And, that’s all for now. You know now how to view the contents of an archive of compressed file using various commands in Linux. Hope you find this useful. More good stuffs to come. Stay tuned!
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Cheers!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.ostechnix.com/how-to-view-the-contents-of-an-archive-or-compressed-file-without-extracting-it/
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作者：[SK][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
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[1]:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
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[2]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/vim.png
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查看一个归档或压缩文件的内容而无需解压它
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======
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在本教程中，我们将学习如何在类 Unix 系统中查看一个归档或者压缩文件的内容而无需实际解压它。在深入之前，让我们先厘清归档和压缩文件的概念，它们之间有显著不同。归档是将多个文件或者目录归并到一个文件的过程，因此这个生成的文件是没有被压缩过的。而压缩则是结合多个文件或者目录到一个文件并最终压缩这个文件的方法。归档文件不是一个压缩文件，但压缩文件可以是一个归档文件，清楚了吗？好，那就让我们进入今天的主题。
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### 查看一个归档或者压缩文件的内容而无需解压它
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得益于 Linux 社区，有很多命令行工具可以来达成上面的目标。下面就让我们来看看使用它们的一些示例。
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**1 使用 Vim 编辑器**
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Vim 不只是一个编辑器，使用它我们可以干很多事情。下面的命令展示的是在没有解压的情况下使用 Vim 查看一个压缩的归档文件的内容：
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```
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$ vim ostechnix.tar.gz
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```
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![][2]
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你甚至还可以浏览归档文件的内容，打开其中的文本文件（假如有的话）。要打开一个文本文件，只需要用方向键将鼠标的游标放置到文件的前面，然后敲 ENTER 键来打开它。
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**2 使用 Tar 命令**
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为了列出一个 tar 归档文件的内容，可以运行：
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```
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$ tar -tf ostechnix.tar
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ostechnix/
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ostechnix/image.jpg
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ostechnix/file.pdf
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ostechnix/song.mp3
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```
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或者使用 **-v** 选项来查看归档文件的具体属性，例如它的文件所有者、属组、创建日期等等。
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```
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$ tar -tvf ostechnix.tar
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drwxr-xr-x sk/users 0 2018-07-02 19:30 ostechnix/
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-rw-r--r-- sk/users 53632 2018-06-29 15:57 ostechnix/image.jpg
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-rw-r--r-- sk/users 156831 2018-06-04 12:37 ostechnix/file.pdf
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-rw-r--r-- sk/users 9702219 2018-04-25 20:35 ostechnix/song.mp3
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```
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**3 使用 Rar 命令**
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要查看一个 rar 文件的内容，只需要执行：
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```
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$ rar v ostechnix.rar
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RAR 5.60 Copyright (c) 1993-2018 Alexander Roshal 24 Jun 2018
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Trial version Type 'rar -?' for help
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Archive: ostechnix.rar
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Details: RAR 5
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Attributes Size Packed Ratio Date Time Checksum Name
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----------- --------- -------- ----- ---------- ----- -------- ----
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-rw-r--r-- 53632 52166 97% 2018-06-29 15:57 70260AC4 ostechnix/image.jpg
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-rw-r--r-- 156831 139094 88% 2018-06-04 12:37 C66C545E ostechnix/file.pdf
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-rw-r--r-- 9702219 9658527 99% 2018-04-25 20:35 DD875AC4 ostechnix/song.mp3
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----------- --------- -------- ----- ---------- ----- -------- ----
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9912682 9849787 99% 3
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```
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**4 使用 Unrar 命令**
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你也可以使用带有 **l** 选项的 **Unrar** 来做到与上面相同的事情，展示如下：
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```
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$ unrar l ostechnix.rar
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UNRAR 5.60 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2018 Alexander Roshal
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Archive: ostechnix.rar
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Details: RAR 5
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Attributes Size Date Time Name
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----------- --------- ---------- ----- ----
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-rw-r--r-- 53632 2018-06-29 15:57 ostechnix/image.jpg
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-rw-r--r-- 156831 2018-06-04 12:37 ostechnix/file.pdf
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-rw-r--r-- 9702219 2018-04-25 20:35 ostechnix/song.mp3
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----------- --------- ---------- ----- ----
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9912682 3
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```
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**5 使用 Zip 命令**
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为了查看一个 zip 文件的内容而无需解压它，可以使用下面的 **zip** 命令：
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```
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$ zip -sf ostechnix.zip
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Archive contains:
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Life advices.jpg
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Total 1 entries (597219 bytes)
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```
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**6. 使用 Unzip 命令**
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你也可以像下面这样使用 **-l** 选项的 **Unzip** 命令来呈现一个 zip 文件的内容：
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```
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$ unzip -l ostechnix.zip
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Archive: ostechnix.zip
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Length Date Time Name
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--------- ---------- ----- ----
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597219 2018-04-09 12:48 Life advices.jpg
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--------- -------
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597219 1 file
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```
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**7 使用 Zipinfo 命令**
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```
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$ zipinfo ostechnix.zip
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Archive: ostechnix.zip
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Zip file size: 584859 bytes, number of entries: 1
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-rw-r--r-- 6.3 unx 597219 bx defN 18-Apr-09 12:48 Life advices.jpg
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1 file, 597219 bytes uncompressed, 584693 bytes compressed: 2.1%
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```
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如你所见，上面的命令展示了一个 zip 文件的内容、它的权限、创建日期和压缩百分比等等信息。
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**8. 使用 Zcat 命令**
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要一个压缩的归档文件的内容而不解压它，使用 **zcat** 命令，我们可以得到：
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```
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$ zcat ostechnix.tar.gz
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```
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zcat 和 `gunzip -c` 命令相同。所以你可以使用下面的命令来查看归档或者压缩文件的内容：
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```
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$ gunzip -c ostechnix.tar.gz
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```
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**9. 使用 Zless 命令**
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要使用 Zless 命令来查看一个归档或者压缩文件的内容，只需：
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```
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$ zless ostechnix.tar.gz
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```
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这个命令类似于 `less` 命令，它将一页一页地展示其输出。
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**10. 使用 Less 命令**
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可能你已经知道 **less** 命令可以打开文件来交互式地阅读它，并且它支持滚动和搜索。
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运行下面的命令来使用 less 命令查看一个归档或者压缩文件的内容：
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```
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$ less ostechnix.tar.gz
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```
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上面便是全部的内容了。现在你知道了如何在 Linux 中使用各种命令查看一个归档或者压缩文件的内容了。希望本文对你有用。更多好的内容将呈现给大家，希望继续关注我们！
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干杯！
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.ostechnix.com/how-to-view-the-contents-of-an-archive-or-compressed-file-without-extracting-it/
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作者：[SK][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[FSSlc](https://github.com/FSSlc)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
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[1]:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
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[2]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/vim.png
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||||
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