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[#]: subject: "How to Check if Your Linux System Uses systemd"
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[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/check-if-systemd/"
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[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972/lctt-scripts-1700446145"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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How to Check if Your Linux System Uses systemd
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======
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Every mainstream Linux distro including Ubuntu, Fedora, openSUSE, and Arch uses systemd by default.
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But there are [many non-systemd distros][1] like Void Linux that uses lightweight runit for better performance or Devuan that uses sysvinit on principal basis.
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The problem comes when you are trying to follow some tutorial or documentation and it has commands specific to systemd or some other init service.
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And this is where you have to check if your Linux system uses systemd or something else.
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One way would to be check the process with PID 1 (after all, an init system is the first process to run on a Linux system).
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```
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ps 1
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```
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But its output could be misleading as often it shows `/sbin/init` which is just a soft link to actual init process.
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If you [follow that symbolic link][2], you can get the init system information. There are two ways of doing that:
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* Using the stat command
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* Using the readlink command
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So let's start with the first one.
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📋
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These methods were tested with 6 init systems: Systemd, OpenRC, SysVnint, Busybox, runit, and s6.
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### Method 1: Check if systemd is in use with the stat command
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Here's how you can use the stat command to find out what init system you are using:
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```
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stat /sbin/init
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```
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If you are using a systemd-powered distro, then it will show you the following output:
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![][3]
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But if you are using anything else than systemd, it will show the init name unless you are using SysVnit which will only show you `init` instead of `sysvnit`:
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![SysVnit only displays "init" instead of sysvnit][4]
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### Method 2: Check the init system using the readlink command
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Unlike the previous method, when you use the readlink command, it will only print the name of the init system.
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So if you want to know if you are using Systemd or not, simply use the following command:
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```
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readlink /sbin/init
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```
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![][5]
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If you are using the [OpenRC init service][6], then it will show the following output:
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![][7]
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But if you are using SysVnit, then, it will show you the following output:
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![][8]
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### Tiny 'script' I wrote for you
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Another way is to check if the `/run/systemd/system` directory exists or not.
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Well, the easiest way to find out is to [use an if-else bash command][9] in your terminal which will check if you are running a systemd-powered distro or not:
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```
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if [ -d /run/systemd/system ]; then echo "System is running systemd"; else echo "System is not running systemd"; fi
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```
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![][10]
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### More on systemd
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Once you know you are using the systemd-powered distro, here's how you can [manage services using the systemctl command][11]:
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![][12]
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Want to [create a systemd service][13] from scratch? You can do that too:
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![][12]
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I hope you will find this guide helpful.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/check-if-systemd/
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作者：[Sagar Sharma][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://itsfoss.com/systemd-free-distros/
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[2]: https://linuxhandbook.com/follow-symbolic-link/
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[3]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Use-the-stat-command-to-find-if-you-are-using-systemd-or-not.png
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[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Check-if-you-are-using-SysVnit-in-Linux-or-not.png
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[5]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Use-the-readlink-command-to-find-if-you-are-using-systemd-or-not-something-else.png
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[6]: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC/openrc-init
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[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/find-if-you-are-using-openrc-as-init-system.png
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[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/How-to-find-out-if-you-are-using-SysVnit-as-init-system-in-Linux.png
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[9]: https://itsfoss.com/bash-if-else/
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[10]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/A-simple-if-else-statement-to-know-if-you-are-using-systemd-distro-or-not.png
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[11]: https://linuxhandbook.com/systemctl-commands/
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[12]: https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2021/08/Linux-Handbook-New-Logo.png
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[13]: https://linuxhandbook.com/create-systemd-services/
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@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
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[#]: subject: "How to Check if Your Linux System Uses systemd"
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[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/check-if-systemd/"
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[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972/lctt-scripts-1700446145"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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如何检查你的 Linux 系统是否使用 systemd
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======
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每个主流 Linux 发行版（包括 Ubuntu、Fedora、openSUSE 和 Arch）默认都使用 systemd。
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但是有[许多非 systemd 发行版][1]，例如使用轻量级 runit 来获得更好性能的 Void Linux 或主要使用 sysvinit 的 Devuan。
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当你尝试遵循某些教程或文档并且其中包含特定于 systemd 或某些其他 init 服务的命令时，就会出现问题。
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这时，你必须检查你的 Linux 系统使用的是 systemd 还是其他系统。
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一种方法是检查 PID 为 1 的进程（毕竟，init 系统是 Linux 系统上运行的第一个进程）。
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````
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ps 1
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````
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但它的输出可能会产生误导，因为它经常显示 `/sbin/init`，这只是实际 init 进程的软链接。
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如果你[跟随该符号链接][2]，就可以获取 init 系统信息。有两种方法：
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* 使用 stat 命令
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* 使用 readlink 命令
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那么让我们从第一个开始。
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📋
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这些方法在 6 个 init 系统中进行了测试： Systemd、OpenRC、SysVnint、Busybox、runit 和 s6。
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### 方法 1：使用 stat 命令检查 systemd 是否正在使用
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以下是如何使用 stat 命令来了解你正在使用的 init 系统：
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```
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stat /sbin/init
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```
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如果你使用的是 systemd 支持的发行版，那么它将显示以下输出：
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![][3]
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但是，如果你使用 systemd 之外的其他任何东西，它将显示 init 名称，除非你使用 SysVnit，它只会显示 `init` 而不是 `sysvnit`：
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![SysVnit only displays "init" instead of sysvnit][4]
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### 方法 2：使用 readlink 命令检查 init 系统
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与之前的方法不同，当你使用 readlink 命令时，它只会打印 init 系统的名称。
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因此，如果你想知道你是否正在使用 Systemd，只需使用以下命令：
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```
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readlink /sbin/init
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```
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![][5]
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如果你使用 [OpenRC init service][6]，那么它将显示以下输出：
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![][7]
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但如果你使用 SysVnit，那么它会显示以下输出：
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![][8]
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### 我为你写的小“脚本”
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另一种方法是检查 `/run/systemd/system` 目录是否存在。
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好吧，最简单的找出方法是在终端中[使用 if-else bash 命令][9]，它将检查你是否正在运行由 systemd 驱动的发行版：
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```
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if [ -d /run/systemd/system ]; then echo "System is running systemd"; else echo "System is not running systemd"; fi
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```
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![][10]
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### 有关 systemd 的更多信息
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当你知道你正在使用 systemd 支持的发行版，你就可以[使用 systemctl 命令管理服务][11]：
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![][12]
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想要从头开始[创建一个 systemd 服务][13]？ 你也可以那样做：
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![][12]
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我希望本指南对你有所帮助。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/check-if-systemd/
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作者：[Sagar Sharma][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://itsfoss.com/systemd-free-distros/
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[2]: https://linuxhandbook.com/follow-symbolic-link/
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[3]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Use-the-stat-command-to-find-if-you-are-using-systemd-or-not.png
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[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Check-if-you-are-using-SysVnit-in-Linux-or-not.png
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[5]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Use-the-readlink-command-to-find-if-you-are-using-systemd-or-not-something-else.png
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[6]: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC/openrc-init
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[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/find-if-you-are-using-openrc-as-init-system.png
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[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/How-to-find-out-if-you-are-using-SysVnit-as-init-system-in-Linux.png
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[9]: https://itsfoss.com/bash-if-else/
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[10]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/A-simple-if-else-statement-to-know-if-you-are-using-systemd-distro-or-not.png
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[11]: https://linuxhandbook.com/systemctl-commands/
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[12]: https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2021/08/Linux-Handbook-New-Logo.png
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[13]: https://linuxhandbook.com/create-systemd-services/
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