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Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject
This commit is contained in:
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311a1ee2d0
@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
|
||||
‘Unity Greeter Badges’：将丢失的会话图标带回Ubuntu登录屏幕
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
新出现在**Ubuntu 15.04中的一个软件包解决了我对Unity 欢迎屏的微词：像Cinnamon这样的其它Linux桌面会话没有徽章图标。**
|
||||
|
||||
我知道这有点吹毛求疵了；这只是对大多数人而言几乎毫无影响的视觉瑕疵罢了。但是这种不一致性时时刻刻缠绕着我，让我不胜其烦，因为Ubuntu的一些会话带有徽章图标，包括Unity、GNOME和KDE。而剩下的其它桌面环境，包括它自己的一些旁系产品，像Xubuntu，只会在会话切换列表和主用户界面显示了一个不能再简单的白点。
|
||||
|
||||
这些点点们造成的这种不一致性刺激着我的神经，即使它只是稍纵即逝，但这种刺激不仅仅来自设计，也来自可用性方面。标牌式的标志符号对于让我们知道我们即将登陆到哪个会话很有帮助。
|
||||
|
||||
例如，你能告诉我们这个是个什么会话呢？
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Budgie? 也许是 MATE? 也能是 Cinnamon……我必须点开它才能知道。
|
||||
|
||||
没有必要这样做啊。构建Unity Greeter，就是为了让桌面环境开发者能够部署徽章到欢迎屏幕中（有些确实这样做了）。但在许多情况下，像MATE，它的包来自上游的Debian，想要移植一个“Ubuntu专用的补丁包”不太可取，也不太可能。
|
||||
|
||||
### 一个解决方案出炉了 ###
|
||||
|
||||
一位有经验的Debian维护者[Doug Torrance][1]有了修复该可用性瑕疵的解决方案。与其依赖桌面制造者自己来添加品牌式徽章到他们的包中，与其给Ubuntu增加维护它的责任重担，Torrance还不如自己创建了一个独立的‘unity-greeter-badges’包来收容它们。
|
||||
|
||||
承担起了直接提供会话标志的假定责任后，该包确保能同时迎合新旧窗口管理器、会话和桌面。
|
||||
|
||||
在30个左右的桌面环境列表中，它为以下桌面捆绑了新的会话徽章：
|
||||
|
||||
- Xubuntu
|
||||
- Cinnamon
|
||||
- MATE
|
||||
- Cairo-Dock
|
||||
- Xmonad
|
||||
- Awesome
|
||||
- OpenBox
|
||||
- Pantheon
|
||||
|
||||
最重要的是，‘**Unity-Greeter-Badges**’已经被Ubuntu 15.04收录进去。这就意味着Torrance的包将可以直接安装，不需要PPA，也不需要下载。没有像Unity Greeter一样成为核心包的一部分，它可以以更高效和更及时的方式更新新的图标。
|
||||
|
||||
如果你真运行着Ubuntu 15.04，在不久的将来，你就可以从软件中心获取并安装该包了。
|
||||
|
||||
不想等到15.04？Torrance已经为Ubuntu 14.04和Ubuntu 14.10用户做了个.deb安装器。
|
||||
|
||||
- [下载用于Ubuntu 14.04的unity-greeter-badges][2]
|
||||
- [下载用于Ubuntu 14.10的unity-greeter-badges][3]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2015/01/unity-greeter-badges-brings-missing-session-icons-ubuntu-login-screen
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Joey-Elijah Sneddon][a]
|
||||
译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://plus.google.com/117485690627814051450/?rel=author
|
||||
[1]:https://launchpad.net/~profzoom
|
||||
[2]:https://launchpad.net/~profzoom/+archive/ubuntu/misc/+files/unity-greeter-badges_0.1-0ubuntu1%7E201412111501%7Eubuntu14.04.1_all.deb
|
||||
[3]:https://launchpad.net/~profzoom/+archive/ubuntu/misc/+files/unity-greeter-badges_0.1-0ubuntu1%7E201412111501%7Eubuntu14.10.1_all.deb
|
||||
@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
|
||||
Linux Email应用 Geary 更新了 — 如何在Ubuntu上安装
|
||||
Linux Email应用 Geary 更新了
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
**Geary，Linux上流行的桌面email客户端，更新到版本0.10了 — 并且有了很多新的功能。**
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
elementary OS上运行的旧版本的Geary
|
||||
|
||||
Geary 0.10有一些可惜的用户界面改进以及额外的UI选项，包括：
|
||||
*elementary OS上运行的旧版本的Geary*
|
||||
|
||||
- 新增: 可以对归档，删除以及移动做'Undo'操作
|
||||
Geary 0.10有一些不错的用户界面改进以及额外的UI功能，包括：
|
||||
|
||||
- 新增: 可以撤销归档、删除以及移动等操作
|
||||
- 新增: 在2列或者2列布局之间切换
|
||||
- 新的 “split header bar” — 改进邮件列表，发件人布局
|
||||
- 新的快捷键 — 使用j/k切换到上/下一封邮件
|
||||
|
||||
根据Yorba介绍，这次更新还提出了一个 **全新的全文检索算法** ，用来改进Geary的搜索体验。
|
||||
根据Yorba介绍，这次更新还引入了一个**全新的全文检索算法** ，用来改进Geary的搜索体验。
|
||||
|
||||
这个更新应该能平息一下对应用搜索能力的抱怨，那些经常觉得Geary返回的搜索结果仅仅是包装软件自身"看起来和查询语句毫不相关"的观点。
|
||||
这个更新应该能平息一下对该应用的搜索能力的抱怨：Geary返回的搜索结果就如同软件自己所宣称的“看起来和查询语句毫不相关”。
|
||||
|
||||
> ‘Yorba 建议所有这个软件客户端的用户升级到这个版本’
|
||||
|
||||
@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ Yorba的最新版本可以从GNOME的Git账户下载可编译的源代码。但
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu用户想知道如何在 **14.04,14.10** 以及 **15.04**(那些更新爱好者) 上安装Geary 0.10。
|
||||
|
||||
官方的Youba PPA包括了 **Geary最新版本** 以及Shotwell(照片管理器)和[California][2](日历应用)。请注意添加这个PPA会使你电脑上任何已经安装的这些应用更新到最近的版本。
|
||||
官方的Youba PPA包括了 **Geary 最新版本** 以及Shotwell(照片管理器)和[California][2](日历应用)。请注意添加这个PPA会使你电脑上任何已经安装的这些应用更新到最近的版本。
|
||||
|
||||
Capiche? Coolio.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ Capiche? Coolio.
|
||||
|
||||
完成后，打开你的桌面环境应用启动面板并查找‘Geary’图标。点击它，添加你的账户并查看[通过信息高速公路下载了什么][3]，开始使用简单的图形界面吧。
|
||||
|
||||
**别忘记：你可以通过电子邮件告诉我们你想看的新闻，应用建议，以及任何你想我们包括的东西，直接点击joey@oho.io**
|
||||
**别忘记：你可以通过电子邮件告诉我们你想看的新闻，应用建议，以及任何你想我们包括的东西。**
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2015/03/install-geary-ubuntu-linux-email-update
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Joey-Elijah Sneddon][a]
|
||||
译者：[ictlyh](https://github.com/ictlyh)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,62 +1,61 @@
|
||||
如何在CentOS上面安装CentOS网页面板
|
||||
如何在CentOS上面安装“CentOS网页面板”
|
||||
===========================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 关于CentOS网页面板 ###
|
||||
|
||||
目前有很多免费的或者付费的控制面板。今天，我们来讨论[CentOS网页面板（CWP）][1]，这是特别为基于如CentOS，RHEL，科研用Linux系统等发行版的RPM设计的。**CWP** 是免费且开源的控制面板，可以被广泛用于简单地配置一个网页集群环境。不同于其他的控制面板，CWP是自动用高速缓存来配置LAMP的栈区。
|
||||
目前有很多免费的或者付费的控制面板。今天，我们来讨论[CentOS网页面板（CWP）][1]，这是特别为基于RPM 的发行版，如CentOS，RHEL，Scientific Linux等设计的。**CWP** 是免费且开源的控制面板，可以被广泛用于简单地配置一个网页托管环境。不同于其他的控制面板，CWP能自动部署LAMP的软件栈及Varnish 缓存服务器。
|
||||
|
||||
### 特性 ###
|
||||
|
||||
CWP有很多的特性和免费的服务。如我前面提到的一样，CWP自动在你的服务器上安装全套LAMP服务（apache，php，phpmyadmin，webmail，mailserver等等）。
|
||||
CWP有很多的特性和免费的服务。如我前面提到的一样，CWP会在你的服务器上自动安装全套的LAMP服务（apache，php，phpmyadmin，webmail，mailserver等等）。
|
||||
|
||||
### CWP安装过程中会安装和配置的软件列表 ###
|
||||
|
||||
- Apache Web Server
|
||||
- Apache 网页服务器
|
||||
- PHP 5.4
|
||||
- MySQL + phpMyAdmin
|
||||
- Postfix + Dovecot + roundcube webmail
|
||||
- CSF Firewall
|
||||
- File System Lock (no more website hacking, all your files are locked from changes)
|
||||
- Backups; AutoFixer for server configuration
|
||||
- CSF 防火墙
|
||||
- File System Lock (不需要修改网站，你的所有文件都会被锁定修改)
|
||||
- Backups; AutoFixer ，用于服务器配置
|
||||
|
||||
### 第三方应用： ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
- CloudLinux + CageFS + PHP Selector
|
||||
- Softaculous – Script Installer (Free and Premium)
|
||||
- Softaculous – 脚本安装器 (免费版和白金版)
|
||||
|
||||
#### 网页服务器: ####
|
||||
|
||||
- Varnish Cache server
|
||||
- Compiles Apache from source
|
||||
- Apache reCompiler + Additional modules
|
||||
- Apache server status, configuration
|
||||
- Edit apache vhosts, vhosts templates, include configuration
|
||||
- Rebuild all apache Virtual hosts
|
||||
- Varnish 缓存服务器
|
||||
- 从代码编译 Apache
|
||||
- Apache 重新编译+附加模块
|
||||
- Apache 服务器状态，配置
|
||||
- 编辑 Apache 虚拟主机、虚拟主机模版，包括配置
|
||||
- 重建所有 Apache 虚拟主机
|
||||
- suPHP & suExec
|
||||
- Mod Security + OWASP rules
|
||||
- Tomcat 8 server management
|
||||
- DoS protection
|
||||
- Perl cgi script support
|
||||
- Mod Security + OWASP 规则
|
||||
- Tomcat 8 服务器管理
|
||||
- DoS 防护
|
||||
- Perl cgi 脚本支持
|
||||
|
||||
#### PHP: ####
|
||||
|
||||
- PHP 切换器 (在PHP版本如: 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5之间切换)
|
||||
- PHP选择器选择每个用户或者每个文件的PHP版本（PHP 4.4, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6)
|
||||
- 简单的php编辑软件
|
||||
- PHP 切换器 (在PHP版本如: 5.2、 5.3、 5.4、 5.5之间切换)
|
||||
- PHP选择器，选择每个用户或者每个文件的PHP版本（PHP 4.4、 5.2、 5.3、 5.4、5.5、 5.6)
|
||||
- 简单的php编辑器
|
||||
- 在用户面板下简单的php.ini生成器
|
||||
- PHP 插件
|
||||
- PHP.ini editor & PHP info & List modules
|
||||
- PHP.ini 编辑器 & PHP 信息 和列出模块
|
||||
- 每个帐号一个php.ini
|
||||
- FFMPEG,用于视频流网站
|
||||
- FFMPEG，用于视频流网站
|
||||
- CloudLinux + PHP 选择器
|
||||
|
||||
#### 用户管理 ####
|
||||
|
||||
- 添加,列举,编辑和移除用户
|
||||
- 添加、列出、编辑和移除用户
|
||||
- 用户监管
|
||||
- Shell接入管理
|
||||
- Shell访问管理
|
||||
- 用户限制管理
|
||||
- 限制进程
|
||||
- 限制访问文件
|
||||
@ -67,85 +66,85 @@ CWP有很多的特性和免费的服务。如我前面提到的一样，CWP自
|
||||
#### DNS: ####
|
||||
|
||||
- FreeDNS
|
||||
- 添加，编辑，列举和移除DNS区块
|
||||
- 添加、编辑、列出和移除DNS区块
|
||||
- 编辑域名服务的IP
|
||||
- DNS区块模板编辑器
|
||||
- 新的易用DNS区块管理器 (用ajax)
|
||||
- 新的DNS区块列表，带有额外的修复信息 (同时检测 rDNS, 域名服务….)
|
||||
- 新的DNS区块列表，带有额外的google解析信息 (同时检测 rDNS， 域名服务…)
|
||||
|
||||
#### Email: ####
|
||||
|
||||
- Postfix & dovecot
|
||||
- MailBoxes, Alias
|
||||
- 邮箱、别名
|
||||
- Roundcube webmail
|
||||
- Postfix Mail queue
|
||||
- rDNS Checker Module
|
||||
- Postfix 邮件队列
|
||||
- rDNS 检查器模块
|
||||
- 垃圾邮件拦截
|
||||
- SPF & DKIM集成
|
||||
- Re-Build Postfix/Dovecot Mail server with AntiVirus, AntiSpam Protection
|
||||
- Email Auto Responder
|
||||
- 重构带有反病毒、反垃圾邮件防护的 Postfix/Dovecot 的邮件服务器
|
||||
- Email 自动应答器
|
||||
|
||||
#### 系统: ####
|
||||
|
||||
- CPU核心和时钟信息
|
||||
- 内存使用信息
|
||||
- 详细的磁盘状态
|
||||
- 软件信息如内核版本,正常运行时间等等.
|
||||
- 软件信息如内核版本、正常运行时间等等.
|
||||
- 服务器状态
|
||||
- 检查配置管理
|
||||
- ChkConfig管理
|
||||
- 网络端口使用
|
||||
- 网络配置
|
||||
- SSHD配置
|
||||
- sshd 配置
|
||||
- 自动修复(检查重要的配置并尝试自动修复问题)
|
||||
|
||||
#### 监控: ####
|
||||
|
||||
- 监控服务 eg. top, apache stats, mysql etc.
|
||||
- 在面板内使用Java SSH Terminal/Console
|
||||
- 服务器配置 (eg. Apache, PHP, MySQL etc)
|
||||
- 监控服务，例如 top、 apache 状态、 mysql 等
|
||||
- 在面板内使用Java SSH 终端/控制台
|
||||
- 服务器配置 (例如 Apache、 PHP、 MySQL 等)
|
||||
- 在屏幕/后台运行命令行
|
||||
|
||||
#### 安全: ####
|
||||
|
||||
- CSF防火墙
|
||||
- SSL产生器
|
||||
- SSL生成器
|
||||
- SSL证书管理
|
||||
- CloudLinux + CageFS
|
||||
|
||||
#### SQL: ####
|
||||
|
||||
- MySQL 数据库管理
|
||||
- 添加本地或者远程接入用户
|
||||
- 添加本地或者远程访问的用户
|
||||
- 实时监控MySQL进程列表
|
||||
- 创建，移除数据库
|
||||
- 为每个数据库添加额外的用户
|
||||
- MySQL服务器配置
|
||||
- PhpMyAdmin（这个不知道要不要译过来）
|
||||
- PhpMyAdmin
|
||||
- PostgreSQL, phpPgAdmin支持
|
||||
|
||||
#### 额外功能: ####
|
||||
|
||||
- 语言通话3 管理
|
||||
- 网络电台管理
|
||||
- TeamSpeak 3 管理器
|
||||
- Shoutcast 管理器
|
||||
- 自动更新
|
||||
- 备份管理
|
||||
- 文件管理
|
||||
- 备份管理器
|
||||
- 文件管理器
|
||||
- 每个域名的虚拟FTP用户
|
||||
- 控制面板帐号移植 (恢复文件，数据库和数据库用户)
|
||||
- 还有更多.
|
||||
- cPanel帐号迁移 (恢复文件，数据库和数据库用户)
|
||||
- 还有更多
|
||||
|
||||
### 在CentOS 6上安装CentOS网页面板 ###
|
||||
|
||||
写这篇教程的时候，CWP仅仅支持最高CentOS 6.x版本。在CentOS 7和更高的版本中是行不通的。
|
||||
写这篇教程的时候，CWP仅仅支持最高CentOS 6.x版本。在CentOS 7和更高的版本中是不支持的。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 前期准备： ####
|
||||
|
||||
**安装CWP之前，里必须知道以下的信息：**
|
||||
**安装CWP之前，你必须知道以下的信息：**
|
||||
|
||||
- CWP 仅支持静态IP地址。它并不支持动态的，固定的，或者内部的IP地址。
|
||||
- CWP 并没有卸载程序。当你安装CWP后，里必须重新安装服务器来移除它。
|
||||
- 之安装CWP在一个新装的还没做任何配置改变的操作系统上。
|
||||
- 对与32位操作系统至少需要512MB RAM。
|
||||
- CWP 仅支持静态IP地址。它并不支持动态的，或者内部的IP地址。
|
||||
- CWP 并没有卸载程序。当你安装CWP后，你必须重新安装服务器来移除它。
|
||||
- 只能在一个新装的还没做任何配置改变的操作系统上安装CWP。
|
||||
- 对于32位操作系统至少需要512MB RAM。
|
||||
- 64位系统需要1024MB RAM。
|
||||
- 要求至少20GB的硬盘空间。
|
||||
|
||||
@ -175,7 +174,7 @@ CWP有很多的特性和免费的服务。如我前面提到的一样，CWP自
|
||||
|
||||
如果上面的URL出现错误，用下面的链接代替。
|
||||
|
||||
wget http://dll.centos-webpanle.com/files/cwp-latest
|
||||
wget http://dl1.centos-webpanle.com/files/cwp-latest
|
||||
|
||||
然后，用命令开始安装CWP：
|
||||
|
||||
@ -189,8 +188,7 @@ CWP有很多的特性和免费的服务。如我前面提到的一样，CWP自
|
||||
|
||||
安装过程会持续到30分钟或者更多，取决于你的网速。
|
||||
|
||||
最后，你会看到如下安装完成的信息。
|
||||
记下一些详细信息，如mysql超级用户密码和CWP的登录URLs。你随后会需要。然后，按下回车Enter重启系统。
|
||||
最后，你会看到如下安装完成的信息。记下一些详细信息，如mysql超级用户密码和CWP的登录URL，你随后会需要它们。然后，按下回车Enter重启系统。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -200,7 +198,7 @@ CWP有很多的特性和免费的服务。如我前面提到的一样，CWP自
|
||||
|
||||
#### 调整防火墙/路由： ####
|
||||
|
||||
CWP的默认网络控制接口是**2030（http）**和**2031（https）**。你应该通过防火墙/路由允许使用这两个端口，以便远程接入CWP网络控制台。
|
||||
CWP的默认网页控制界面的端口是**2030（http）**和**2031（https）**。你应该通过防火墙/路由允许使用这两个端口，以便远程接入CWP网络控制台。
|
||||
|
||||
编辑iptables文件：
|
||||
|
||||
@ -242,43 +240,42 @@ CWP的默认网络控制接口是**2030（http）**和**2031（https）**。你
|
||||
|
||||
接下来，我们得做一些事，比如：
|
||||
|
||||
1.建立域名服务
|
||||
1.建立ip共享（必须是你的公共IP地址）
|
||||
1.建立至少一个集合包（或者编辑默认的包）
|
||||
1.建立root电子邮件，等等。
|
||||
1. 设置域名服务器
|
||||
1. 设置 ip 共享（必须是你的公共IP地址）
|
||||
1. 设置至少一个托管包（或者编辑默认的包）
|
||||
1. 设置 root 电子邮件，等等。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 建立域名服务： ####
|
||||
#### 设置域名服务器： ####
|
||||
|
||||
为建立域名服务，找到**DNS Functions -> Edit nameservers IPs**。
|
||||
为建立域名服务器，找到**DNS Functions -> Edit nameservers IPs**。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
设置你的域名服务器，点击保存按钮。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 建立共享IP和Root邮箱ID： ####
|
||||
#### 建立共享IP和Root邮件地址： ####
|
||||
|
||||
在你的主机上管理网站，这是非常重要的一步。为了建立共享IP，进入**CWP Setting -> Edit settings**。
|
||||
在你的主机上托管网站，这是非常重要的一步。为了建立共享IP，进入**CWP Setting -> Edit settings**。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
输入你的静态IP和邮箱ID，然后点击保存设置按钮。
|
||||
输入你的静态IP和邮件地址，然后点击保存设置按钮。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
现在，CWP可以进行网站维护了。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 建立主机包 ####
|
||||
#### 建立托管包 ####
|
||||
|
||||
一个主机包什么都没有，除了一个网站托管计划，包括允许访问的磁盘空间，带宽，但没有FTP帐号，邮箱IDs和数据库等等。你可以建立任意数量的网站托管计划，只要你喜欢。
|
||||
一个托管包就是一个网站托管计划，包括允许访问的磁盘空间，带宽，但没有FTP帐号，邮箱地址和数据库等等。你可以建立任意数量的网站托管计划，只要你喜欢。
|
||||
|
||||
添加一个包，从CWP的控制台进入**Packages — Add a Package**
|
||||
要添加一个包，从CWP的控制台进入**Packages — Add a Package**
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
输入包的名字，允许访问的磁盘配额/RAM数量，FTP/Email帐号，数据库和子域名等等。点击保持设置按钮，建立一个网站托管计划。
|
||||
输入包的名字，允许访问的磁盘配额/RAM数量，FTP/Email帐号，数据库和子域名等等。点击保存设置按钮，建立一个网站托管计划。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -290,7 +287,7 @@ CWP的默认网络控制接口是**2030（http）**和**2031（https）**。你
|
||||
|
||||
而添加一个用户，请进入**User Account -> New Account**。
|
||||
|
||||
输入域名(ex.unixmen.com)，用户名，密码和邮箱id等等。最后，点击**Create**。
|
||||
输入域名(ex.unixmen.com)，用户名，密码和邮箱地址等等。最后，点击**Create**。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -312,12 +309,11 @@ CWP的默认网络控制接口是**2030（http）**和**2031（https）**。你
|
||||
|
||||
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.unixmen.com/how-to-install-centos-web-panel-in-centos/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[SK][a]
|
||||
译者：[wi-cuckoo](https://github.com/wi-cuckoo)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,25 +1,26 @@
|
||||
Bodhi Linux引入Moksha桌面
|
||||
Bodhi Linux 将引入 Moksha 桌面
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
基于Ubuntu的轻量级Linux发行版[Bodhi Linux][1]致力于构建其自家的桌面环境，这个全新桌面环境被称之为Moksha（梵文意为‘完全自由’）。Moksha将替换常用的[Enlightenment桌面环境][2]。
|
||||
基于Ubuntu的轻量级Linux发行版[Bodhi Linux][1]致力于构建其自家的桌面环境，这个全新桌面环境被称之为Moksha（梵文意为‘完全自由’）。Moksha将替换其原来的[Enlightenment桌面环境][2]。
|
||||
|
||||
### 为何用Moksha替换Englightenment？ ###
|
||||
|
||||
Bodhi Linux的Jeff Hoogland最近[表示][3]了他对新版Enlightenment的不满。直到E17,Enlightenment都十分稳定，并且能满足轻量级Linux的部署需求。而E18则到处都充满了问题，Bodhi Linux只好弃之不用了。
|
||||
Bodhi Linux的Jeff Hoogland最近[表示][3]了他对新版Enlightenment的不满。直到E17，Enlightenment都十分稳定，并且能满足轻量级Linux的部署需求。而E18则到处都充满了问题，Bodhi Linux只好弃之不用了。
|
||||
|
||||
虽然最新的[Bodhi Linux 3.0发行版][4]仍然使用了E19作为其桌面（除传统模式外，这意味着，对于旧的硬件，仍然会使用E17），Jeff对E19也十分不满。他说道：
|
||||
|
||||
>除了性能问题外，对于我个人而言，E19并没有给我带来与E17下相同的工作流程，因为它移除了很多E17的特性。鉴于此，我不得不将我所有的3台Bodhi计算机桌面改成E17——这3台机器都是我高端的了。这不由得让我想到，我们还有多少现存的Bodhi用户也怀着和我同样的感受，所以，我[在我们的用户论坛上开启一个与此相关的讨论][5]。
|
||||
> 除了性能问题外，对于我个人而言，E19并没有给我带来与E17下相同的工作流程，因为它移除了很多E17的特性。鉴于此，我不得不将我所有的3台Bodhi计算机桌面改成E17——这3台机器都是我高端的了。这不由得让我想到，我们还有多少现存的Bodhi用户也怀着和我同样的感受，所以，我[在我们的用户论坛上开启一个与此相关的讨论][5]。
|
||||
|
||||
### Moksha是E17桌面的延续 ###
|
||||
|
||||
Moksha将会是Bodhi所热衷的E17桌面的延续。Jeff进一步提到：
|
||||
>我们将从整合所有Bodhi修改开始。多年来我们一直都只是给源代码打补丁，并修复桌面所具有的问题。如果该工作完成，我们将开始移植一些E18和E19引入的更为有用的特性，最后，我们将引入一些我们认为会改善最终用户体验的东西。
|
||||
|
||||
> 我们将从整合所有Bodhi修改开始。多年来我们一直都只是给源代码打补丁，并修复桌面所带有的问题。如果该工作完成，我们将开始移植一些E18和E19引入的更为有用的特性，最后，我们将引入一些我们认为会改善最终用户体验的东西。
|
||||
|
||||
### Moksha何时发布？ ###
|
||||
|
||||
下一个Bodhi更新将会是Bodhi 3.1.0，就在今年八月。这个新版本将为所有其缺省ISO带来Moksha。让我们拭目以待，看看Moksha是否是一个好的决定。
|
||||
下一个Bodhi更新将会是Bodhi 3.1.0，就在今年八月。这个新版本将为所有其默认安装镜像带来Moksha。让我们拭目以待，看看Moksha是否是一个好的决定。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ via: http://itsfoss.com/bodhi-linux-introduces-moksha-desktop/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek][a]
|
||||
译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
|
||||
‘Unity Greeter Badges’ Brings Missing Session Icons to Ubuntu Login Screen
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**A new package available in Ubuntu 15.04 solves a petty gripe I have with the Unity Greeter: the lack of branded icons for alternative desktop sessions like Cinnamon.**
|
||||
|
||||
I know it’s a minor quibble; it’s a visual paper cut with minimal impact for most. But the inconsistency niggles me because Ubuntu ships with icons for a number of sessions, including Unity, GNOME and KDE. Other DEs, including some of its own flavors like Xubuntu, default to showing a plain white dot in the session switcher list and the main user pod.
|
||||
|
||||
The inconsistency these dots create jars, even if it is only for a fleeting moment, not just in design. It’s in usability too. Branded glyphs are helpful in letting us know what session we’re about to log in to.
|
||||
|
||||
For instance, can you tell what session this is?
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Budgie? Maybe MATE? Could be Cinnamon…I’d have to click on it and check first.
|
||||
|
||||
It doesn’t have to be this way. The Unity Greeter is built such that the developers of desktop environments can ship badges that appear in the Greeter (and some do). But in many cases, like MATE whose packages are imported from upstream Debian, the inclination to carry an “Ubuntu-specific patch” is either not desirable or not possible.
|
||||
|
||||
### A Solution Is Badged ###
|
||||
|
||||
Experienced Debian maintainer [Doug Torrance][1] has a solution to fix this usability paper cut. Rather than rely on desktop makers themselves to add branded badges to their packages, and rather than burden Ubuntu with the responsibility of maintaining it, Torrance has created a separate ‘unity-greeter-badges’ package to house them.
|
||||
|
||||
In assuming responsibility for providing the session glyphs directly, this package ensure that new and old window managers, session and desktops alike are catered for.
|
||||
|
||||
Among the 30 or so desktop environments it bundles new session badges for are:
|
||||
|
||||
- Xubuntu
|
||||
- Cinnamon
|
||||
- MATE
|
||||
- Cairo-Dock
|
||||
- Xmonad
|
||||
- Awesome
|
||||
- OpenBox
|
||||
- Pantheon
|
||||
|
||||
The best part is that ‘**Unity-Greeter-Badges**’ has been accepted into Ubuntu 15.04. That means Torrance’s package will be available to install directly, no PPAs or downloads needed. In not being part of a core package like the Unity Greeter it can be updated with newer icons in a more efficient and timely manner.
|
||||
|
||||
If you’re running Ubuntu 15.04 you will find the package available to install from the Software Center in the coming days.
|
||||
|
||||
Don’t want to wait until 15.04? Torrance has made .deb installers for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and Ubuntu 14.10 users.
|
||||
|
||||
- [Download unity-greeter-badges for Ubuntu 14.04][2]
|
||||
- [Download unity-greeter-badges for Ubuntu 14.10][3]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2015/01/unity-greeter-badges-brings-missing-session-icons-ubuntu-login-screen
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Joey-Elijah Sneddon][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://plus.google.com/117485690627814051450/?rel=author
|
||||
[1]:https://launchpad.net/~profzoom
|
||||
[2]:https://launchpad.net/~profzoom/+archive/ubuntu/misc/+files/unity-greeter-badges_0.1-0ubuntu1%7E201412111501%7Eubuntu14.04.1_all.deb
|
||||
[3]:https://launchpad.net/~profzoom/+archive/ubuntu/misc/+files/unity-greeter-badges_0.1-0ubuntu1%7E201412111501%7Eubuntu14.10.1_all.deb
|
||||
@ -1,163 +0,0 @@
|
||||
7 Quirky ‘ls’ Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
We have covered most of the things on ‘ls‘ command in last two articles of our Interview series. This article is the last part of the ‘ls command‘ series. If you have not gone through last two articles of this series you may visit the links below.
|
||||
|
||||
注：以下三篇都做过源文，看看翻译了没有，如果发布了可适当改链接地址
|
||||
- [15 Basic ‘ls’ Command Examples in Linux][]
|
||||
- [15 Interview Questions on Linux “ls” Command – Part 1][]
|
||||
- [10 Useful ‘ls’ Command Interview Questions – Part 2][]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
7 Quirky ls Command Tricks
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. List the contents of a directory with time using various time styles. ###
|
||||
|
||||
To list the contents of a directory with times using style, we need to choose any of the below two methods.
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l –time-style=[STYLE] (Method A)
|
||||
|
||||
**Note** – The above switch (`--time` style must be run with switch `-l`, else it won’t serve the purpose).
|
||||
|
||||
# ls –full-time (Method B)
|
||||
|
||||
Replace `[STYLE]` with any of the below option.
|
||||
|
||||
full-iso
|
||||
long-iso
|
||||
iso
|
||||
locale
|
||||
+%H:%M:%S:%D
|
||||
|
||||
**Note** – In the above line H(Hour), M(Minute), S(Second), D(Date) can be used in any order.
|
||||
|
||||
Moreover you just choose those relevant and not all options. E.g., `ls -l --time-style=+%H` will show only hour.
|
||||
|
||||
`ls -l --time-style=+%H:%M:%D` will show Hour, Minute and date.
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l --time-style=full-iso
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ls Command Full Time Style
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l --time-style=long-iso
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Long Time Style Listing
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l --time-style=iso
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Time Style Listing
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l --time-style=locale
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Locale Time Style Listing
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l --time-style=+%H:%M:%S:%D
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Date and Time Style Listing
|
||||
|
||||
# ls --full-time
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Full Style Time Listing
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Output the contents of a directory in various formats such as separated by commas, horizontal, long, vertical, across, etc. ###
|
||||
|
||||
Contents of directory can be listed using ls command in various format as suggested below.
|
||||
|
||||
- across
|
||||
- comma
|
||||
- horizontal
|
||||
- long
|
||||
- single-column
|
||||
- verbose
|
||||
- vertical
|
||||
|
||||
# ls –-format=across
|
||||
# ls --format=comma
|
||||
# ls --format=horizontal
|
||||
# ls --format=long
|
||||
# ls --format=single-column
|
||||
# ls --format=verbose
|
||||
# ls --format=vertical
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Listing Formats of ls Command
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Use ls command to append indicators like (/=@|) in output to the contents of the directory. ###
|
||||
|
||||
The option `-p` with ‘ls‘ command will server the purpose. It will append one of the above indicator, based upon the type of file.
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -p
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Append Indicators to Content
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Sort the contents of directory on the basis of extension, size, time and version. ###
|
||||
|
||||
We can use options like `--extension` to sort the output by extension, size by extension `--size`, time by using extension `-t` and version using extension `-v`.
|
||||
|
||||
Also we can use option `--none` which will output in general way without any sorting in actual.
|
||||
|
||||
# ls --sort=extension
|
||||
# ls --sort=size
|
||||
# ls --sort=time
|
||||
# ls --sort=version
|
||||
# ls --sort=none
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Sort Listing of Content by Options
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. Print numeric UID and GID for every contents of a directory using ls command. ###
|
||||
|
||||
The above scenario can be achieved using flag -n (Numeric-uid-gid) along with ls command.
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -n
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Print Listing of Content by UID and GID
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. Print the contents of a directory on standard output in more columns than specified by default. ###
|
||||
|
||||
Well ls command output the contents of a directory according to the size of the screen automatically.
|
||||
|
||||
We can however manually assign the value of screen width and control number of columns appearing. It can be done using switch ‘`--width`‘.
|
||||
|
||||
# ls --width 80
|
||||
# ls --width 100
|
||||
# ls --width 150
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
List Content Based on Window Sizes
|
||||
|
||||
**Note**: You can experiment what value you should pass with width flag.
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. Include manual tab size at the contents of directory listed by ls command instead of default 8. ###
|
||||
|
||||
# ls --tabsize=[value]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
List Content by Table Size
|
||||
|
||||
**Note**: Specify the `[Value]=` Numeric value.
|
||||
|
||||
That’s all for now. Stay tuned to Tecmint till we come up with next article. Do not forget to provide us with your valuable feedback in the comments below. Like and share us and help us get spread.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/linux-ls-command-tricks/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Avishek Kumar][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/15-basic-ls-command-examples-in-linux/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/ls-command-interview-questions/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/ls-interview-questions/
|
||||
@ -1,299 +0,0 @@
|
||||
Translating by ZTinoZ
|
||||
15 Things to Do After Installing Ubuntu 15.04 Desktop
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
This tutorial is intended for beginners and covers some basic steps on what to do after you have installed Ubuntu 15.04 “Vivid Vervet” Desktop version on your computer in order to customize the system and install basic programs for daily usage.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
15 Things to Do After Installing Ubuntu 15.04
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Enable Ubuntu Extra Repositories and Update the System ###
|
||||
|
||||
The first thing you should take care of after a fresh installation of Ubuntu is to enable Ubuntu Extra Repositories provided by official Canonical Partners and keep an up-to-date system with the last security patches and software updates.
|
||||
|
||||
In order to accomplish this step, open from the left Launcher System Settings -> Software and Updates utility and check all Ubuntu Software and Other Software (Canonical Partners) repositories. After you finish hit the Close button and wait for the utility to Reload the cache sources tree.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Software Updates
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Other Software (Canonical Partners)
|
||||
|
||||
For a fast and smooth update process, open a Terminal and issue the following command in order to update the system using the new software repositories:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get update
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu Upgrade
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Install Additional Drivers ###
|
||||
|
||||
In order for the system to scan and install additional hardware proprietary drivers, open Software and Updates utility from System Settings, go to Additional Drivers tab and wait for the utility to scan for drivers.
|
||||
|
||||
If some drivers matching your hardware are found, check the drivers you want to install and hit the Apply Changes button to install it. In case the proprietary drivers are not working as expected, uninstall them using the Revert button or check Do not use the device and Apply Changes.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Drivers
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Install Synaptic and Gdebi Package Tools ###
|
||||
|
||||
Besides Ubuntu Software Center, Synaptic is a Graphical utility for apt command line through which you can manage repositories or install, remove, search, upgrade and configure software packages. Similar way, Gdebi has the same functionality for local .deb packages. To install this two package managers on your system issue the following command on Terminal:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install synaptic gdebi
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Synaptic and Gdebi
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Synaptic Package Manager
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Change System Appearance and Behavior ###
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to change Desktop Background or Launcher Icon Size, open System Settings –> Appearance –> Look and personalize the desktop. To move the menu to window title bar, enable workspaces and desktop icons or auto-hide the Launcher visit Behavior tab.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
System Appearances
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. Improve System Security and Privacy ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
System Security Enhancement
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
System Security Options
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. Disable Unneeded Startup Applications ###
|
||||
|
||||
To improve system login speed, reveal hidden Startup Applications by issuing the below command on Terminal, open Startup Applications utility by searching it in Dash and uncheck the unneeded applications during login process.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo sed -i ‘s/NoDisplay=true/NoDisplay=false/g’ /etc/xdg/autostart/*.desktop
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Disable Unwanted Applications
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. Add Extended Multimedia Support ###
|
||||
|
||||
By default, Ubuntu comes with a minimal support for media files. In order to play various media formats or manipulate video files, install the following multimedia applications:
|
||||
|
||||
- VLC
|
||||
- Smplayer
|
||||
- Audacious
|
||||
- QMMP
|
||||
- Mixxx
|
||||
- XBMC
|
||||
- Handbrake
|
||||
- Openshot
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following command line to install all with one shot:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install vlc smplayer audacious qmmp mixxx xbmc handbrake openshot
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Media Players
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Media Player Playlist
|
||||
|
||||
Besides this multimedia players also install ubuntu-restricted-extras and Java support packages in order to decode and support other restricted media formats.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras openjdk-8-jdk
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Ubuntu Extras
|
||||
|
||||
To enable DVD Playback and other multimedia codecs issue the following command on Terminal:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad lame libavcodec-extra
|
||||
$ sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Enable Video Codes
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. Install Image Applications ###
|
||||
|
||||
If you are a photography enthusiast and you want to handle and manipulate images on Ubuntu, probably you want to install the following imaging programs:
|
||||
|
||||
- GIMP (alternative for Adobe Photoshop)
|
||||
- Darktable
|
||||
- Rawtherapee
|
||||
- Pinta
|
||||
- Shotwell
|
||||
- Inkscape (alternative for Adobe Illustrator)
|
||||
- Digikam
|
||||
- Cheese
|
||||
|
||||
This applications can be installed from Ubuntu Software Center or all at once by using the following command line on Terminal:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install gimp gimp-plugin-registry gimp-data-extras darktable rawtherapee pinta shotwell inkscape
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Image Applications
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Rawtherapee Tool
|
||||
|
||||
### 8. Install Media Burners ###
|
||||
|
||||
To mount ISO images or burn a CDs or a DVD, you can choose and install from the following software:
|
||||
|
||||
- Brasero Disk Burner
|
||||
- K3b
|
||||
- Xfburn
|
||||
- Furius ISO Mount
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install brasero
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install k3b
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install xfburn
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install furiusisomount
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Media Burners
|
||||
|
||||
### 9. Install Archive Applications ###
|
||||
|
||||
To handle most of archive formatted files (zip, tar.gz, zip, 7zip rar etc) install the following packages by issuing the below command:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install unace unrar zip unzip p7zip-full p7zip-rar sharutils rar uudeview mpack arj cabextract file-roller
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Archive Applications
|
||||
|
||||
### 10. Install Chat Application ###
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to talk to people all over the world, here is a list of the most popular chat applications for Linux:
|
||||
|
||||
- Pidgin
|
||||
- Skype
|
||||
- Xchat
|
||||
- Telegram
|
||||
- aMSN
|
||||
- Viber
|
||||
|
||||
You can install most of them from Ubuntu Software Center or by using the command line:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install pidgin
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install skype
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install xchat
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install amsn
|
||||
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/telegram -y
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get update
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install telegram
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Chat Applications
|
||||
|
||||
To install Viber application on Ubuntu visit [Viber official webpage][1], download the Debian package locally and install the viber.deb application using Gdebi package manager (left click – > Open with -> GDebi Package Installer).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Viber
|
||||
|
||||
### 11. Install Torrent Software ###
|
||||
|
||||
The most popular torrent applications and peer-to-peer file sharing programs for Ubuntu are:
|
||||
|
||||
- Deluge
|
||||
- Transmission
|
||||
- Qbittorrent
|
||||
- LinuxDC++
|
||||
|
||||
To install your favorite peer-to-peer file sharing application on Ubuntu issue the following command on Terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install deluge
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install transmission
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install qbittorrent
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install linuxdcpp
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Torrent
|
||||
|
||||
### 12. Install Windows Emulator -Wine and Gaming Support – Steam ###
|
||||
|
||||
Wine emulator allows you to install and run Windows applications on Linux. On the other hand, Steam is a popular gaming platform for Linux based systems developed by Valve. To install both of them on your machine issue the following command on Terminal or use Ubuntu Software Center.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install steam wine winetricks
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Wine
|
||||
|
||||
### 13. Install Cairo-Dock and Enable Desktop Visual Effects ###
|
||||
|
||||
Cairo-Dock is a beautiful and flexible launcher bar for Linux desktops similar to the Mac OS X dock. To install it on Ubuntu, run the following command on Terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install cairo-dock cairo-dock-plug-ins
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Cairo Dock
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Add Cairo Dock at Startup
|
||||
|
||||
To enable a set of Desktop Effects, such as Cube effect, install Compiz package with the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install compiz compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-plugins-extra
|
||||
|
||||
To activate the Desktop Cube effect, search for ccsm on Dash, open CompizConfig Settings Manager, go to General Options – > Desktop Size and set Horizontal Virtual Size value to 4 and Vertical Virtual Size to 1. Then go back and check Desktop Cube (Disable Desktop Wall) and Rotate Cube boxes (Resolve Conflicts ->Disable Switch to Viewport 1) and press Ctrl+Alt+Left Mouse Click to view the cube effect.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Enable Compiz
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Compiz Settings
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Compiz Settings Addons
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Desktop Window Rotating
|
||||
|
||||
### 14. Add Extra Browser Support ###
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 15.04 comes by default with Mozilla Firefox Web Browser. To install other browsers such as Google Chrome or Opera, visit their official web pages, download the provided .deb packages and install them on your system using the Gdebi Package Installer.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Enable Browser Support
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Opera Browser Support
|
||||
|
||||
To install Chromium Open Source browser issue the following command on Terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install chromium-browser
|
||||
|
||||
### 15. Install Tweak Tools ###
|
||||
|
||||
Want extra applications for customizing Ubuntu? Then install Unity Tweak Tool and Gnome Tweak Tool by issuing the following commands on Terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool gnome-tweak-tool
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Tweak Tool
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Tweak Tool Settings
|
||||
|
||||
Another interesting tweak tool is represented by the Ubuntu Tweak package which can be obtained and installed by visiting the webpage: [http://ubuntu-tweak.com/][2].
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Tweak Tool: System Information
|
||||
|
||||
After you have installed all this bunch of software, you might want to clean your system in order to free some space on the hard drive, by issuing the following commands:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get -y autoremove
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get -y autoclean
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get -y clean
|
||||
|
||||
This are just a few tweaks and programs that an average user might install and use on Ubuntu 15.04 Desktop for daily basic utilization. For more advanced programs, features and utilities use Ubuntu Software Center or consult Ubuntu Wiki webpage.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-15-04-desktop/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Matei Cezar][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/cezarmatei/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.viber.com/en/products/linux
|
||||
[2]:http://ubuntu-tweak.com/
|
||||
@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
|
||||
Translating by goreliu ...
|
||||
|
||||
How to Use Docker Machine with a Cloud Provider
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Hi everyone, today we'll learn how we can use Docker Machine to deploy Docker host in various Cloud Provider Platforms. Docker Machine is an application that helps to create Docker hosts on our computer, on cloud providers and inside our own data center. It provides easy solution for creating servers, installing Docker on them and then configuring the Docker client according the users configuration and requirements. The driver APIs works for provisioning Docker on a local machine, on a virtual machine in the data center, or on a public cloud instance. Docker Machine is supported on Windows, OSX, and Linux and is available for installation as one standalone binary. It enables us to take full advantage of ecosystem partners providing Docker-ready infrastructure, while still accessing everything through the same interface. It makes people able to deploy the docker containers in the respective cloud platform pretty fast and in pretty easy way with just a single command.
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Installing Docker Machine ###
|
||||
|
||||
Docker Machine supports awesome on every Linux Operating System. First of all, we'll need to download the latest version of Docker Machine from the Github site . Here, we'll use curl to download the latest version of Docker Machine ie 0.2.0 .
|
||||
|
||||
For 64 Bit Operating System
|
||||
|
||||
# curl -L https://github.com/docker/machine/releases/download/v0.2.0/docker-machine_linux-amd64 > /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
|
||||
|
||||
For 32 Bit Operating System
|
||||
|
||||
# curl -L https://github.com/docker/machine/releases/download/v0.2.0/docker-machine_linux-i386 > /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
|
||||
|
||||
After downloading the latest release of Docker Machine, we'll make the file named docker-machine under /usr/local/bin/ executable using the command below.
|
||||
|
||||
# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
|
||||
|
||||
After doing the above, we'll wanna ensure that we have successfully installed docker-machine. To check it, we can run the docker-machine -v which will give output of the version of docker-machine installed in our system.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine -v
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
To enable Docker commands on our machines, make sure to install the Docker client as well by running the command below.
|
||||
|
||||
# curl -L https://get.docker.com/builds/linux/x86_64/docker-latest > /usr/local/bin/docker
|
||||
# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Creating Machine ###
|
||||
|
||||
After finish installing Docker Machine in our Linux box, we'll wanna deploy a docker host into the cloud server. Docker Machine includes drivers for several popular Cloud Platforms such as Digital Ocean, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Computing and many other which enables us to create same interface of docker deployment in different platforms. So, here in this tutorial we'll gonna deploy the Docker Host into the Digital Ocean server using digitalocean driver API. Here, we'll need to run command docker-machine create followed by --driver flag as digitalocean with --digitalocean-access-token flag as the API Token provided by the [Digital Ocean Control Panel][1] and at last the name of the docker host we just created. To do so, we'll need to run the following command as.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine create --driver digitalocean --digitalocean-access-token <API-Token> linux-dev
|
||||
|
||||
# eval "$(docker-machine env linux-dev)"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Note**: Here, linux-dev is the name of the machine we are wanting to create. <API-Token> is a security key which can be generated from the Digital Ocean Control Panel of the account holder of Digital Ocean Cloud Platform. To retrieve that key, we simply need to login to our Digital Ocean Control Panel then click on API, then click on Generate New Token and give it a name tick on both Read and Write. Then we'll get a long hex key, thats the <API-Token> now, simply replace it into the command above.
|
||||
|
||||
After running the above command, we can see in our Digital Ocean Droplet Panel that a droplet has been created with default configuration.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
For ease and convenience, docker-machine deploys the droplet with default configuration choosing setting such as images that the VPS is based on we can override the default configuration as our need. We can do that by simply adding the flags respective to our need and requirement of the Droplet. Here are some flags for digitalocean that we can add to override the default configuration of the Docker Machine.
|
||||
|
||||
--digitalocean-image "ubuntu-14-04-x64" for Choosing Droplet Image
|
||||
--digitalocean-ipv6 enable to enable IPv6 Networking
|
||||
--digitalocean-private-networking enable to enable Private Networking
|
||||
--digitalocean-region "nyc3" to choose Region to deploy the Droplet
|
||||
--digitalocean-size "512mb" to select the RAM size and type of deployment.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are wanting to use docker-machine with other cloud providers and need to override the default configuration, we can run following command to get the list of flags for every platforms supported by Docker Machine by default.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine create -h
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Selecting Active Host ###
|
||||
|
||||
After deploying the droplet, we wanna run a docker container straight away but before that, we'll need to check whether the active host is the required machine or not. To see that, we can run the following command.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine ls
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The active host can be identified by "*" in the ACTIVE column.
|
||||
|
||||
Now, if we need to switch the active host to the required machine, we can simply run the following command.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine active linux-dev
|
||||
|
||||
**Note**: Here, linux-dev is the Machine name that we are wanting to make as ACTIVE and run Docker Container on top of it.
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Running a Docker Container ###
|
||||
|
||||
Now, after selecting our active host, we'll wanna finally run a docker container out of the box. Now, to give it a test, we'll run a busybox container out of it by running docker run busybox command with echo hello world so that we can get the output of the container.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker run busybox echo hello world
|
||||
|
||||
Note: If you are trying to deploy a docker container using a 32 Bit Operating System running in the host, its good idea to use SSH to run the docker commands. So, you can simply skip this step and follow the SSH step.
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. SSH with Docker Machine ###
|
||||
|
||||
If we want to control over the machine or the droplet that we just deployed with Docker Machine, we can ssh into the server using docker-machine ssh as command.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine ssh
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Now, after ssh into the machine, we can run any docker containers into it. Here we'll run an nginx server into it.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker run -itd -p 80:80 nginx
|
||||
|
||||
After finishing up with SSH, we need to run exit to exit from the droplet or server.
|
||||
|
||||
# exit
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. Removing Hosts ###
|
||||
|
||||
In order to remove the active host and all its images, containers, we can use docker-machine rm command as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine rm linux-dev
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
To check whether the host has been removed or not, we can run docker-machine ls command.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine ls
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. Adding a host without a driver ###
|
||||
|
||||
We can add a host to Docker which only has a URL and no driver. It can be used an alias for an existing host, so we don’t have to type out the URL every time we run a Docker command.
|
||||
|
||||
$ docker-machine create --url=tcp://104.131.50.36:2376 custombox
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. Managing the Hosts ###
|
||||
|
||||
If you are finished working with the running docker, we can simply run **docker-machine stop** command to stop the whole hosts which are Active and if wanna start again, we can run **docker-machine start**.
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine stop
|
||||
# docker-machine start
|
||||
|
||||
You can also specify a machine name to stop or start using the host name as an argument.
|
||||
|
||||
$ docker-machine stop linux-dev
|
||||
$ docker-machine start linux-dev
|
||||
|
||||
### Conclusion ###
|
||||
|
||||
Docker Machine is really and awesome tool for deploying servers with Docker Container running. In this article we demostrated with Digital Ocean Platform but there are other platforms also available like Amazon Web Service, Google Cloud Computing and more which is supported by Docker Machine and includes driver APIs of them. It has made easy for fast and secure deployment of Docker Containers into several different Platforms with Docker Machine. As Docker Machine is still under Beta, so it is recommended not to use docker-machine in production. If you have any questions, suggestions, feedback please write them in the comment box below so that we can improve or update our contents. Thank you ! Enjoy :-)
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/use-docker-machine-cloud-provider/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arun Pyasi][a]
|
||||
译者：[goreliu](https://github.com/goreliu)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/arunp/
|
||||
[1]:https://cloud.digitalocean.com/settings/applications
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
|
||||
Translating by GOLinux!
|
||||
Linux ntopng - Network Monitoring Tool Installation (Screenshots)
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Nowdays computers are connected between each other. From the small area such as your home Local Area Network (LAN) until the the biggest one which we call - Internet. When you are managing a network computer, you are managing one of the most critical component. Since most of developed application is web based application, the network between critical.
|
||||
@ -185,4 +186,4 @@ via: http://linoxide.com/monitoring-2/ntopng-network-monitoring-tool/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.ntop.org/products/ntop/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.nmon.net/packages/
|
||||
[4]:http://yourserver.name:3000/
|
||||
[5]:http://www.ntop.org/
|
||||
[5]:http://www.ntop.org/
|
||||
|
||||
300
sources/tech/20150526 20 Useful Terminal Emulators for Linux.md
Normal file
300
sources/tech/20150526 20 Useful Terminal Emulators for Linux.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
|
||||
20 Useful Terminal Emulators for Linux
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
A Terminal emulator is a computer program that reproduces a video terminal within some other display structure. In other words the Terminal emulator has an ability to make a dumb machine appear like a client computer networked to the server. The terminal emulator allows an end user to access console as well as its applications such as text user interface and command line interface.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
20 Linux Terminal Emulators
|
||||
|
||||
You may find huge number of terminal emulators to choose from this open source world. Some of them offers large range of features while others offers less features. To give a better understanding to the quality of software that are available, we have gathered a list of marvelous terminal emulator for Linux. Each title provides its description and feature along with screenshot of the software with relevant download link.
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Terminator ###
|
||||
|
||||
Terminator is an advanced and powerful terminal emulator which supports multiple terminals windows. This emulator is fully customizable. You can change the size, colour, give different shapes to the terminal. Its very user friendly and fun to use.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Features of Terminator ####
|
||||
|
||||
- Customize your profiles and colour schemes, set the size to fit your needs.
|
||||
- Use plugins to get even more functionality.
|
||||
- Several key-shortcuts are available to speed up common activities.
|
||||
- Split the terminal window into several virtual terminals and re-size them as needed.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Terminator Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Terminator Homepage][1]
|
||||
- [Download and Installation Instructions][2]
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Tilda ###
|
||||
|
||||
Tilda is a stylish drop-down terminal based on GTK+. With the help of a single key press you can launch a new or hide Tilda window. However, you can add colors of your choice to change the look of the text and Terminal background.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Features of Tilda ####
|
||||
|
||||
Interface with Highly customization option.
|
||||
You can set the transparency level for Tilda window.
|
||||
Excellent built-in colour schemes.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Tilda Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Tilda Homepage][3]
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Guake ###
|
||||
|
||||
Guake is a python based drop-down terminal created for the GNOME Desktop Environment. It is invoked by pressing a single keystroke, and can make it hidden by pressing same keystroke again. Its design was determined from FPS (First Person Shooter) games such as Quake and one of its main target is be easy to reach.
|
||||
|
||||
Guake is very much similar to Yakuaka and Tilda, but it’s an experiment to mix the best of them into a single GTK-based program. Guake has been written in python from scratch using a little piece in C (global hotkeys stuff).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Guake Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Guake Homepage][4]
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Yakuake ###
|
||||
|
||||
Yakuake (Yet Another Kuake) is a KDE based drop-down terminal emulator very much similar to Guake terminal emulator in functionality. It’s design was inspired from fps consoles games such as Quake.
|
||||
|
||||
Yakuake is basically a KDE application, which can be easily installed on KDE desktop, but if you try to install Yakuake in GNOME desktop, it will prompt you to install huge number of dependency packages.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Yakuake Features ####
|
||||
|
||||
- Fluently turn down from the top of your screen
|
||||
- Tabbed interface
|
||||
- Configurable dimensions and animation speed
|
||||
- Customizable
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Yakuake Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Yakuake Homepage][5]
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. ROXTerm ###
|
||||
|
||||
ROXterm is yet another lightweight terminal emulator designed to provide similar features to gnome-terminal. It was originally constructed to have lesser footprints and faster start-up time by not using the Gnome libraries and by using a independent applet to bring the configuration interface (GUI), but over the time it’s role has shifted to bringing a higher range of features for power users.
|
||||
|
||||
However, it is more customizable than gnome-terminal and anticipated more at “power” users who make excessive use of terminals. It is easily integrated with GNOME desktop environment and provides features like drag & drop of items into terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Roxterm Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [ROXTerm Homepage][6]
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. Eterm ###
|
||||
|
||||
Eterm is a lightest color terminal emulator designed as a replacement for xterm. It is developed with a Freedom of Choice ideology, leaving as much power, flexibility, and freedom as workable in the hands of the user.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Eterm Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Eterm Homepage][7]
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. Rxvt ###
|
||||
|
||||
Rxvt stands for extended virtual terminal is a color terminal emulator application for Linux intended as an xterm replacement for power users who don’t need to have a feature such as Tektronix 4014 emulation and toolkit-style configurability.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Rxvt Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Rxvt Homepage][8]
|
||||
|
||||
### 8. Wterm ###
|
||||
|
||||
Wterm is a another light weight color terminal emulator based on rxvt project. It includes features such as background images, transparency, reverse transparency and an considerable set or runtime options are accessible resulting in a very high customizable terminal emulator.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
wterm Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Wterm Homepage][9]
|
||||
|
||||
### 9. LXTerminal ###
|
||||
|
||||
LXTerminal is a default VTE-based terminal emulator for LXDE (Lightweight X Desktop Environment) without any unnecessary dependency. The terminal has got some nice features such as.
|
||||
LXTerminal Features
|
||||
|
||||
- Multiple tabs support
|
||||
- Supports common commands like cp, cd, dir, mkdir, mvdir.
|
||||
- Feature to hide the menu bar for saving space
|
||||
- Change the color scheme.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
lxterminal Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [LXTerminal Homepage][10]
|
||||
|
||||
### 10. Konsole ###
|
||||
|
||||
Konsole is yet another powerful KDE based free terminal emulator was originally created by Lars Doelle.
|
||||
Konsole Features
|
||||
|
||||
- Multiple Tabbed terminals.
|
||||
- Translucent backgrounds.
|
||||
- Support for Split-view mode.
|
||||
- Directory and SSH bookmarking.
|
||||
- Customizable color schemes.
|
||||
- Customizable key bindings.
|
||||
- Notification alerts about activity in a terminal.
|
||||
- Incremental search
|
||||
- Support for Dolphin file manager
|
||||
- Export of output in plain text or HTML format.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Konsole Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Konsole Homepage][11]
|
||||
|
||||
### 11. TermKit ###
|
||||
|
||||
TermKit is a elegant terminal that aims to construct aspects of the GUI with the command line based application using WebKit rendering engine mostly used in web browsers like Google Chrome and Chromium. TermKit is originally designed for Mac and Windows, but due to TermKit fork by Floby which you can now able to install it under Linux based distributions and experience the power of TermKit.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
TermKit Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [TermKit Homepage][12]
|
||||
|
||||
12. st
|
||||
|
||||
st is a simple terminal implementation for X Window.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
st terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [st Homepage][13]
|
||||
|
||||
### 13. Gnome-Terminal ###
|
||||
|
||||
GNOME terminal is a built-in terminal emulator for GNOME desktop environment developed by Havoc Pennington and others. It allow users to run commands using a real Linux shell while remaining on the on the GNOME environment. GNOME Terminal emulates the xterm terminal emulator and brings a few similar features.
|
||||
|
||||
The Gnome terminal supports multiple profiles, where users can able to create multiple profiles for his/her account and can customize configuration options such as fonts, colors, background image, behavior, etc. per account and define a name to each profile. It also supports mouse events, url detection, multiple tabs, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Gnome Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Gnome Terminal][14]
|
||||
|
||||
### 14. Final Term ###
|
||||
|
||||
Final Term is a open source stylish terminal emulator that has some exciting capabilities and handy features into one single beautiful interface. It is still under development, but provides significant features such as Semantic text menus, Smart command completion, GUI terminal controls, Omnipotent keybindings, Color support and many more. The following animated screen grab demonstrates some of their features. Please click on image to view demo.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
FinalTerm Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Final Term][15]
|
||||
|
||||
### 15. Terminology ###
|
||||
|
||||
Terminology is yet another new modern terminal emulator created for the Enlightenment desktop, but also can be used in different desktop environments. It has some awesome unique features, which do not have in any other terminal emulator.
|
||||
|
||||
Apart features, terminology offers even more things that you wouldn’t assume from a other terminal emulators, like preview thumbnails of images, videos and documents, it also allows you to see those files directly from Terminology.
|
||||
|
||||
You can watch a following demonstrations video created by the Terminology developer (the video quality isn’t clear, but still it’s enough to get the idea about Terminology).
|
||||
|
||||
<iframe width="630" height="480" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/ibPziLRGvkg"></iframe>
|
||||
|
||||
- [Terminology][16]
|
||||
|
||||
### 16. Xfce4 terminal ###
|
||||
|
||||
Xfce terminal is a lightweight modern and easy to use terminal emulator specially designed for Xfce desktop environment. The latest release of xfce terminal has some new cool features such as search dialog, tab color changer, drop-down console like Guake or Yakuake and many more.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Xfce Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Xfce4 Terminal][17]
|
||||
|
||||
### 17. xterm ###
|
||||
|
||||
The xterm application is a standard terminal emulator for the X Window System. It maintain DEC VT102 and Tektronix 4014 compatible terminals for applications that can’t use the window system directly.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
xterm Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [xterm][18]
|
||||
|
||||
### 18. LilyTerm ###
|
||||
|
||||
The LilyTerm is a another less known open source terminal emulator based off of libvte that desire to be fast and lightweight. LilyTerm also include some key features such as:
|
||||
|
||||
- Support for tabbing, coloring and reordering tabs
|
||||
- Ability to manage tabs through keybindings
|
||||
- Support for background transparency and saturation.
|
||||
- Support for user specific profile creation.
|
||||
- Several customization options for profiles.
|
||||
- Extensive UTF-8 support.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Lilyterm Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [LilyTerm][19]
|
||||
|
||||
### 19. Sakura ###
|
||||
|
||||
The sakura is a another less known Unix style terminal emulator developed for command line purpose as well as text-based terminal programs. Sakura is based on GTK and livte and provides not more advanced features but some customization options such as multiple tab support, custom text color, font and background images, speedy command processing and few more.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Sakura Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
- [Sakura][20]
|
||||
|
||||
### 20. rxvt-unicode ###
|
||||
|
||||
The rxvt-unicode (also known as urxvt) is a yet another highly customizable, lightweight and fast terminal emulator with xft and unicode support was developed by Marc Lehmann. It got some outstanding features such as support for international language via Unicode, the ability to display multiple font types and support for Perl extensions.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
rxvt unicode
|
||||
|
||||
- [rxvt-unicode][21]
|
||||
|
||||
If you know any other capable Linux terminal emulators that I’ve not included in the above list, please do share with me using our comment section.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/linux-terminal-emulators/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Ravi Saive][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/admin/
|
||||
[1]:https://launchpad.net/terminator
|
||||
[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/terminator-a-linux-terminal-emulator-to-manage-multiple-terminal-windows/
|
||||
[3]:http://tilda.sourceforge.net/tildaabout.php
|
||||
[4]:https://github.com/Guake/guake
|
||||
[5]:http://extragear.kde.org/apps/yakuake/
|
||||
[6]:http://roxterm.sourceforge.net/index.php?page=index&lang=en
|
||||
[7]:http://www.eterm.org/
|
||||
[8]:http://sourceforge.net/projects/rxvt/
|
||||
[9]:http://sourceforge.net/projects/wterm/
|
||||
[10]:http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXTerminal
|
||||
[11]:http://konsole.kde.org/
|
||||
[12]:https://github.com/unconed/TermKit
|
||||
[13]:http://st.suckless.org/
|
||||
[14]:https://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-terminal/stable/
|
||||
[15]:http://finalterm.org/
|
||||
[16]:http://www.enlightenment.org/p.php?p=about/terminology
|
||||
[17]:http://docs.xfce.org/apps/terminal/start
|
||||
[18]:http://invisible-island.net/xterm/
|
||||
[19]:http://lilyterm.luna.com.tw/
|
||||
[20]:https://launchpad.net/sakura
|
||||
[21]:http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
|
||||
Linux用户应知应会的7个‘ls’命令异用技巧
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
在前面我们系列报道的两篇文章中，我们已经涵盖了关于‘ls’命令的绝大多数内容。本文时‘ls命令’系列的最后一部分。如果你还没有读过该系列的其它两篇文章，你可以访问下面的链接。
|
||||
|
||||
注：以下三篇都做过源文，看看翻译了没有，如果发布了可适当改链接地址
|
||||
|
||||
- [Linux中的15个‘ls’命令基本用法实例][1]
|
||||
- [关于Linux “ls”命令的15个面试问题 – 第一部分][2]
|
||||
- [10个有用的‘ls’命令面试问题 – 第二部分][3]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
7个ls命令异用技巧
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. 以各种时间格式附带时间戳列出目录中的内容 ###
|
||||
|
||||
要以时间格式列出目录内容，我们需要选择以下两种方法中的任何一种。
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l –time-style=[STYLE] (方法 A)
|
||||
|
||||
**注意** - 上面的开关（`--time`格式必须和`-l`开关同时使用，否则达不到目的）。
|
||||
|
||||
# ls –full-time (方法 B)
|
||||
|
||||
用以下任何一个选项替换`[STYLE]`。
|
||||
|
||||
full-iso
|
||||
long-iso
|
||||
iso
|
||||
locale
|
||||
+%H:%M:%S:%D
|
||||
|
||||
**注意** - 在上面行中，H（时），M（分），S（秒），D（日期）的顺序可以任意调整。
|
||||
|
||||
此外，你只需选择那些相关的选项，而不是所有选项。例如，`ls -l --time-style=+%H`将只显示小时。
|
||||
|
||||
`ls -l --time-style=+%H:%M:%D`将显示小时、分钟和日期。
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l --time-style=full-iso
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ls命令完整时间格式
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l --time-style=long-iso
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
长时间格式列表
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l --time-style=iso
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
时间格式列表
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l --time-style=locale
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
本地时间格式列表
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -l --time-style=+%H:%M:%S:%D
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
日期和时间格式列表
|
||||
|
||||
# ls --full-time
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
完整格式时间列表
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. 以多种格式列出目录内容，如以逗号分隔、水平格式、长格式、垂直格式、交叉格式等列出。 ###
|
||||
|
||||
目录内容可以用以下建议的ls命令各种格式列出。
|
||||
|
||||
- 交叉
|
||||
- 逗号
|
||||
- 水平
|
||||
- 长格式
|
||||
- 单栏
|
||||
- 详情
|
||||
- 垂直
|
||||
|
||||
# ls –-format=across
|
||||
# ls --format=comma
|
||||
# ls --format=horizontal
|
||||
# ls --format=long
|
||||
# ls --format=single-column
|
||||
# ls --format=verbose
|
||||
# ls --format=vertical
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ls命令的列出格式
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. 使用ls命令为目录内容输出结果添加像（/=@|）这样的指示符。 ###
|
||||
|
||||
带有`-p`选项的ls命令将实现该目的。它会根据文件类型添加上面这些指示符其中之一。
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -p
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
添加指示符到内容
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. 根据扩展名、大小、时间和版本对目录内容排序。 ###
|
||||
|
||||
我们可以使用`--extension`选项来按照扩展名对输出结果排序，`--size`扩展选项按照大小排序，`-t`扩展选项按照时间排序，`-v`扩展选项对版本排序。
|
||||
|
||||
我们也可以使用`--none`选项，它会以常规方式输出结果而不会进行排序。
|
||||
|
||||
# ls --sort=extension
|
||||
# ls --sort=size
|
||||
# ls --sort=time
|
||||
# ls --sort=version
|
||||
# ls --sort=none
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
通过选项对内容排序列出
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. 使用ls命令打印目录中各个内容的数字UID和GID。 ###
|
||||
|
||||
上面的环境可以通过使用带有-n标识的ls命令来实现。
|
||||
|
||||
# ls -n
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
通过UID和GID对打印内容列表
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. 标准输出结果中打印目录内容中比默认指定的更多栏目。 ###
|
||||
|
||||
好吧，ls命令根据屏幕大小自动输出目录内容。
|
||||
|
||||
然而，我们可以手动分配屏幕宽度的值和出现的栏目的控制数。这可以通过使用‘`--width`’开关实现。
|
||||
|
||||
# ls --width 80
|
||||
# ls --width 100
|
||||
# ls --width 150
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
根据窗口大小列出内容
|
||||
|
||||
**注意**： 你可以试验你可以给width标识传递什么值。
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. 通过ls命令为列出的目录内容手动指定的tab大小而不是默认的8。 ###
|
||||
|
||||
# ls --tabsize=[value]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
按表尺寸列出内容
|
||||
|
||||
**注意**： 指定`[Value]=`的数值。
|
||||
|
||||
到目前为止，都讲完了。保持连线到Tecmint，我们会推出下一篇文章。别忘了在下面的评论中为我们提供有价值的反馈。为我们点赞并分享，帮我们推广。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/linux-ls-command-tricks/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Avishek Kumar][a]
|
||||
译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/15-basic-ls-command-examples-in-linux/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/ls-command-interview-questions/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/ls-interview-questions/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
|
||||
安装完Ubuntu 15.04桌面后要做的15件事
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
本教程适用于新手和在自己的电脑上安装好Ubuntu 15.04 “Vivid Vervet” 桌面之后为了自定义自己的系统并安装一些基本程序作为日常使用的已经做了一些准备的人。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
安装完Ubuntu 15.04桌面后要做的15件事
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. 启用Ubuntu额外软件库并更新系统 ###
|
||||
|
||||
在刚装好Ubuntu之后你应该要关心的第一件事是启用官方合作伙伴提供的Ubuntu额外软件库并且通过最近一次的安全补丁和软件更新来保持系统是最新状态。
|
||||
|
||||
要完成这一步，依次从左边菜单中打开System Settings -> Software and Updates工具并检查所有Ubuntu软件和其他软件库（官方合作伙伴所提供），点击关闭按钮并等待重新加载缓存源树。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Software Updates
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Other Software (Canonical Partners)
|
||||
|
||||
经过一系列快速平滑的更新过程之后，打开终端并输入以下命令来让系统使用新软件库：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get update
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu Upgrade
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. 安装额外驱动 ###
|
||||
|
||||
为了能让系统扫描并安装额外的硬件专有驱动，我们依然从System Settings打开Software and Updates工具，选择Additional Drivers标签并等待该工具扫描驱动。
|
||||
|
||||
如果有驱动匹配到了你的硬件，查看你想要安装的驱动并点击Apply按钮来安装它，以防专有驱动没有如期工作，用Revert按钮就能卸载它们或勾选Do not use the device后点击Apply按钮。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Drivers
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. 安装Synaptic和Gdebi工具 ###
|
||||
|
||||
除了Ubuntu Software Center，Synaptic是一个apt图形化工具，通过它你能管理、安装、卸载、搜索和升级软件库并配置软件包。同样的，Gdebi在功能上也有相同的地方。在终端上输入以下命令来安装这两个包：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install synaptic gdebi
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Synaptic and Gdebi
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Synaptic Package Manager
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. 更改系统外观和运行状态 ###
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想要更改桌面背景或图标大小，依次打开System Settings –> Appearance –> Look并对桌面进行个性化设置，把菜单移动到窗口标题栏，在Behavior标签中启动workspaces和desktop icons或开关auto-hide the Launcher。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
System Appearances
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. 提升系统安全性和隐私性 ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
System Security Enhancement
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
System Security Options
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. 禁用不需要开机自启动的应用程序 ###
|
||||
|
||||
要提高登录系统的速度，通过输入以下命令来显示被隐藏的开机启动应用程序，在Dash中搜索它就能打开Startup Applications工具并反选不需要再登录系统的过程中启动的程序。
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo sed -i ‘s/NoDisplay=true/NoDisplay=false/g’ /etc/xdg/autostart/*.desktop
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Disable Unwanted Applications
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. 添加扩展多媒体支持 ###
|
||||
|
||||
默认情况下，Ubuntu对多媒体文件支持不是很好。为了能播放各种不同的多媒体格式或解析视频文件，可以安装以下多媒体应用程序：
|
||||
|
||||
- VLC
|
||||
- Smplayer
|
||||
- Audacious
|
||||
- QMMP
|
||||
- Mixxx
|
||||
- XBMC
|
||||
- Handbrake
|
||||
- Openshot
|
||||
|
||||
用以下命令来一次性安装所有的这些应用程序：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install vlc smplayer audacious qmmp mixxx xbmc handbrake openshot
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Media Players
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Media Player Playlist
|
||||
|
||||
除了多媒体播放器，安装ubuntu-restricted-extras和Java支持包也可以解码并支持其它受约束的多媒体格式。
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras openjdk-8-jdk
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Ubuntu Extras
|
||||
|
||||
在终端上输入以下命令来启用DVD Playback和其它多媒体解码器：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad lame libavcodec-extra
|
||||
$ sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Enable Video Codes
|
||||
|
||||
### 8. 安装图像处理应用程序 ###
|
||||
|
||||
如果你是一个摄影爱好者，想在Ubuntu上处理调整图像，或许需要安装一下图像处理程序：
|
||||
|
||||
- GIMP (alternative for Adobe Photoshop)
|
||||
- Darktable
|
||||
- Rawtherapee
|
||||
- Pinta
|
||||
- Shotwell
|
||||
- Inkscape (alternative for Adobe Illustrator)
|
||||
- Digikam
|
||||
- Cheese
|
||||
|
||||
这些应用程序能从Ubuntu Software Center中安装或者立刻在终端上使用以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install gimp gimp-plugin-registry gimp-data-extras darktable rawtherapee pinta shotwell inkscape
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Image Applications
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Rawtherapee Tool
|
||||
|
||||
### 9. 安装媒体烧录软件 ###
|
||||
|
||||
如果要挂载ISO镜像或烧录一张CD或DVD，你可以选择并安装以下软件中的一款：
|
||||
|
||||
- Brasero Disk Burner
|
||||
- K3b
|
||||
- Xfburn
|
||||
- Furius ISO Mount
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install brasero
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install k3b
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install xfburn
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install furiusisomount
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Media Burners
|
||||
|
||||
### 10. 安装压缩应用程序 ###
|
||||
|
||||
如果要处理大多数归档格式的文件(zip, tar.gz, zip, 7zip rar等等)，输入以下命令来安装这些包：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install unace unrar zip unzip p7zip-full p7zip-rar sharutils rar uudeview mpack arj cabextract file-roller
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Archive Applications
|
||||
|
||||
### 11. 安装聊天应用程序 ###
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想要和世界各地的人们聊天，这里有一份最流行的Linux聊天应用程序列表：
|
||||
|
||||
- Pidgin
|
||||
- Skype
|
||||
- Xchat
|
||||
- Telegram
|
||||
- aMSN
|
||||
- Viber
|
||||
|
||||
你可以从Ubuntu Software Center中安装它们或使用以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install pidgin
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install skype
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install xchat
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install amsn
|
||||
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/telegram -y
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get update
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install telegram
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Chat Applications
|
||||
|
||||
想要在Ubuntu上安装Viber可以访问[Viber官方网站][1]下载Debian安装包到本地并用Gdebi包管理工具来安装viber.deb应用程序(右击 –> 打开 -> GDebi Package Installer).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Viber
|
||||
|
||||
### 12. 安装种子软件 ###
|
||||
|
||||
在Ubuntu最流行的种子应用程序和P2P文件共享程序是：
|
||||
|
||||
- Deluge
|
||||
- Transmission
|
||||
- Qbittorrent
|
||||
- LinuxDC++
|
||||
|
||||
想要在Ubuntu上安装你最喜欢的P2P文件共享应用程序，可以在终端上输入以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install deluge
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install transmission
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install qbittorrent
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install linuxdcpp
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Torrent
|
||||
|
||||
### 13. 安装Windows仿真器-Wine和游戏支持平台-Steam ###
|
||||
|
||||
Wine仿真器允许你在Linux上安装并运行Window应用程序。在另一方面，Steam是一款Valve开发的流行于Linux系统的游戏平台。想要在你的机器上安装它们，可以输入以下命令或使用Ubuntu Software Center。
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install steam wine winetricks
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Wine
|
||||
|
||||
### 14. 安装Cairo-Dock并启用桌面视觉效果 ###
|
||||
|
||||
Cairo-Dock是一款漂亮且灵巧的用于Linux桌面上的启动条，类似于Mac OS X dock。想要在Ubuntu上安装它，可以在终端上运行以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install cairo-dock cairo-dock-plug-ins
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Cairo Dock
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Add Cairo Dock at Startup
|
||||
|
||||
想要启用某一套桌面效果，例如Cube效果，可以使用以下命令来安装Compiz包：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install compiz compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-plugins-extra
|
||||
|
||||
想要激活桌面Cube效果，在Dash上查找ccsm，打开CompizConfig Settings Manager，找到General Options – > Desktop Size并设置Horizontal Virtual Size的值为4，Vertical Virtual Size的值为1。然后返回检查Desktop Cube框(禁用Desktop Wall)和Rotate Cube框(解决冲突 -> 禁止切换视图1)并Ctrl+Alt+鼠标左击来查看cube效果。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Enable Compiz
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Compiz Settings
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Compiz Settings Addons
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Desktop Window Rotating
|
||||
|
||||
### 15. 添加额外浏览器支持 ###
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 15.04默认浏览器是Mozilla Firefox。想要安装其它浏览器比如Google Chrome或Opera，可以访问它们的官方网站，下载所提供的.deb包并用Gdebi Package Installer在你的系统上安装它们。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Enable Browser Support
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Opera Browser Support
|
||||
|
||||
想要安装Chromium开源浏览器请在终端上输入以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install chromium-browser
|
||||
|
||||
### 16. 安装Tweak工具 ###
|
||||
|
||||
想要用额外的应用程序来自定义Ubuntu吗？在终端上输入以下命令来安装Unity Tweak工具和Gnome Tweak工具：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool gnome-tweak-tool
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install Tweak Tool
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Tweak Tool Settings
|
||||
|
||||
另一个有趣的tweak工具主要是Ubuntu Tweak包，可以通过访问官方网站来获取并安装： [http://ubuntu-tweak.com/][2].
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Tweak Tool: System Information
|
||||
|
||||
在你安装好这一连串软件之后，你或许想要清理一下你的系统来释放一点硬盘上的空间，输入以下命令即可：
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get -y autoremove
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get -y autoclean
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get -y clean
|
||||
|
||||
这只是tweaks工具中的其中一些和普通用户日常生活中可能会在Ubuntu 15.04桌面上安装使用的程序。想要了解更多高级的程序，特性和功能，请使用Ubuntu Software Center或查阅Ubuntu Wiki主页。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-15-04-desktop/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Matei Cezar][a]
|
||||
译者：[ZTinoZ](https://github.com/ZTinoZ)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/cezarmatei/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.viber.com/en/products/linux
|
||||
[2]:http://ubuntu-tweak.com/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
|
||||
如何在云服务提供商的机器使用Docker Machine
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
大家好，今天我们来学习如何使用Docker Machine在各种云服务提供商的平台部署Docker。Docker Machine是一个可以帮助我们在自己的电脑、云服务提供商的机器以及我们数据中心的机器上创建Docker机器的应用程序。它为创建服务器、在服务器中安装Docker、根据用户需求配置Docker客户端提供了简单的解决方案。驱动API对本地机器、数据中心的虚拟机或者公用云机器都适用。Docker Machine支持Windows、OSX和Linux，并且提供一个独立的二进制文件，可以直接使用。它让我们可以充分利用支持Docker的基础设施的生态环境合作伙伴，并且使用相同的接口进行访问。它让人们可以使用一个命令来简单而迅速地在不同的云平台部署Docker容器。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. 安装Docker Machine ###
|
||||
|
||||
Docker Machine可以很好地支持每一种Linux发行版。首先，我们需要从Github网站下载最新版本的。这里我们使用curl来下载目前最新0.2.0版本的Docker Machine。
|
||||
|
||||
在64位操作系统运行：
|
||||
|
||||
# curl -L https://github.com/docker/machine/releases/download/v0.2.0/docker-machine_linux-amd64 > /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
|
||||
|
||||
在32位操作系统运行：
|
||||
|
||||
# curl -L https://github.com/docker/machine/releases/download/v0.2.0/docker-machine_linux-i386 > /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
|
||||
|
||||
下载最新版本的Docker Machine并将docker-machine文件放到了/usr/local/bin/后，添加执行权限：
|
||||
|
||||
# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
|
||||
|
||||
完成如上操作后，我们需要确认已经成功安装docker-machine了。可以运行如下命令检查，它会输出系统中docker-machine的版本：
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine -v
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
另外机器上需要有docker命令，可以使用如下命令安装：
|
||||
|
||||
# curl -L https://get.docker.com/builds/linux/x86_64/docker-latest > /usr/local/bin/docker
|
||||
# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. 创建机器 ###
|
||||
|
||||
在自己的Linux机器上安装好了Docker Machine之后，我们想要将一个docker虚拟机部署到云服务器上。Docker Machine支持几个流行的云平台，如igital Ocean、Amazon Web Services（AWS）、Microsoft Azure、Google Cloud Computing等等，所以我们可以在不同的平台使用相同的接口来部署Docker。本文中我们会使用digitalocean驱动在Digital Ocean的服务器上部署Docker，--driver选项指定digitalocean驱动，--digitalocean-access-token选项指定[Digital Ocean Control Panel][1]提供的API Token，命令最后的是我们创建的Docker虚拟机的机器名。运行如下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine create --driver digitalocean --digitalocean-access-token <API-Token> linux-dev
|
||||
|
||||
# eval "$(docker-machine env linux-dev)"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**注意**: 这里linux-dev是我们将要创建的机器的名称。`<API-Token>`是一个安全key，可以在Digtal Ocean Control Panel生成。要找到这个key，我们只需要登录到我们的Digital Ocean Control Panel，然后点击API，再点击Generate New Token，填写一个名称，选上Read和Write。然后我们就会得到一串十六进制的key，那就是`<API-Token>`，简单地替换到上边的命令中即可。
|
||||
|
||||
运行如上命令后，我们可以在Digital Ocean Droplet Panel中看到一个具有默认配置的droplet已经被创建出来了。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
简便起见，docker-machine会使用默认配置来部署Droplet。我们可以通过增加选项来定制我们的Droplet。这里是一些digitalocean相关的选项，我们可以使用它们来覆盖Docker Machine所使用的默认配置。
|
||||
|
||||
--digitalocean-image "ubuntu-14-04-x64" 是选择Droplet的镜像
|
||||
--digitalocean-ipv6 enable 是启用IPv6网络支持
|
||||
--digitalocean-private-networking enable 是启用专用网络
|
||||
--digitalocean-region "nyc3" 是选择部署Droplet的区域
|
||||
--digitalocean-size "512mb" 是选择内存大小和部署的类型
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想在其他云服务使用docker-machine，并且想覆盖默认的配置，可以运行如下命令来获取Docker Mackine默认支持的对每种平台适用的参数。
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine create -h
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. 选择活跃机器 ###
|
||||
|
||||
部署Droplet后，我们想马上运行一个Docker容器，但在那之前，我们需要检查下活跃机器是否是我们需要的机器。可以运行如下命令查看。
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine ls
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ACTIVE一列有“*”标记的是活跃机器。
|
||||
|
||||
现在，如果我们想将活跃机器切换到需要的机器，运行如下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine active linux-dev
|
||||
|
||||
**注意**：这里，linux-dev是机器名，我们打算激活这个机器，并且在其中运行Docker容器。
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. 运行一个Docker容器 ###
|
||||
|
||||
现在，我们已经选择了活跃机器，就可以运行Docker容器了。可以测试一下，运行一个busybox容器来执行`echo hello word`命令，这样就可以得到输出：
|
||||
|
||||
# docker run busybox echo hello world
|
||||
|
||||
注意：如果你试图在一个装有32位操作系统的宿主机部署Docker容器，使用SSH来运行docker是个好办法。这样你就可以简单跳过这一步，直接进入下一步。
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. SSH到Docker机器中 ###
|
||||
|
||||
如果我们想在机器或者Droplet上控制之前部署的Docker机器，可以使用docker-machine ssh命令来SSH到机器上：
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine ssh
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
SSH到机器上之后，我们可以在上边运行任何Docker容器。这里我们运行一个nginx：
|
||||
|
||||
# docker run -itd -p 80:80 nginx
|
||||
|
||||
操作完毕后，我们需要运行exit命令来退出Droplet或者服务器。
|
||||
|
||||
# exit
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. 删除机器 ###
|
||||
|
||||
删除在运行的机器以及它的所有镜像和容器，我们可以使用docker-machine rm命令：
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine rm linux-dev
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
使用docker-machine ls命令检查是否成功删除了：
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine ls
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. 在不使用驱动的情况新增一个机器 ###
|
||||
|
||||
我们可以在不使用驱动的情况往Docker增加一台机器，只需要一个URL。它可以使用一个已有机器的别名，所以我们就不需要每次在运行docker命令时输入完整的URL了。
|
||||
|
||||
$ docker-machine create --url=tcp://104.131.50.36:2376 custombox
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. 管理机器 ###
|
||||
|
||||
如果你已经让Docker运行起来了，可以使用简单的**docker-machine stop**命令来停止所有正在运行的机器，如果需要再启动的话可以运行**docker-machine start**：
|
||||
|
||||
# docker-machine stop
|
||||
# docker-machine start
|
||||
|
||||
你也可以使用如下命令来使用机器名作为参数来将其停止或启动：
|
||||
|
||||
$ docker-machine stop linux-dev
|
||||
$ docker-machine start linux-dev
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结 ###
|
||||
|
||||
Docker Machine是一个非常棒的工具，可以使用Docker容器快速地部署服务。文中我们使用Digital Ocean Platform作演示，但Docker Machine还支持其他平台，如Amazon Web Service、Google Cloud Computing。使用Docker Machine，快速、安全地在几种不同平台部署Docker容器变得很简单了。因为Docker Machine还是Beta版本，不建议在生产环境使用。如果你有任何问题、建议、反馈，请在下方的评论框中写下来，我们会改进或者更新我们的内容。谢谢！享受吧 :-)
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/use-docker-machine-cloud-provider/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arun Pyasi][a]
|
||||
译者：[goreliu](https://github.com/goreliu)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/arunp/
|
||||
[1]:https://cloud.digitalocean.com/settings/applications
|
||||
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user