diff --git a/sources/tech/20230215.0 ⭐️ Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI.md b/sources/tech/20230215.0 ⭐️ Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI.md deleted file mode 100644 index 81910d08c9..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20230215.0 ⭐️ Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI" -[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-login-root/" -[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/" -[#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: "geekpi" -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI -====== - -By default, Ubuntu disables the root account. You must use the sudo command for any tasks requiring root privileges. - -This is for your own security, of course. Using the system as root all the time is like running around with a sword in your hand. It increases the chances of messing up things. - -Logging in as root is still common in the servers. On the desktop side, it's quite rare to log in as root. Even Kali Linux has changed it. - -And yet, a few desktop users want to log in as root. This is not something advisable but surely doable. - -in this guide, I will show you how to **log in as a root in your GNOME desktop** using Ubuntu. - -### How to login as a root in the GNOME desktop - -🚧 - -I won't advise login as root on the desktop. You have sudo mechanism for all your root needs. Do it only if you have a good enough reason. This tutorial is for demo purposes only. You have been cautioned. - -#### Step 1: Enable root account - -You want to log in as root. But the root account is disabled by default. The first step is to enable it. - -Change the root account password that will eventually enable the root account for you: - -``` -sudo passwd root -``` - -![change the password of root account in ubuntu][1] - -It goes without saying that you should not forget the root password. - -#### Step 2: Change GDM configuration - -🚧 - -This part of the tutorial is only valid for GNOME. Please - -[check your desktop environment][2] - - and ensure that it is GNOME. - -Ubuntu uses GNOME by default and GNOME uses the GDM display manager. - -To allow log in as root into GNOME, you need to make some changes in the GDM configuration file located at `/etc/gdm3/custom.conf`. - -Make a backup of the config file: - -``` -cp /etc/gdm3/custom.conf /etc/gdm3/custom.conf~ -``` - -In the worst case, if you somehow mess things up, the back up file can be used to replace the existing one from the TTY. - -Now, open the GDM file with the following command: - -``` -sudo nano /etc/gdm3/custom.conf -``` - -And add the following line to allow the root login: - -``` -AllowRoot=true -``` - -![configure GDM on ubuntu][3] - -Press Ctrl+X to exit Nano while saving it. - -#### Step 3: Configure PAM authentication - -Now, you will have to configure the PAM authentication daemon file, which can be opened by the following command: - -``` -sudo nano /etc/pam.d/gdm-password -``` - -In this file, you will have to comment out the following line with the `#` symbol that denies the root access in GUI: - -``` -auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success -``` - -![][4] - -[Save changes and exit from the nano][5] text editor. - -#### Step 4: Log in as root - -Now, reboot your system: - -``` -reboot -``` - -At the login screen, select the `Not listed` option, enter `root` in username and enter the password that you configured at the beginning of this guide: - -![Login as a root in ubuntu desktop][6] - -Once you log in, it will notify you by saying, **"logged in as a privileged user":** - -![logged in as a privileged user in Ubuntu][7] - -That's it! Now, you are running your Ubuntu system as a root. - -### Things you should know when running the system as a root user - -There is a reason why Ubuntu disables a root account by default. Want to know why? Here you have it: - -Root User in Ubuntu- Important Things You Should KnowHow do you become root user in Ubuntu? Either you run commands with root privilege like this: sudo any_command Or you switch user in Ubuntu to root user like this: sudo su In both cases, you’ll have to enter your own user account’s password. But there’s![][8]It's FOSSAbhishek Prakash![][9] - -And again, it is not advisable to log in a s root in your desktop Linux system. Please follow the norms and stay away from such (mis) adventures. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-login-root/ - -作者：[Sagar Sharma][a] -选题：[lkxed][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/ -[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/ -[1]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/change-the-password-of-root-account-in-ubuntu.png -[2]: https://itsfoss.com/find-desktop-environment/ -[3]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/configure-GDM-on-ubuntu.png -[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/configure-PAM-authentication-daemon-in-ubuntu.gif -[5]: https://linuxhandbook.com/nano-save-exit/ -[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/Login-as-a-root-in-Ubuntu-desktop.png -[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/logged-in-as-a-privileged-user-in-Ubuntu.png -[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png -[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2020/01/root_user_ubuntu.png diff --git a/translated/tech/20230215.0 ⭐️ Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI.md b/translated/tech/20230215.0 ⭐️ Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..45e4bd8494 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20230215.0 ⭐️ Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI.md @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ +[#]: subject: "Login as Root in Ubuntu GUI" +[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-login-root/" +[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: "geekpi" +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +在 Ubuntu GUI 中以 root 身份登录 +====== + +默认情况下，Ubuntu 禁用了 root 账户。你必须使用 sudo 命令来执行任何需要 root 权限的任务。 + +当然，这是为了你自己的安全。一直以 root 身份使用系统，就像手里拿着一把剑到处跑。它增加了把事情搞乱的机会。 + +以 root 身份登录在服务器中仍然很常见。在桌面方面，以 root 身份登录的情况相当少见。甚至 Kali Linux 也做了改变。 + +然而，有一些桌面用户想以 root 身份登录。这不是什么明智之举，但肯定是可以做到的。 + +在本指南中，我将向你展示如何在 Ubuntu 中**以 root 身份登录 GNOME 桌面**。 + +### 如何在 GNOME 桌面上以 root 身份登录 + +🚧 + +我不建议在桌面上以 root 身份登录。你有 sudo 机制来满足你所有的 root 需求。只有在你有足够理由的情况下才这样做。本教程仅用于演示目的。你已经被警告过了。 + +#### 步骤 1：启用 root 账户 + +你想以 root 身份登录。但默认情况下，root账户是禁用的。第一步是启用它。 + +改变 root 账户的密码，这将为你启用 root 账户： + +``` +sudo passwd root +``` + +![change the password of root account in ubuntu][1] + +不言而喻，你不应该忘记 root 密码。 + +#### 步骤 2：改变 GDM 配置 + +🚧 + +本教程的这一部分只对GNOME有效。请[检查你的桌面环境][2]并确保它是 GNOME。 + +Ubuntu 默认使用 GNOME，GNOME 使用 GDM 显示管理器。 + +为了允许以 root 身份登录到 GNOME，你需要对位于 `/etc/gdm3/custom.conf` 的 GDM 配置文件做一些修改。 + +对该配置文件做一个备份： + +``` +cp /etc/gdm3/custom.conf /etc/gdm3/custom.conf~ +``` + +在最坏的情况下，如果你以某种方式把事情搞砸了，备份的文件可以用来替换 TTY 上的现有文件。 + +现在，用以下命令打开 GDM 文件： + +``` +sudo nano /etc/gdm3/custom.conf +``` + +并添加以下一行，允许 root 用户登录： + +``` +AllowRoot=true +``` + +![configure GDM on ubuntu][3] + +按 Ctrl+X 退出 Nano，同时保存它。 + +#### 步骤 3：配置 PAM 认证 + +现在，你必须配置 PAM 认证守护文件，它可以通过以下命令打开： + +``` +sudo nano /etc/pam.d/gdm-password +``` + +在这个文件中，你必须注释掉以下带有 “#” 号的一行，该符号拒绝 GUI 中的 root 访问： + +``` +auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success +``` + +![][4] + +[保存修改并退出 nano][5] 文本编辑器。 + +#### 步骤 4：以 root 身份登录 + +现在，重启你的系统： + +``` +reboot +``` + +在登录界面，选择 `Not listed` 选项，在用户名中输入 `root`，并输入你在本指南开头配置的密码： + +![Login as a root in ubuntu desktop][6] + +当你登录后，它就会通知你，**"logged in as a privileged user":** + +![logged in as a privileged user in Ubuntu][7] + +这就完成了! 现在，你正在以 root 身份运行你的 Ubuntu 系统。 + +### 以 root 用户身份运行系统时，你应该知道的事情 + +Ubuntu 默认禁用 root 账户是有原因的。想知道为什么吗？在这里你可以找到： + +[Ubuntu 中的 root 用户-你应该知道的重要事项][8] + +再说一遍，在你的桌面 Linux 系统中以 root 登录是不可取的。请遵守规范，远离这种（错误的）冒险。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-login-root/ + +作者：[Sagar Sharma][a] +选题：[lkxed][b] +译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/ +[1]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/change-the-password-of-root-account-in-ubuntu.png +[2]: https://itsfoss.com/find-desktop-environment/ +[3]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/configure-GDM-on-ubuntu.png +[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/configure-PAM-authentication-daemon-in-ubuntu.gif +[5]: https://linuxhandbook.com/nano-save-exit/ +[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/Login-as-a-root-in-Ubuntu-desktop.png +[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/01/logged-in-as-a-privileged-user-in-Ubuntu.png +[8]: https://itsfoss.com/root-user-ubuntu/#what-is-root