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sources/Debian 7.2 Wheez Officially Released.md
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sources/Debian 7.2 Wheez Officially Released.md
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Debian 7.2 "Wheezy" Officially Released
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================================================================================
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**The Debian project announced the immediate availability for download of the second maintenance release of the Debian 7 Linux operating system.**
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Debian 7.2 is just a maintenance update, but it does feature a wide array of updates and fixes for the current stable branch and a lot of packages have been upgraded.
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“Please note that this update does not constitute a new version of Debian 7 but only updates some of the packages included. There is no need to throw away older wheezy CDs or DVDs but only to update via an up-to-date Debian mirror after an installation, to cause any out of date packages to be updated,” reads the official announcement.
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This means that users who already have a Debian 7.0 or 7.1 installation won't have to reinstall the system all over again. They just need to perform a regular update, as only a small number of packages will be downloaded from security.debian.org.
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Check out the complete changelog in the official [announcement][1].
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**Debian GNU/Linux 7.1.0: Free Download**
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- [Debian GNU/Linux 7.1.0 (ISO) 32-bit[iso]][2] [3.70 GB]
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- [Debian GNU/Linux 7.1.0 (ISO) 64-bit[iso]][3] [3.80 GB]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Debian-7-2-quot-Wheezy-quot-Officially-Released-390694.shtml
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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[1]:http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20131012
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[2]:http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/7.1.0/i386/iso-dvd/debian-7.1.0-i386-DVD-1.iso
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[3]:http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/7.1.0/amd64/iso-dvd/debian-7.1.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso
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How To Upgrade From Ubuntu 13.04 Raring To Ubuntu 13.10 Saucy Salamander
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================================================================================
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**Ubuntu 13.10 Saucy** will be released on **October 17th**. Hope it will come with lot of improvements and features than Ubuntu 13.04 Raring and the previous versions. Everybody are curiously waiting to see what Ubuntu 13.10 will offer to Ubuntu lovers. Ubuntu 13.10 Final beta is already out a week before.
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If you have Ubuntu 13,04, 12,10 or 12.04 Precise Pangolin or older version of Ubuntu on your system, and want to upgrade to this new release? I know you wish. Just follow the simple steps below, you can easily upgrade from Ubuntu 13.04 to Ubuntu 13.10 Saucy both Desktop and as well as Server editions.
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**Important**: Before proceeding to upgrade, make a **full backup of your data** to an external device (USB stick or CD/DVD).
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**Desktop Upgrade
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1. Update the system before to upgrade**
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Before to upgrade, we need to update the system, press open up Terminal and enter the following commands.
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sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
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Now it is time to upgrade to new available version.
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sudo update-manager -d
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Software Updater will open up and will search for the new releases.
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After a few seconds You will see screen just like below that saying “**However, Ubuntu 13.10 is available now (you have 13.04)**”.
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Then click **Upgrade** to start.
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The Software Updater will ask you to confirm still you want to upgrade. Click **Start Upgrade** to begin installing Ubuntu 13.10.
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Now the Software Updater will fetch and install the files. It will take a while depending upon your Internet connection speed. Sit back and relax.
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After a while you’ll be asked to remove unnecessary applications.
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Finally click Restart to complete the upgrade.
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Now you have latest Ubuntu 13.10 distribution in your system.
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**Server Upgrade**
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To upgrade from Ubuntu 13.04 server to Ubuntu 13.10 server, do the following steps.
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Install the **update-manager-core** package if it is not already installed:
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sudo apt-get install update-manager-core
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Edit the file **/etc/update-manager/release-upgrades**,
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sudo nano /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades
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and set **Prompt=normal** as shown below.
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# Default behavior for the release upgrader.
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[DEFAULT]
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# Default prompting behavior, valid options:
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#
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# never - Never check for a new release.
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# normal - Check to see if a new release is available. If more than one new
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# release is found, the release upgrader will attempt to upgrade to
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# the release that immediately succeeds the currently-running
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# release.
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# lts- Check to see if a new LTS release is available. The upgrader
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# will attempt to upgrade to the first LTS release available after
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# the currently-running one. Note that this option should not be
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# used if the currently-running release is not itself an LTS
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# release, since in that case the upgrader won't be able to
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# determine if a newer release is available.
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Prompt=normal
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Now it is time to upgrade your server system to latest version using the following command:
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sudo do-release-upgrade -d
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Follow the on-screen instructions. You’re done!!.
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You successfully upgraded to Ubuntu 13.10, so what’s now? Check out our new article “**Top Things To Do After Installing Ubuntu 13.10**″. Now you’ll be able to get a full fledged perfect desktop. Cheers!!
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**Please Note: This is a beta release. I recommend you to do not install it on Production environment. The final stable version will be released on 17th, October 2013.**
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.unixmen.com/upgrade-ubuntu-13-04-raring-ubuntu-13-10-saucy-salamander/
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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104
sources/Manage Passwords Securely in Ubuntu with KeePassX.md
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sources/Manage Passwords Securely in Ubuntu with KeePassX.md
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Manage Passwords Securely in Ubuntu with KeePassX
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================================================================================
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**With security issues becoming more and more important, the emphasis on secure passwords (as well as other methods like multiple step authentication) has never been greater.**
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With that in mind I recently tried out several secure password managers to try and find something secure, but also easy to use and cross-platform.
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First, I went to [LastPass][1]. It’s probably the most known tool for managing your passwords, and since it’s based on the web, it’s the most **cross platform** of them all. However, I found the interface lacking, and the number of tools and options on offer was overwhelming.
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Next, I tried [KeePass 2][2]. While this is a perfectly capable app, very similar to the tool I’m going to talk about in a minute, it doesn’t provide official Linux packages, and the community ports, while serviceable, aren’t the nicest looking apps out there. So I tried other apps.
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My favourite of all those I tested was **KeePassX**. It started out as a Linux port of KeePass, but eventually evolved as its own app. It bests KeePass 2 with a nicer, more native looking interface.
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## Using KeePassX in Ubuntu ##
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Conveniently, KeePassX already has packages in Ubuntu available for installation.
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Install keepassx from the command line or **install it from the Software Centre**:
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- [Install KeePassX from the Ubuntu Software Centre][3]
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When you open it, you’ll see a blank window. Use the first button on the toolbar to create a new database. You can either protect it by using key files, or a password. You probably want a password which is quite easy to remember and type — you’ll be typing it in a lot, but on the other hand you don’t want anyone else accessing your database.
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Next, you need to save it somewhere. I saved mine in my Dropbox, so I can access it from multiple locations. Dropbox uses two factor authentication, so if anyone wants to get into my Dropbox to access this database, they’ll also need to have my phone, which makes the process secure enough.
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Alternatively, you can use other services like Google Drive and Skydrive which both use standard [Authenticator][4] apps, or Box which uses SMS for two factor authentication.
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Of course, if you’re **really** worried about your passwords, you probably won’t want to save it where other parties can theoretically access it.
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*The main screen of KeePassX in Ubuntu*
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Using the app is actually pretty straightforward. You can add groups, and into those groups you can add keys. KeePassX includes a handy password generator whenever you need to input a password. I tend to generate my passwords with all the basic characters and special characters selected as well, at 20 characters long, but that of course depends on what the website accepts.
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It’s important to note that some websites don’t always tell you how long a password they’ll accept, and opt to just put a limit on the input box. If your pasted in password doesn’t quite look long enough, it probably isn’t. It’s happened to me a few times.
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*KeePassX password generator*
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n my everyday usage of KeePassX, I’ve noticed a few things that should make using it a bit easier:
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**Copy & Paste Paranoia**
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You might be worried about the notion of copying and pasting passwords. It sure is more efficient than typing them out manually. By default, KeePassX clears the clipboard about a minute, but you can shrink this in the settings. You don’t need to be worried about someone else pasting the password and viewing it on your computer. You can also use a feature called AutoType, which types your password automatically, but this is a bit useless since for some reason it puts the password together with the username in the same field.
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**Database Dilemma**
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If you save the database in the cloud, don’t set the password to the cloud service to something completely random. It’s no good having the password to it saved inside the cloud if you can’t access the cloud. It might seem obvious, but it’s not something I originally realised.
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**SECURE ALL THE PASSWORDS**
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Whipping out your phone constantly while at work or school to access your most commonly used accounts can be a pain, so keep that in mind when settings passwords.
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## The future ##
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If you’ve looked into KeePass 2 and KeePassX previously, you might’ve noticed that they use different database formats.
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KeePass 2 uses a newer version of the format, which offers things like custom fields. Even though KeePassX is not yet ready for the newer .kdbx format, a new version of it is in development which supports this format.
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You can view the new version of KeePassX, with a vastly improved interface below. You can also download it to compile it yourself on [GitHub][6].
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*Main screen of KeePassX 2.0 *
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*Details of a single password*
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*Additional attributes of a single password *
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*Entry history, most likely replacing the ‘Backup’ folder from the previous version*
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*Settings in KeePassX 2.0 *
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## Other devices ##
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As I said in the beggining of my post, **I was looking for something cross platform**. This is a great advantage of the .kdb format — there are quite a few apps currently supporting it. KeePassX is also much easier to get running on Mac OS X than KeePass 2, and runs fine on Windows too.
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On Android I use [KeePassDroid][6], which works solidly both on my phone and tablet.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/10/manage-passwords-securely-keepassx
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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[1]:https://lastpass.com/
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[2]:http://keepass.info/index.html
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[3]:http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/keepassx
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[4]:https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.apps.authenticator2&hl=en
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[5]:https://github.com/keepassx/keepassx
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[6]:https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.android.keepass&hl=en_GB
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Mark Shuttleworth to attend and conduct keynote at OpenStack Summit in Hong Kong, November 5th - 8th 2013
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================================================================================
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By analyzing [Canonical][1], the inquirer is to observe several attributes, among which vision, bold goals and according-to actions, attributes that have gradually positioned Canonical at the top of the computing world, where it is leading a significant portion of innovation spanning across all relevant form factors and computing environments.
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Ubuntu,--the desktop--, is a massive success powering 30 million computers of users, companies and state departments seeking stability, speed, security and beauty, yet, the desktop is a part of the overall vigorous Canonical's movement through the layers and peaks of the IT world.
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In the cloud, Canonical has been deeply and actively involved in OpenStack's emergence as the most popular, solid and fast open cloud platform, Ubuntu being the reference operating system for OpenStack, platform where NASA, HP and the world's experts are collaborating in the maintenance of the versatile open collaborative cloud platform.
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Ubuntu is the [natural][2] operating system for companies and developers desiring to harness the power of OpenStack, Ubuntu offering numerous advantages and benefits: Ubuntu's and OpenStack's release schedules are synchronized, sync pushing the latest features of OpenStack as available under Ubuntu, Canonical delivers support,--products, services, etc--, related to an optimal OpenStack managing and handling, etc.
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**OpenStack Summit** is an interesting event where experts are meeting, in order to discuss, present and analyze multiple aspects of OpenStack, featuring interesting presentations, case studies, keynotes from innovation creators, as well as developer gatherings and workshops, etc, essentially, experts talking about the now's and the tomorrow's status of OpenStack and cloud computing.
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The next OpenStack Summit is to happen in **Hong Kong** during **November 5th - November 8th 2013**, event open for [registrations][3].
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Canonical will be solidly represented at the Hong Kong's OpenStack Summit by **Mark Shuttleworth**, who is to conduct a keynote, keynote centered in interoperability, presence further strengthening the Ubuntu-OpenStack bond, while revealing new details about upcoming innovative goals, plans and achievements of Canonical and Ubuntu.
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Full details, including discounts (to expire on October 26th), are available on [https://www.openstack.org/summit/hk][4]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://iloveubuntu.net/mark-shuttleworth-attend-and-conduct-keynote-openstack-summit-hong-kong-november-5th-8th-2013
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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[1]:http://www.canonical.com/
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[2]:http://www.ubuntu.com/cloud/tools/openstack
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[3]:https://www.eventbrite.com/event/6786581849/o21
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[4]:https://www.openstack.org/summit/hk
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Ubuntu Tweak 0.8.6 released with Ubuntu 13.10 support and improvements
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================================================================================
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Ubuntu Tweak is a powerful, advanced tweaking tool featuring a massive amount of functionalities and tweakable options, permitting an in-depth tweaking of the desktop via a clear, clean interface.
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Font sizes, GTK+ themes, Unity launcher, quicklist editor, kernel removals are among the abilities contained by Ubuntu Tweak, abilities covering the whole of the powerful Ubuntu desktop.
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[Ubuntu Tweak][1] **0.8.6** has been [released][2], bringing support for Ubuntu **13.10** and, therefore, allowing users to utilize the handy app under the upcoming Ubuntu 13.10.
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The newly-released 0.8.6 version comes with enhanced old-kernels handling,--allowing a more accurate removal of the unwanted kernels from one's system--, as well as with disabled `Application Center` and `Source Center`; navigating now to `Ubuntu Tweak-->Admins` the user is to notice the removal of `Application Center` and `Source Center`.
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The mentioned features, along with bug fixes and removed errors, are part of the newly-updated Ubuntu Tweak 0.8.6.
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How do we **install** Ubuntu Tweak 0.8.6?
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Add the following **official** PPA (Ubuntu 12.04, Ubuntu 12.10, Ubuntu 13.04, Ubuntu 13.10)
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sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://iloveubuntu.net/ubuntu-tweak-086-released-ubuntu-1310-support-and-improvements
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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[1]:https://launchpad.net/ubuntu-tweak
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[2]:http://blog.ubuntu-tweak.com/2013/10/13/ubuntu-tweak-0-8-6-released-for-13-10-saucy.html
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