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20150515-2 选题
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New to Linux? 5 Apps You Didn’t Know You Were Missing
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================================================================================
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When you moved to Linux, you went straight for the obvious browsers, cloud clients, music players, email clients, and perhaps image editors, right? As a result, you’ve missed several vital, productive tools. Here’s a roundup of five umissable Linux apps that you really need to install.
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### [Synergy][1] ###
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Synergy is a godsend if you use multiple desktops. It’s an open-source app that allows you to use a single mouse and keyboard across multiple computers, displays, and operating systems. Switching the mouse and keyboard functionality between the desktops is easy. Just move the mouse out the edge of one screen and into another.
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When you open Synergy for the first time, it will run you through the setup wizard. The primary desktop is the one whose input devices you’ll be sharing with the other desktops. Configure that as the server. Add the remaining computers as clients.
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Synergy maintains a common clipboard across all connected desktops. It also merges the lock screen setup, i.e. you need to bypass the lock screen just once to log in to all the computers together. Under **Edit > Settings**, you can make a few more tweaks such as adding a password and setting Synergy to launch on startup.
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### [BasKet Note Pads][2] ###
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Using BasKet Note Pads is somewhat like mapping your brain onto a computer. It helps make sense of all the ideas floating around in your head by allowing you to organize them in digestible chunks. You can use BasKet Note Pads for various tasks such as taking notes, creating idea maps and to-do lists, saving links, managing research, and keeping track of project data.
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Each main idea or project goes into a section called a basket. To split ideas further, you can have one or more sub-baskets or sibling baskets. The baskets are further broken down into notes, which hold all the bits and pieces of a project. You can group them, tag them, and filter them.
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The left pane in the application’s two-pane structure displays a tree-like view of all the baskets you have created.
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BasKet Note Pads might seem a little complex on day one, but you’ll get the hang of it soon. When you’re not using it, the app sits in the system tray, ready for quick access.
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Want a [simpler note-taking alternative][3] on Linux? Try [Springseed][4].
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### [Caffeine][5]###
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How do you ensure that your computer doesn’t go to sleep right in the middle of an [interesting movie][6]? Caffeine is the answer. No, you don’t need to brew a cup of coffee for your computer. You just need to install a lightweight indicator applet called Caffeine. It prevents the screen-saver, lock screen, or the Sleep mode from being activated when the computer is idle, only if the current window is in full-screen mode.
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To install the applet, [download its latest version][7]. If you want to go [the ppa way][8], here’s how you can:
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$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:caffeine-developers/ppa
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$ sudo apt-get update
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$ sudo apt-get install caffeine
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On Ubuntu versions 14.10 and 15.04 (and their derivatives), you’ll also need to install certain dependency packages:
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$ sudo apt-get install libappindicator3-1 gir1.2-appindicator3-0.1
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After finishing the installation, add **caffeine-indicator** to your list of startup applications to make the indicator appear in the system tray. You can turn Caffeine’s functionality on and off via the app’s context menu, which pops up when you right-click on the tray icon.
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### Easystroke ###
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Easystroke makes an excellent [Linux mouse hack][9]. Use it to set up a series of customized mouse/touchpad/pen gestures to simulate common actions such as keystrokes, commands, and scrolls. Setting up Easystroke gestures is straightforward enough, thanks to the clear instructions that appear at all the right moments when you’re navigating the UI.
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Begin by choosing the mouse button you’d like to use for performing gestures. Throw in a modifier if you like. You’ll find this setting under **Preferences > Behavior > Gesture Button**. Now head to the **Actions** tab and record strokes for your most commonly used actions.
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Using the **Preferences** and **Advanced** tabs, you can make other tweaks like setting Easystroke to autostart, adding a system tray icon, and changing scroll speed.
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### Guake ###
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I saved my favorite Linux find for last. Guake is a dropdown command line modeled after the one in the first-person shooter video game [Quake][10]. Whether you’re [learning about terminal commands][11] or executing them on a regular basis, Guake is a great way to keep the terminal handy. You can bring it up or hide it in a single keystroke.
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As you can see in the image below, when in action, Guake appears as an overlay on the current window. Right-click within the terminal to access the **Preferences** section, from where you can change Guake’s appearance, its scroll action, keyboard shortcuts, and more.
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If KDE is your [Linux desktop of choice][12], do check out [Yakuake][13], which provides a similar functionality.
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### Name Your Favorite Linux Discovery! ###
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There are many more [super useful Linux apps][14] waiting to be discovered. Rest assured that we’ll keep introducing you to them.
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Which Linux app were you happiest to learn about? Which one do you consider a must-have? Tell us in the comments.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/new-linux-5-apps-didnt-know-missing/
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作者：[Akshata][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/author/akshata/
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[1]:http://synergy-project.org/
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[2]:http://basket.kde.org/
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[3]:http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/try-these-3-beautiful-note-taking-apps-that-work-offline/
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[4]:http://getspringseed.com/
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[5]:https://launchpad.net/caffeine
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[6]:http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/popular-apps-movies-according-google/
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[7]:http://ppa.launchpad.net/caffeine-developers/ppa/ubuntu/pool/main/c/caffeine/
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[8]:http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/ubuntu-ppa-technology-explained/
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[9]:http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/4-astounding-linux-mouse-hacks/
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[10]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quake_%28video_game%29
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[11]:http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/4-ways-teach-terminal-commands-linux-si/
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[12]:http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/10-top-linux-desktop-environments-available/
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[13]:https://yakuake.kde.org/
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[14]:http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/linux-treasures-x-sublime-native-linux-apps-will-make-want-switch/
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This Ubuntu App Applies Instagram Style Filters to Your Photos
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================================================================================
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**Looking for an Ubuntu app to apply Instagram style filters to your photos in Ubuntu?**
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Grab your selfie stick and step this way…
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XnRetro is a photo editing app
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### XnRetro Photo Editor ###
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**XnRetro** is a simple image editing application that lets you quickly add “Instagram like” effects to your photos.
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You know the sort of effects I’m talking about: scratches, noises, and frames, over processing, vintage washes and nostalgic tints (because in this age of digital transience we must know that endless selfies and sandwich snaps are unlikely to ever become nostalgic of themselves).
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Whether you consider such effects to be of asinine artistic value or shortcut to being creative, these kinds of filters are popular and can help add a splash of personality to an otherwise so-so photo.
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#### XnRetro Features ####
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**XnRetro features the following:**
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- 20 color filters
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- 15 light effects (bokeh, leaks, etc)
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- 28 frames and borders
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- 5 Vignettes (with strength control)
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- Image adjustments for contrast, gamma, saturation, etc
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- Square crop option
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Small tweak to make light effects work
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You can save edited images (in theory) as .jpg or .png files and share them straight to social media from within the app.
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I say “in theory” because .jpg saving doesn’t actually work in the Linux version of the app (you can save edited images as .png files though). Similarly, most of the built-in social networking links are borked or just flat out fail on export.
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To get the **15 light leaks** to work you will need to re-save each .jpg image in XnRetro ‘light’ folder as a .png file. Edit the ‘light.xml’ to match the new file names, hit save and the light effects will load up in XnRetro without issue.
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> ‘For user-friendly image editing XnRetro is hard to beat — once you make it work.’
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**Is XnRetro Worth Installing?**
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XnRetro is not perfect. It’s is pretty old-looking, difficult to properly install and has not been updated for several years.
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It does still work, barring .jpg saving, and is a nimble alternative to an advanced app like The Gimp or Shotwell’s set of ‘serious’ image adjustment tools.
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While web apps and Chrome Apps¹ like [Pixlr Touch Up][1] and [Polarr][2] offer similar features you may be looking for a truly native solution.
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And for that, for user-friendly image editing based around easy-to-apply filters, XnRetro is hard to beat.
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### Download XnRetro for Ubuntu ###
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XnRetro is not available as an installable .deb package. It is distributed as a binary file, meaning you need to double-click on the program file run it each and every time. It’s also 32-bit only.
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You can download XnRetro using the link below. Once completed you need to extract the archive and enter the folder it creates. Double-click on the ‘xnretro’ program binary inside.
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- [Download XnRetro for Linux (32bit, tar.gz)][3]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2015/05/instagram-photo-filters-ubuntu-desktop-app
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作者：[Joey-Elijah Sneddon][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://plus.google.com/117485690627814051450/?rel=author
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[1]:http://www.omgchrome.com/?s=pixlr
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[2]:http://www.omgchrome.com/the-best-chrome-apps-of-2014/
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[3]:http://www.xnview.com/en/xnretro/#downloads
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Install ‘Tails 1.4′ Linux Operating System to Preserve Privacy and Anonymity
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================================================================================
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In this Internet world and the world of Internet we perform most of our task online be it Ticket booking, Money transfer, Studies, Business, Entertainment, Social Networking and what not. We spend a major part of our time online daily. It has been getting hard to remain anonymous with each passing day specially when backdoors are being planted by organizations like NSA (National Security Agency) who are putting their nose in between every thing that we come across online. We have least or no privacy online. All the searches are logged upon the basis of user Internet surfing activity and machine activity.
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A wonderful browser from Tor project is used by millions which help us surfing the web anonymously however it is not difficult to trace your browsing habits and hence tor alone is not the guarantee of your safety online. You may like to check Tor features and installation instructions here:
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- [Anonymous Web Browsing using Tor][1]
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There is a operating system named Tails by Tor Projects. Tails (The Amnesic Incognito Live System) is a live operating system, based on Debian Linux distribution, which mainly focused on preserving privacy and anonymity on the web while browsing internet, means all it’s outgoing connection are forced to pass through the Tor and direct (non-anonymous) requests are blocked. The system is designed to run from any boot-able media be it USB stick or DVD.
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The latest stable release of Tails OS is 1.4 which was released on May 12, 2015. Powered by open source Monolithic Linux Kernel and built on top of Debian GNU/Linux Tails aims at Personal Computer Market and includes GNOME 3 as default user Interface.
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#### Features of Tails OS 1.4 ####
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- Tails is a free operating system, free as in beer and free as in speech.
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- Built on top of Debian/GNU Linux. The most widely used OS that is Universal.
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- Security Focused Distribution.
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- Windows 8 camouflage.
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- Need not to be installed and browse Internet anonymously using Live Tails CD/DVD.
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- Leave no trace on the computer, while tails is running.
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- Advanced cryptographic tools used to encrypt everything that concerns viz., files, emails, etc.
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- Sends and Receive traffic through tor network.
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- In true sense it provides privacy for anyone, anywhere.
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- Comes with several applications ready to be used from Live Environment.
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- All the softwares comes per-configured to connect to INTERNET only through Tor network.
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- Any application that tries to connect to Internet without Tor Network is blocked, automatically.
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- Restricts someone who is watching what sites you visit and restricts sites to learn your geographical location.
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- Connect to websites that are blocked and/or censored.
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- Designed specially not to use space used by parent OS even when there is free swap space.
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- The whole OS loads on RAM and is flushed when we reboot/shutdown. Hence no trace of running.
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- Advanced security implementation by encrypting USB disk, HTTPS ans Encrypt and sign emails and documents.
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#### What can you expect in Tails 1.4 ####
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- Tor Browser 4.5 with a security Slider.
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- Tor Upgraded to version 0.2.6.7.
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- Several Security holes fixed.
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- Many of the bug fixed and patches applied to Applications like curl, OpenJDK 7, tor Network, openldap, etc.
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To get a complete list of change logs you may visit [HERE][2]
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**Note**: It is strongly recommended to upgrade to Tails 1.4, if you’re using any older version of Tails.
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#### Why should I use Tails Operating System ####
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You need Tails because you need:
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- Freedom from network surveillance
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- Defend freedom, privacy and confidentiality
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- Security aka traffic analysis
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This tutorial will walk through the installation of Tails 1.4 OS with a short review.
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### Tails 1.4 Installation Guide ###
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1. To download the latest Tails OS 1.4, you may use wget command to download directly.
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$ wget http://dl.amnesia.boum.org/tails/stable/tails-i386-1.4/tails-i386-1.4.iso
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Alternatively you may download Tails 1.4 Direct ISO image or use a Torrent Client to pull the iso image file for you. Here is the link to both downloads:
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- [tails-i386-1.4.iso][3]
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- [tails-i386-1.4.torrent][4]
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2. After downloading, verify ISO Integrity by matching SHA256 checksum with the SHA256SUM provided on the official website..
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$ sha256sum tails-i386-1.4.iso
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339c8712768c831e59c4b1523002b83ccb98a4fe62f6a221fee3a15e779ca65d
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If you are interested in knowing OpenPGP, checking Tails signing key against Debian keyring and anything related to Tails cryptographic signature, you may like to point your browser [HERE][5].
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3. Next you need to write the image to USB stick or DVD ROM. You may like to check the article, [How to Create Live Bootable USB][6] for details on how to make a flash drive bootable and write ISO to it.
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4. Insert the Tails OS Bootable flash drive or DVD ROM in the disk and boot from it (select from BIOS to boot). The first screen – two options to select from ‘Live‘ and ‘Live (failsafe)‘. Select ‘Live‘ and press Enter.
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Tails Boot Menu
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5. Just before login. You have two options. Click ‘More Options‘ if you want to configure and set advanced options else click ‘No‘.
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Tails Welcome Screen
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6. After clicking Advanced option, you need to setup root password. This is important if you want to upgrade it. This root password is valid till you shutdown/reboot the machine.
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Also you may enable Windows Camouflage, if you want to run this OS on a public place, so that it seems as you are running Windows 8 operating system. Good option indeed! Is not it? Also you have a option to configure Network and Mac Address. Click ‘Login‘ when done!.
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Tails OS Configuration
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7. This is Tails GNU/Linux OS camouflaged by Windows Skin.
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Tails Windows Look
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8. It will start Tor Network in the background. Check the Notification on the top-right corner of the screen – Tor is Ready / You are now connected to the Internet.
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Also check what it contains under Internet Menu. Notice – It has Tor Browser (safe) and Unsafe Web Browser (Where incoming and outgoing data don’t pass through TOR Network) along with other applications.
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Tails Menu and Tools
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9. Click Tor and check your IP Address. It confirms my physical location is not shared and my privacy is intact.
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Check Privacy on Tails
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10. You may Invoke Tails Installer to clone & Install, Clone & Upgrade and Upgrade from ISO.
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Tails Installer Options
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11. The other option was to select Tor without any advanced option, just before login (Check step #5 above).
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Tails Without Advance Option
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12. You will get log-in to Gnome3 Desktop Environment.
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Tails Gnome Desktop
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13. If you click to Launch Unsafe browser in Camouflage or without Camouflage, you will be notified.
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Tails Browsing Notification
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If you do, this is what you get in a Browser.
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Tails Browsing Alert
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#### Is Tails for me? ####
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To get the above question answered, first answer a few question.
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- Do you need your privacy to be intact while you are online?
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- Do you want to remain hidden from Identity thieves?
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- Do you want somebody to put your nose in between your private chat online?
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- Do you really want to show your geographical location to anybody there?
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- Do you carry out banking transactions online?
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- Are you happy with the censorship by government and ISP?
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If the answer to any of the above question is ‘YES‘ you preferably need Tails. If answer to all the above question is ‘NO‘ you perhaps don’t need it.
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To know more about Tails? Point your browser to user Documentation : [https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html][7]
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### Conclusion ###
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Tails is an OS which is must for those who work in an unsafe environment. An OS focused on security yet contains bundles of Application – Gnome Desktop, Tor, Firefox (Iceweasel), Network Manager, Pidgin, Claws mail, Liferea feed addregator, Gobby, Aircrack-ng, I2P.
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It also contain several tools for Encryption and Privacy Under the Hood, viz., LUKS, GNUPG, PWGen, Shamir’s Secret Sharing, Virtual Keyboard (against Hardware Keylogging), MAT, KeePassX Password Manager, etc.
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That’s all for now. Keep Connected to Tecmint. Share your thoughts on Tails GNU/Linux Operating System. What do you think about the future of the Project? Also test it Locally and let us know your experience.
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You may run it in [Virtualbox][8] as well. Remember Tails loads the whole OS in RAM hence give enough RAM to run Tails in VM.
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I tested in 1GB Environment and it worked without lagging. Thanks to all our readers for their Support. In making Tecmint a one place for all Linux related stuffs your co-operation is needed. Kudos!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/install-tails-1-4-linux-operating-system-to-preserve-privacy-and-anonymity/
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作者：[Avishek Kumar][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/tor-browser-for-anonymous-web-browsing/
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[2]:https://tails.boum.org/news/version_1.4/index.en.html
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[3]:http://dl.amnesia.boum.org/tails/stable/tails-i386-1.4/tails-i386-1.4.iso
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[4]:https://tails.boum.org/torrents/files/tails-i386-1.4.torrent
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[5]:https://tails.boum.org/download/index.en.html#verify
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[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-linux-from-usb-device/
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[7]:https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html
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[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-virtualbox-on-redhat-centos-fedora/
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