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LinuxBars翻译认领
Server Monitoring with Shinken on Ubuntu 16.04
=====
Shinken is an open source computer and network monitoring framework written in python and compatible with Nagios. Shinken can be used on all operating systems that can run python applications like Linux, Unix, and Windows. Shinken was written by Jean Gabes as proof of concept for a new Nagios architecture, but it was turned down by the Nagios author and became an independent network and system monitoring tool that stays compatible with Nagios.
In this tutorial, I will show you how to install Shinken from source and add a Linux host to the monitoring system. I will use Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial Xerus as the operating system for the Shinken server and monitored host.
### Step 1 - Install Shinken Server
Shinken is a python framework, we can install it with pip or install it from source. In this step, we will install Shinken from source.
There are some tasks that have to be completed before we start installing Shinken.
Install some new python packages and create Linux user with the name "shinken":
```
sudo apt-get install python-setuptools python-pip python-pycurl
useradd -m -s /bin/bash shinken
```
Download the Shinken source from GitHub repository:
```
git clone https://github.com/naparuba/shinken.git
cd shinken/
```
Then install Shinken with the command below:
```
git checkout 2.4.3
python setup.py install
```
Next, for better results, we need to install 'python-cherrypy3' from the ubuntu repository:
```
sudo apt-get install python-cherrypy3
```
Now Shinken is installed, next we add Shinken to start at boot time and start it:
```
update-rc.d shinken defaults
systemctl start shinken
```
### Step 2 - Install Shinken Webui2
Webui2 is the Shinken web interface available from shinken.io. The easiest way to install Sshinken webui2 is by using the shinken CLI command (which has to be executed as shinken user).
Login to the shinken user:
```
su - shinken
```
Initialize the shinken configuration file - The command will create a new configuration .shinken.ini:
```
shinken --init
```
And install webui2 with this shinken CLI command:
```
shinken install webui2
```
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/6.png)
Webui2 is installed, but we need to install MongoDB and another python package with pip. Run command below as root:
```
sudo apt-get install mongodb
pip install pymongo>=3.0.3 requests arrow bottle==0.12.8
```
Next, go to the shinken directory and add the new webui2 module by editing the 'broker-master.cfg' file:
```
cd /etc/shinken/brokers/
vim broker-master.cfg
```
Add a new option inside module on line 40:
```
modules webui2
```
Save the file and exit the editor.
Now go to the contacts directory and edit the file 'admin.cfg' for the admin configuration.
```
cd /etc/shinken/contacts/
vim admin.cfg
```
Change the values shown below:
```
contact_name admin # Username 'admin'
password yourpass # Pass 'mypass'
```
Save and exit.
### Step 3 - Install Nagios-plugins and Shinken Packages
In this step, we will install Nagios-plugins and some Perl module. Then install additional shinken packages from shinken.io to perform the monitoring.
Install Nagios-plugins and cpanminus which is required for building and installing the Perl modules:
```
sudo apt-get install nagios-plugins* cpanminus
```
Install these Perl modules with the cpanm command:
```
cpanm Net::SNMP
cpanm Time::HiRes
cpanm DBI
```
Now create new link for utils.pm file to shinken the directory and create a new directory for Log_File_Health:
```
chmod u+s /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_icmp
ln -s /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/utils.pm /var/lib/shinken/libexec/
mkdir -p /var/log/rhosts/
touch /var/log/rhosts/remote-hosts.log
```
Next, install the shinken packages ssh and linux-snmp for monitoring SSH and SNMP sources from shinken.io:
```
su - shinken
shinken install ssh
shinken install linux-snmp
```
### Step 4 - Add a New Linux Host/host-one
We will add a new Linux host that shall be monitored by using an Ubuntu 16.04 server with IP address 192.168.1.121 and hostname 'host-one'.
Connect to the Linux host-one:
```
ssh host1@192.168.1.121
```
Install the snmp and snmpd packages from the Ubuntu repository:
```
sudo apt-get install snmp snmpd
```
Next, edit the configuration file 'snmpd.conf' with vim:
```
vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
```
Comment line 15 and uncomment line 17:
```
#agentAddress udp:127.0.0.1:161
agentAddress udp:161,udp6:[::1]:161
```
Comment line 51 and 53, then add new line configuration below:
```
#rocommunity mypass default -V systemonly
#rocommunity6 mypass default -V systemonly
rocommunity mypass
```
Save and exit.
Now start the snmpd service with the systemctl command:
```
systemctl start snmpd
```
Go to the shinken server and define the new host by creating a new file in the 'hosts' directory.
```
cd /etc/shinken/hosts/
vim host-one.cfg
```
Paste configuration below:
```
define host{
use generic-host,linux-snmp,ssh
contact_groups admins
host_name host-one
address 192.168.1.121
_SNMPCOMMUNITY mypass # SNMP Pass Config on snmpd.conf
}
```
Save and exit.
Edit the SNMP configuration on the Shinken server:
```
vim /etc/shinken/resource.d/snmp.cfg
```
Change 'public' to 'mypass' - must be the same password that you used in the snmpd configuration file on the client host-one.
```
$SNMPCOMMUNITYREAD$=mypass
```
Save and exit.
Now reboot both servers - Shinken server and the monitored Linux host:
```
reboot
```
The new Linux host has been added successfully to the Shinken server.
### Step 5 - Access Shinken Webui2
Visit the Shinken webui2 on port 7677 (replace the IP in the URL with your IP):
```
http://192.168.1.120:7767
```
Log in with user admin and your password (the one that you have set in the admin.cfg configuration file).
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/1.png)
Shinken Dashboard in Webui2.
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/2.png)
Our 2 servers are monitored with Shinken.
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/3.png)
List all services that are monitored with linux-snmp.
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/4.png)
Status of all hosts and services.
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/5.png)
### Step 6 - Common Problems with Shinken
- Problems with the NTP server
When you get this error with NTP.
```
TimeSync - CRITICAL ( NTP CRITICAL: No response from the NTP server)
TimeSync - CRITICAL ( NTP CRITICAL: Offset unknown )
```
To solve this problem, install ntp on all Linux hosts.
```
sudo apt-get install ntp ntpdate
```
Edit the ntp configuration:
```
vim /etc/ntp.conf
```
Comment all the pools and replace it with:
```
#pool 0.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst
#pool 1.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst
#pool 2.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst
#pool 3.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst
pool 0.id.pool.ntp.org
pool 1.asia.pool.ntp.org
pool 0.asia.pool.ntp.org
```
Next, add a new line inside restrict:
```
# Local users may interrogate the ntp server more closely.
restrict 127.0.0.1
restrict 192.168.1.120 #shinken server IP address
restrict ::1
NOTE: 192.168.1.120 is the Shinken server IP address.
```
Save and exit.
Start ntp and check the Shinken dashboard:
```
ntpd
```
- Problem check_netint.pl Not Found
Download the source from the github repository to the shinken lib directory:
```
cd /var/lib/shinken/libexec/
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sysnove/shinken-plugins/master/check_netint.pl
chmod +x check_netint.pl
chown shinken:shinken check_netint.pl
```
- Problem with NetworkUsage
There is error message:
```
ERROR : Unknown interface eth\d+
```
Check your network interface and edit the linux-snmp template.
On my Ubuntu server, the network interface is 'enp0s8', not eth0, so I got this error.
Edit the linux-snmp template packs with vim:
```
vim /etc/shinken/packs/linux-snmp/templates.cfg
```
Add the network interface to line 24:
```
_NET_IFACES eth\d+|em\d+|enp0s8
```
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/
作者:[Muhammad Arul][a]
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/
Save and exit.

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Ubuntu 16.04上的服务器监控报警系统 Shinken
=====
Shinken 是一个用 python 实现的开源的主机和网络监视的Nagios like 的框架,他可以运行在所有支持 python 程序的操作系统上,比如说 LinuxUnix 和WindowsShinken 由 Jean Gabes 编写作为一个新的 Nagios 架构概念证明,但是这个想法被 Nagios 的作者拒绝而后成为了一个独立的类 Nagios 网络系统监视软件。
在这篇教程中,我将会描述如何源代码编译安装 Shinken 和向监视系统中添加一台 Linux 主机。我将会以 Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial Xerus 操作系统来作为 Shinken 服务器和监控端。
### 第一步-安装 Shinken 服务器
Shinken 是一个 python 框架,我们可以通过 pip 或者源码来安装他,在这一步中,我们将用源代码编译安装 Shinken。
在我们开始安装 Shinken 之前还需要完成几个步骤。
安装一些新的 python 软件包和创建 “shinken” 系统用户:
```
sudo apt-get install python-setuptools python-pip python-pycurl
useradd -m -s /bin/bash shinken
```
从 GitHub 仓库下载 Shinken 源代码:
```
git clone https://github.com/naparuba/shinken.git
cd shinken/
```
然后用以下命令安装 Shinken
```
git checkout 2.4.3
python setup.py install
```
然后,为了得到更好的效果,我们还需要在 Ubuntu 的软件库中安装 “python-cherrypy3“ 软件包:
```
sudo apt-get install python-cherrypy3
```
到这里Shinken 已经成功安装,接下来我们将 Shinken 添加到系统启动项并且启动他:
```
update-rc.d shinken defaults
systemctl start shinken
```
### 第二部-安装 Shinken Webui2
Webui2 是 Shinken 的 web 界面(在 shinken.io 可以找到)。最简单的安装 Sshinken webui2 的方法是使用shinken CLI 命令(必须作为 shinken 用户执行)。
切换到 shinken 用户:
```
su - shinken
```
初始化 shiken 配置文件-下面的命令将会创建一个新的配置文件 .shinken.ini
```
shinken --init
```
接下来用 shinken CLI 命令来安装 webui2
```
shinken install webui2
```
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/6.png)
到现在 webui2 已经被安装,但是我们还需要用 pip 来安装安装 MongoDB 和另一个 python 软件包。在 root 下运行如下命令:
```
sudo apt-get install mongodb
pip install pymongo>=3.0.3 requests arrow bottle==0.12.8
```
接下来,切换到 shinken 目录下并且通过编辑 broker-master.cfg 文件来添加这个新的 webui2 模块:
```
cd /etc/shinken/brokers/
vim broker-master.cfg
```
在第 40 行添加一个模块选项:
```
modules webui2
```
保存文件并且退出编辑器
现在进入 contacts 目录下编辑 admin.cfg 来进行管理配置。
```
cd /etc/shinken/contacts/
vim admin.cfg
```
按照如下修改:
```
contact_name admin # Username 'admin'
password yourpass # Pass 'mypass'
```
保存和退出。
### 第三步-安装 Nagios 插件和 Shinken 软件包
在这一步中,我们将安装 Nagios 插件和一些 perl 模块。然后从 shinken.io 安装其他的软件包来实现监视。
安装 Nagios 插件和安装 perl 模块所需要的 cpanminus
```
sudo apt-get install nagios-plugins* cpanminus
```
用 cpanm 命令来安装 perl 模块。
```
cpanm Net::SNMP
cpanm Time::HiRes
cpanm DBI
```
现在我们创建了一个到 shinken 的目录的链接并且为日志文件创建了一个新的目录。
```
chmod u+s /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_icmp
ln -s /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/utils.pm /var/lib/shinken/libexec/
mkdir -p /var/log/rhosts/
touch /var/log/rhosts/remote-hosts.log
```
然后,安装 shinken 软件包 ssh 和 linux-snmp 用来监视,从 shinken.io 来安装 SSH 和 SNMP
```
su - shinken
shinken install ssh
shinken install linux-snmp
```
### 第四步-添加一个 Linux 主机
我们将添加一个新的 Linux 主机,它将被一台 IP 地址为 192.168.1.121,主机名为 host-one 的 Ubuntu 16.04 服务器监控。
连接到 host-one 主机:
```
ssh host1@192.168.1.121
```
从 Ubuntu 软件库中安装 snmp 和snmpd 软件包:
```
sudo apt-get install snmp snmpd
```
然后,用 vim 编辑 snmpd.conf 配置文件:
```
vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
```
注释掉第 15 行和取消注释第 17 行:
```
#agentAddress udp:127.0.0.1:161
agentAddress udp:161,udp6:[::1]:161
```
注释掉第 51 和 53 行,然后添加如下配置:
```
#rocommunity mypass default -V systemonly
#rocommunity6 mypass default -V systemonly
rocommunity mypass
```
保存和退出。
现在启动用 systemctl 命令来启动 snmpd 服务:
```
systemctl start snmpd
```
通过在 hosts 文件夹下创建新的文件来定义一个新的主机:
```
cd /etc/shinken/hosts/
vim host-one.cfg
```
粘贴如下配置信息:
```
define host{
use generic-host,linux-snmp,ssh
contact_groups admins
host_name host-one
address 192.168.1.121
_SNMPCOMMUNITY mypass # SNMP Pass Config on snmpd.conf
}
```
保存和退出。
在 shinken 服务器上编辑 SNMP 配置文件。
```
vim /etc/shinken/resource.d/snmp.cfg
```
将 public 改为 mypass -必须和你在客户端 snmpd 配置文件中使用的密码相同:
```
$SNMPCOMMUNITYREAD$=mypass
```
保存和退出。
现在将服务端和客户端都重启:
```
reboot
```
现在 Linux 主机已经被成功地添加到 shinken 服务器中了。
### 第五步-访问 Shinken Webui2
访问 Shinken webui2 在端口 7677将 URL 中的 IP 替换成你自己的 IP 地址):
```
http://192.168.1.120:7767
```
用管理员用户和密码登陆(你在 admin.cfg 文件中设置的)
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/1.png)
Webui2 中的 Shinken 面板。
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/2.png)
我们的两个服务器正在被 Shinken 监控。
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/3.png)
列出所有被 linux-snmp 监控的服务。
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/4.png)
所有主机和服务的状态信息。
![](https://www.howtoforge.com/images/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/5.png)
### 第6步- Shinken 常见的问题
- NTP 服务器相关的问题
当你得到如下的 NTP 错误提示
```
TimeSync - CRITICAL ( NTP CRITICAL: No response from the NTP server)
TimeSync - CRITICAL ( NTP CRITICAL: Offset unknown )
```
为了解决这个问题,在所有 Linux 主机上安装 ntp
```
sudo apt-get install ntp ntpdate
```
编辑 ntp 配置文件:
```
vim /etc/ntp.conf
```
注释掉所有 pools 并替换为:
```
#pool 0.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst
#pool 1.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst
#pool 2.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst
#pool 3.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst
pool 0.id.pool.ntp.org
pool 1.asia.pool.ntp.org
pool 0.asia.pool.ntp.org
```
然后,在新的一行添加如下限制规则:
```
# Local users may interrogate the ntp server more closely.
restrict 127.0.0.1
restrict 192.168.1.120 #shinken server IP address
restrict ::1
NOTE: 192.168.1.120 is the Shinken server IP address.
```
保存和退出。
启动 ntp 并且检查 Shinken 面板。
```
ntpd
```
- check_netint.pl Not Found问题
从 github 仓库下载源代码到 shinken 的库目录下:
```
cd /var/lib/shinken/libexec/
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sysnove/shinken-plugins/master/check_netint.pl
chmod +x check_netint.pl
chown shinken:shinken check_netint.pl
```
- 网路占用率的问题
这是错误信息:
```
ERROR : Unknown interface eth\d+
```
检查你的网络接口并且编辑 linux-snmp模版。
在我的 Ununtu 服务器,网卡是 “enp0s8”而不是 eth0所以我遇到了这个错误。
vim 编辑 linux-snmp 模版:
```
vim /etc/shinken/packs/linux-snmp/templates.cfg
```
在第 24 行添加网络接口信息:
```
_NET_IFACES eth\d+|em\d+|enp0s8
```
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/
作者:[Muhammad Arul][a]
译者:[LinuxBars](https://github.com/LinuxBars)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/server-monitoring-with-shinken-on-ubuntu-16-04/
Save and exit.