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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "MjSeven"
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
[#]: subject: "Ansible Automation Tool Installation, Configuration and Quick Start Guide"
[#]: via: "https://www.2daygeek.com/install-configure-ansible-automation-tool-linux-quick-start-guide/"
[#]: author: "Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/"
Ansible Automation Tool Installation, Configuration and Quick Start Guide
======
There are many automation tools on the market.
I can name a few of them, and they are widely used by many organizations, such as Puppet, Chef, CFEngine, Foreman, Katello, Saltstock, Space Walk.
### What Automation Tool Does?
Automation tools make the life of a Linux administrator much easier by automating routine tasks without human intervention.
These tools allow users to perform configuration management, application deployment and provisioning.
### Why do you like Ansible?
Ansible is an agent-less automation tool that uses SSH to perform all tasks, but others require agents on client nodes.
### What is Ansible?
Ansible is an open source, easy-to-use, powerful IT automation tool that performs tasks on client nodes over SSH.
It is built in Python and is one of the most popular and robust programming languages in the world today’s.
The Python package is required on both ends to perform all the modules.
It can configure systems, deploy software, and schedule advanced IT tasks such as continuous deployment or zero downtime rolling updates.
You can easily perform any kind of automation tasks with simple and complex tasks through Ansible.
Before you get started, you need to understand some of the Ansible terminology that helps you to make a task easier.
### How Ansible Works?
Ansible works by pushing small programs known as ansible modules on the client nodes, and these modules are temporarily stored in the client nodes, which are used to communicate with the Ansible server via a JSON protocol.
Ansible runs these modules via SSH and remove them when finished.
Modules are nothing but scripts written in Python, Perl, etc,.
![][1]
The control node, which controls the entire functionality of the playbook, including client nodes (hosts).
* **Control node:** The host you use Ansible to execute tasks on managed nodes. You can have multiple control nodes, but you cannot use a Windows machine as a control node.
* **Managed nodes:** List of hosts configured by the control node
* **Inventory:** A list of hosts managed by the control nodes, these nodes are configured in the **“/etc/ansible/hosts”** file. It contains information about each node, such as an IP address or its hostname, and these nodes can be grouped as needed.
* **Modules:** Each module is used to perform a specific task, which currently supports 3387 modules.
* **ad-hoc:** It allows you to run one task at a time (it uses the **/usr/bin/ansible** binary).
* **Tasks:** There is a list of tasks in each play. Tasks are executed in order, one at a time in the managed nodes.
* **Playbooks:** You can perform multiple tasks simultaneously using playbooks, whereas you can only perform one task using an ad-hoc command. Playbooks are written in YAML and are easy to read (which uses the **/usr/bin/ansible-playbook** binary). In the future we will create an article about playbooks that you can use to perform complex tasks.
### Testing Environment:
This environment contains one control node (**server.2g.lab**) and three managed nodes (**node1.2g.lab, node2.2g.lab, node3.2g.lab**), all running in the virtual environment with the following operating systems.
```
+----------------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+
| System Purpose | Hostname | IP Address | OS |
+----------------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+
|Ansible Control Node | server.2g.lab | 192.168.1.7 | Manjaro 18 |
|Managed Node1 | node1.2g.lab | 192.168.1.6 | CentOS7 |
|Managed Node2 | node2.2g.lab | 192.168.1.5 | CentOS8 |
|Managed Node3 | node3.2g.lab | 192.168.1.9 | Ubuntu 18.04 |
|User: daygeek |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
```
### Prerequisites:
* Enable password-less authentication between Ansible control node and managed nodes.
* The control node must be Python 2 (version 2.7) or Python 3 (versions 3.5 and higher).
* The managed node must be Python 2 (version 2.6 or later) or Python 3 (version 3.5 or later).
* If you have SELinux enabled on remote nodes, you will also want to install **libselinux-python** on them before using any copy/file/template related functions in Ansible.
### How to Install the Ansible on Control Node
The Ansible package is available in the distribution official repository, so you can easily install it.
For **“Fedora/RHEL 8/CentOS 8”** system, use the **[DNF Command][2]** to install ansible.
Make a note: You need to enable the **[EPEL repository][3]** on RHEL/CentOS systems because the Ansible package is not available in the distribution official repository.
```
$ sudo dnf install ansible
```
For **“Debian/Ubuntu”** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][4]** or **[APT Command][5]** to install ansible.
Configure the blow PPA to install the latest stable version of ansible on Ubuntu.
```
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install software-properties-common
$ sudo apt-add-repository --yes --update ppa:ansible/ansible
$ sudo apt install ansible
```
For Debian system, configure the blow source list:
```
$ echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu trusty main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ansible.list
$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 93C4A3FD7BB9C367
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install ansible
```
For **“Arch Linux”** based systems, use **[Pacman Command][6]** to install ansible.
```
$ sudo pacman -S ansible
```
For **“RHEL/CentOS”** systems, use **[YUM Command][7]** to install ansible.
```
$ sudo yum install ansible
```
For **“openSUSE”** system, use **[Zypper Command][8]** to install ansible.
```
$ sudo zypper install ansible
```
Alternatively, you can install it using the **[PIP Python package manager][9]**
```
$ curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
$ sudo python get-pip.py
$ sudo pip install ansible
```
Check the version of Ansible installed on the control node as follows:
```
$ ansible --version
ansible 2.9.2
config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
configured module search path = ['/home/daygeek/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ansible
executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
python version = 3.8.1 (default, Jan 8 2020, 23:09:20) [GCC 9.2.0]
```
### How to Install Python Package on Managed Nodes
Use the following command to install the python package on managed nodes.
```
$ sudo yum install -y python
$ sudo dnf install -y python
$ sudo zypper install -y python
$ sudo pacman -S python
$ sudo apt install -y python
```
### How to Setup SSH key authentication (Password-less Authentication) on Linux
Use the following command to create an ssh key, and then copy them to remote machines.
```
$ ssh-keygen
$ ssh-copy-id [email protected]
$ ssh-copy-id [email protected]
$ ssh-copy-id [email protected]
```
Refer the following article to **[setup SSH key authentication (Password-less Authentication) on Linux][10]**
### How to Create Ansible Inventory
Add the list of nodes you want to manage in the **“/etc/ansible/hosts”** file. If you do not find an existing one you can create a new file. This is a sample inventory file for my test environment.
```
$ sudo vi /etc/ansible/hosts
[web]
node1.2g.lab
node2.2g.lab
[app]
node3.2g.lab
```
Let’s see if we can find all hosts using the following command.
```
$ ansible all --list-hosts
hosts (3):
node1.2g.lab
node2.2g.lab
node3.2g.lab
```
Run the below command for individual groups.
```
$ ansible web --list-hosts
hosts (2):
node1.2g.lab
node2.2g.lab
```
### How to Perform a Task Using the ad-hoc Command
Once the host inventory validation check is done, you are ready to drive a car. Here you go..!
**Syntax:**
```
ansible [pattern] -m [module] -a "[module options]"
Details:
========
ansible: A command
pattern: Enter the entire inventory or a specific group
-m [module]: Run the given module name
-a [module options]: Specify the module arguments
```
Use the Ping module to ping all nodes in your inventory:
```
$ ansible all -m ping
node3.2g.lab | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
node1.2g.lab | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
node2.2g.lab | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
```
All systems have given a successful result, nothing has changed, and return `pong’ on success.
You can get a list of available modules using the following command.
```
$ ansible-doc -l
```
Currently supports 3387 built-in modules, which will grow with each Ansible release:
```
$ ansible-doc -l | wc -l
3387
```
Use the command module to execute commands against all nodes in your inventory:
```
$ ansible all -m command -a "uptime"
node3.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
18:05:07 up 1:21, 3 users, load average: 0.12, 0.06, 0.01
node1.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
06:35:06 up 1:21, 4 users, load average: 0.01, 0.03, 0.05
node2.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
18:05:07 up 1:25, 3 users, load average: 0.01, 0.01, 0.00
```
Execute the command module for a specific group.
To check the memory usage for the **“app”** group.
```
$ ansible app -m command -a "free -m"
node3.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1993 1065 91 6 836 748
Swap: 1425 0 1424
```
To run the hostnamectl command against the **“web”** group, use the following format.
```
$ ansible web -m command -a "hostnamectl"
node1.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Static hostname: CentOS7.2daygeek.com
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: 002f47b82af248f5be1d67b67e03514c
Boot ID: dc38f9b8089d4b2d9304e526e00c6a8f
Virtualization: kvm
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
node2.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Static hostname: node2.2g.lab
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: e39e3a27005d44d8bcbfcab201480b45
Boot ID: 27b46a09dde546da95ace03420fe12cb
Virtualization: oracle
Operating System: CentOS Linux 8 (Core)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:8
Kernel: Linux 4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
```
**Reference:** [Ansible Docs][11]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-configure-ansible-automation-tool-linux-quick-start-guide/
作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-centos-rhel-systems/
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-enable-epel-repository-on-rhel-centos-oracle-linux/
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
[8]: https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/
[9]: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-pip-manage-python-packages-linux/
[10]: https://www.2daygeek.com/configure-setup-passwordless-ssh-key-based-authentication-linux/
[11]: https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/user_guide/index.html

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@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "MjSeven"
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
[#]: subject: "Ansible Automation Tool Installation, Configuration and Quick Start Guide"
[#]: via: "https://www.2daygeek.com/install-configure-ansible-automation-tool-linux-quick-start-guide/"
[#]: author: "Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/"
Ansible 自动化工具安装、配置和快速入门指南
======
市场上有很多自动化工具。
我可以举几个例子，例如 Puppet、Chef、CFEngine、Foreman、Katello、Saltstock、Space Walk，它们被许多组织广泛使用。
### 自动化工具可以做什么？
自动化工具可以自动执行例行任务，无需人工干预，从而使 Linux 管理员的工作变得更加轻松。
这些工具允许用户执行配置管理，应用程序部署和资源调配。
### 为什么喜欢 Ansible?
Ansible 是一种无代理的自动化工具，使用 SSH 执行所有任务，但其它工具需要客户端节点上的代理。
### 什么是 Ansible?
Ansible 是一个开源、易于使用的功能强大的 IT 自动化工具，通过 SSH 在客户端节点上执行任务。
它是用 Python 构建的，是当今世界上最流行、最强大的编程语言之一。
两端都需要使用 Python 才能执行所有模块。
它可以配置系统、部署软件和安排高级 IT 任务，例如连续部署或零停机滚动更新。
你可以通过 Ansible 轻松执行任何类型的自动化任务，包括简单和复杂的任务。
在开始之前，你需要了解一些 Ansible 术语，这些术语可以帮助你更好的创建任务。
### Ansible 如何工作？
Ansible 通过在客户端节点上推送称为 ansible 模块的小程序来工作，这些模块临时存储在客户端节点中，通过 JSON 协议与 Ansible 服务器进行通信。
Ansible 通过 SSH 运行这些模块，并在完成后将其删除。
模块是用 Python 或 Perl 等编写的一些脚本。
![][1]
控制节点，用于控制剧本的全部功能，包括客户端节点（主机）。
* **控制节点:** 使用 Ansible 在受控节点上执行任务的主机。你可以有多个控制节点，但不能使用 Windows 系统主机当作控制节点。
* **受控节点:** 控制节点配置的主机列表。
* **Inventory:** 控制节点管理的一个主机列表，这些节点在 **"/etc/ansible/hosts"** 文件中配置。它包含每个节点的信息，比如 IP 地址或其主机名，还可以根据需要对这些节点进行分组。
* **模块:** 每个模块用于执行特定任务，目前有 3387 个模块。
* **ad-hoc:** 它允许你一次运行一个任务，它使用 **/usr/bin/ansible** 二进制文件。
* **任务:** 每个剧本都有一个任务列表。任务按顺序执行，在受控节点中一次执行一个任务。
* **剧本:** 你可以使用剧本同时执行多个任务，而使用 ad-hoc 只能执行一个任务。剧本使用 YAML 编写，易于阅读。将来，我们将会写一篇有关剧本的文章，你可以用它来执行复杂的任务。
### 测试环境：
此环境包含一个控制节点（**server.2g.lab**）和三个受控节点（**node1.2g.lab, node2.2g.lab, node3.2g.lab**），它们均在虚拟环境中运行，操作系统分别为：
```bash
+---------------------- +---------------+------------- +---------------+
| System Purpose | Hostname | IP Address | OS |
+---------------------- +---------------+------------- +---------------+
|Ansible Control Node | server.2g.lab | 192.168.1.7 | Manjaro 18 |
|Managed Node1 | node1.2g.lab | 192.168.1.6 | CentOS7 |
|Managed Node2 | node2.2g.lab | 192.168.1.5 | CentOS8 |
|Managed Node3 | node3.2g.lab | 192.168.1.9 | Ubuntu 18.04 |
|User: daygeek |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
```
### 前置条件：
* 在 Ansible 控制节点和受控节点之间启用无密码身份验证。
* 控制节点必须是 Python 2(2.7 版本) 或 Python 3(3.5 或更高版本)。
* 受控节点必须是 Python 2(2.6 或更高版本) 或 Python 3(3.5 或更高版本)。
* 如果在远程节点上启用了 SELinux，则在 Ansible 中使用任何与复制、文件、模板相关的功能之前，还需要在它们上安装 **libselinux-python**。
### 如何在控制节点上安装 Ansible
对于 **"Fedora/RHEL 8/CentOS 8"** 系统，使用 **[DNF 命令][2]** 来安装 ansible。
注意：你需要在 RHEL/CentOS 系统上启用 **[EPEL 仓库][3]**，因为 Ansible 软件包在发行版官方仓库中不可用。
```bash
$ sudo dnf install ansible
```
对于**“Debian/Ubuntu”**系统，使用 **[APT-GET 命令][4]** 或 **[APT 命令][5]** 来安装 ansible。
配置下面的 PPA 以便在 Ubuntu 上安装最新稳定版本的 ansible。
```bash
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install software-properties-common
$ sudo apt-add-repository --yes --update ppa:ansible/ansible
$ sudo apt install ansible
```
对于 Debian 系统，配置以下源列表：
```bash
$ echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu trusty main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ansible.list
$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 93C4A3FD7BB9C367
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install ansible
```
对于**“Arch Linux”**系统，使用 **[Pacman 命令][6]** 来安装 ansible：
```bash
$ sudo pacman -S ansible
```
对于**“RHEL/CentOS”**系统, 使用 **[YUM 命令][7]** 来安装 ansible：
```bash
$ sudo yum install ansible
```
对于**“openSUSE”**系统，使用 **[Zypper 命令][8]** 来安装 ansible：
```bash
$ sudo zypper install ansible
```
或者，你可以使用 **[Python PIP 包管理工具][9]** 来安装：
```bash
$ curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
$ sudo python get-pip.py
$ sudo pip install ansible
```
在控制节点上检查安装的 Ansible 版本：
```bash
$ ansible --version
ansible 2.9.2
config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
configured module search path = ['/home/daygeek/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ansible
executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
python version = 3.8.1 (default, Jan 8 2020, 23:09:20) [GCC 9.2.0]
```
### 如何在受控节点上安装 Python？
使用以下命令在受控节点上安装 python：
```bash
$ sudo yum install -y python
$ sudo dnf install -y python
$ sudo zypper install -y python
$ sudo pacman -S python
$ sudo apt install -y python
```
### 如何在 Linux 设置 SSH 密钥身份验证（无密码身份验证）
使用以下命令创建 ssh 密钥，然后将其复制到远程计算机。
```bash
$ ssh-keygen
$ ssh-copy-id [email protected]
$ ssh-copy-id [email protected]
$ ssh-copy-id [email protected]
```
具体参考这篇文章 **[在 Linux 上设置 SSH 密钥身份验证（无密码身份验证）][10]**
### 如何创建 Ansible 主机清单
在 **"/etc/ansible/hosts"** 文件中添加要管理的节点列表。如果找不到文件，则可以创建一个新文件。以下是我的测试环境的主机清单文件。
```bash
$ sudo vi /etc/ansible/hosts
[web]
node1.2g.lab
node2.2g.lab
[app]
node3.2g.lab
```
让我们看看是否可以使用以下命令查找所有主机。
```bash
$ ansible all --list-hosts
hosts (3):
node1.2g.lab
node2.2g.lab
node3.2g.lab
```
对单个组运行以下命令：
```bash
$ ansible web --list-hosts
hosts (2):
node1.2g.lab
node2.2g.lab
```
### 如何使用 ad-hoc 命令执行任务
一旦完成主机清单验证检查后，你就可以上路了。干的漂亮！
**语法:**
```bash
ansible [pattern] -m [module] -a "[module options]"
Details:
========
ansible: A command
pattern: Enter the entire inventory or a specific group
-m [module]: Run the given module name
-a [module options]: Specify the module arguments
```
使用 Ping 模块对主机清单中的所有节点执行 ping 操作：
```bash
$ ansible all -m ping
node3.2g.lab | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
node1.2g.lab | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
node2.2g.lab | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
```
所有系统都返回了成功，但什么都没有改变，只返回了 `pong` 代表成功。
你可以使用以下命令获取可用模块的列表。
```bash
$ ansible-doc -l
```
当前有 3387 个内置模块，它们会随着 Ansible 版本的递增而增加：
```bash
$ ansible-doc -l | wc -l
3387
```
使用 command 模块对主机清单中的所有节点执行命令：
```bash
$ ansible all -m command -a "uptime"
node3.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
18:05:07 up 1:21, 3 users, load average: 0.12, 0.06, 0.01
node1.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
06:35:06 up 1:21, 4 users, load average: 0.01, 0.03, 0.05
node2.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
18:05:07 up 1:25, 3 users, load average: 0.01, 0.01, 0.00
```
对指定组执行 command 模块。
检查**“app”**组主机的内存使用情况：
```bash
$ ansible app -m command -a "free -m"
node3.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1993 1065 91 6 836 748
Swap: 1425 0 1424
```
要对 **"web"** 组运行 hostnamectl 命令，使用以下格式：
```bash
$ ansible web -m command -a "hostnamectl"
node1.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Static hostname: CentOS7.2daygeek.com
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: 002f47b82af248f5be1d67b67e03514c
Boot ID: dc38f9b8089d4b2d9304e526e00c6a8f
Virtualization: kvm
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
node2.2g.lab | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Static hostname: node2.2g.lab
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: e39e3a27005d44d8bcbfcab201480b45
Boot ID: 27b46a09dde546da95ace03420fe12cb
Virtualization: oracle
Operating System: CentOS Linux 8 (Core)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:8
Kernel: Linux 4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
```
**参考：** [Ansible 文档][11]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-configure-ansible-automation-tool-linux-quick-start-guide/
作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[MjSeven](https://github.com/MjSeven)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-centos-rhel-systems/
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-enable-epel-repository-on-rhel-centos-oracle-linux/
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
[8]: https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/
[9]: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-pip-manage-python-packages-linux/
[10]: https://www.2daygeek.com/configure-setup-passwordless-ssh-key-based-authentication-linux/
[11]: https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/user_guide/index.html