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https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2025-01-28 23:20:10 +08:00
joeren
commit
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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10款适合Linux用户使用的数据库！
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10款适合Linux用户使用的数据库管理工具！
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================================================================================
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从内容管理系统到简单的表格，数据库是每一个开发项目的一部分。这就是为什么开发者们如此强调使用正确类型的数据库工具。下面这些可能对您有所帮助！
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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
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#### 1. [Autotabla][1] ####
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Autotabla是一个对你的程序以CGI Web为界面的SQL表。只需要提供你架构的XML描述，你就可以创建/修改/删除记录。 HTML输出通过CSS完全自定义。通过Perl/DBI保证数据库的独立性。
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Autotabla是一个你的程序的SQL数据表的CGI管理界面。只需要提供你数据库架构的XML描述，你就可以创建/修改/删除数据库记录。 HTML输出可以通过CSS完全自定义。使用Perl/DBI模块而支持各种数据库。
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#### 2. [Cruddy!][2] ####
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@ -14,15 +14,15 @@ Cruddy！是一个以CGI::CRUD为框架的应用程序，它为你的数据库
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#### 3. [myPhile][3] ####
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这是一个可定制通用前端的MySQL表。
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这是一个可定制的MySQL表的通用管理界面。
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#### 4. [NG-Admin][4] ####
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这是一个内容管理工具的数据库。
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这是一个数据库内容的管理工具。
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#### 5. [phpMoAdmin][5] ####
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这是一个PHP语言的MongoDB管理工具。
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这是一个PHP写的MongoDB管理工具。
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#### 6. [phpMSAdmin][6] ####
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@ -30,17 +30,17 @@ phpMSAdmin是用PHP编写的工具，它允许您通过Web浏览器管理一个
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#### 7. [RockMongo][7] ####
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RockMongo，一个MongoDB的管理工具，在PHP5中实现，最好是在PHP中使用，更多的，像phpMyAdmin。
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RockMongo，一个MongoDB的管理工具，在PHP5中实现，类似phpMyAdmin。
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#### 8. [WizMySQLAdmin][8] ####
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WizMySQLAdmin就像是最有名的phpMyAdmin的MySQL数据库管理器，但它非常易于安装和维护。它只由一个文件组成，并支持多种数据库和表的创建和处理。
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WizMySQLAdmin类似最有名的MySQL数据库管理器phpMyAdmin，但它非常易于安装和维护。它只由一个文件组成，并支持多种数据库和表的创建和处理。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.efytimes.com/e1/fullnews.asp?edid=138307
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译者：[乌龙茶](https://github.com/yechuxiao19) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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译者：[乌龙茶](https://github.com/yechuxiao19) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
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Linux script命令—— 终端里的记录器
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Linux script命令 —— 终端里的记录器
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================================================================================
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当你在终端或者控制台工作时，你可能想要记录在终端中所做的一切。这些记录可以用来当作史料，保存终端所发生的一切。比如说，你和一些Linux管理员们同时管理着相同的机器，或者你让某人远程登陆到了你的服务器上，你可能想要终端里发生的一切。要实现这个目标，你可以使用script命令。
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当你在终端或者控制台工作时，你可能想要记录在终端中所做的一切。这些记录可以用来当作史料，保存终端所发生的一切。比如说，你和一些Linux管理员们同时管理着相同的机器，或者你让某人远程登陆到了你的服务器上，你可能记录想要终端里发生的一切。要实现这个目标，你可以使用script命令。
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### script是什么 ###
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scirpt就是一个命令，可以把打字稿打印到终端。对于那些想要记录终端会话的硬拷贝的人来说，这很有用。该记录可以保存并在以后再打印出来。
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scirpt就是一个命令，可以制作一份记录输出到终端的记录。对于那些想要真实记录终端会话的人来说，这很有用。该记录可以保存并在以后再打印出来。
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### 怎么用 ###
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@ -21,23 +21,26 @@ scirpt就是一个命令，可以把打字稿打印到终端。对于那些想
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当你再次见到命令提示符，这意味着终端将记录打印到终端的任何东西。
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你会看到当前目录，有个名为typescript的文件。
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你会看到当前目录，有个名为myscript的文件。（LCTT译注，此处原文有误。这里指定了记录文件名为myfile，而不是默认的 typescript。）
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### 为什么我们要用script命令 ###
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因为在之前已经提到过，script命令的主要功能是记录所有的东西。下面给出了两个使用该命令的环境。
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因为在之前已经提到过，script命令的主要功能是记录所有的东西。下面给出了两个使用该命令的场景。
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#### 和同事共事时 ####
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当和同事一起工作时，我们可以通过script来记录大家的活动。
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当和同事一起工作时，我们可以通过script来记录你的活动。
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比如，我们会使用名为**collaborate**的打印文件，来完成打印：
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$ script collaborate
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然后，在完成一些任务后，试想一下你需要把你干的活发给另外一个工程师，那就把那文件发给他。所以当另外一个工程师需要复查所做的事情，他只要用文本编辑器打开这个文件就行了。
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如果他想要更新该文件，可以使用**-a**选项。
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然后，在完成一些任务后，假如你需要把你干的活发给另外一个工程师，那就把那文件发给他。所以当另外一个工程师需要复查所做的事情，他只要用文本编辑器打开这个文件就行了。
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如果他想要更新该文件（以增加他的工作部分），可以使用**-a**选项。
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$ script -a collaborate
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@ -78,6 +81,6 @@ Script命令在你需要记录或者存档终端活动时可能很有用，记
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via: http://linoxide.com/linux-command/script-command-recorder/
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译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
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CNprober<travelwithheart@yeah.net, QQ619913541> 翻译完成
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Bash Getopts - 让你的脚本支持命令行参数
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================================================================================
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@ -152,7 +150,7 @@ Bash Getopts - 让你的脚本支持命令行参数
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via: http://tuxtweaks.com/2014/05/bash-getopts/
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||||
译者：[daisy_love_daisy](https://github.com/CNprober) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
译者： CNprober \<travelwithheart@yeah.net, QQ619913541\> 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
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@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
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如何使用命令行实时监控 Nginx 网站服务器
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ngxtop：在命令行实时监控 Nginx 的神器
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================================================================================
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Nginx网站服务器在生产环境中[运行][1]的时候需要进行实时监控。实际上，诸如[Nagios][2], Zabbix, Munin 的网络监控软件是支持 Nginx 监控的。
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如果你不需要以上软件提供的综合性报告或者长期数据统计功能，只是需要一种快速简便的办法去监控 Nginx 服务器的请求的话，我建议你采用一个叫 [ngxtop][3] 的命令行工具。
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你马上就会发现 ngxtop 从界面和名称都借鉴了著名的top命令。ngxtop 是通过分析 Nginx 或者其他的日志文件，使用类似 top 命令的界面实时展示出来的。你可以说你知道的其他高端监控工具，但是在简洁这方面 ngxtop 无疑是最好的。简单是不是就意味着不可替代。
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你马上就会发现 ngxtop 从界面和名称都借鉴了著名的top命令。ngxtop 是通过分析 Nginx 或者其他的日志文件，使用类似 top 命令的界面实时展示出来的。你可以说你知道的其他高端监控工具，但是在简洁这方面 ngxtop 无疑是最好的。简单就意味着不可替代。
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本指南中，我将介绍如何使用 ngxtop 实时监控 Nginx 网站服务器。
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### Linux 上安装 ngxtop ###
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首先在 Linux 系统中安装依赖库[pip][4]。
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首先在 Linux 系统中安装依赖库[pip][4]（LCTT译注：ngxtop是用python编写的）。
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然后使用如下命令安装 ngxtop。
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@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ Nginx网站服务器在生产环境中[运行][1]的时候需要进行实时监
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这里是一些通用选项。
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- **-l <file>**: 日志文件的完整路径 (Nginx 或 Apache2)
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- **-l <file>**: 指定日志文件的完整路径 (Nginx 或 Apache2)
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- **-f <format>**: 日志格式
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- **--no-follow**: 处理当前日志文件的快照，而不是实时处理日志文件
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- **--no-follow**: 处理当前已经写入的日志文件，而不是实时处理新添加到日志文件的日志
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- **-t <seconds>**: 更新频率
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- **-n <number>**: 命令显示行数
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- **-o <var>**: 排序规则(默认 行数)
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- **-n <number>**: 显示行号
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- **-o <var>**: 排序规则(默认是访问计数)
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- **-a <exp> ..., --a <exp> ...**: 添加表达式(一般是聚合表达式如： sum, avg, min, max 等)到输出中。
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- **-v**: 输出详细信息
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- **-i <filter-expression>**: 只处理符合规则的记录
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@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ ngxtop 默认会从其配置文件 (/etc/nginx/nginx.conf) 中查找 Nginx 日
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via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/06/monitor-nginx-web-server-command-line-real-time.html
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译者：[shipsw](https://github.com/shipsw) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
译者：[shipsw](https://github.com/shipsw) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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如何从Linux命令行截屏
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如何从Linux命令行截屏
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================================================================================
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Linux上有着许多不同口味儿的截屏工具，包括桌面环境专用的截屏程序（如： KSnapshot for KDE，gnome-screenshot for GNOM，Screenshooter for Xfce），或者是通用的截屏程序（如 Shutter）。而Scort（"SCReen shOT"的缩写）是最独一无二的截屏工具之一，它是一个**命令行截屏工具**。虽然它的界面十分简约，但Scrotas在功能上和其它专用的基于GUI的屏幕捕获工具一样强大。举个例子，Scrot支持延时截屏，截屏调整品质/大小，命令行传递等功能。如果你是那些命令行迷中的一个，Scrot应该是你加入兵器库中的又一实用工具。在这个教程中，我将会描述**如何在命令行中用Scrot截屏**。
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Linux上有着许多不同口味儿的截屏工具，包括桌面环境专用的截屏程序（如： KDE里面的KSnapshot，GNOME里面的gnome-screenshot，Xfce的Screenshooter），或者是通用的截屏程序（如 Shutter）。而Scort（"SCReen shOT"的缩写）是最独一无二的截屏工具之一，它是一个**命令行截屏工具**。虽然它的界面十分简约，但Scrot在功能上和其它专用的基于GUI的屏幕捕获工具一样强大。举个例子，Scrot支持延时截屏，截屏调整品质/大小，命令行传递等功能。如果你是那些热衷命令行的爱好者之一，Scrot应该是你加入兵器库中的又一实用工具。在这个教程中，我将会描述**如何在命令行中用Scrot截屏**。
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### 在Linux中安装Scrot ###
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@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Linux上有着许多不同口味儿的截屏工具，包括桌面环境专用的
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### 用Scrot截屏 ###
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在这个教程的剩余部分，我会描述如何通过几种不同方法用Scrot截屏。
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在这个教程的下面的部分，我会描述如何通过几种不同方法用Scrot截屏。
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#### 1. 截下整个桌面 ####
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@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Scrot允许你在桌面选择一个特定的窗口或定义一个矩形区域来
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$ scrot -s
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运行这个命令后，继续用你的鼠标单击任意窗口或画出一个矩形，它能够触发对选定窗口/区域的屏幕截取。
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运行这个命令后，继续用你的鼠标单击任意窗口或画出一个矩形，它能够触发对选定窗口/区域的屏幕截取。（LCTT译注，还要使用鼠标，伐快乐）
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有时候你选定的区域或窗口可能会被桌面的其它窗口部分遮挡。在这种情况下，你在截屏前需要一点时间来清理那个部分。那正是延迟截屏能够帮到你的，就像下面所描述的那样。
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@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Scrot允许你发送保存的截屏图像给任意一个命令作为它们的输
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/05/take-screenshot-command-line-linux.html
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[alim0x](https://github.com/alim0x) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
译者：[alim0x](https://github.com/alim0x) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
106
published/Linux Pros' Top Command Line Secrets.md
Normal file
106
published/Linux Pros' Top Command Line Secrets.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
|
||||
Linux大神们的顶级命令行秘诀
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**好吧**，Linux博客圈这里这周相对比较平静，给网民们一个拖了很久的机会集体喘口气吧，去享受一下龙舌兰、燕尾服、鸡尾酒带来的欢快吧，然后评估一下过去几周来发生的和自由开放软件相关的事件吧。
|
||||
|
||||
“你是否曾经在听一张专辑的时候想过‘伙计，这听起来不错，但是我希望它能经常从用户空间过渡到内核空间去！’”粉丝们在Facebook上写道，“我们会全力支持你的。我们的专辑现在完全可以作为一个可加载的Linux内核模块来播放。”
|
||||
|
||||
Linux女孩曾经认为她自己已经完全进入Linux世界了，但是她现在却意识到她的想法是错误的。谢谢你们，粉丝们，是你们让生活一直这么有趣！
|
||||
|
||||
### ‘命令行秘诀’ ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
说到有趣，没什么比围坐在吧台前谈论行业内的事情来度过平静的一周更带劲了，而上周搞了一次。Linux博客圈内的生活很惬意。
|
||||
|
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座谈会内容是《Linux之声》——那本炫目出世的新杂志，读者也许记得它是[去年年底发布的][6]——而谈话的主题恰恰就是[命令行秘诀][7]
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||||
|
||||
Linux女孩太激动了。
|
||||
|
||||
### ‘它打算渲染大多数网页’ ###
|
||||
|
||||
“有很多使用命令行的真正的好理由，”《Linux之声》的策划者写道，“它是让你和计算机进行交互的强大而简明的方法“
|
||||
|
||||
“然而，我想花点时间来看看它里头一些更为晦涩的用法（有人会说毫无意义，不值得去做了）。“他们补充说。
|
||||
|
||||
杂志首先列出的是elinks网页浏览器：“它可能看起来没有它的竞争对手那样光彩照人，但它的目标是能够渲染大多数网页。”他们解释道，“它也有着极客时尚，当你需要快速检查你是否能从只能通过SSH访问的计算机上去访问网页时，它就会派上用场了。“
|
||||
|
||||
之后谈到的包含了从维基百科上查阅一些定义等其它一些实用的小建议。
|
||||
|
||||
### '对维护很重要' ###
|
||||
|
||||
“命令行的小技巧很有趣，真的很有趣。”比如，Google+博主亚历桑德鲁：埃伯索尔满怀热情地说，“但是他们忘了[cowsay][8]，它可以用来在黑漆漆的终端里博你一笑。“
|
||||
|
||||
”命令行对于维护很重要。“他补充说，”大家可以使用bash脚本来自动化，只需按几个快捷键（或者只要一个就行）来完成复杂的任务。”
|
||||
|
||||
其它命令行秘诀，埃伯索尔会把它们放进原来的列表的包括sl（蒸汽机车），以及这些[这些奇怪的点子][9]：
|
||||
|
||||
* % cat "food in cans"
|
||||
cat: can't open food in cans
|
||||
* % nice man woman
|
||||
No manual entry for woman.
|
||||
* % [Where is Jimmy Hoffa?
|
||||
Missing ].
|
||||
* % make love
|
||||
Make: Don't know how to make love. Stop.
|
||||
* % man: why did you get a divorce?
|
||||
man:: Too many arguments.
|
||||
|
||||
### '最珍贵的精华' ###
|
||||
|
||||
“命令行秘诀？根本没这玩意。”博主[罗伯特：伯格森][10]告诉Linux女孩道，”失望了吧，新手？那就猛敲‘help’吧。还想要点提示？随便‘man’个什么吧。想更多来点不同？敲‘ls /bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/sbin | less’，随便捡几个宝贝命令出来，整晚地‘man’去吧。我已经干那活超过十年了，到现在还玩得不亦乐乎。”
|
||||
|
||||
伯格森记不得多久以前他发现了‘ssh’，但是“它是自由/开源软件世界中最璀璨的宝石了。“他说。
|
||||
|
||||
”ssh的强大力量在于，你可以在一台计算机上输入命令获得快乐，你更可以在100台计算机上干同样的事情来获得100倍的快乐。“他补充道，”当然，要输入100次命令可不是闹着玩的。所以，学习一下通过ssh安全地无密码登陆，可以让ssh的远程登陆透明化。“
|
||||
|
||||
### '带着尊重来用吧' ###
|
||||
|
||||
当然，”就像干任何快乐的事一样，有人会沉迷于搞破坏。“伯格森警告道，”作为root用户，你可以输入命令来删除所有的东西，或者把这一切搞乱。“
|
||||
|
||||
”这是核弹按钮，就像全球领袖处理世界事务一样，在按下那个键之前一定要三思而后行，评估干这事所产生的结果，带着尊重和高尚的动机来使用它。“他补充道。
|
||||
|
||||
”我曾经删除了一个文件系统，因为我的大拇指在输入一个命令时不小心蹭到了空格键。“伯格森总结道，”坦白地说，这种蠢事我只干过一次。“
|
||||
|
||||
### '很强大' ###
|
||||
|
||||
Google+博主贡萨洛：贝拉斯科C不那么热情。
|
||||
|
||||
“即使[GUI][11]工具更易用，在*nix领域，命令行仍然很强大。“他告诉Linux女孩，”甚至一些高级MacOS用户也用它们。”
|
||||
|
||||
对于贡萨洛：贝拉斯科C他自己而言，“我想要掌握的唯一一些命令是进程控制和杀死命令，想要使用ctrl+alt+退格键，因为我可以用来处理给我造成麻烦的那个进程，我还想要掌握tar.gz文件的管理——那玩意到现在还让我头痛。“他说。
|
||||
|
||||
#### '你正在做错事' ####
|
||||
|
||||
最后一点，但并非不重要，SoylentNews博主hairyfeet有一个完全不同的观点。
|
||||
|
||||
“我只想谈一件事情来充实一下命令行界面这个报道：如果你不干IT，而且做着一些重复的事情，而这些事情只是很简单、很原始地去记录一些有用的事情，但你还在用命令行，那么‘你在走一条不归路’“hairyfeet告诉Linux女孩，”命令行界面没什么神奇——它只是1970年代以来的一个图形化界面！“
|
||||
|
||||
今天，有很多“有用的图形化界面，这要多亏了CPU速度的提升和内存的增加，而不是一美元店里的廉价手表——我们甚至有IDE和脚本语言，大大超过70年代那些古董，可以在广域网或者局域网上工作，并与操作系统最底层交互，一切都在变得更易用，这多亏了智能感应和自动完成这样的技术。“他解释说，”所以上天作证，如果你不是那3%的系统管理员，工作在以字节计数的世界里，你会把那一堆垃圾从陈年旧帐中翻出来？
|
||||
|
||||
这是Hairyfeet的最佳命令行建议？“不要——被21世纪那些不切实际的想法所左右，学学怎样真正来使用语言和工具吧。“他总结道，”让命令行成为泡影，把软盘都扔进历史的垃圾桶吧。“
|
||||
|
||||
> 本文作者Katherine Noyes总是尽忠职守扮演好她的Linux女孩，那件斗篷她从2007穿到现在了。作为一个白天举止温和的女记者，她晚上像逛夜店一样，为了搜寻最新的小道消息，在Linux博客圈上灌水。你也能在 [Twitter][12]和[Google+][13]上找到她。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/80437.html?rss=1
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.computer.org/portal/web/pressroom/Linus-Torvalds-Named-Recipient-of-the-2014-IEEE-Computer-Society-Computer-Pioneer-Award
|
||||
[2]:http://www.ieee.org/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/80386.html
|
||||
[4]:https://www.facebook.com/netcatband/posts/755205877853161?stream_ref=10
|
||||
[5]:http://www.netcat.co/
|
||||
[6]:http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/79448.html
|
||||
[7]:http://www.linuxvoice.com/commandline-secrets/
|
||||
[8]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cowsay
|
||||
[9]:https://www.linux.com/community/blogs/133-general-linux/10408
|
||||
[10]:http://mrpogson.com/
|
||||
[11]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUI
|
||||
[12]:http://twitter.com/noyesk
|
||||
[13]:https://plus.google.com/+KatherineNoyes?rel=author
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
|
||||
点评 Redhat RHEL 7和PclinuxOS 2014.05
|
||||
=================
|
||||
|
||||
在最近的Distrowatch杂志上，Jesse Smith尝试了一下RHEL 7桌面版本。在安装上，“从RHEL安装介质启动到一个图形化的系统安装界面，RHEL用了和最近发布的Fedora一样的新的Anaconda安装方式。就我个人来说新的安装方式是一种倒退”他说道。这没啥大不了的，他猜测在桌面版本就是这样的吧。Smith说他希望有一种图形化的软件包管理工具，因为用户只能在命令行下使用YUM源，只能使用标准的默认库。之后，GNOME shell登录崩溃了，只能使用KDE登录。虽然有些困惑但是他非常喜欢新的防火墙配置工具。请看他的[详细报告][2]。
|
||||
|
||||
**在**ZDNet.com上，Jamie Watson对新发布的PCLinuxOS 2014.05发表了自己的看法。他说道：
|
||||
|
||||
> 这是个有趣的看法，你可能从它的名字当中想到它包含了很多软件，补丁，驱动在非标准的分支中。最有趣的一点是，基于活动聚焦的虚拟桌面配置。这种趋势使PCLinuxOS使用起来既有趣又简单，提供了以下的桌面环境，个性化的图标:
|
||||
|
||||
> 互联网：浏览器，邮件，聊天工具
|
||||
|
||||
> 工作：office、kile、scribus
|
||||
|
||||
> 娱乐：游戏
|
||||
|
||||
> 多媒体：音乐，视频的编辑和创作
|
||||
|
||||
> 图形和图像：浏览，编辑和创作
|
||||
|
||||
> 管理：系统管理任务
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
“PCLinuxOS始终使用原来的安装方式，它来源于Mandriva/Mandrake安装方式”Watson提到。它还带来了新的内核，最新的软件，和多样化互动的界面。[他总结道][3]：“这个新发布的PcLinuxOS版本很不错”。另外Watson在几周前也测试过了Ubuntu、Debian和LMDE。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://ostatic.com/blog/pros-secrets-and-red-hat-7-and-pclinuxos-2014-05-reviews
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[jiajia9linuxer](https://github.com/jiajia9linuxer) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/Linux-Pros-Top-Command-Line-Secrets-80437.html
|
||||
[2]:http://distrowatch.com/weekly.php?issue=20140512#feature
|
||||
[3]:http://www.zdnet.com/hands-on-with-pclinuxos-2014-05-kde-and-lxde-the-linux-with-something-for-everyone-7000029297/
|
||||
[4]:http://www.zdnet.com/testing-ubuntu-debian-and-lmde-on-my-new-notebook-7000029202/
|
||||
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Ubuntu Linux社区经理Jono Bacon离开Canonical公司
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
几天后，Canonical——Ubuntu Linux背后的公司，将告别其任职已久的社区经理。[Jono Bacon][1]，一直是 Ubuntu 业界最熟悉的面孔之一，他将在[XPRIZE基金会][2]任新职。
|
||||
Canonical——Ubuntu Linux背后的公司，其任职已久的社区经理将离职。[Jono Bacon][1]，一直是 Ubuntu 业界最熟悉的面孔之一，他将在[XPRIZE基金会][2]任新职。
|
||||
|
||||
Bacon于2006年加入Canonical，从[其博客可知][3]他是在收到XPRIZE的录用通知后决定离开Canonical的，XPRIZE[自称][4]为“创新引擎”和“造福人类的催化剂”。他将会在XPRIZE就任社区主管，施展他过去八年中在帮助协调Ubuntu社区方面所获得的能力。
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
|
||||
Red Hat Enterprise Linux launched for SAP HANA
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Red Hat has expanded the company’s strategic alliance with SAP AG to make it easier for customers to adopt and run the SAP Data Management portfolio, including the SAP HANA platform, SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise (SAP ASE), SAP IQ software, and the SAP SQL Anywhere suite on Red Hat’s open source solutions.
|
||||
|
||||
The expanded collaboration is expected to enable real-time, in-memory innovation by providing an open, scalable, integrated and highly-available platform for solutions from SAP along with those that are custom-built in an effort to expand customer choice when it comes to fueling business performance and helping enterprises realize increased value from cloud computing and big data.
|
||||
|
||||
Steve Lucas, president, Platform Solutions, SAP AG added: “By joining forces with Red Hat to enable SAP HANA on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, we plan to give our customers an additional choice upon which to base deployments of SAP solutions; an open, flexible and scalable platform that is intended to support customers’ data management needs across on-premise and cloud environments.”
|
||||
|
||||
As the foundation of the enhanced partnership, Red Hat Enterprise Linux is now available and qualified for production use of SAP HANA and supported by partners’ SAP-certified hardware solutions. SAP HANA enables customers to capture business transactions to help make smarter, faster decisions through real-time analysis and reporting combined with dramatically accelerated business processes. Customers can now also enjoy expanded choice when it comes to their deployments of SAP HANA to experience the reliability, quality and stability offered by Red Hat Enterprise Linux. They can also standardize deployments of SAP solutions on Red Hat’s high-performing, secure and open platform, helping to ensure consistency of operations across the business.
|
||||
|
||||
> We are looking for aspiring bloggers and journalists for The Mukt. If you are interested, [apply now!][1]
|
||||
|
||||
Red Hat Enterprise Linux for SAP HANA is designed for easy deployment and simplified integration, and will be available via SAP-certified hardware appliances from partners. Delivered through the power of the partner ecosystems of Red Hat and SAP, it is planned for customers to now have access to a portfolio of cross-industry experience and expertise that harnesses the flexible, scalable and open nature of SAP software and Red Hat solutions that are designed to meet a variety of enterprise information requirements.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.muktware.com/2014/06/red-hat-enterprise-linux-launched-sap-hana/27946
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.themukt.com/write-mukt/
|
||||
[2]:
|
||||
[3]:
|
||||
[4]:
|
||||
[5]:
|
||||
[6]:
|
||||
[7]:
|
||||
[8]:
|
||||
[9]:
|
||||
[10]:
|
||||
[11]:
|
||||
[12]:
|
||||
[13]:
|
||||
[14]:
|
||||
[15]:
|
||||
[16]:
|
||||
[17]:
|
||||
[18]:
|
||||
[19]:
|
||||
[20]:
|
||||
@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
|
||||
Ubuntu 14.04: Hardware Compatibility Updates
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
As Ubuntu moves more and more spiritually away from being another “Linux” Distribution (check their site, the word Linux is not to be found, they have changed the language to refer to themselves as “the world’s most popular open source desktop operating system” instead), they continue to make efforts in certifying hardware from various vendors as “Ubuntu compatible”. Let’s take a quick look at some of the work that has gone into the Ubuntu 14.04 LTS hardware compatibility.
|
||||
|
||||
### What Does Certified Mean? ###
|
||||
|
||||
In the case of Ubuntu Certified Compatibility, it means that either the component or the entire desktop/laptop and all its various components are certified to have full driver support within the kernel for the version of Ubuntu it is certified for. Now, there appear to be two levels of this certification:
|
||||
|
||||
- Components Within Device Certification: This is where major components of a device are certified for a particular LTS version of Ubuntu (like the CPU, Video, Network and Storage Controllers) but not necessarily other components as they may vary (sound, wireless, specialized chipsets).
|
||||
- Full System Certification: This is where an entire device (laptop, desktop or more commonly, a server) and all its myriad of device options are all certified as driver available for a version of Ubuntu LTS
|
||||
|
||||
In the example below, the Dell Inspiron 1545 has had its major components and various other device options certified to run with Ubuntu 12.04 LTS:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### So Do My Components Work or Not? ###
|
||||
|
||||
Well, as in most things related to Linux, the answer is “it depends”. The older your system or component, strangely enough, the more likely that it will be supported in the LTS version you are using. A LOT of work has gone into certifying hardware in LTS in general and strides have been made between versions 12.04 and 14.04 LTS (some estimates have the system certifications increasing almost 30% whereas component additions are almost 40% up since the last major version).
|
||||
|
||||
The newest components are going to be hit and miss (particularly if you are looking for official binary drivers from your friendly neighborhood video chip makers – both NVidia and ATI have fallen behind lately when it comes to getting support for their latest chips in the repository channels for the latest kernel versions).
|
||||
|
||||
If you have any doubt whether your system or server is fully compatible, check [Ubuntu’s handy “Certified Hardware”][1] site and see if your component or system is listed.
|
||||
|
||||
### Final Thoughts ###
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu has come a long way (literally and figuratively) in terms of hardware support in regards to Linux. Whereas everyone really used to be pretty hit and miss and getting any component to work properly in Linux could mean hours of searching for drivers, patches, configuration strings and/or special settings for a particular chip and revision. Now, for most major system components made within 90 days of the LTS release, you will find you have a pretty decent shot at getting your system up and running in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.
|
||||
|
||||
Have a different experience or a long standing component with a lack of compatibility? Drop me a note and let me know, I would love to hear about your experiences!
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://linuxacademy.com/blog/linux/ubuntu-14-04-hardware-compatibility-updates/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/
|
||||
@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
|
||||
hunanchenxingyu translating ....
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Linus Torvalds Releases Linux Kernel 3.15 Stable
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Linus Torvalds has just announced that the final version in the new Linux kernel 3.15 branch has been released and is now available for download.**
|
||||
|
||||
Linux kernel 3.15 arrived a little early than anticipated, but it looks like the final build is on track and that Linus Torvalds managed to launch it with all the bells and whistles
|
||||
|
||||
“So I ended up doing an rc8 because I was a bit worried about some last-minute dcache fixes, but it turns out that nobody seemed to even notice those. We did have other issues during the week, though, so it was just as well. The futex fixes and cleanups may stand out, but as usual there's various other random fixes since rc8 in there too: mainly drivers (drm, networking, sound, usb etc), networking, scheduling and perf tooling.”
|
||||
|
||||
“But it's all been fairly small and quiet, which *may* of course be due to the fact that last week was also the first week of the merge window for 3.16. That might have distracted some developers. I'm not entirely convinced I liked the overlap, but it seemed to work ok, and unless people scream really loudly (‘Please don't _ever_ do that again’) and give good reasons for doing so, I might end up doing that overlapping merge window in the future too if it ends up helping out with some particular timing issue,” said Linus Torvalds in the official announcement.
|
||||
|
||||
According to the changelog, Netgear AirCard 341U support has been added, additional Sierra Wireless QMI devices are now supported, support has been added for Novatel E371 PCIe card, page table updates have been implemented for Radeon, C0 tracking has been removed, beacon filtering has been disabled, inet_getid() and ipv6_select_ident() bugs have been fixed, corrupted path strings for long paths have been repaired, NovaTech OrionLXm product ID has been added, and mux settling delay has been added.
|
||||
|
||||
Also, list/memory corruption on the CPU hotplug has been fixed, the missing support of 10mbit in emac/rgmii has been added, runtime dependencies have been set, support for iPad 2 and iPad 3 has been added, EFI_MIXED should not prohibit loading above 4G, a kernel panic caused by a non-linear skb has been fixed, locking checks are now skipped in the panicking path, and correct available vectors are now received for CPU_disable.
|
||||
|
||||
A complete list of changes, improvements, and fixes can be found in the official [changelog][1].
|
||||
|
||||
### Download Linux kernel 3.15: ###
|
||||
|
||||
- [tar.xz (3.15)][2][sources] [76 MB]
|
||||
- [tar.xz (3.14.6)][3][sources] [74.80 MB]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Linus-Torvalds-Releases-Linux-Kernel-3-15-Stable-445785.shtml
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.mail-archive.com/linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org/msg659672.html
|
||||
[2]:https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.x/linux-3.15.tar.xz
|
||||
[3]:https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.x/linux-3.14.6.tar.xz
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
|
||||
Ubuntu Desktop Next 14.10 Images Available to Download
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
Unity 8′s tablet face
|
||||
|
||||
**Desktop builds of Ubuntu 14.10 using Unity 8 and Mir by default have [been made available][1] to download — not that most users will want to.**
|
||||
|
||||
Plans for a separate Unity 8 desktop flavour were [discussed last month][2]. The aim of the images is to provide developers and testers with a means to identify and document the types of changes needed to tailor both fledgling technologies to traditional desktop usage.
|
||||
|
||||
What these images are not is any sort of stable consumer release ready for production testing. These builds are, and will continue to be, highly unstable, buggy and in a state of feature flux from now up until October — and possibly beyond. Anyone expecting a polished, useable or ‘converged’ desktop will be sorely disappointed as the Unity 8 desktop ISO currently uses the Tablet UI.
|
||||
|
||||
### Work Getting Underway ###
|
||||
|
||||
Work on building competent window management features into Mir and Unity 8 is only just getting underway. Similarly, since desktop-grade graphics chips are yet to add Mir compatible GPU drivers the experience will vary wildly between hardware and users. Virtual machine support is also not a given.
|
||||
|
||||
As Unity 8 on the desktop starts to come together users won’t be presented with a UI too dissimilar to what they’re used to, hinted Ubuntu’s founder Mark Shuttleworth in a recent video Q&A.
|
||||
|
||||
This is good news. Microsoft tried to foist a tablet, touch-orientated UI on desktop users with Windows 8. Reception was mixed and the critical mauling severe. It has had to continually issue “refinements” — ‘concessions’ if you want to be cynical — to counter the complaints.
|
||||
|
||||
### Download Unity 8 Desktop Builds ###
|
||||
|
||||
Regular Ubuntu 14.10, due for release on October 23, will continue to be based on X.Org, Compiz and Unity 7. Unity 8 running on Mir is expected to be made default desktop before the next LTS, due in April 2016.
|
||||
|
||||
Largely unusable at this point, the images linked to below are designed primarily to assist developers test and improve, not help Joe User spin TARDIS-style to Ubuntu’s future.
|
||||
|
||||
- [Download Ubuntu Desktop Next 14.10 (.iso)][3]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/06/unity-8-daily-build-images-go-live
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:https://blueprints.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+spec/client-1410-unity8-desktop-iso
|
||||
[2]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/05/ubuntu-unity-8-desktop-flavour-discussed
|
||||
[3]:http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-desktop-next/daily-live/current/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
|
||||
Ubuntu for Phones Activated on 10,000 Devices
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Canonical has announced that their Ubuntu for phones operating system has been activated on 10,000 devices, marking an important milestone for the company.**
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu for phones was announced at the beginning of 2013 and the development team has been working on it since then. It took them a while to get a functioning version and they've been improving it constantly.
|
||||
|
||||
This new 10,000 milestone is important because company doesn't have devices shipping with the operating system. So far, only users with Nexus devices, phones and tablets, have been able to install it. This means a lot for an OS that you can only download.
|
||||
|
||||
“Ubuntu phone (and tablet) users sign into their Ubuntu One account on their device in order to download or update the applications on their phone. This allows us to provide many useful features that users expect coming from Android or iOS, such as being able to re-install their collection of apps on a new phone or after resetting their current one, or browsing the store’s website (coming soon) and having the option to install an app directly to their device from there.”
|
||||
|
||||
“As a side effect, it means we know how many unique Ubuntu One accounts have connected to the store to in order to download an app, and that number has this week passed the 10,000 mark,” [said][1] Canonical’s Michal Hall.
|
||||
|
||||
Currently, user don’t have to delete their Android from their Nexus devices because it’s possible to dual boot, and there are even a few ways to do it. The first devices that will ship with Ubuntu preinstalled will arrive later this year, most likely before the holiday season, and the community’s interest is already at an all-high level.
|
||||
|
||||
Canonical also created an Ubuntu SDK to help developers make apps for the new operating systems and there are already quite a few native apps that rival the ones on other platforms. They are not there yet, but they still have a few months until the official release and there is still plenty of time get a decent amount of applications and not just some web app replacements.
|
||||
|
||||
If you have a Nexus 4 phones or a Nexus 7 tablet, you can install Ubuntu right now. It’s still rough around the edges and you might find it a little too different from what you were used to, but give it time and you will grow to like it.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Ubuntu-for-Phones-Activated-on-10-000-Devices-446824.shtml
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://developer.ubuntu.com/2014/06/10000-users-of-ubuntu-phone/
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
|
||||
Translated by Ramerzhang
|
||||
Four Awesome Free Alternatives to Ubuntu One Cloud Storage
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
@ -123,4 +124,4 @@ via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/04/three-alternatives-ubuntu-one
|
||||
[5]:http://owncloud.org/
|
||||
[6]:https://spideroak.com/
|
||||
[7]:https://onedrive.live.com/
|
||||
[8]:https://www.box.com/
|
||||
[8]:https://www.box.com/
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
|
||||
jiajia translating...
|
||||
|
||||
Got Linux? Add Proprietary Code
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
@ -109,4 +111,4 @@ via: http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/80555.html
|
||||
[1]:http://www.icewarp.com/
|
||||
[2]:https://lucerahq.com
|
||||
[3]:http://www.fsmlabs.com/
|
||||
[4]:http://www.bell-labs.com/
|
||||
[4]:http://www.bell-labs.com/
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
|
||||
zpl1025 translating
|
||||
Raspberry Pi In Schools
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
> Teaching the world to code is a noble goal, but how is it going to work in practice?
|
||||
@ -175,4 +176,4 @@ via: http://www.linuxvoice.com/education-education-education/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
|
||||
jiajia translating...
|
||||
Has Microsoft really changed its attitude toward open source?
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
> **In today's open source roundup: Microsoft may or may not have a new attitude toward open source. Plus: Android versus Windows, and Cinnamon versus Unity in Ubuntu 14.04**
|
||||
@ -78,4 +79,4 @@ via: http://www.itworld.com/open-source/421894/has-microsoft-really-changed-its-
|
||||
[4]:http://www.zdnet.com/the-five-most-popular-end-user-linux-distributions-7000030058/http://www.zdnet.com/the-five-most-popular-end-user-linux-distributions-7000030058/
|
||||
[5]:http://www.amazon.com/Best-Sellers-Electronics-Desktop-Computers/zgbs/electronics/565098/?_encoding=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&linkCode=ur2&tag=fnh-20&linkId=REWXUPB7SQXPDSOL
|
||||
[6]:http://www.amazon.com/Best-Sellers-Computers-Accessories-Laptop/zgbs/pc/565108/?_encoding=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&linkCode=ur2&tag=fnh-20&linkId=POG3J2CFBHDWBAVL
|
||||
[7]:http://www.techrepublic.com/article/is-cinnamon-a-worthy-replacement-for-ubuntu-unity/
|
||||
[7]:http://www.techrepublic.com/article/is-cinnamon-a-worthy-replacement-for-ubuntu-unity/
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
|
||||
What is a good text editor on Linux?
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Want to launch a heated debate among Linux aficionados? Ask them what is their favorite text editor. In the open source community, choosing a software to write text with, and potentially to write code with, is such an important decision that choosing a football team or a game console is less dangerous. But anyone new to Linux should not be apprehensive of the plethora of advice and the variety of trolls on the topic, and instead try to get familiar with a bunch of different text editors in the first place. So today I shall propose you a non-exhaustive thematic list of what you can find to write text with on Linux. This list will (try to) exclude the full-fledge IDEs, which are only made for programming, and the editors made specifically for LaTex. If you are interested in the latter, I can recommend you to [this post][1].
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Vim & Emacs ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Let's go straight to the big guys. When someone asks about text editors on Linux in a room, one person will immediately respond [Vim][2] and another will say [Emacs][3]. And there are very good reasons for that. They are both very powerful editors, with a lot of features, a lot of plugins, and a very strong community ready to support anyone. If you are not familiar with them at all, it would be a bit hard to describe the extent of their capabilities. But put simply, they allow you to move very quickly within the text, make huge edits very simply, record macros, and do basically any crazy things you might want to do with text. The downside to both of them is that the learning process to control what you are doing is unavoidable and takes time. Past this point, I will not sink into the debate of declaring one better than another, but really recommend that everyone learn at least one of the two.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Sublime Text & Lime & Atom ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Another text editor which has been on the rise for these past years is [Sublime Text][4]. Some may see it as a friendlier version of Vim or Emacs, clearly designed for programming. Indeed, it retains some similarities like the batch edition and the goto function which will remind some of Emacs or [an energized Vim][5]. However, it remains more visual and accessible. Also, the large number of plugins will seduce those inclined to customization.
|
||||
|
||||
The only gray point to Sublime Text is its license: if you only use open-source, go away. Hopefully, to deal with that, an ambitious clone called [Lime][6] appeared recently. It is still under heavy development, but the spirit is here: a similar experience to Sublime Text, with the after taste of open source. Nothing more to say except admiring the effort.
|
||||
|
||||
Even more recently, [Atom][7], the official competition to Sublime Text coming from GitHub was released also as open source. Wanting to provide a full-featured out of the box editor, Atom comes packaged with all you need to jump around files, use code snippets, etc. However, its strength remains in its easy customization process based on HTML and CSS, and its Node.js integration. This is as far as we will go in this list before actually reaching the definition of an IDE.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Gedit & Kate & Mousepad & Leafpad ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
If we leave the realm of the super-powered editors, we can turn to what I see as the "desktop environment classics." These editors are more traditional in the sense that some can be enhanced with plugins, but that their focus is simply to write text. If you have an idea in mind and want to jolt down something before you forget about it (I blame video games for my short attentions span), you are not going to learn or even need the shortcuts in Vim or Sublime Text. You just want to some blank space. The good thing about these editors is that they are more or less well integrated with your desktop environment. In this category, [Gedit][8] and [Kate][9], for Gnome and KDE respectively, mirror their environment, and are customizable via plugins, which makes it easier to write LaTeX, for example. [Mousepad][10] and [Leafpad][11] are more appropriate for lightweight desktops like Xfce and LXDE. They are in a way close to Windows' notepad. So if you are looking for flexibility and accessibility, pick here.
|
||||
|
||||
[][12]
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Nano & Qute ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Another popular "family" of text editors is the distraction-free editors. If you like to have Facebook or Twitter opened constantly in the background, or receive an email every five minutes, you know how difficult it can be to focus on that essay due tomorrow, or this code not compiling. In this case, you need an editor that will take the whole space on the screen, and block everything else.
|
||||
|
||||
Probably the least favorite of this kind is Nano. If you want to block any distraction, go without X server. It is simple and straightforward. In fact, George R. R. Martin, the author of Game of Thrones, recently [revealed in an interview][13] that he uses a similar DOS Word processor to write his novels.
|
||||
|
||||
If you prefer something a bit more keen on the eye, you could like my personal favorite: [Qute][14]. No fancy features, maybe a bit of LaTeX to look nice, but the weight is really on the interface. It proposes a beautiful navigation and edition experience. If you are uneasy because of the terminal, Qute is a good alternative.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. LibreOffice & Calligra & Abiword ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, an office suite is also a text editor. I doubt you can code easily on that, but it will certainly be more appropriate for plain text and more quick to pick up than LaTeX. In this category, it would be impossible to avoid [LibreOffice][15] and [Calligra][16], the two behemoth in term of featues and fame. I like both of them, but a lot of people have a clear preference for the former over the latter. If you miss Microsoft Word, you will be in your realm. A bit of the underdog, [Abiword][17] is a lightweight alternative to those. If you goal is just to edit a word document, and you do not care about spreadsheets or databases, Abiword will do the trick while preserving the features.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
To conclude briefly, if I had one advice to give, it would be to pick the editor that people around you use. If for some crazy reason everyone you know uses LibreOffice to code in C, or Sublime Text to write a novel, and that you have to do something similar, you should follow the trend. The reason being that if you encounter a problem and need some help, it will be easier for them to bring it to you.
|
||||
|
||||
What is your favorite text editor? What do you use it for? Please let us know in the comments.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/06/good-text-editor-linux.html
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://xmodulo.com/2014/04/latex-editor-software-linux.html
|
||||
[2]:http://www.vim.org/
|
||||
[3]:https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/
|
||||
[4]:http://www.sublimetext.com/
|
||||
[5]:http://xmodulo.com/2014/06/turn-vim-full-fledged-ide.html
|
||||
[6]:http://limetext.org/
|
||||
[7]:https://atom.io/
|
||||
[8]:https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Gedit
|
||||
[9]:http://kate-editor.org/
|
||||
[10]:http://www.home.unix-ag.org/bmeurer/xfce/apps.html
|
||||
[11]:http://tarot.freeshell.org/leafpad/
|
||||
[12]:https://www.flickr.com/photos/xmodulo/14415259703/
|
||||
[13]:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5REM-3nWHg
|
||||
[14]:http://www.inkcode.net/qute
|
||||
[15]:https://www.libreoffice.org/
|
||||
[16]:http://www.calligra-suite.org/
|
||||
[17]:http://www.abisource.com/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
|
||||
Valve SteamOS: A Linux-based Gaming Operating System Announced
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The year of Linux on the desktop or living room is here. Today Valve software announced SteamOS, a free Linux-based gaming operating system designed for the TV, DIY enthusiast and the living room. From the announcement page:
|
||||
|
||||
> As we've been working on bringing Steam to the living room, we’ve come to the conclusion that the environment best suited to delivering value to customers is an operating system built around Steam itself. SteamOS combines the **rock-solid architecture of Linux with a gaming experience** built for the big screen. It will be available soon as a free stand-alone operating system for living room machines.
|
||||
|
||||
### More about SteamOS ###
|
||||
|
||||
- Hundreds of great games are already running natively on SteamOS. More AAA titles coming natively to SteamOS in 2014.
|
||||
- You can stream games from your desktop and stream those games over your home network to your TV via a SteamOS machine.
|
||||
- You can play all your Windows and Mac games on your SteamOS machine, too.
|
||||
- Stream music and video with the SteamOS media services.
|
||||
- In SteamOS, Valve have achieved significant performance increases in graphics processing, and Valve working on audio performance and reductions in input latency at the operating system level. Game developers are already taking advantage of these gains as they target SteamOS for their new releases.
|
||||
- You can modify or replace any part of the software or hardware you want. No more lock-ins.
|
||||
- Valve are working on improving Linux kernel, drivers and debugging tools. This is a great news for both developers and users.
|
||||
- Standard parental controls for games and streaming services.
|
||||
|
||||
### Input lag over a network... a horrible experience? ###
|
||||
|
||||
Streaming games over the internet adds the the network latency. However, SteamOS machine and TV will be in a local network. This will keep delay to minimum including encoding and decoding video between the two systems. This is just a guess and I will wait for the reviews.
|
||||
|
||||
I think Valve is following Android model. User will get consistent environment for all your devices or you can build your own device. SteamOS will be available soon as a free download for users and as a freely licensable operating system for manufacturers. For more information see [SteamOS][1] announcement page.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/linux-games/valve-announces-linux-based-steamos/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://store.steampowered.com/livingroom/SteamOS/
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
|
||||
jiajia translating...
|
||||
|
||||
Cup 2014 Brazil: Watch FIFA World Cup 2014 Competition in Your Linux Desktop
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Football is the most played and most watched sports on Earth. The present form of football originated in Britain. Football players run an average of more than six miles during a single match. Over one billion fans watched last world cup football matches on Television. This figure is estimated to rise on an above note, this year.
|
||||
@ -122,4 +124,4 @@ via: http://www.tecmint.com/view-fifa-world-cup-matche-results/
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.e-link.it/icup/brazil2014/icup-brazil-2014-desktop-app.php
|
||||
[1]:http://www.e-link.it/icup/brazil2014/icup-brazil-2014-desktop-app.php
|
||||
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
|
||||
How To Install Numix Icon Theme In Fedora 20
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
[Numix Themes][1] have been around for a while now and I think most of us know about it. In a previous post, I’ve written about [how to install Numix theme and other community forks on Manjaro Linux][2].
|
||||
|
||||
Today we’re going to do same on Fedora 20.
|
||||
|
||||
First of we need to install **fedy** which will help us in this installation. If you currently don’t have Fedy installed on your Fedora system, [follow our previous tutorial on how to install it][3].
|
||||
|
||||
### Installing Numix themes ###
|
||||
|
||||
Open Terminal and run the command below (Make sure you have installed fedy).
|
||||
|
||||
sudo fedy -e numix_themes
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Install Gnome Tweak Tool ###
|
||||
|
||||
sudo yum install gnome-tweak-tool
|
||||
|
||||
Launch Gnome Tweak Tools:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Now change all the settings under Appearance to point Numix as shown in the Fig. below.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
You’re done!
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Enjoy!
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.unixmen.com/install-numix-icon-theme-fedora-20/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://numixproject.org/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.unixmen.com/install-numix-icon-theme-manjaro-linux/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.unixmen.com/tweak-fedora-system-using-fedy/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
|
||||
Linux Screenshot App Shutter Updates with Bug Fixes, New Icon
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**[Shutter][1], our favourite screenshot tool for Linux, has been updated with select bug fixes and a new application icon. **
|
||||
|
||||
The open-source and feature-rich screenshot utility allows you to snap sections of your desktop, app windows or the whole screen and add annotations, text or effects.
|
||||
|
||||
Version 0.91 fixes a number of outstanding bugs, including an issue where thumbnails were not shown in the Session tab on 14.04, and removes the option to upload screenshots to Pixlr’s image hosting service ‘imm.io’, which was discontinued earlier this year.
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, the update features a refined version of the familiar camera shutter application icon courtesy of artist Lucas Romero Di Benedetto.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Install Shutter 0.91 in Ubuntu ###
|
||||
|
||||
Upgrading to the new version of Shutter is simple enough — providing you add the official PPA. [The Shutter PPA][2] provides new stable releases to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, 13.10 and 14.04 LTS.
|
||||
|
||||
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:shutter/ppa
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install shutter
|
||||
|
||||
Don’t like PPAs? You can also download Debian installers from the download section on the project homepage. If you’re running Ubuntu 14.04 LTS you can grab the installer by hitting the button below.
|
||||
|
||||
- [Download Shutter 0.91 for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS][3]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/06/shutter-0-91-new-icon
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/shutter/
|
||||
[2]:https://launchpad.net/~shutter/+archive/ppa
|
||||
[3]:https://launchpad.net/~shutter/+archive/ppa/+files/shutter_0.91%7Eppa2%7Eubuntu14.04.1_all.deb
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
|
||||
CNprober 翻译完成。<travelwithheart@yeah.net, 619913541>
|
||||
|
||||
优秀的Linux文本编辑器
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
想要挑起狂热Linux爱好者之间的激烈争辩吗？那就问他们什么是他们最喜欢的文本编辑器。在开源社区中，选择一个用来写文本，或者更进一步，用来写代码的编辑器，比选择一个球队或者游戏控制器还要重要。但是任何一个Linux新手都不需要为大把大把的建议和各种各样的煽动而感到焦虑不安，取而代之，先去试着熟悉熟悉一堆不同的文本编辑器吧。所以今天我将要给你建议一个简单主题的列表，里面的编辑器都可以用在Linux下编辑文本。这个列表会排除那些成熟的只用来写代码的IDE，也不包括那些专门的进行LaTex排版的编辑器。如果你对后者感兴趣，我可以建议你去看看[这里][1].
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Vim & Emacs ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
让我们直接从这两个最大咖的开始。当有人在一个聊天室里问关于Linux下的编辑器时，会有一个人立马回答[Vim][2]，然后会有另外一个说[Emacs][3]. 之所以会这样，是有很充分的理由的。这两个都是非常强大的编辑器，有很多的特性，很多插件，很强大的社区支持。如果你一点都不熟悉他们的话，要描述清楚他们功能的有多么强大是有点困难的。但是简单来讲，它们允许你非常快速的在文本中移动，简单地做出大量的修改，记录宏以及你能想到基本上任何疯狂的编辑方式。这两个编辑器都有的缺点是不可避免的学习过程并且需要花费一定的时间。讲完这点之后，我不会陷入到哪一个更好的争论中去，但是我真的想建议每一个人至少学习这两者之一。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Sublime Text & Lime & Atom ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
另一个在过去几年冉冉升起的文本编辑器是[Sublime Text][4].一些人可能会将它视为Vim或者Emacs的友好版，专为编程而设计的。事实上，它保持了一些与Vim和Emacs的相似特性。比如，批量编辑和函数跳转都会让人或多或少想起Emacs或者[一个充满活力的Vim][5].然而，它保留了更多的可视性并且更加容易使用。同样，大量的插件引诱大家进行个性化定制。
|
||||
|
||||
Sublime Text唯一的“污点”是它的许可证：如果你只使用开源软件的话，你可以放弃它了。为此，最近出现了一个雄心勃勃的克隆版 [Lime][6] 。这个软件正处在繁重的开发当中，但是它的精神是：跟Sublime Text相似的用户体验，但是带着开源的韵味。对于Lime，除了满满的期待没有更多要说的了。
|
||||
|
||||
离现在更近的，GitHub以开源形式发布了[Atom][7]，展开了与Sublime Text正式的竞争。Atom打包了所有你想要的文件跳转，代码片段使用等特性，提供一个完整特性的编辑器而不是简单的编辑框。使用HTML，CSS和集成Node.js环境，可以轻易地定制文本处理过程，这正是他魅力所在。这其实已经要涉及到IDE的定义了，我们的列表最多会覆盖到这里。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Gedit & Kate & Mousepad & Leafpad ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
如果我们离开这些超级厉害的编辑器，我们可以转向我认为的“桌面环境经典版”编辑器。这些编辑器感觉上更加的传统，有些也可以用插件进行强化，但是它们的重点是简单输入。如果你头脑里有一些想法想要在忘记之前赶快记下来（我必须怪罪那些视频游戏让我的注意力范围变小）。[译注：这一句意思应该是作者因为玩游戏导致注意力下降，记不住东西，所以需要快速的记下头脑中的东西以免忘掉] 你不需要学习Vim或者Sublime Text的快捷键。你只需要一些空白的地方进行输入。这类编辑器的好处是他们或多或少的和你的桌面环境集成在一起。在这一类编辑器中， Gnome 下的 [Gedit][8] 和 KDE下的 [Kate][9] 都很好的集成在桌面系统中，可以通过插件进行个性化定制。比如，更容易的进行LaTeX排版。[Mousepad][10] 和 [Leafpad][11] 更适合于轻量级的桌面，比如Xfce和LXDE。它们在某种程度上很像Windows的记事本。所以，如果你需要的是灵活和便捷，请选择他们。
|
||||
|
||||
[][12]
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Nano & Qute ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
另外一个流行的文本编辑器“大家庭”是“无分心编辑器”。如果你喜欢在后台持续地开着Facebook或者Twitter，或者每5分钟就收一次邮件，你就会知道把注意力集中在那篇明天就过期的散文或者这些还没编译通过的代码是多么困难的事。如果是这样，你需要一个编辑器，它可以占满整个屏幕空间，并且屏蔽掉所有的其他事情。
|
||||
|
||||
也许这类编辑器里面最不受欢迎的是Nano。如果你想屏蔽所有分心的事，关掉X server（[译注：关掉桌面，只用文字终端界面，Nano就是工作在这种模式下]）。这是最简单和直接的方式。事实上，《权力游戏(Game of Thrones)》的作者Geogge R. R. Martin最近就在[一次采访][13]中说他使用一个类似DOS Word的文本处理程序写他的小说。
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想要一款更顺眼一点的编辑器，你可以试试我的最爱：[Qute][14]. 没有酷炫的特性，也许有一点LaTeX排版使它开起来更美观，但是重点其实是在他的界面的。它提供了一个舒适的导航和编辑体验。如果你对终端感觉不太舒服，Qute是个不错的选择。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. LibreOffice & Calligra & Abiword ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
最后，办公套件也是文本编辑器。我很怀疑你能否轻松的用办公套件编程，但是它确实更适合纯文本编辑，也比LaTeX更容易学习。在这类编辑器中，[LibreOffice][15] 和 [Calligra][16] 是没办法绕过去的。这两个编辑器因为他们丰富的特性和响亮的名声成为这类编辑器中的巨兽。这两者我都喜欢，但是很多人明确的偏向于前者。如果你怀念微软的Word处理软件，你会有自己的选择。稍处下风的[Abiword][17]相对前面的两个是一个轻量级的选择。如果你的目的只是编辑一个文本文档，不关心电子表格或者数据库，Abiword的特性可以达到理想的效果。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
简单总结一下，如果我有一条建议给你，那么就是选择你周围的人正在用的编辑器。如果因为某些疯狂的理由，每一个你周围的人都用LibreOffice写C程序，或者用Sublime Text写小说，而你也要做同样的事，你应该跟随潮流。原因就是当你遇到一个问题需要帮助的时候，他们可以更容易的给你提供帮助。
|
||||
|
||||
你最喜欢的文本编辑器是什么？你用它来干嘛？请在评论里告我们吧。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/06/good-text-editor-linux.html
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[love_daisy_love](https://github.com/CNprober) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://xmodulo.com/2014/04/latex-editor-software-linux.html
|
||||
[2]:http://www.vim.org/
|
||||
[3]:https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/
|
||||
[4]:http://www.sublimetext.com/
|
||||
[5]:http://xmodulo.com/2014/06/turn-vim-full-fledged-ide.html
|
||||
[6]:http://limetext.org/
|
||||
[7]:https://atom.io/
|
||||
[8]:https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Gedit
|
||||
[9]:http://kate-editor.org/
|
||||
[10]:http://www.home.unix-ag.org/bmeurer/xfce/apps.html
|
||||
[11]:http://tarot.freeshell.org/leafpad/
|
||||
[12]:https://www.flickr.com/photos/xmodulo/14415259703/
|
||||
[13]:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5REM-3nWHg
|
||||
[14]:http://www.inkcode.net/qute
|
||||
[15]:https://www.libreoffice.org/
|
||||
[16]:http://www.calligra-suite.org/
|
||||
[17]:http://www.abisource.com/
|
||||
@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
|
||||
Linux大神们的顶级命令行秘诀
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<<<<<<< HEAD
|
||||
> “命令行秘诀？根本就没这玩样。”博主罗伯特·柏格森说。“新手们，你们失望了？那就猛敲‘help’吧。还想要点提示？随便‘man’个什么吧。想更多来点不同？敲‘ls /bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/sbin | less’，随便捡几个宝贝命令出来，整晚地‘man’去吧。我已经干那活超过十年了，到现在还玩得不亦乐乎。”当然，“某人可要对破坏之类的事情上瘾了。”
|
||||
=======
|
||||
> “命令行秘诀？根本就没这玩样。”博主罗伯特·柏格森说。“失望了吧，新手？那就猛敲‘help’吧。还想要点提示？随便‘man’个什么吧。想更多来点不同？敲‘ls /bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/sbin | less’，随便捡几个宝贝命令出来，整晚地‘man’去吧。我已经干那活超过十年了，到现在还玩得不亦乐乎。”当然，“某人可要对破坏之类的事情上瘾了。”
|
||||
>>>>>>> 51f3aeffb27a659d5154c500cf16bafe572a4007
|
||||
|
||||
**好**吧，Linux博客圈这里这周相对比较平静，给网民们一个拖了很久的机会集体喘口气吧，去享受一下龙舌兰、燕尾服、鸡尾酒带来的欢快吧，然后评估一下过去几周来发生的和自由开放软件相关的事件吧。
|
||||
|
||||
有些人错过了这些重大新闻：[IEEE][2]的[颁奖礼][1]，计算机世界的2014计算机先驱奖正是颁发给了李纳斯·托沃兹；Tails OS 1.0的[到来][3]；以及，也许是最令人激动的事情，位于西雅图的乐队[网猫][5][发布了][4]作为Linux内核模块的首张唱片。
|
||||
|
||||
“你是否曾经在听一张专辑的时候想过‘伙计，这听起来不错，但是我希望它能经常从用户空间过渡到内核空间去！’”网猫在Facebook上写道，“我们会全力支持你的。我们的专辑现在完全可以作为一个可加载的Linux内核模块来播放。”
|
||||
<<<<<<< HEAD
|
||||
Linux Girl thought she had seen it all here in the Linux world, but now she realizes she was wrong. Thank you, netcat, for keeping life interesting!
|
||||
=======
|
||||
Linux女孩曾经认为她自己已经完全进入Linux世界了，但是她现在却意识到她的想法是错误的。谢谢你们，网猫，是你们让生活一直这么有趣！
|
||||
>>>>>>> 51f3aeffb27a659d5154c500cf16bafe572a4007
|
||||
|
||||
### ‘命令行秘诀’ ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
说到有趣，没什么比围坐在吧台前谈论行业内的事情来度过平静的一周更带劲了，而上周搞了一次。Linux博客圈内的生活很惬意。
|
||||
|
||||
座谈会内容是Linux声音杂志——那本闪亮的新杂志让读者可以记得它是[去年年底发布的][6]——而谈话的主题恰恰就是[命令行秘诀][7]
|
||||
|
||||
Linux女孩要忍不住了。
|
||||
|
||||
### ‘它打算渲染大多数网页’ ###
|
||||
|
||||
“有很多使用命令行的真正的好理由，”Linux声音的策划者写道，“它是让你和计算机进行交互的强大而简明的方法“
|
||||
|
||||
“然而，我想花点时间来看看它里头一些更为晦涩的用法（有人会说毫无意义，不值得去做了）。“他们补充说。
|
||||
|
||||
杂志列表顶端是elinks网页浏览器：“它可能看起来没有它的竞争对手那样光彩照人，但它打算渲染大多数网页。”他们解释道，“它也有着极客时尚，当你需要快速检查你是否能从只能通过SSH访问的计算机上去访问网页时，它就会派上用场了。“
|
||||
|
||||
列表从那里继续，包含了从维基百科上查阅一些定义等其它一些实用的小建议。
|
||||
|
||||
从破窗休息室下来，老主顾们获得了大量他们自己的建议。
|
||||
|
||||
### '对维护很重要' ###
|
||||
|
||||
“命令行命令的提示很不错，真的很不错。”比如，Google+博主亚历桑德鲁：埃伯索尔满怀热情地说，“但是他们忘了[cowsay][8]，它可以用来在黑漆漆的终端里博你一笑。“
|
||||
”命令行对于维护很重要。“他补充说，”大家可以使用bash脚本来自动化，只需按几个快捷键（或者只要一个就行）来完成复杂的任务。”
|
||||
|
||||
其它命令行秘诀，埃伯索尔会把它们放进原始列表的是sl（蒸汽机车），还有这些[这些金点子][9]：
|
||||
|
||||
* % cat "food in cans"
|
||||
cat: can't open food in cans
|
||||
* % nice man woman
|
||||
No manual entry for woman.
|
||||
* % [Where is Jimmy Hoffa?
|
||||
Missing ].
|
||||
* % make love
|
||||
Make: Don't know how to make love. Stop.
|
||||
* % man: why did you get a divorce?
|
||||
man:: Too many arguments.
|
||||
|
||||
### '最珍贵的精华' ###
|
||||
|
||||
“命令行秘诀？根本没这玩样。”博主[罗伯特：伯格森][10]告诉Linux女孩道，”失望了吧，新手？那就猛敲‘help’吧。还想要点提示？随便‘man’个什么吧。想更多来点不同？敲‘ls /bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/sbin | less’，随便捡几个宝贝命令出来，整晚地‘man’去吧。我已经干那活超过十年了，到现在还玩得不亦乐乎。”
|
||||
|
||||
伯格森记不得多久以前他发现了‘ssh’，但是“它是自由/开源软件世界中最珍贵的精华了。“他说。
|
||||
|
||||
”ssh的强大力量在于，你可以在一台计算机上输入命令获得快乐，你更可以在100台计算机上干同样的事情来获得100倍的快乐。“他补充道，”当然，要输入100次命令可不是闹着玩的。所以，学习一下通过ssh安全地无密码登陆，可以让ssh的远程登陆透明化。“
|
||||
### '带着尊重来用吧' ###
|
||||
|
||||
当然，”就像干任何快乐的事一样，有人会沉迷于搞破坏。“伯格森警告道，”作为root用户，你可以输入命令来删除所有的东西，或者把这一切搞乱。“
|
||||
|
||||
”这是核心选择权，就像处理世界事务一样，在按下那个键之前一定要三思而后行，评估干这事所产生的结果，带着尊重和高尚的动机来使用它。“他补充道。
|
||||
|
||||
”我曾经删除了一个文件系统，因为我的大拇指蹭到了空格键调出了一个命令。“伯格森总结道，”坦白地说，我只干过这样的事情一次。“
|
||||
|
||||
### '很强大' ###
|
||||
|
||||
Google+博主贡萨洛：贝拉斯科C不那么热情。
|
||||
|
||||
“即使[GUI][11]工具更易用，在*nix领域，命令行仍然很强大。“他告诉Linux女孩，”甚至一些有能力的MacOS用户也用它们。”
|
||||
|
||||
对于贡萨洛：贝拉斯科C他自己而言，“我想要掌握的唯一一些命令是进程控制和杀死命令，想要使用ctrl+alt+退格键，因为我可以用来处理给我造成麻烦的那个进程，我还想要掌握tar.gz文件的管理——那玩样到现在还让我头痛。“他说。
|
||||
|
||||
#### '你正在做错事' ####
|
||||
|
||||
最后一点，但并非不重要，SoylentNews博主hairyfeet有一个完全不同的观点。
|
||||
|
||||
“我只想谈一件事情来充实一下命令行界面这个报道：如果你不干IT，而且做着一些重复的事情，而这些事情只是很简单、很原始地去记录一些有用的事情，但你还在用命令行，那么‘你在走一条不归路’“hairyfeet告诉Linux女孩，”命令行界面没什么神奇——它只是1970年代以来的一个图形化界面！“
|
||||
|
||||
今天，有很多“有用的图形化界面，这要多亏了CPU频率和内存的增加，而不是一美元店里的廉价手表——我们甚至有IDE和脚本语言大大超过70年代那个复辟古董货，在广域网或者局域网上工作，并与操作系统最底层交互，一切都在变得更易用，这多亏了智能感应和自动完成这样的技术。“他解释说，”所以上天作证，如果你不是那3%的系统管理员，工作在以字节计数的世界里，你会把那一堆垃圾从陈年旧帐中翻出来？
|
||||
|
||||
Hairyfeet的最佳命令行建议？“不要——被21世纪那些不切实际的想法所左右，学学怎样真正来使用语言和工具吧。“他总结道，”让命令行成为泡影，把软盘都扔进历史的垃圾桶吧。“
|
||||
|
||||
> 银汉鱼诺伊斯总是尽忠职守当好她的Linux女孩，那件斗篷她从2007穿到现在了。作为一个白天举止温和的女记者，她晚上像逛夜店一样，为了搜寻最新的小道消息，在Linux博客圈上灌水。你也能在 [Twitter][12]和[Google+][13]上找到她。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/80437.html?rss=1
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.computer.org/portal/web/pressroom/Linus-Torvalds-Named-Recipient-of-the-2014-IEEE-Computer-Society-Computer-Pioneer-Award
|
||||
[2]:http://www.ieee.org/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/80386.html
|
||||
[4]:https://www.facebook.com/netcatband/posts/755205877853161?stream_ref=10
|
||||
[5]:http://www.netcat.co/
|
||||
[6]:http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/79448.html
|
||||
[7]:http://www.linuxvoice.com/commandline-secrets/
|
||||
[8]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cowsay
|
||||
[9]:https://www.linux.com/community/blogs/133-general-linux/10408
|
||||
[10]:http://mrpogson.com/
|
||||
[11]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUI
|
||||
[12]:http://twitter.com/noyesk
|
||||
[13]:https://plus.google.com/+KatherineNoyes?rel=author
|
||||
@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
|
||||
回顾Redhat 7和PclinuxOS 2014.05支持者的秘密
|
||||
====================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
今天Katherine Noyes 宣称自己找到了“linux支持者们命令行中最大的秘密”，但是有位博主却怀疑是否真的有这种说法。其他的消息有Jesse Smith对RHEL 7候选版本和Jamie Watson对新发布的PCLinuxOS 2014.05的一些评论
|
||||
。
|
||||
Katherine Noyes写道：“没有比在安静的周末去酒吧闲聊消磨时间更好的事了，当然上周也是这样做的”。他这样的说法引起了争论，Robert Pogson却说道：“命令行的秘密？根本就没有这样的事情”。是否还有新的东西[等待着你呢][1]？
|
||||
|
||||
在今天的Distrowatch杂志上，Jesse Smith尝试了一下RHEL 7桌面候选版本。在安装上，“从RHEL安装介质启动到一个图形化的系统安装界面，RHEl用了和最近发布的Fedora一样的新的Anaconda安装方式。就我个人来说新的安装方式是一种倒退”他说道。从那儿就有点让人留意，他猜测在桌面版本上那就是大家想要的吧。Smith说他希望有一种图形化的软件包管理工具因为用户只能在命令行下使用YUM源，只能标准的从库里使用。随后GNOME桌面彻底的打垮KDE桌面，有些困惑但是他非常喜欢新配置的防火墙。请看的的[详细报告][2]。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**在**ZDNet.com上，Jamie Watson对新发布的PCLinuxOS 2014.05发表了自己的看法。他说道：
|
||||
|
||||
> 这是个有趣的观点，你可能从它的名字当中想到它包含了很多软件，补丁，驱动在非标准的分支中。最有趣的一点是，基于活动状态对虚拟桌面的配置。这种趋势使PCLinuxOS使用起来既有趣又简单，通过提供一下的桌面环境，个性化的图标:”
|
||||
|
||||
> 互联网包括：浏览器，邮件，聊天工具
|
||||
|
||||
> 工作包括：office、kile、scribus
|
||||
|
||||
> 娱乐包括：游戏
|
||||
|
||||
> 多媒体包括：音乐，视频的编辑和创作
|
||||
|
||||
> 图片：浏览，编辑和创作
|
||||
|
||||
> 管理包括：系统管理任务
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
“PCLinuxOS始终使用原来的安装方式，它来自于Mandriva/Mandrake安装方式”Watson提到。它还带来了新的内核，最新的软件，和多样化互动的界面。[他总结道][3]：“这个新发布的PcLinuxOS版本很不错”。另外Watson在几周前也测试过了Ubuntu、Debian和LMDE。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://ostatic.com/blog/pros-secrets-and-red-hat-7-and-pclinuxos-2014-05-reviews
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[jiajia9linuxer](https://github.com/jiajia9linuxer) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/Linux-Pros-Top-Command-Line-Secrets-80437.html
|
||||
[2]:http://distrowatch.com/weekly.php?issue=20140512#feature
|
||||
[3]:http://www.zdnet.com/hands-on-with-pclinuxos-2014-05-kde-and-lxde-the-linux-with-something-for-everyone-7000029297/
|
||||
[4]:http://www.zdnet.com/testing-ubuntu-debian-and-lmde-on-my-new-notebook-7000029202/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
|
||||
Translating by yujianxuechuan,占坑
|
||||
How to set up Internet connection sharing with iptables on Linux
|
||||
怎样使用linux的iptables工具进行网络共享
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
In this tutorial, I'll explain how to share a single Internet connection among multiple devices on Linux. While consumer-grade WiFi routers have become mainstream nowadays, making this problem a non-issue, suppose you don't have one at home. However, say you have a Linux box already assembled with a modem and a LAN card. The modem is connected to the Internet with a dynamic public IP address, and the LAN card connected to your switch/hub. Other devices (Linux/Windows PC, laptop) are connected to the switch without having any Internet connection. To share the Internet connection of the Linux box, you have to turn the box into a gateway, so that it can relay traffic to and from other devices.
|
||||
在本教程中，我将解释多个设备怎样在linux下共享一个网络连接。目前无线路由器已经成为主流的消费品，从而解决了本文这一问题，假设你家中并没有一台无线路由器。然而，你却有一台已经有"猫"和局lan网卡的的linux主机。"猫"是以动态公有IP地址的模式连接的互联网，主机的lan网卡连接到你的交换机或者集线器。其他设备（如linux或者windows的PC或者笔记本）以网桥的形式连接并无互联网连接。为了共享linux主机的互联网，你必须把主机摄制成网关，于是它才能实现从其他设备中传送和接受信息。
|
||||
### Glossary of Terms ###
|
||||
术语字汇
|
||||
- **Private IP address** (non-routeable address) is an IP address used for a Local Area Network (not visible through Internet).
|
||||
- **Public IP address** (routeable address) is an IP address that is visible through Internet.
|
||||
- **IP masquerading** is a function that allows set of machines to reach the Internet via a MASQ gateway. Those machines behind the MASQ gateway is never visible to the Internet. Any outgoing and incoming traffic from and to the machines behind the MASQ gateway must pass through the MASQ gateway.
|
||||
- **Network Address Translation** (NAT) is a function that can make a private IP address reaches the Internet with the help of IP masquerading.
|
||||
-私有IP地址（不可到达地址）是一个被用于本地局域网的IP地址（在互联网中不可见）。
|
||||
-公用IP地址（可到达地址）是一个在互联网中可见的IP地址。
|
||||
IP伪装是一项允许一系列机器通过MASQ网关连接互联网的功能。这些MASQ网关之外的机器在互联网中是不可见的。MASQ之后的机器中任何流入或流出的数据必须经过MASQ网关。
|
||||
-网络地址转换（NAT）是一项通过IP伪装技术可以使私有IP地址访问互联网的功能。
|
||||
### Hardware Requirements ###
|
||||
硬件要求
|
||||
- One Linux box with two interfaces (one public IP address and the other private IP address), which will be used as a gateway.
|
||||
- One or more Linux/Windows PC or laptop with private IP addresses.
|
||||
- Switch/HUB (optional).
|
||||
-一台有两个接口（一个公有IP地址和其他的私有IP地址）的linux主机，这个主机将被用作网关。
|
||||
-一台或者多台拥有私有IP地址的linux/windows系统的PC或者笔记本。
|
||||
-交换机/集线器（可选）。
|
||||
### Step-by-Step Guide ###
|
||||
教程步骤
|
||||
The following procedure is required on the Linux box (the connection sharing gateway).
|
||||
接下来的过程需要在linux主机（用于共享的网关）上完成。
|
||||
#### 1. Activate IP forwarding ####
|
||||
1、激活IP转发
|
||||
In order to set up Internet connection sharing, you need to enable IP forwarding on the Linux box with a kernel parameter. Startup kernel parameters stored in /etc/sysctl.conf.
|
||||
为了设置网络共享，你需要在linux主机上更改一个内核参数来使能IP转发功能。内核启动参数设定在/etc/sysctl.conf文件中。
|
||||
Open the file, and locate line with the following parameter "# net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0". Remove hash mark (i.e., uncomment it), and set the value to 1. It should look like the following:
|
||||
打开这个文件，定位到含有"# net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0"的这一行，移除#号（即取消注释），然后将其值设置为1，改好之后应该和下面的一致。
|
||||
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
|
||||
|
||||
You may also activate IP forwaring at run time by the following command:
|
||||
你还要使激活IP转发功能生效，通过执行下面的命令：
|
||||
$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
|
||||
$ sudo sysctl -p
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2. NAT configuration ####
|
||||
2、NAT配置
|
||||
Another important part of Internet connection sharing is NAT configuration which can be done using iptables command. iptables maintains four firewall tables:
|
||||
另一个网络共享的重要部分是NAT配置，这可以通过使用iptables的命令，iptables包含四个防火墙的表格：
|
||||
- FILTER (the default table)
|
||||
- NAT
|
||||
- MANGLE
|
||||
- RAW
|
||||
- FILTER (默认表格)
|
||||
- NAT
|
||||
- MANGLE
|
||||
- RAW
|
||||
|
||||
In this tutorial we will use only two tables: FILTER and NAT tables.
|
||||
这个教程中我们将仅使用两个表格：FILTER和NAT表格。
|
||||
First, flush all active firewall rules.
|
||||
首先，刷新所有活跃的防火墙的规则。
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -X
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -F
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -t nat -X
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -t nat -F
|
||||
|
||||
On the INPUT table, you have to set chain FORWARD to ACCEPT target, so all packets passed through the box will be processed correctly.
|
||||
在输入表格中，你需要设置转发链成可接受的目的地，因此艘游通过主机的数据包将会被正确的处理。
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -I INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -I FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
||||
|
||||
On the NAT table, you have to enable IP masquerading for your WAN interface. We assume that the WAN interface is ppp0. To enable IP masquerading on ppp0 interface, you can use the following command:
|
||||
在NAT表中，你必须为你的WAN口使能IP伪装，我们假设WAN口协议是ppp0。为了在ppp0接口上使能IP伪造技术，我们使用以下的命令：
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3. Configuring a private IP address ####
|
||||
3、配置私有IP地址
|
||||
After all configuration is completed on the Linux box, you have to configure the DNS server and default gateway of other devices (Linux/Windows PC, laptop), so that they point to the Linux box. Note that you don't need to set up a DNS server on the Linux box. Every DNS request from other devices are automatically forwarded by the Linux box to your upstream ISP.
|
||||
在linux主机上的所有配置完成后，你需要配置其他设备（linux/windows的PC或笔记本）的DNS服务器以及默认网关，因此他们的数据流可以指向linux主机。注意你不需要在linux主机上设置一个DNS服务器，从其他设备发出的每一个DNS请求都会通过上游的ISP自动转发到linux主机上。
|
||||
If you are using Linux on the other devices, you can use the following command to change their default gateway and DNS servers. I assume that you are using 192.168.1.0/24 private IP address segment, and that 192.168.1.1 is the IP address assigned to the Linux box.
|
||||
如果你的其他设备上用的系统是linux，你可以通过以下命令来更改他们的默认网关和DNS服务器。假设你的网段是192.168.1.0/24的私有IP地址网段，linux主机上绑定的IP地址是192.168.1.1。
|
||||
$ sudo ip route del default
|
||||
$ sudo ip route add default via 192.168.1.1
|
||||
$ sudo sh -c "echo 'nameserver 192.168.1.1' > /etc/resolv.conf"
|
||||
|
||||
If you have other Linux devices, you can repeat the command above on other devices.
|
||||
如果还有其他的linux设备，那么你可以重复以上命令。
|
||||
If you have a Windows device, you can change the default gateway and the DNS server via network connection properties on the control panel.
|
||||
如果你有windows设备，你可以通过控制面板的网络连接属性来更改默认网关和DNS服务器。
|
||||
#### 4. The complete script ####
|
||||
4、完整的脚本
|
||||
Here is the complete script which sets up Internet connection sharing on the Linux box. The WAN interface (ppp0) needs to be replaced according to your environment.
|
||||
这是一个在linux主机上设置网络连接共享的一个完整的脚本。WAN口（ppp0协议）需要根据你具体的网络接口协议来替换。
|
||||
$ sudo vi /usr/local/bin/ishare
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
In this tutorial we will use only two tables: FILTER and NAT tables.
|
||||
|
||||
First, flush all active firewall rules.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -X
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -F
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -t nat -X
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -t nat -F
|
||||
|
||||
On the INPUT table, you have to set chain FORWARD to ACCEPT target, so all packets passed through the box will be processed correctly.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -I INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -I FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
||||
|
||||
On the NAT table, you have to enable IP masquerading for your WAN interface. We assume that the WAN interface is ppp0. To enable IP masquerading on ppp0 interface, you can use the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3. Configuring a private IP address ####
|
||||
|
||||
After all configuration is completed on the Linux box, you have to configure the DNS server and default gateway of other devices (Linux/Windows PC, laptop), so that they point to the Linux box. Note that you don't need to set up a DNS server on the Linux box. Every DNS request from other devices are automatically forwarded by the Linux box to your upstream ISP.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using Linux on the other devices, you can use the following command to change their default gateway and DNS servers. I assume that you are using 192.168.1.0/24 private IP address segment, and that 192.168.1.1 is the IP address assigned to the Linux box.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo ip route del default
|
||||
$ sudo ip route add default via 192.168.1.1
|
||||
$ sudo sh -c "echo 'nameserver 192.168.1.1' > /etc/resolv.conf"
|
||||
|
||||
If you have other Linux devices, you can repeat the command above on other devices.
|
||||
|
||||
If you have a Windows device, you can change the default gateway and the DNS server via network connection properties on the control panel.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4. The complete script ####
|
||||
|
||||
Here is the complete script which sets up Internet connection sharing on the Linux box. The WAN interface (ppp0) needs to be replaced according to your environment.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo vi /usr/local/bin/ishare
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
|
||||
## Internet connection shating script
|
||||
|
||||
sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
|
||||
sysctl -p
|
||||
iptables -X
|
||||
iptables -F
|
||||
iptables -t nat -X
|
||||
iptables -t nat -F
|
||||
iptables -I INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
||||
iptables -I FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
||||
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
|
||||
|
||||
Save the above script to /usr/local/bin/ishare, and then change the executable bit by the following command.
|
||||
保存以上的脚本到/usr/local/bin/ishare，然后添加可执行权限通过执行下面的命令。
|
||||
$ sudo chmox +x /usr/local/bin/ishare
|
||||
|
||||
If you want the script executed every startup, you can register the script to /etc/rc.local. Open /etc/rc.local, before statement "exit 0", add the following line:
|
||||
如果你需要这个脚本开机启动，你需要在/etc/rc.local文件中注册这个脚本，在文件中的"exit 0"之前添加下面一行。
|
||||
/usr/local/bin/ishare
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/06/internet-connection-sharing-iptables-linux.html
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user