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sources/tech/20140925 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to detect a Linux distribution in Perl.md
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Linux FAQs with Answers--How to detect a Linux distribution in Perl
================================================================================
> **Question**: I need to write a Perl program which contains Linux distro-dependent code. For that, the Perl program needs to be able to automatically detect what Linux distribution (e.g., Ubuntu, CentOS, Debian, Fedora, etc) it is running on, and what version number it is. How can I identify Linux distribution in Perl?
If you want to detect Linux distribution within a Perl script, you can use a Perl module named [Linux::Distribution][1]. This module guesses the underlying Linux operating system by examining /etc/lsb-release, and other distro-specific files under /etc directory. It supports detecting all major Linux distributions, including Fedora, CentOS, Arch Linux, Debian, Ubuntu, SuSe, Red Hat, Gentoo, Slackware, Knoppix, and Mandrake.
To use this module in a Perl program, you need to install it first.
### Install Linux::Distribution on Debian or Ubuntu ###
Installation on Debian-based system is straightforward with apt-get:
$ sudo apt-get install liblinux-distribution-packages-perl
### Install Linux::Distribution on Fedora, CentOS or RHEL ###
If Linux::Distribution module is not available as a package in your Linux (such as on Red Hat based systems), you can use CPAN to build it.
First, make sure that you have CPAN installed on your Linux system:
$ sudo yum -y install perl-CPAN
Then use this command to build and install the module:
$ sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Linux::Distribution'
### Identify a Linux Distribution in Perl ###
Once Linux::Distribution module is installed, you can use the following code snippet to identify on which Linux distribution you are running.
use Linux::Distribution qw(distribution_name distribution_version);
my $linux = Linux::Distribution->new;
if ($linux) {
my $distro = $linux->distribution_name();
my $version = $linux->distribution_version();
print "Distro: $distro $version\n";
}
else {
print "Distro: unknown\n";
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/detect-linux-distribution-in-perl.html
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[1]:https://metacpan.org/pod/Linux::Distribution

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Linux有问必答-- 如何用Perl检测Linux的发行版本
================================================================================
> **提问**:我需要写一个Perl程序，它会包含Linux发行版相关的代码。为此，Perl程序需要能够自动检测运行中的Linux的发行版（如Ubuntu、CentOS、Debian、Fedora等等），以及它是什么版本号。如何用Perl检测Linux的发行版本？
如果要用Perl脚本检测Linux的发行版，你可以使用一个名为[Linux::Distribution][1]的Perl模块。该模块通过检查/etc/lsb-release以及其他特定的/etc下的发行版特定的目录来猜测底层Linux操作系统。它支持检测所有主要的Linux发行版，包括Fedora、CentOS、Arch Linux、Debian、Ubuntu、SUSE、Red Hat、Gentoo、Slackware、Knoppix和Mandrake。
要在Perl中使用这个模块，你首先需要安装它。
### 在Debian或者Ubuntu上安装 Linux::Distribution ###
基于Debian的系统直接用apt-get安装
$ sudo apt-get install liblinux-distribution-packages-perl
### 在Fedora、CentOS 或者RHEL上安装 Linux::Distribution ###
如果你的Linux没有Linux::Distribution模块的安装包（如基于红帽的系统），你可以使用CPAN来构建。
首先确保你的Linux系统安装了CPAN
$ sudo yum -y install perl-CPAN
使用这条命令来构建并安装模块：
$ sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Linux::Distribution'
### 用Perl确定Linux发行版 ###
Linux::Distribution模块安装完成之后，你可以使用下面的代码片段来确定你运行的Linux发行版本。
use Linux::Distribution qw(distribution_name distribution_version);
my $linux = Linux::Distribution->new;
if ($linux) {
my $distro = $linux->distribution_name();
my $version = $linux->distribution_version();
print "Distro: $distro $version\n";
}
else {
print "Distro: unknown\n";
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/detect-linux-distribution-in-perl.html
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[1]:https://metacpan.org/pod/Linux::Distribution