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Xingyu Wang
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (wxy)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Navigating your Linux files with ranger)
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[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3583890/navigating-your-linux-files-with-ranger.html)
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[#]: author: (Sandra Henry-Stocker https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/)
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Navigating your Linux files with ranger
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======
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Ranger is a great tool for providing a multi-level view of your Linux files and allowing you to both browse and make changes using arrow keys and some handy commands.
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[Heidi Sandstrom][1] [(CC0)][2]
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Ranger is a unique and very handy file system navigator that allows you to move around in your Linux file system, go in and out of subdirectories, view text-file contents and even make changes to files without leaving the tool.
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It runs in a terminal window and lets you navigate by pressing arrow keys. It provides a multi-level file display that makes it easy to see where you are, move around the file system and select particular files.
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To install ranger, use your standard install command (e.g., **sudo apt install ranger**). To start it, simply type “ranger”. It comes with a lengthy, very detailed man page, but getting started with ranger is very simple.
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[[Get regularly scheduled insights by signing up for Network World newsletters.]][3]
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### The ranger display
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One of the most important things you need to get used to right away is ranger’s way of displaying files. Once you start ranger, you will see four columns of data. The first column is one level up from wherever you started ranger. If you start from your home directory, for example, ranger will list all of the home directories in column 1. The second column will show the first screenful of directories and files in your home directory (or whatever directory you start it from).
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The key here is moving past any inclination you might have to see the details in each line of the display as related. All the entries in column 2 relate to a single entry in column 1 and content in column 4 relates to the selected file or directory in column 2.
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Unlike your normal command-line view, directories will be listed first (alphanumerically) and files will be listed second (also alphanumerically). Starting in your home directory, the display might look something like this:
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```
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shs@dragonfly /home/shs/backups <== current selection
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bugfarm backups 0 empty
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dory bin 59
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eel Buttons 15
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nemo Desktop 0
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shark Documents 0
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shs Downloads 1
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^ ^ ^ ^
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homes directories # files listing
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in selected in each of files in
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home directory selected directory
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```
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The top line in ranger's display tells you where you are. In the abive example, the current directory is **/home/shs/backups**. We see the highlighted word "empty" because there are no files in this directory. If we press the down arrow key to select **bin** instead, we'll see a list of files:
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```
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shs@dragonfly /home/shs/bin <== current selection
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bugfarm backups 0 append
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dory bin 59 calcPower
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eel Buttons 15 cap
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nemo Desktop 0 extract
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shark Documents 0 finddups
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shs Downloads 1 fix
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^ ^ ^ ^
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homes directories # files listing
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in selected in each of files in
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home directory selected directory
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```
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The highlighted entries in each column show the current selections. Use the right arrow to move into deeper directories or view file content.
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If you continue pressing the down arrow key to move to the file portion of the listing, you will note that the third column will show file sizes (instead of the numbers of files). The "current selection" line will also display the currently selected file name while the rightmost column displays the file content when possible.
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```
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shs@dragonfly /home/shs/busy_wait.c <== current selection
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bugfarm BushyRidge.zip 170 K /*
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dory busy_wait.c 338 B * program that does a busy wait
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eel camper.jpg 5.55 M * it's used to show ASLR, and that's it
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nemo check_lockscreen 80 B */
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shark chkrootkit-output 438 B #include <stdio.h>
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^ ^ ^ ^
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homes files sizes file content
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```
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The bottom line of the display will show some file and directory details:
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```
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-rw-rw-r—- shs shs 338B 2019-01-05 14:44 1.52G, 365G free 67/488 11%
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```
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If you select a directory and press enter, you will move into that directory. The leftmost column in your display will then be a listing of the contents of your home directory, and the second column will be a file listing of the directory contents. You can then examine the contents of subdirectories and the contents of files.
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Press the left arrow key to move back up a level.
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Quit ranger by pressing "q".
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### Making changes
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You can press **?** to bring up a help line at the bottom of your screen. It should look like this:
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```
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View [m]an page, [k]ey bindings, [c]commands or [s]ettings? (press q to abort)
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```
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Press **c** and ranger will provide information on commands that you can use within the tool. For example, you can change permissions on the current file by entering **:chmod** followed by the intended permissions. For example, once a file is selected, you can type **:chmod 700** to set permissions to **rwx------**.
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Typing **:edit** instead would open the file in **nano** and allow you to make changes and then save the file using **nano** commands.
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### Wrap-Up
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There are more ways to use **ranger** than are described in this post. The tool provides a very different way to list and interact with files on a Linux system and is easy to navigate once you get used to its multi-tiered way of listing directories and files and using arrow keys in place of **cd** commands to move around.
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Join the Network World communities on [Facebook][4] and [LinkedIn][5] to comment on topics that are top of mind.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3583890/navigating-your-linux-files-with-ranger.html
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作者：[Sandra Henry-Stocker][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://unsplash.com/photos/mHC0qJ7l-ls
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[2]: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
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[3]: https://www.networkworld.com/newsletters/signup.html
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[4]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
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[5]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world
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@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (wxy)
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Navigating your Linux files with ranger)
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[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3583890/navigating-your-linux-files-with-ranger.html)
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[#]: author: (Sandra Henry-Stocker https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/)
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用 ranger 在 Linux 文件的海洋中导航
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=====
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> ranger 是一个很好的工具，它为你的 Linux 文件提供了一个多级视图，并允许你使用方向键和一些方便的命令进行浏览和更改。
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`ranger` 是一款独特且非常方便的文件系统导航器，它允许你在 Linux 文件系统中移动，进出子目录，查看文本文件内容，甚至可以在不离开该工具的情况下对文件进行修改。
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它运行在终端窗口中，并允许你按下方向键进行导航。它提供了一个多级的文件显示，让你很容易看到你在哪里、在文件系统中移动、并选择特定的文件。
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要安装 `ranger`，请使用标准的安装命令（例如，`sudo apt install ranger`）。要启动它，只需键入 `ranger`。它有一个很长的、非常详细的手册页面，但开始使用 `ranger` 非常简单。
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### ranger 的显示方式
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你需要马上习惯的最重要的一件事就是 `ranger` 的文件显示方式。一旦你启动了 `ranger`，你会看到四列数据。第一列是你启动 `ranger` 的位置的上一级。例如，如果你从主目录开始，`ranger` 将在第一列中列出所有的主目录。第二列将显示你的主目录（或者你开始的目录）中的目录和文件的第一屏内容。
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这里的关键是超越你可能有的任何习惯，将每一行显示的细节看作是相关的。第二列中的所有条目与第一列中的单个条目相关，第四列中的内容与第二列中选定的文件或目录相关。
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与一般的命令行视图不同的是，目录将被列在第一位（按字母数字顺序），文件将被列在第二位（也是按字母数字顺序）。从你的主目录开始，显示的内容可能是这样的：
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```
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shs@dragonfly /home/shs/backups <== current selection
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bugfarm backups 0 empty
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dory bin 59
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eel Buttons 15
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nemo Desktop 0
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shark Documents 0
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shs Downloads 1
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^ ^ ^ ^
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homes directories # files listing
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in selected in each of files in
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home directory selected directory
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```
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`ranger` 显示的最上面一行告诉你在哪里。在这个例子中，当前目录是 `/home/shs/backups`。我们看到高亮显示的是 `empty`，因为这个目录中没有文件。如果我们按下方向键选择 `bin`，我们会看到一个文件列表：
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```
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shs@dragonfly /home/shs/bin <== current selection
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bugfarm backups 0 append
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dory bin 59 calcPower
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eel Buttons 15 cap
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nemo Desktop 0 extract
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shark Documents 0 finddups
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shs Downloads 1 fix
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^ ^ ^ ^
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homes directories # files listing
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in selected in each of files in
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home directory selected directory
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```
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每一列中高亮显示的条目显示了当前的选择。使用右方向键可移动到更深的目录或查看文件内容。
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如果你继续按下方向键移动到列表的文件部分，你会注意到第三列将显示文件大小（而不是文件的数量）。“当前选择”行也会显示当前选择的文件名，而最右边的一列则会尽可能地显示文件内容。
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```
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shs@dragonfly /home/shs/busy_wait.c <== current selection
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bugfarm BushyRidge.zip 170 K /*
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dory busy_wait.c 338 B * program that does a busy wait
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eel camper.jpg 5.55 M * it's used to show ASLR, and that's it
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nemo check_lockscreen 80 B */
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shark chkrootkit-output 438 B #include <stdio.h>
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^ ^ ^ ^
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homes files sizes file content
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```
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在该显示的底行会显示一些文件和目录的详细信息：
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```
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-rw-rw-r—- shs shs 338B 2019-01-05 14:44 1.52G, 365G free 67/488 11%
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```
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如果你选择了一个目录并按下回车键，你将进入该目录。然后，在你的显示屏中最左边的一列将是你的主目录的内容列表，第二列将是该目录内容的文件列表。然后你可以检查子目录的内容和文件的内容。
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按左方向键可以向上移动一级。
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按 `q` 键退出 `ranger`。
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### 做出改变
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你可以按 `?` 键，在屏幕底部弹出一条帮助行。它看起来应该是这样的：
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```
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View [m]an page, [k]ey bindings, [c]commands or [s]ettings? (press q to abort)
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```
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按 `c` 键，`ranger` 将提供你可以在该工具内使用的命令信息。例如，你可以通过输入 `:chmod` 来改变当前文件的权限，后面跟着预期的权限。例如，一旦选择了一个文件，你可以输入 `:chmod 700` 将权限设置为 `rwx------`。
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输入 `:edit` 可以在 `nano` 中打开该文件，允许你进行修改，然后使用 `nano` 的命令保存文件。
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### 总结
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使用 `ranger` 的方法比本篇文章所描述的更多。该工具提供了一种非常不同的方式来列出 Linux 系统上的文件并与之交互，一旦你习惯了它的多级的目录和文件列表方式，并使用方向键代替 `cd` 命令来移动，就可以很轻松地在 Linux 的文件中导航。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3583890/navigating-your-linux-files-with-ranger.html
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作者：[Sandra Henry-Stocker][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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||||
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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||||
[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://unsplash.com/photos/mHC0qJ7l-ls
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||||
[2]: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
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||||
[3]: https://www.networkworld.com/newsletters/signup.html
|
||||
[4]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
|
||||
[5]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world
|
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