This commit is contained in:
Xingyu Wang 2020-04-23 12:57:35 +08:00
parent 923725556c
commit 2a11ad1751
2 changed files with 89 additions and 110 deletions

View File

@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (wxy)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Difference Between YUM and RPM Package Manager)
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-yum-vs-rpm/)
[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
Difference Between YUM and RPM Package Manager
======
Package managers play a key role in the Linux system.
It allows you to install, update, view, search and delete software packages to suit your needs.
Each of the distributions has their own set of package managers and use them based on your Linux distributions.
RPM is one of the oldest traditional package managers, designed to work on Red Hat-based systems such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), CentOS, Fedora and openSUSE (which is based on suse Enterprise Linux).
But when it comes to dependency resolution and package update (full system update/upgrade), there is an prominent limitation for RPM package manager.
If you want to know the **[difference between yum and dnf package manager][1]** go to the following article.
This means that yum can download and install all required dependencies automatically, but rpm will tell you to install a list of dependencies, and then you have to manually install them.
This is practically impossible and time consuming when you want to install a group of packages using the **[rpm command][2]**.
Thats where the **[YUM Package Manager][3]** comes in handy and solve both problems.
### Whats RPM?
RPM refers to RPM Package Manager (formerly known as Red Hat Package Manager) is a powerful, command-line package management tool developed for the Red Hat operating system.
It is now used as a core component in many Linux distributions such as Centos, Fedora, Oracle Linux, openSUSE and Mageia.
RPM Package Manager allows you to install, upgrade, delete, query and verify packages on RPM-based Linux systems.
RPM files comes with the `.rpm` extension. The RPM package consists of an archive file, that contains libraries and dependencies for a specific package, that do not conflict with other packages installed on your system.
There are many front-end tools available on Linux to install the RPM package that make the installation process more efficiently compared to the RPM tool, especially for handling dependencies.
If you want to know more about the front-end package manager of Linux distributions, go to the link below.
* **[List of Front-ent Command-line Package Manager for Linux][4]**
If you would like GUI package manager for Linux, go to the link below.
* **[List of GUI Package Manager for Linux][5]**
### Whats YUM?
Yum is a free and open-source command-line package-management application for Linux operating systems that uses the RPM Package Manager.
Yum is a front-end tool for rpm that automatically solves dependencies for packages.
It installs RPM software packages from distribution official repositories and other third-party repositories.
Yum allows you to install, update, search and remove packages from your system.
If you want to keep your system up-to-date, you can enable automatic updates via yum-cron.
Also, it allows you to exclude a package or packages from the yum update if you need to.
Yum is installed by default and you do not need to install it.
S.No | RPM | YUM
---|---|---
1 | Red Hat introduced RPM in 1997. | Yellowdog UPdater (YUP) was developed in 1999-2001 and YUM replaced the original YUP utility in 2003.
2 | RPM stands for RPM Package manager (formally known as Red Hat package manager) | YUM stands for Yellowdog Updater Modified.
3 | The RPM File Naming Convention is as follows.
httpd-2.4.6-92.el7.x86_64.rpm
httpd - Name of the actual package
2.4.6 - Version of package release
92 - Subversion of package release
el7 - Red Hat Version
x86_64 - Hardware architecture
rpm - File extension | It uses the rpm database in the backend.
4 | It doesn't resolve dependencies, you must install them manually. | It automatically resolves dependencies and install them simultaneously (any package will be installed with its dependencies).
5 | This allows you to install multiple versions of the package at once | This does not allow and shows that the package is already installed.
6 | When installing a package using the RPM command you must provide the exact location of the ".rpm" package. | You can install any package available in the repository, but you only need to know the package name.
7 | RPM is not dependent on YUM | It is a frontend tool that uses the RPM package manager on the backend to manage packages.
8 | It is difficult to manage RPM in terms of package installation | YUM is the easiest way to manage RPM packages.
9 | RPM doesn't allow you to upgrade the entire system to the latest available version | YUM allows you to upgrade your system to the latest available version (minor version upgrade, for example, 7.0 to 7.x)
10 | RPM doesn't allow you to automatically update/upgrade packages installed on your system | YUM allows you to automatically update/upgrade the updates available on your system.
11 | It doesn't use the online repository to perform any actions. | It relies entirely on the online repository to do all the work.
12 | RPM is a package format and it is a low-level package manager that does basic things. | This is a top-level front-end package manager that can do everything you need.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-yum-vs-rpm/
作者:[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
选题:[lujun9972][b]
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-dnf-vs-yum/
[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-rpm-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-centos-rhel-systems/
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/list-of-command-line-package-manager-for-linux/
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/list-of-graphical-frontend-tool-for-linux-package-manager/

View File

@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (wxy)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Difference Between YUM and RPM Package Manager)
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-yum-vs-rpm/)
[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
YUM 和 RPM 包管理器的不同之处
======
软件包管理器在 Linux 系统中扮演着重要的角色。它允许你安装、更新、查看、搜索和删除软件包,以满足你的需求。
每个发行版都有自己的一套包管理器,依据你的 Linux 发行版来分别使用它们。
RPM 是最古老的传统软件包管理器之一,它是为基于 Red Hat 的系统设计的,如 Red Hat Enterprise LinuxRHEL、CentOS、Fedora 和 openSUSE它基于 suse Enterprise Linux等系统。但在依赖解析和包更新全系统更新/升级方面RPM 包管理器有一个突出的限制。
> 如果你想知道 [YUM 和 DNF 包管理器的区别][1]请参考该文章。
这意味着 yum 可以自动下载并安装所有需要的依赖项,但 rpm 会告诉你安装一个依赖项列表,然后你必须手动安装。
当你想用 [rpm 命令][2] 安装一组包时,这实际上是不可能的,而且很费时间。
这时,[YUM 包管理器][3] 就派上了用场,解决了这两个问题。
### 什么是 RPM
RPM 指的是 RPM Package Manager原名 Red Hat Package Manager是一个功能强大的命令行包管理工具是为 Red Hat 操作系统开发的。
它现在被用作许多 Linux 发行版的核心组件,如 Centos、Fedora、Oracle Linux、openSUSE 和 Mageia 等。
RPM 软件包管理器允许你在基于 RPM 的 Linux 系统上安装、升级、删除、查询和验证软件包。
RPM 文件的扩展名为 `.rpm`。RPM 包由一个存档文件组成,其中包含了一个特定包的库和依赖关系,这些库和依赖关系与系统上安装的其他包不冲突。
在 Linux 上有很多前端工具可以用来安装 RPM 包,与 RPM 工具相比,这些工具可以使安装过程更加高效,尤其是在处理依赖关系方面。
如果你想了解更多关于 Linux 发行版的前端包管理器的信息,请到下面的链接。
* [Linux 命令行包管理器列表][4]
如果你想了解 Linux 的 GUI 包管理器,请到下面的链接。
* [Linux GUI 包管理器列表][5]
### 什么是 YUM
Yum 是一个 Linux 操作系统上的自由开源的命令行包管理程序,它使用 RPM 包管理器。Yum 是一个 RPM 的前端工具,可以自动解决软件包的依赖关系。它可以从发行版官方仓库和其他第三方仓库中安装 RPM 软件包。
Yum 允许你在系统中安装、更新、搜索和删除软件包。如果你想让你的系统保持更新,你可以通过 yum-cron 启用自动更新。
此外,如果你需要的话,它还允许你在 `yum update` 中排除一个或多个软件包。
Yum 是默认安装的,你不需要安装它。
编号 | RPM | YUM
--- | --- | ---
1 | 红帽在 1997 年引入了 RPM | Yellowdog UPdaterYUP开发于 1999-2001 年YUM 于 2003 年取代了原来的 YUP 工具
2 | RPM 代表 RPM Package manager原名 Red Hat package manager | YUM 代表 Yellowdog Updater Modified
3 | RPM 文件的命名规则如下,`httpd-2.4.6-92.el7.x86_64.rpm``httpd` - 实际的包名;`2.4.6` - 包发布版本号;`92` - 包发布子版本号;`el7` - Red Hat 版本;`x86_64` - 硬件架构;`rpm` - 文件扩展名 | 后台使用 rpm 数据库
4 | 不解析依赖关系,你必须手动安装依赖 | 可以自动解析依赖关系并同时安装它们(任何包都会和它的依赖关系一起安装)
5 | 允许你同时安装多个版本的软件包 | 不允许,并显示该软件包已经安装
6 | 当使用 RPM 命令安装一个软件包时,你必须提供 `.rpm` 软件包的确切位置 | 你可以安装仓库中的任何软件包,而你只需要知道软件包的名称就可以了
7 | RPM 不依赖于 YUM | 它是一个前端工具,在后台使用 RPM 包管理器来管理包
8 | RPM 在安装包的管理方面比较难 | YUM 是最简单的管理 RPM 包的方法
9 | RPM 不能让你将整个系统升级到最新的版本 | YUM 可以让你将系统升级到最新的版本(例如 7.0 到 7.x 的小版本升级)
10 | RPM 不能让你自动更新/升级安装在系统上的软件包 | YUM 可以让你自动更新/升级系统上的更新
11 | 不使用在线仓库来执行任何操作 | 完全依赖在线仓库来完成所有的工作
12 | RPM 是一种包格式,它也是一个底层的包管理器,只做基本的事情 | 这是一个上层的包管理器前端,它可以完成你所需要的一切工作
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-yum-vs-rpm/
作者:[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
选题:[lujun9972][b]
译者:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-dnf-vs-yum/
[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-rpm-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-centos-rhel-systems/
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/list-of-command-line-package-manager-for-linux/
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/list-of-graphical-frontend-tool-for-linux-package-manager/