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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (wxy)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Difference Between YUM and RPM Package Manager)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-yum-vs-rpm/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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Difference Between YUM and RPM Package Manager
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======
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Package managers play a key role in the Linux system.
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It allows you to install, update, view, search and delete software packages to suit your needs.
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Each of the distributions has their own set of package managers and use them based on your Linux distributions.
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RPM is one of the oldest traditional package managers, designed to work on Red Hat-based systems such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), CentOS, Fedora and openSUSE (which is based on suse Enterprise Linux).
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But when it comes to dependency resolution and package update (full system update/upgrade), there is an prominent limitation for RPM package manager.
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If you want to know the **[difference between yum and dnf package manager][1]** go to the following article.
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This means that yum can download and install all required dependencies automatically, but rpm will tell you to install a list of dependencies, and then you have to manually install them.
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This is practically impossible and time consuming when you want to install a group of packages using the **[rpm command][2]**.
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That’s where the **[YUM Package Manager][3]** comes in handy and solve both problems.
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### What’s RPM?
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RPM refers to RPM Package Manager (formerly known as Red Hat Package Manager) is a powerful, command-line package management tool developed for the Red Hat operating system.
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It is now used as a core component in many Linux distributions such as Centos, Fedora, Oracle Linux, openSUSE and Mageia.
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RPM Package Manager allows you to install, upgrade, delete, query and verify packages on RPM-based Linux systems.
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RPM files comes with the `.rpm` extension. The RPM package consists of an archive file, that contains libraries and dependencies for a specific package, that do not conflict with other packages installed on your system.
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There are many front-end tools available on Linux to install the RPM package that make the installation process more efficiently compared to the RPM tool, especially for handling dependencies.
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If you want to know more about the front-end package manager of Linux distributions, go to the link below.
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* **[List of Front-ent Command-line Package Manager for Linux][4]**
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If you would like GUI package manager for Linux, go to the link below.
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* **[List of GUI Package Manager for Linux][5]**
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### What’s YUM?
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Yum is a free and open-source command-line package-management application for Linux operating systems that uses the RPM Package Manager.
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Yum is a front-end tool for rpm that automatically solves dependencies for packages.
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It installs RPM software packages from distribution official repositories and other third-party repositories.
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Yum allows you to install, update, search and remove packages from your system.
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If you want to keep your system up-to-date, you can enable automatic updates via yum-cron.
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Also, it allows you to exclude a package or packages from the yum update if you need to.
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Yum is installed by default and you do not need to install it.
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S.No | RPM | YUM
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---|---|---
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1 | Red Hat introduced RPM in 1997. | Yellowdog UPdater (YUP) was developed in 1999-2001 and YUM replaced the original YUP utility in 2003.
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2 | RPM stands for RPM Package manager (formally known as Red Hat package manager) | YUM stands for Yellowdog Updater Modified.
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3 | The RPM File Naming Convention is as follows.
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httpd-2.4.6-92.el7.x86_64.rpm
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httpd - Name of the actual package
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2.4.6 - Version of package release
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92 - Subversion of package release
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el7 - Red Hat Version
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x86_64 - Hardware architecture
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rpm - File extension | It uses the rpm database in the backend.
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4 | It doesn't resolve dependencies, you must install them manually. | It automatically resolves dependencies and install them simultaneously (any package will be installed with its dependencies).
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5 | This allows you to install multiple versions of the package at once | This does not allow and shows that the package is already installed.
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6 | When installing a package using the RPM command you must provide the exact location of the ".rpm" package. | You can install any package available in the repository, but you only need to know the package name.
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7 | RPM is not dependent on YUM | It is a frontend tool that uses the RPM package manager on the backend to manage packages.
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8 | It is difficult to manage RPM in terms of package installation | YUM is the easiest way to manage RPM packages.
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9 | RPM doesn't allow you to upgrade the entire system to the latest available version | YUM allows you to upgrade your system to the latest available version (minor version upgrade, for example, 7.0 to 7.x)
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10 | RPM doesn't allow you to automatically update/upgrade packages installed on your system | YUM allows you to automatically update/upgrade the updates available on your system.
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11 | It doesn't use the online repository to perform any actions. | It relies entirely on the online repository to do all the work.
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12 | RPM is a package format and it is a low-level package manager that does basic things. | This is a top-level front-end package manager that can do everything you need.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-yum-vs-rpm/
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作者:[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
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选题:[lujun9972][b]
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译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-dnf-vs-yum/
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[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-rpm-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-centos-rhel-systems/
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[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
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[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/list-of-command-line-package-manager-for-linux/
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[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/list-of-graphical-frontend-tool-for-linux-package-manager/
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@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (wxy)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Difference Between YUM and RPM Package Manager)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-yum-vs-rpm/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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YUM 和 RPM 包管理器的不同之处
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======
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软件包管理器在 Linux 系统中扮演着重要的角色。它允许你安装、更新、查看、搜索和删除软件包,以满足你的需求。
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每个发行版都有自己的一套包管理器,依据你的 Linux 发行版来分别使用它们。
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RPM 是最古老的传统软件包管理器之一,它是为基于 Red Hat 的系统设计的,如 Red Hat Enterprise Linux(RHEL)、CentOS、Fedora 和 openSUSE(它基于 suse Enterprise Linux)等系统。但在依赖解析和包更新(全系统更新/升级)方面,RPM 包管理器有一个突出的限制。
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> 如果你想知道 [YUM 和 DNF 包管理器的区别][1]请参考该文章。
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这意味着 yum 可以自动下载并安装所有需要的依赖项,但 rpm 会告诉你安装一个依赖项列表,然后你必须手动安装。
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当你想用 [rpm 命令][2] 安装一组包时,这实际上是不可能的,而且很费时间。
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这时,[YUM 包管理器][3] 就派上了用场,解决了这两个问题。
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### 什么是 RPM?
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RPM 指的是 RPM Package Manager(原名 Red Hat Package Manager),是一个功能强大的命令行包管理工具,是为 Red Hat 操作系统开发的。
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它现在被用作许多 Linux 发行版的核心组件,如 Centos、Fedora、Oracle Linux、openSUSE 和 Mageia 等。
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RPM 软件包管理器允许你在基于 RPM 的 Linux 系统上安装、升级、删除、查询和验证软件包。
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RPM 文件的扩展名为 `.rpm`。RPM 包由一个存档文件组成,其中包含了一个特定包的库和依赖关系,这些库和依赖关系与系统上安装的其他包不冲突。
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在 Linux 上有很多前端工具可以用来安装 RPM 包,与 RPM 工具相比,这些工具可以使安装过程更加高效,尤其是在处理依赖关系方面。
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如果你想了解更多关于 Linux 发行版的前端包管理器的信息,请到下面的链接。
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* [Linux 命令行包管理器列表][4]
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如果你想了解 Linux 的 GUI 包管理器,请到下面的链接。
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* [Linux GUI 包管理器列表][5]
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### 什么是 YUM?
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Yum 是一个 Linux 操作系统上的自由开源的命令行包管理程序,它使用 RPM 包管理器。Yum 是一个 RPM 的前端工具,可以自动解决软件包的依赖关系。它可以从发行版官方仓库和其他第三方仓库中安装 RPM 软件包。
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Yum 允许你在系统中安装、更新、搜索和删除软件包。如果你想让你的系统保持更新,你可以通过 yum-cron 启用自动更新。
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此外,如果你需要的话,它还允许你在 `yum update` 中排除一个或多个软件包。
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Yum 是默认安装的,你不需要安装它。
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编号 | RPM | YUM
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--- | --- | ---
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1 | 红帽在 1997 年引入了 RPM | Yellowdog UPdater(YUP)开发于 1999-2001 年,YUM 于 2003 年取代了原来的 YUP 工具
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2 | RPM 代表 RPM Package manager(原名 Red Hat package manager) | YUM 代表 Yellowdog Updater Modified
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3 | RPM 文件的命名规则如下,`httpd-2.4.6-92.el7.x86_64.rpm`:`httpd` - 实际的包名;`2.4.6` - 包发布版本号;`92` - 包发布子版本号;`el7` - Red Hat 版本;`x86_64` - 硬件架构;`rpm` - 文件扩展名 | 后台使用 rpm 数据库
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4 | 不解析依赖关系,你必须手动安装依赖 | 可以自动解析依赖关系并同时安装它们(任何包都会和它的依赖关系一起安装)
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5 | 允许你同时安装多个版本的软件包 | 不允许,并显示该软件包已经安装
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6 | 当使用 RPM 命令安装一个软件包时,你必须提供 `.rpm` 软件包的确切位置 | 你可以安装仓库中的任何软件包,而你只需要知道软件包的名称就可以了
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7 | RPM 不依赖于 YUM | 它是一个前端工具,在后台使用 RPM 包管理器来管理包
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8 | RPM 在安装包的管理方面比较难 | YUM 是最简单的管理 RPM 包的方法
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9 | RPM 不能让你将整个系统升级到最新的版本 | YUM 可以让你将系统升级到最新的版本(例如 7.0 到 7.x 的小版本升级)
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10 | RPM 不能让你自动更新/升级安装在系统上的软件包 | YUM 可以让你自动更新/升级系统上的更新
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11 | 不使用在线仓库来执行任何操作 | 完全依赖在线仓库来完成所有的工作
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12 | RPM 是一种包格式,它也是一个底层的包管理器,只做基本的事情 | 这是一个上层的包管理器前端,它可以完成你所需要的一切工作
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-yum-vs-rpm/
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作者:[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
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选题:[lujun9972][b]
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译者:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/comparison-difference-between-dnf-vs-yum/
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[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-rpm-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-centos-rhel-systems/
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[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
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[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/list-of-command-line-package-manager-for-linux/
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[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/list-of-graphical-frontend-tool-for-linux-package-manager/
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