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20140911-2 选题 这三篇文章有一定关联性
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20 Useful Commands of ‘Sysstat’ Utilities (mpstat, pidstat, iostat and sar) for Linux Performance Monitoring
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================================================================================
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In our last article, we have learned about installing and upgrading the **sysstat** package and understanding briefly about the utilities which comes with the package.
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注：此文一并附上，在同一个原文更新中
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- [Sysstat – Performance and Usage Activity Monitoring Tool For Linux][1]
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20 Sysstat Commands for Linux Monitoring
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Today, we are going to work with some interesting practical examples of **mpstat, pidstat, iostat** and **sar** utilities, which can help us to identify the issues. We have different options to use these utilities, I mean you can fire the commands manually with different options for different kind of work or you can create your customized scripts according to your requirements. You know Sysadmins are always bit Lazy, and always tried to find out the easy way to do the things with minimum efforts.
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### mpstat – Processors Statistics ###
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1.Using mpstat command without any option, will display the Global Average Activities by All CPUs.
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ mpstat
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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12:23:57 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
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12:23:57 IST all 37.35 0.01 4.72 2.96 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 54.88
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2.Using mpstat with option ‘**-P**‘ (Indicate Processor Number) and ‘ALL’, will display statistics about all CPUs one by one starting from 0. 0 will the first one.
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ mpstat -P ALL
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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12:29:26 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
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12:29:26 IST all 37.33 0.01 4.57 2.58 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 55.44
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12:29:26 IST 0 37.90 0.01 4.96 2.62 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 54.48
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12:29:26 IST 1 36.75 0.01 4.19 2.54 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 56.40
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3.To display the statistics for **N** number of iterations after n seconds interval with average of each cpu use the following command.
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ mpstat -P ALL 2 5
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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12:36:21 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
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12:36:23 IST all 53.38 0.00 2.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.36
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12:36:23 IST 0 46.23 0.00 1.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 52.26
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12:36:23 IST 1 60.80 0.00 3.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36.18
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12:36:23 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
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12:36:25 IST all 34.18 0.00 2.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 63.52
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12:36:25 IST 0 31.63 0.00 1.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 66.84
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12:36:25 IST 1 36.73 0.00 2.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60.71
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12:36:25 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
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12:36:27 IST all 33.42 0.00 5.06 0.25 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 61.01
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12:36:27 IST 0 34.34 0.00 4.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 61.62
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12:36:27 IST 1 32.82 0.00 6.15 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60.51
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4.The option ‘**I**‘ will print total number of interrupt statistics about per processor.
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ mpstat -I
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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12:39:56 IST CPU intr/s
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12:39:56 IST all 651.04
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12:39:56 IST CPU 0/s 1/s 6/s 8/s 9/s 12/s 16/s 17/s 20/s 21/s 22/s 23/s 45/s 46/s 47/s NMI/s LOC/s SPU/s PMI/s IWI/s RTR/s RES/s CAL/s TLB/s TRM/s THR/s MCE/s MCP/s ERR/s MIS/s
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12:39:56 IST 0 76.27 1.73 0.00 0.00 0.42 0.33 0.00 0.06 11.46 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.62 1.87 0.05 0.33 182.26 0.00 0.33 3.03 0.00 22.66 0.16 5.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:39:56 IST 1 70.88 1.44 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.33 0.00 27.91 10.33 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.27 1.79 0.05 0.32 184.11 0.00 0.32 5.17 0.00 22.09 0.13 4.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:39:56 IST CPU HI/s TIMER/s NET_TX/s NET_RX/s BLOCK/s BLOCK_IOPOLL/s TASKLET/s SCHED/s HRTIMER/s RCU/s
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12:39:56 IST 0 0.00 116.49 0.05 0.27 7.33 0.00 1.22 10.44 0.13 37.47
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12:39:56 IST 1 0.00 111.65 0.05 0.41 7.07 0.00 56.36 9.97 0.13 41.38
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5.Get all the above information in one command i.e. equivalent to “**-u -I ALL -p ALL**“.
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ mpstat -A
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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12:41:39 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
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12:41:39 IST all 38.70 0.01 4.47 2.01 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 54.76
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12:41:39 IST 0 39.15 0.01 4.82 2.05 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 53.95
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12:41:39 IST 1 38.24 0.01 4.12 1.98 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 55.57
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12:41:39 IST CPU intr/s
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12:41:39 IST all 651.73
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12:41:39 IST 0 173.16
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12:41:39 IST 1 225.89
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12:41:39 IST CPU 0/s 1/s 6/s 8/s 9/s 12/s 16/s 17/s 20/s 21/s 22/s 23/s 45/s 46/s 47/s NMI/s LOC/s SPU/s PMI/s IWI/s RTR/s RES/s CAL/s TLB/s TRM/s THR/s MCE/s MCP/s ERR/s MIS/s
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12:41:39 IST 0 76.04 1.77 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.36 0.00 0.06 11.60 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.42 1.83 0.05 0.34 182.89 0.00 0.34 2.97 0.00 22.69 0.16 5.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:41:39 IST 1 70.70 1.48 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.36 0.00 27.47 10.46 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.08 1.75 0.05 0.32 184.83 0.00 0.32 5.10 0.00 22.19 0.13 4.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:41:39 IST CPU HI/s TIMER/s NET_TX/s NET_RX/s BLOCK/s BLOCK_IOPOLL/s TASKLET/s SCHED/s HRTIMER/s RCU/s
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12:41:39 IST 0 0.00 116.96 0.05 0.26 7.12 0.00 1.24 10.42 0.12 36.99
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12:41:39 IST 1 0.00 112.25 0.05 0.40 6.88 0.00 55.05 9.93 0.13 41.20
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### pidstat – Process and Kernel Threads Statistics ###
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This is used for process monitoring and current threads, which are being managed by kernel. pidstat can also check the status about child processes and threads.
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#### Syntax ####
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# pidstat <OPTIONS> [INTERVAL] [COUNT]
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6.Using pidstat command without any argument, will display all active tasks.
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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12:47:24 IST UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
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12:47:24 IST 0 1 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.13 1 init
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12:47:24 IST 0 3 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0 ksoftirqd/0
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12:47:24 IST 0 9 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0 rcu_sched
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12:47:24 IST 0 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 watchdog/0
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12:47:24 IST 0 11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 watchdog/1
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12:47:24 IST 0 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 migration/1
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12:47:24 IST 0 13 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 ksoftirqd/1
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12:47:24 IST 0 23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/u9:0
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12:47:24 IST 0 29 0.00 0.61 0.00 0.61 0 kworker/0:1
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12:47:24 IST 0 30 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.06 1 kworker/1:1
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12:47:24 IST 0 224 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 jbd2/sda1-8
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12:47:24 IST 0 360 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 upstart-udev-br
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12:47:24 IST 0 365 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0 systemd-udevd
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12:47:24 IST 0 476 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/u9:1
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7.To print all active and non-active tasks use the option ‘**-p**‘ (processes).
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -p ALL
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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12:51:55 IST UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
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12:51:55 IST 0 1 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.12 1 init
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12:51:55 IST 0 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kthreadd
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12:51:55 IST 0 3 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0 ksoftirqd/0
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12:51:55 IST 0 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/0:0H
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12:51:55 IST 0 7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 migration/0
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12:51:55 IST 0 8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 rcu_bh
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12:51:55 IST 0 9 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 1 rcu_sched
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12:51:55 IST 0 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 watchdog/0
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12:51:55 IST 0 11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 watchdog/1
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12:51:55 IST 0 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 migration/1
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12:51:55 IST 0 13 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 ksoftirqd/1
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12:51:55 IST 0 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 kworker/1:0H
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12:51:55 IST 0 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 khelper
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12:51:55 IST 0 17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kdevtmpfs
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12:51:55 IST 0 18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 netns
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12:51:55 IST 0 19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 writeback
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12:51:55 IST 0 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 kintegrityd
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8.Using pidstat command with ‘**-d 2**‘ option, we can get I/O statistics and 2 is interval in seconds to get refreshed statistics. This option can be handy in situation, where your system is undergoing heavy I/O and you want to get clues about the processes consuming high resources.
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -d 2
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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03:26:53 EDT PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command
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03:26:55 EDT PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command
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03:26:57 EDT 574 0.00 148.00 2.00 miniserv.pl
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03:27:01 EDT PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command
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03:27:03 EDT 1 0.00 8.00 2.00 init
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03:27:03 EDT 450 0.00 2.00 0.00 rsyslogd
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03:27:03 EDT 534 138.00 10.00 4.00 crond
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03:27:03 EDT 25100 0.00 6.00 0.00 sendmail
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03:27:03 EDT 30829 0.00 6.00 0.00 java
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9.To know the cpu statistics along with all threads about the process id **4164** at interval of **2** sec for **3** times use the following command with option ‘-t‘ (display statistics of selected process).
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -t -p 4164 2 3
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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01:09:06 IST UID TGID TID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
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01:09:08 IST 1000 4164 - 22.00 1.00 0.00 23.00 1 firefox
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01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4164 20.00 0.50 0.00 20.50 1 |__firefox
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01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4171 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__Gecko_IOThread
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01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4172 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__Socket
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01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4173 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__JS
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01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4174 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__JS
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01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4175 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__Hang
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01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4176 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 |__gdbus
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01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4177 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 |__gmain
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10.Use the ‘**-rh**‘ option, to know the about memory utilization of processes which are frequently varying their utilization in **2** second interval.
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -rh 2 3
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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# Time UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command
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1409816695 1000 3958 3378.22 0.00 707420 215972 5.32 cinnamon
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1409816695 1000 4164 406.93 0.00 1252024 461404 11.36 firefox
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1409816695 1000 6676 168.81 0.00 4436 984 0.02 pidstat
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# Time UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command
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1409816697 0 1601 644.00 0.00 506728 316788 7.80 Xorg
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1409816697 1000 3958 3412.00 0.00 707420 215972 5.32 cinnamon
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1409816697 1000 4164 2667.00 0.00 1259576 471724 11.62 firefox
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1409816697 1000 6676 172.50 0.00 4436 1020 0.03 pidstat
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# Time UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command
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1409816699 0 1601 644.00 0.00 506728 316788 7.80 Xorg
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1409816699 1000 3958 4094.00 0.00 710148 218700 5.39 cinnamon
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1409816699 1000 4164 599.00 0.00 1261944 476664 11.74 firefox
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1409816699 1000 6676 168.00 0.00 4436 1020 0.03 pidstat
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11.To print all the process of containing string “**VB**“, use ‘**-t**‘ option to see threads as well.
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -G VB
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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01:09:06 IST UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
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01:09:08 IST 1000 1492 22.00 1.00 0.00 23.00 1 VBoxService
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01:09:08 IST 1000 1902 4164 20.00 0.50 0.00 20.50 VBoxClient
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01:09:08 IST 1000 1922 4171 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VBoxClient
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----------
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -t -G VB
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Linux 2.6.32-431.el6.i686 (tecmint) 09/04/2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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03:19:52 PM UID TGID TID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
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03:19:52 PM 0 1479 - 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.13 1 VBoxService
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03:19:52 PM 0 - 1482 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__timesync
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03:19:52 PM 0 - 1483 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.06 0 |__vminfo
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03:19:52 PM 0 - 1485 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 |__memballoon
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03:19:52 PM 0 - 1486 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 |__vmstats
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03:19:52 PM 0 - 1487 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05 0 |__automount
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03:19:52 PM 0 1913 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 VBoxClient
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03:19:52 PM 0 - 1913 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__VBoxClient
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03:19:52 PM 0 - 1942 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__SHCLIP
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03:19:52 PM 0 1933 - 0.04 0.89 0.00 0.93 0 VBoxClient
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03:19:52 PM 0 - 1936 0.04 0.89 0.00 0.93 1 |__X11-NOTIFY
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12.To get realtime priority and scheduling information use option ‘**-R**‘ .
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -R
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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01:09:06 IST UID PID prio policy Command
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01:09:08 IST 1000 3 99 FIFO migration/0
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01:09:08 IST 1000 5 99 FIFO migration/0
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01:09:08 IST 1000 6 99 FIFO watchdog/0
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Here, I am not going to cover about Iostat utility, as we are already covered it. Please have a look on “[Linux Performance Monitoring with Vmstat and Iostat][2]注：此文也一并附上在同一个原文更新中” to get all details about iostat.
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### sar – System Activity Reporter ###
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Using “**sar**” command, we can get the reports about whole system’s performance. This can help us to locate the system bottleneck and provide the help to find out the solutions to these annoying performance issues.
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The Linux Kernel maintains some counter internally, which keeps track of all requests, their completion time and I/O block counts etc. From all these information, sar calculates rates and ratio of these request to find out about bottleneck areas.
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The main thing about the sar is that, it reports all activities over a period if time. So, make sure that sar collect data on appropriate time (not on Lunch time or on weekend.:)
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13.Following is a basic command to invoke sar. It will create one file named “**sarfile**” in your current directory. The options ‘**-u**‘ is for CPU details and will collect **5** reports at an interval of **2** seconds.
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tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -u -o sarfile 2 5
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Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
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01:42:28 IST CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
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01:42:30 IST all 36.52 0.00 3.02 0.00 0.00 60.45
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01:42:32 IST all 43.32 0.00 5.04 0.00 0.00 51.64
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01:42:34 IST all 56.46 0.00 4.05 0.00 0.00 39.49
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01:42:36 IST all 44.44 0.00 3.79 0.00 0.00 51.77
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01:42:38 IST all 50.75 0.00 3.75 0.00 0.00 45.50
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Average: all 46.30 0.00 3.93 0.00 0.00 49.77
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14.In the above example, we have invoked sar interactively. We also have an option to invoke it non-interactively via cron using scripts **/usr/local/lib/sa1** and **/usr/local/lib/sa2** (If you have used **/usr/local** as prefix during installation time).
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- **/usr/local/lib/sa1** is a shell script that we can use for scheduling cron which will create daily binary log file.
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- **/usr/local/lib/sa2** is a shell script will change binary log file to human-readable form.
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||||
|
||||
Use the following Cron entries for making this non-interactive:
|
||||
|
||||
# Run sa1 shell script every 10 minutes for collecting data
|
||||
*/2 * * * * /usr/local/lib/sa/sa1 2 10
|
||||
|
||||
# Generate a daily report in human readable format at 23:53
|
||||
53 23 * * * /usr/local/lib/sa/sa2 -A
|
||||
|
||||
At the back-end sa1 script will call **sadc** (System Activity Data Collector) utility for fetching the data at a particular interval. **sa2** will call sar for changing binary log file to human readable form.
|
||||
|
||||
15.Check run queue length, total number of processes and load average using ‘**-q**‘ option.
|
||||
|
||||
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -q 2 5
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
|
||||
|
||||
02:00:44 IST runq-sz plist-sz ldavg-1 ldavg-5 ldavg-15 blocked
|
||||
02:00:46 IST 1 431 1.67 1.22 0.97 0
|
||||
02:00:48 IST 4 431 1.70 1.23 0.97 0
|
||||
02:00:50 IST 2 431 1.70 1.23 0.97 0
|
||||
02:00:52 IST 2 431 1.70 1.23 0.97 0
|
||||
02:00:54 IST 0 431 1.64 1.23 0.97 0
|
||||
Average: 2 431 1.68 1.23 0.97 0
|
||||
|
||||
16.Check statistics about the mounted file systems using ‘**-F**‘.
|
||||
|
||||
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -F 2 4
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
|
||||
|
||||
02:02:31 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM
|
||||
02:02:33 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.85 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
|
||||
|
||||
02:02:33 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM
|
||||
02:02:35 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.85 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
|
||||
|
||||
02:02:35 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM
|
||||
02:02:37 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.85 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
|
||||
|
||||
02:02:37 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM
|
||||
02:02:39 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.86 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
|
||||
|
||||
Summary MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM
|
||||
Summary 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.86 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
|
||||
|
||||
17.View network statistics using ‘**-n DEV**‘.
|
||||
|
||||
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -n DEV 1 3 | egrep -v lo
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
|
||||
|
||||
02:11:59 IST IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s
|
||||
02:12:00 IST wlan0 8.00 10.00 1.23 0.92 0.00 0.00 0.00
|
||||
02:12:00 IST vmnet8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
|
||||
02:12:00 IST eth0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
|
||||
02:12:00 IST vmnet1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
|
||||
|
||||
18.View block device statistics like iostat using ‘**-d**‘.
|
||||
|
||||
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -d 1 3
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
|
||||
|
||||
02:13:17 IST DEV tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util
|
||||
02:13:18 IST dev8-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
|
||||
|
||||
02:13:18 IST DEV tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util
|
||||
02:13:19 IST dev8-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
|
||||
|
||||
02:13:19 IST DEV tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util
|
||||
02:13:20 IST dev8-0 7.00 32.00 80.00 16.00 0.11 15.43 15.43 10.80
|
||||
|
||||
19.To print memory statistics use ‘**-r**‘ option.
|
||||
|
||||
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -r 1 3
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
|
||||
|
||||
02:14:29 IST kbmemfree kbmemused %memused kbbuffers kbcached kbcommit %commit kbactive kbinact kbdirty
|
||||
02:14:30 IST 1465660 2594840 63.90 133052 1549644 3710800 45.35 1133148 1359792 392
|
||||
02:14:31 IST 1472724 2587776 63.73 133060 1549792 3715504 45.40 1125816 1360000 836
|
||||
02:14:32 IST 1469112 2591388 63.82 133060 1550036 3705288 45.28 1130252 1360168 804
|
||||
Average: 1469165 2591335 63.82 133057 1549824 3710531 45.34 1129739 1359987 677
|
||||
|
||||
20.Using ‘**sadf -d**‘, we can extract data in format which can be processed using databases.
|
||||
|
||||
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ safd -d /var/log/sa/sa20140903 -- -n DEV | grep -v lo
|
||||
|
||||
# hostname;interval;timestamp;IFACE;rxpck/s;txpck/s;rxkB/s;txkB/s;rxcmp/s;txcmp/s;rxmcst/s;%ifutil
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:29 UTC;eth0;1.50;0.00;0.13;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:31 UTC;eth0;2.00;0.00;0.18;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:33 UTC;eth0;1.00;0.00;0.09;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:35 UTC;eth0;2.00;0.00;0.18;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;14778;2014-09-03 11:59:54 UTC;eth0;1.78;1.17;1.10;0.18;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 11:59:56 UTC;eth0;3.50;3.00;0.60;0.77;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 11:59:58 UTC;eth0;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:00 UTC;eth0;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:02 UTC;eth0;0.50;0.50;0.48;0.03;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:04 UTC;eth0;2.50;3.50;0.21;2.05;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:06 UTC;eth0;1.49;1.00;0.62;0.06;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:08 UTC;eth0;0.50;0.00;0.03;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:10 UTC;eth0;0.50;0.50;0.03;0.04;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:12 UTC;eth0;1.00;0.50;0.12;0.04;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
|
||||
|
||||
You can also save this to a csv and then can draw chart for presentation kind of stuff as below.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Network Graph
|
||||
|
||||
That’s it for now, you can refer man pages for more information about each option and don’t forget to tell about article with your valuable comments.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/sysstat-commands-to-monitor-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Kuldeep Sharma][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/kuldeepsharma47/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-sysstat-in-linux/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/linux-performance-monitoring-with-vmstat-and-iostat-commands/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
|
||||
Linux Performance Monitoring with Vmstat and Iostat Commands
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
This is our on-going series of commands and performance monitoring in **Linux**. **Vmstat** and **Iostat** both commands are available on all major **Unix-like (Linux/Unix/FreeBSD/Solaris)** Operating Systems.
|
||||
|
||||
If **vmstat** and **iostat** commands are not available on your box, please install **sysstat** package. The **vmstat**, **sar** and **iostat** commands are the collection of package included in **sysstat** – the system monitoring tools. The iostat generates reports of **CPU** & all device statistics. You may download and install **sysstat** using source tarball from link [sysstat][1], but we recommend installing through **YUM** command.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Linux Performance Monitoring with Vmstat and Iostat
|
||||
|
||||
### Install Sysstat in Linux ###
|
||||
|
||||
# yum -y install sysstat
|
||||
|
||||
- **vmstat** – Summary information of Memory, Processes, Paging etc.
|
||||
- **iostat** – Central Processing Unit (CPU) statistics and input/output statistics for devices and partitions.
|
||||
|
||||
### 6 Vmstat Command Examples in Linux ###
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1. List Active and Inactive Memory ####
|
||||
|
||||
In the below example, there are six columns. The significant of the columns are explained in man page of **vmstat** in details. Most important fields are **free** under memory and **si**, **so** under swap column.
|
||||
|
||||
[root@tecmint ~]# vmstat -a
|
||||
|
||||
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu-----
|
||||
r b swpd free inact active si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
|
||||
1 0 0 810420 97380 70628 0 0 115 4 89 79 1 6 90 3 0
|
||||
|
||||
- **Free** – Amount of free/idle memory spaces.
|
||||
- **si** – Swaped in every second from disk in Kilo Bytes.
|
||||
- **so** – Swaped out every second to disk in Kilo Bytes.
|
||||
|
||||
**Note**: If you run **vmstat** without parameters it’ll displays summary report since system boot.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2. Execute vmstat ‘X’ seconds and (‘N’number of times) ####
|
||||
|
||||
With this command, **vmstat** execute every two seconds and stop automatically after executing six intervals.
|
||||
|
||||
[root@tecmint ~]# vmstat 2 6
|
||||
|
||||
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu-----
|
||||
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
|
||||
0 0 0 810420 22064 101368 0 0 56 3 50 57 0 3 95 2 0
|
||||
0 0 0 810412 22064 101368 0 0 0 0 16 35 0 0 100 0 0
|
||||
0 0 0 810412 22064 101368 0 0 0 0 14 35 0 0 100 0 0
|
||||
0 0 0 810412 22064 101368 0 0 0 0 17 38 0 0 100 0 0
|
||||
0 0 0 810412 22064 101368 0 0 0 0 17 35 0 0 100 0 0
|
||||
0 0 0 810412 22064 101368 0 0 0 0 18 36 0 1 100 0 0
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3. Vmstat with timestamps ####
|
||||
|
||||
**vmstat** command with **-t** parameter shows timestamps with every line printed as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
[tecmint@tecmint ~]$ vmstat -t 1 5
|
||||
|
||||
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu------ ---timestamp---
|
||||
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
|
||||
0 0 0 632028 24992 192244 0 0 70 5 55 78 1 3 95 1 0 2012-09-02 14:57:18 IST
|
||||
1 0 0 632028 24992 192244 0 0 0 0 171 514 1 5 94 0 0 2012-09-02 14:57:19 IST
|
||||
1 0 0 631904 24992 192244 0 0 0 0 195 600 0 5 95 0 0 2012-09-02 14:57:20 IST
|
||||
0 0 0 631780 24992 192244 0 0 0 0 156 524 0 5 95 0 0 2012-09-02 14:57:21 IST
|
||||
1 0 0 631656 24992 192244 0 0 0 0 189 592 0 5 95 0 0 2012-09-02 14:57:22 IST
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4. Statistics of Various Counter ####
|
||||
|
||||
**vmstat** command and -s switch displays summary of various event counters and memory statistics.
|
||||
|
||||
[tecmint@tecmint ~]$ vmstat -s
|
||||
|
||||
1030800 total memory
|
||||
524656 used memory
|
||||
277784 active memory
|
||||
185920 inactive memory
|
||||
506144 free memory
|
||||
26864 buffer memory
|
||||
310104 swap cache
|
||||
2064376 total swap
|
||||
0 used swap
|
||||
2064376 free swap
|
||||
4539 non-nice user cpu ticks
|
||||
0 nice user cpu ticks
|
||||
11569 system cpu ticks
|
||||
329608 idle cpu ticks
|
||||
5012 IO-wait cpu ticks
|
||||
79 IRQ cpu ticks
|
||||
74 softirq cpu ticks
|
||||
0 stolen cpu ticks
|
||||
336038 pages paged in
|
||||
67945 pages paged out
|
||||
0 pages swapped in
|
||||
0 pages swapped out
|
||||
258526 interrupts
|
||||
392439 CPU context switches
|
||||
1346574857 boot time
|
||||
2309 forks
|
||||
|
||||
#### 5. Disks Statistics ####
|
||||
|
||||
**vmstat** with **-d** option display all disks statistics.
|
||||
|
||||
[tecmint@tecmint ~]$ vmstat -d
|
||||
|
||||
disk- ------------reads------------ ------------writes----------- -----IO------
|
||||
total merged sectors ms total merged sectors ms cur sec
|
||||
ram0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
ram15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
loop0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
loop1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
loop2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
loop3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
loop4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
loop5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
loop6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
loop7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
sr0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
||||
sda 7712 5145 668732 409619 3282 28884 257402 644566 0 126
|
||||
dm-0 11578 0 659242 1113017 32163 0 257384 8460026 0 126
|
||||
dm-1 324 0 2592 3845 0 0 0 0 0 2
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6. Display Statistics in Megabytes ####
|
||||
|
||||
The **vmstat** displays in **Megabytes** with parameters **-S** and **M**(Uppercase & megabytes). By default **vmstat** displays statistics in kilobytes.
|
||||
|
||||
[root@tecmint ~]# vmstat -S M 1 5
|
||||
|
||||
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu-----
|
||||
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
|
||||
0 0 0 346 53 476 0 0 95 8 42 55 0 2 96 2 0
|
||||
0 0 0 346 53 476 0 0 0 0 12 15 0 0 100 0 0
|
||||
0 0 0 346 53 476 0 0 0 0 32 62 0 0 100 0 0
|
||||
0 0 0 346 53 476 0 0 0 0 15 13 0 0 100 0 0
|
||||
0 0 0 346 53 476 0 0 0 0 34 61 0 1 99 0 0
|
||||
|
||||
### 6 Iostat Command Examples in Linux ###
|
||||
|
||||
#### 7. Display CPU and I/O statistics ####
|
||||
|
||||
**iostat** without arguments displays **CPU** and **I/O** statistics of all partitions as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
[root@tecmint ~]# iostat
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.i686 (tecmint.com) 09/03/2012 _i686_ (1 CPU)
|
||||
|
||||
avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
|
||||
0.12 0.01 1.54 2.08 0.00 96.24
|
||||
|
||||
Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn
|
||||
sda 3.59 161.02 13.48 1086002 90882
|
||||
dm-0 5.76 159.71 13.47 1077154 90864
|
||||
dm-1 0.05 0.38 0.00 2576 0
|
||||
|
||||
#### 8. Shows only CPU Statistics ####
|
||||
|
||||
**iostat** with **-c** arguments displays only **CPU** statistics as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
[root@tecmint ~]# iostat -c
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.i686 (tecmint.com) 09/03/2012 _i686_ (1 CPU)
|
||||
|
||||
avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
|
||||
0.12 0.01 1.47 1.98 0.00 96.42
|
||||
|
||||
#### 9. Shows only Disks I/O Statistics ####
|
||||
|
||||
**iostat** with **-d** arguments displays only disks **I/O** statistics of all partitions as shown.
|
||||
|
||||
[root@tecmint ~]# iostat -d
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.i686 (tecmint.com) 09/03/2012 _i686_ (1 CPU)
|
||||
|
||||
Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn
|
||||
sda 3.35 149.81 12.66 1086002 91746
|
||||
dm-0 5.37 148.59 12.65 1077154 91728
|
||||
dm-1 0.04 0.36 0.00 2576 0
|
||||
|
||||
#### 10. Shows I/O statistics only of a single device. ####
|
||||
|
||||
By default it displays statistics of all partitions, with **-p** and device name arguments displays only disks **I/O** statistics for specific device only as shown.
|
||||
|
||||
[root@tecmint ~]# iostat -p sda
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.i686 (tecmint.com) 09/03/2012 _i686_ (1 CPU)
|
||||
|
||||
avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
|
||||
0.11 0.01 1.44 1.92 0.00 96.52
|
||||
|
||||
Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn
|
||||
sda 3.32 148.52 12.55 1086002 91770
|
||||
sda1 0.07 0.56 0.00 4120 18
|
||||
sda2 3.22 147.79 12.55 1080650 91752
|
||||
|
||||
#### 11. Display LVM Statistics ####
|
||||
|
||||
With **-N** (Uppercase) parameter displays only **LVM** statistics as shown.
|
||||
|
||||
[root@tecmint ~]# iostat -N
|
||||
|
||||
Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.i686 (tecmint.com) 09/03/2012 _i686_ (1 CPU)
|
||||
|
||||
avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
|
||||
0.11 0.01 1.39 1.85 0.00 96.64
|
||||
|
||||
Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn
|
||||
sda 3.20 142.84 12.16 1086002 92466
|
||||
vg_tecmint-lv_root 5.13 141.68 12.16 1077154 92448
|
||||
vg_tecmint-lv_swap 0.04 0.34 0.00 2576 0
|
||||
|
||||
#### 12. iostat version. ####
|
||||
|
||||
With **-V** (Uppercase) parameter displays version of **iostat** as shown.
|
||||
|
||||
[root@tecmint ~]# iostat -V
|
||||
|
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sysstat version 9.0.4
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(C) Sebastien Godard (sysstat orange.fr)
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**Note**: **vmstat** and **iostat** contains number of columns and flags which may not possible to explain in details. If you want to know more about it you may refer man page of **vmstat** and **iostat**. Please share it if you find this article is useful through our comment box below.
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|
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/linux-performance-monitoring-with-vmstat-and-iostat-commands/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Ravi Saive][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/admin/
|
||||
[1]:http://sebastien.godard.pagesperso-orange.fr/download.html
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
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Sysstat – All-in-One System Performance and Usage Activity Monitoring Tool For Linux
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================================================================================
|
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**Sysstat** is really a handy tool which comes with number of utilities to monitor system resources, their performance and usage activities. Number of utilities that we all use in our daily bases comes with sysstat package. It also provide the tool which can be scheduled using cron to collect all performance and activity data.
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|
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|
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|
||||
Install Sysstat in Linux
|
||||
|
||||
Following are the list of tools included in sysstat packages.
|
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|
||||
### Sysstat Features ###
|
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- [**iostat**][1]: Reports all statistics about your CPU and I/O statistics for I/O devices.
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- **mpstat**: Details about CPUs (individual or combined).
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- **pidstat**: Statistics about running processes/task, CPU, memory etc.
|
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- **sar**: Save and report details about different resources (CPU, Memory, IO, Network, kernel etc..).
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- **sadc**: System activity data collector, used for collecting data in backend for sar.
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||||
- **sa1**: Fetch and store binary data in sadc data file. This is used with sadc.
|
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- **sa2**: Summaries daily report to be used with sar.
|
||||
- **Sadf**: Used for displaying data generated by sar in different formats (CSV or XML).
|
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- **Sysstat**: Man page for sysstat utility.
|
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- **nfsiostat**-sysstat: I/O statistics for NFS.
|
||||
- **cifsiostat**: Statistics for CIFS.
|
||||
|
||||
Recenlty, on 17th of June 2014, **Sysstat 11.0.0** (stable version) has been released with some new interesting features as follows.
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|
||||
pidstat command has been enhanced with some new options: first is “-R” which will provide information about the policy and task scheduling priority. And second one is “**-G**” which we can search processes with name and to get the list of all matching threads.
|
||||
|
||||
Some new enhancement have been brought to sar, sadc and sadf with regards to the data files: Now data files can be renamed using “**saYYYYMMDD**” instead of “**saDD**” using option **–D** and can be located in directory different from “**/var/log/sa**”. We can define new directory by setting variable “SA_DIR”, which is being used by sa1 and sa2.
|
||||
|
||||
### Installation of Sysstat in Linux ###
|
||||
|
||||
The ‘**Sysstat**‘ package also available to install from default repository as a package in all major Linux distributions. However, the package which is available from the repo is little old and outdated version. So, that’s the reason, we here going to download and install the latest version of sysstat (i.e. version **11.0.0**) from source package.
|
||||
|
||||
First download the latest version of sysstat package using the following link or you may also use **wget** command to download directly on the terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
- [http://sebastien.godard.pagesperso-orange.fr/download.html][2]
|
||||
|
||||
# wget http://pagesperso-orange.fr/sebastien.godard/sysstat-11.0.0.tar.gz
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Download Sysstat Package
|
||||
|
||||
Next, extract the downloaded package and go inside that directory to begin compile process.
|
||||
|
||||
# tar -xvf sysstat-11.0.0.tar.gz
|
||||
# cd sysstat-11.0.0/
|
||||
|
||||
Here you will have two options for compilation:
|
||||
|
||||
a). Firstly, you can use **iconfig** (which will give you flexibility for choosing/entering the customized values for each parameters).
|
||||
|
||||
# ./iconfig
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Sysstat iconfig Command
|
||||
|
||||
b). Secondly, you can use standard **configure** command to define options in single line. You can run **./configure –help command** to get list of different supported options.
|
||||
|
||||
# ./configure --help
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Sysstat Configure Help
|
||||
|
||||
Here, we are moving ahead with standard option i.e. **./configure** command to compile sysstat package.
|
||||
|
||||
# ./configure
|
||||
# make
|
||||
# make install
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Configure Sysstat in Linux
|
||||
|
||||
After compilation process completes, you will see the output similar to above. Now, verify the sysstat version by running following command.
|
||||
|
||||
# mpstat -V
|
||||
|
||||
sysstat version 11.0.0
|
||||
(C) Sebastien Godard (sysstat <at> orange.fr)
|
||||
|
||||
### Updating Sysstat in Linux ###
|
||||
|
||||
By default sysstat use “**/usr/local**” as its prefix directory. So, all binary/utilities will get installed in “**/usr/local/bin**” directory. If you have existing sysstat package installed, then those will be there in “**/usr/bin**”.
|
||||
|
||||
Due to existing sysstat package, you will not get your updated version reflected, because your “**$PATH**” variable don’t have “**/usr/local/bin set**”. So, make sure that “**/usr/local/bin**” exist there in your “$PATH” or set **–prefix** option to “**/usr**” during compilation and remove existing version before starting updating.
|
||||
|
||||
# yum remove sysstat [On RedHat based System]
|
||||
# apt-get remove sysstat [On Debian based System]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
# ./configure --prefix=/usr
|
||||
# make
|
||||
# make install
|
||||
|
||||
Now again, verify the updated version of systat using same ‘mpstat’ command with option ‘**-V**’.
|
||||
|
||||
# mpstat -V
|
||||
|
||||
sysstat version 11.0.0
|
||||
(C) Sebastien Godard (sysstat <at> orange.fr)
|
||||
|
||||
**Reference**: For more information please go through [Sysstat Documentation][3]
|
||||
|
||||
That’s it for now, in my upcoming article, I will show some practical examples and usages of sysstat command, till then stay tuned to updates and don’t forget to add your valuable thoughts about the article at below comment section.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/install-sysstat-in-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Kuldeep Sharma][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/kuldeepsharma47/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/linux-performance-monitoring-with-vmstat-and-iostat-commands/
|
||||
[2]:http://sebastien.godard.pagesperso-orange.fr/download.html
|
||||
[3]:http://sebastien.godard.pagesperso-orange.fr/documentation.html
|
||||
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