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[#]: subject: "Neither Windows, nor Linux! Shrine is ‘God’s Operating System’"
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[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/shrine-os/"
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[#]: author: "John Paul https://itsfoss.com/author/john/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
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[#]: translator: "wxy"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Neither Windows, nor Linux! Shrine is ‘God’s Operating System’
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======
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We’ve all used multiple operating systems in our lives. Some were good and some were bad. But can you say that you’ve ever used an operating system designed by God? Today, I’d like to introduce you to Shrine.
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### What is Shrine?
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![Shrine interface][1]
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From that introduction, you’re probably wondering what the heck is going on. Well, it all started with a guy named Terry Davis. Before we go any further, I’d better warn you that Terry suffered from schizophrenia during his life and often didn’t take his medication. Because of this, he said or did things during his life that were not quite socially acceptable.
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Anyway, back to the story line. In the early 2000s, Terry released a simple operating system. Over the years, it went through several names, including J Operating System, LoseThos, and SparrowOS. He finally settled on the name [TempleOS][2]. He chose that name because this operating system would be God’s temple. As such. God gave Terry the following [specifications][3] for the operating system:
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* It would have 640×480 16 color graphics
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* It would use “a single-voice 8-bit signed MIDI-like sample for sound”.
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* It would follow the Commodore 64, i.e. “a non-networked, simple machine where programming was the goal, not just a means to an end”.
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* It would only support one file system (named “Red Sea”).
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* It would be limited to 100,000 lines of code to make it “easy to learn the whole thing”.
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* “Ring-0-only. Everything runs in kernel mode, including user applications”
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* The font would be limited to “one 8×8 fixed-width font”.
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* The use would have “full access to everything. All memory, I/O ports, instructions, and similar things must never be off limits. All functions, variables and class members will be accessible.”
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* It would only support one platform, 64-bit PCs.
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Terry wrote this operating system using in a programming language that he called HolyC. TechRepublic called it a “modified version of C++ (“more than C, less than C++”)”. If you are interested in getting a flavor of HolyC, I would recommend, [this article][4] and the HolyC entry on [RosettaCode][5].
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In 2013, Terry announced on his website that TempleOS was complete. Tragically, Terry died a few years later in August of 2018 when he was hit by a train. He was homeless at the time. Over the years, many people followed Terry through his work on the operating system. Most were impressed at his ability to write an operating system in such a small package.
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Now, you are probably wondering what all this talk of TempleOS has to do with Shrine. Well, as the [GitHub page][6] for Shrine states, it is “A TempleOS distro for heretics”. GitHub user [minexew][7] created Shrine to add features to TempleOS that Terry had neglected. These features include:
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* 99% compatibility with TempleOS programs
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* Ships with Lambda Shell, which feels a bit like a classic Unix command interpreter
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* TCP/IP stack & internet access out of the box
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* Includes a package downloader
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minexew is planning to add more features in the future, but hasn’t announced what exactly will be included. He has plans to make a full TempleOS environment for Linux.
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### Experience
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It’s fairly easy to get Shrine virtualized. All you need to do is install your virtualizing software of choice. (Mine is VirtualBox.) When you create a virtual machine for Shrine, make sure that it is 64-bit and has at least 512 MB of RAM.
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Once you boot into Shrine, you will be asked if you want to install to your (virtual) hard drive. Once that is finished (or not, if you choose), you will be offered a tour of the operating system. From there you can explore.
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### Final Thoughts
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Temple OS and (Shrine) is obviously not intended to be a replacement for Windows or Linux. Even though Terry referred to it as “God’s temple”, I’m sure in his more lucid moments, he would have acknowledged that it was more of a hobby operating system. With that in mind, the finished product is fairly [impressive][8]. Over a twelve-year period, Terry created an operating system in a little over 100,000 lines of code, using a language that he had created himself. He also wrote his own compiler, graphics library and several games. All this while fighting his own personal demons.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/shrine-os/
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作者：[John Paul][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/john/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/shrine.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1
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[2]: https://templeos.org/
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[3]: https://web.archive.org/web/20170508181026/http://www.templeos.org:80/Wb/Doc/Charter.html
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[4]: https://harrisontotty.github.io/p/a-lang-design-analysis-of-holyc
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[5]: https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:HolyC
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[6]: https://github.com/minexew/Shrine
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[7]: https://github.com/minexew
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[8]: http://www.codersnotes.com/notes/a-constructive-look-at-templeos/
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@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
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[#]: subject: "Neither Windows, nor Linux! Shrine is ‘God’s Operating System’"
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[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/shrine-os/"
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[#]: author: "John Paul https://itsfoss.com/author/john/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
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[#]: translator: "wxy"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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不是 Windows，也不是 Linux，Shrine 才是 “神之操作系统”
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======
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在生活中，我们都曾使用过多种操作系统。有些好，有些坏。但你能说你使用过由“神”设计的操作系统吗？今天，我想向你介绍 Shrine（圣殿）。
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### 什么是 Shrine？
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![Shrine 界面][1]
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从介绍里，你可能想知道这到底是怎么回事。嗯，这一切都始于一个叫 Terry Davis 的人。在我们进一步介绍之前，我最好提醒你，Terry 在生前患有精神分裂症，而且经常不吃药。正因为如此，他在生活中说过或做过一些不被社会接受的事情。
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总之，让我们回到故事的主线。在 21 世纪初，Terry 发布了一个简单的操作系统。多年来，它不停地换了几个名字，有 J Operating System、LoseThos 和 SparrowOS 等等。他最终确定了 [TempleOS][2] 这个名字。他选择这个名字（神庙系统）是因为这个操作系统将成为神的圣殿。因此，神给 Terry 的操作系统规定了以下 [规格][3]：
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* 它将有 640×480 的 16 色图形
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* 它将使用“单声道 8 位带符号的类似 MIDI 的声音采样”
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* 它将追随 Commodore 64，即“一个非网络化的简单机器，编程是目标，而不仅仅是达到目的的手段”
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* 它将只支持一个文件系统（名为 “Red Sea”）。
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* 它将被限制在 10 万行代码内，以使它 “整体易于学习”。
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* “只支持 Ring-0 级，一切都在内核模式下运行，包括用户应用程序
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* 字体将被限制为 “一种 8×8 等宽字体”
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* “对一切都可以完全访问。所有的内存、I/O 端口、指令和类似的东西都绝无限制。所有的函数、变量和类成员都是可访问的”
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* 它将只支持一个平台，即 64 位 PC
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Terry 用一种他称之为 HolyC（神圣 C 语言）的编程语言编写了这个操作系统。TechRepublic 称其为一种 “C++ 的修改版（‘比 C 多，比 C++ 少’）”。如果你有兴趣了解 HolyC，我推荐，[这篇文章][4] 和 [RosettaCode][5] 上的 HolyC 条目。
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2013 年，Terry 在他的网站上宣布，TempleOS 已经完成。不幸的是，几年后的 2018 年 8 月，Terry 被火车撞死了。当时他无家可归。多年来，许多人通过他在该操作系统上的工作关注着他。大多数人对他在如此小的体积中编写操作系统的能力印象深刻。
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现在，你可能想知道这些关于 TempleOS 的讨论与 Shrine 有什么关系。好吧，正如 Shrine 的 [GitHub 页面][6] 所说，它是 “一个为异教徒设计的 TempleOS 发行版”。GitHub 用户 [minexew][7] 创建了 Shrine，为 TempleOS 添加 Terry 忽略的功能。这些功能包括：
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* 与 TempleOS 程序 99% 的兼容性
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* 带有 Lambda Shell，感觉有点像经典的 Unix 命令解释器
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* TCP/IP 协议栈和开机即可上网
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* 包括一个软件包下载器
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minexew 正计划在未来增加更多的功能，但还没有宣布具体会包括什么。他有计划为 Linux 制作一个完整的 TempleOS 环境。
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### 体验
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让 Shrine 在虚拟机中运行是相当容易的。你所需要做的就是安装你选择的虚拟化软件。（我的是 VirtualBox）当你为 Shrine 创建一个虚拟机时，确保它是 64 位的，并且至少有 512MB 的内存。
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一旦你启动到 Shrine，会询问你是否要安装到你的（虚拟）硬盘上。一旦安装完成（你也可以选择不安装），你会看到一个该操作系统的导览，你可以由此探索。
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### 总结
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TempleOS （和 Shrine）显然不是为了取代 Windows 或 Linux。即使 Terry 把它称为 “神之圣殿”，我相信在他比较清醒的时候，他也会承认这更像是一个业余的作业系统。考虑到这一点，已完成的产品相当 [令人印象深刻][8]。在 12 年的时间里，Terry 用他自己创造的语言创造了一个稍稍超过 10 万行代码的操作系统。他还编写了自己的编译器、图形库和几个游戏。所有这些都是在与他自己的个人心魔作斗争的时候进行的。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/shrine-os/
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作者：[John Paul][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/john/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/shrine.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1
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[2]: https://templeos.org/
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[3]: https://web.archive.org/web/20170508181026/http://www.templeos.org:80/Wb/Doc/Charter.html
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[4]: https://harrisontotty.github.io/p/a-lang-design-analysis-of-holyc
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[5]: https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:HolyC
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[6]: https://github.com/minexew/Shrine
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[7]: https://github.com/minexew
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[8]: http://www.codersnotes.com/notes/a-constructive-look-at-templeos/
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