From 4e76c82a74c46eab70ca652f6f45edcffa4fd05b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: MonkeyDEcho <863626156@qq.com> Date: Sun, 4 Feb 2018 22:25:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] MonkeyDEcho translated Linux Check IDE / SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed --- ...IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md | 134 ----------------- ...IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md | 136 ++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 136 insertions(+), 134 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 sources/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md create mode 100644 translated/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md b/sources/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md deleted file mode 100644 index 30e667fac3..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,134 +0,0 @@ -Linux Check IDE / SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed -====== -So how do you find out how fast is your hard disk under Linux? Is it running at the SATA I (150 MB/s) or SATA II (300 MB/s) or SATA III (6.0Gb/s) speed without opening computer case or chassis? - -You can use the **hdparm or dd command** to check hard disk speed. It provides a command line interface to various hard disk ioctls supported by the stock Linux ATA/IDE/SATA device driver subsystem. Some options may work correctly only with the latest kernels (make sure you have cutting edge kernel installed). I also recommend compiling hdparm with the included files from the most recent kernel source code. - -### How to measure hard disk data transfer speed using hdparm - -Login as the root user and enter the following command: -`$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda` -OR -`$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/hda` -Sample outputs: -``` -/dev/sda: - Timing cached reads: 7864 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3935.41 MB/sec - Timing buffered disk reads: 204 MB in 3.00 seconds = 67.98 MB/sec -``` - -For meaningful results, this operation should be **repeated 2-3 times**. This displays the speed of reading directly from the Linux buffer cache without disk access. This measurement is essentially an indication of the **throughput of the processor, cache, and memory** of the system under test. [Here is a for loop example][1], to run test 3 time in a row: -`for i in 1 2 3; do hdparm -tT /dev/hda; done` -Where, - - * **-t** :perform device read timings - * **-T** : perform cache read timings - * **/dev/sda** : Hard disk device file - - - -To [find out SATA hard disk link speed][2], enter: -`sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep -i speed` -Output: -``` - * Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s) - * Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s) - * Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s) - -``` - -Above output indicate that my hard disk can use 1.5Gb/s, 3.0Gb/s, or 6.0Gb/s speed. Please note that your BIOS / Motherboard must have support for SATA-II/III: -`$ dmesg | grep -i sata | grep 'link up'` -[![Linux Check IDE SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed][3]][3] - -### dd Command - -You can use the dd command as follows to get speed info too: -``` -dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/output.img bs=8k count=256k -rm /tmp/output.img -``` - -Sample outputs: -``` -262144+0 records in -262144+0 records out -2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 23.6472 seconds, **90.8 MB/s** - -``` - -The [recommended syntax for the dd command is as follows][4] -``` -dd if=/dev/input.file of=/path/to/output.file bs=block-size count=number-of-blocks oflag=dsync - -## GNU dd syntax ## -dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/test1.img bs=1G count=1 oflag=dsync - -## OR alternate syntax for GNU/dd ## -dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/testALT.img bs=1G count=1 conv=fdatasync -``` - - -Sample outputs from the last dd command: -``` -1+0 records in -1+0 records out -1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB, 1.0 GiB) copied, 4.23889 s, 253 MB/s -``` - -### Disks & storage - GUI tool - -You can also use disk utility located at System > Administration > Disk utility menu. Please note that in latest version of Gnome it is simply called Disks. - -#### How do I test the performance of my hard disk using Disks on Linux? - -To test the speed of your hard disk: - - 1. Open **Disks** from the **Activities** overview (press the Super key on your keyboard and type Disks) - 2. Choose the **disk** from the list in the **left pane** - 3. Select the menu button and select **Benchmark disk …** from the menu - 4. Click **Start Benchmark …** and adjust the Transfer Rate and Access Time parameters as desired. - 5. Choose **Start Benchmarking** to test how fast data can be read from the disk. Administrative privileges required. Enter your password - - - -A quick video demo of above procedure: - -https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/disks-performance.mp4 - - -#### Read Only Benchmark (Safe option) - -Then, select > Read only: -![Fig.01: Linux Benchmarking Hard Disk Read Only Test Speed][5] -The above option will not destroy any data. - -#### Read and Write Benchmark (All data will be lost so be careful) - -Visit System > Administration > Disk utility menu > Click Benchmark > Click Start Read/Write Benchmark button: -![Fig.02:Linux Measuring read rate, write rate and access time][6] - -### About the author - -The author is the creator of nixCraft and a seasoned sysadmin and a trainer for the Linux operating system/Unix shell scripting. He has worked with global clients and in various industries, including IT, education, defense and space research, and the nonprofit sector. Follow him on [Twitter][7], [Facebook][8], [Google+][9]. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/how-fast-is-linux-sata-hard-disk.html - -作者：[Vivek Gite][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/ -[1]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/bash-for-loop/ -[2]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-command-to-find-sata-harddisk-link-speed/ -[3]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/Linux-Check-IDE-SATA-SSD-Hard-Disk-Transfer-Speed.jpg -[4]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-linux-unix-test-disk-performance-with-dd-command/ -[5]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/tips/2007/10/Linux-Hard-Disk-Speed-Benchmark.png (Linux Benchmark Hard Disk Speed) -[6]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/tips/2007/10/Linux-Hard-Disk-Read-Write-Benchmark.png (Linux Hard Disk Benchmark Read / Write Rate and Access Time) -[7]:https://twitter.com/nixcraft -[8]:https://facebook.com/nixcraft -[9]:https://plus.google.com/+CybercitiBiz diff --git a/translated/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md b/translated/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..260c2e9251 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ +Linux 检测 IDE / SATA SSD 硬盘的传输速度 +====== +你知道你的硬盘在 linux 下挂在传输有多快吗？ 打开电脑的机箱活着机柜，你了解你的硬盘类型吗？ 不同类型的传输速度也不同 SATA I (150 MB/s) 、 SATA II (300 MB/s) 、 SATA III (6.0Gb/s) 。 + +你能够使用 **hdparm 和 dd 命令** 来检测你的硬盘速度。它为常见的 Linux 系统的 ATA / IDE / SATA 设备驱动程序子系统支持的各种硬盘的 ioctl 提供命令行界面。有些选项只能用最新的内核才能正常工作（请确保安装了最新的内核）。我也推荐使用最新的内核源代码中包含的编译的 hdparm 命令。 + +### 如何使用 hdparm 命令来检测硬盘的传输速度 + +以 root 管理员权限登录并执行命令: +`$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda` +或者 +`$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/hda` +输出: +``` +/dev/sda: + Timing cached reads: 7864 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3935.41 MB/sec + Timing buffered disk reads: 204 MB in 3.00 seconds = 67.98 MB/sec +``` + +为了检测更精准，这个操作应该 **重复2-3次** 。这显示了直接从 Linux 缓冲区缓存中读取的速度，而无需磁盘访问。这个测量实际上是被测系统的处理器，高速缓存和存储器的吞吐量的指示。这里是 [for循环的例子][1]，连续运行测试3次: +`for i in 1 2 3; do hdparm -tT /dev/hda; done` +Where, + + * **-t** : 执行设备读取时序 + * **-T** : 执行缓存读取时间 + * **/dev/sda** : 硬盘设备文件 + + + +要 [找出SATA硬盘链接速度][2] ，请输入: +`sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep -i speed` +输出: +``` + * Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s) + * Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s) + * Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s) + +``` + +以上输出表明我的硬盘可以使用1.5Gb / s，3.0Gb / s或6.0Gb / s的速度。请注意，您的BIOS /主板必须支持SATA-II / III : +`$ dmesg | grep -i sata | grep 'link up'` +[![Linux Check IDE SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed][3]][3] + +### dd 命令 + +你使用 dd 发热命令也可以获取到相应的速度信息: +``` +dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/output.img bs=8k count=256k +rm /tmp/output.img +``` + +输出: +``` +262144+0 records in +262144+0 records out +2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 23.6472 seconds, **90.8 MB/s** + +``` + +下面是 [ dd 命令推荐的输入的参数][4] +``` +dd if=/dev/input.file of=/path/to/output.file bs=block-size count=number-of-blocks oflag=dsync + +## GNU dd syntax ## +dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/test1.img bs=1G count=1 oflag=dsync + +## OR alternate syntax for GNU/dd ## +dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/testALT.img bs=1G count=1 conv=fdatasync +``` + + +这个是上面命令的第三个命令的输出结果: +``` +1+0 records in +1+0 records out +1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB, 1.0 GiB) copied, 4.23889 s, 253 MB/s +``` + +### 磁盘存储 - GUI 工具 + +您还可以使用位于系统>管理>磁盘实用程序菜单中的磁盘实用程序。请注意，在最新版本的Gnome中，它简称为磁盘。 + +#### 如何使用Linux上的磁盘测试我的硬盘的性能？ + +要测试硬盘的速度: + + 1. 从 **活动概览** 中打开 **磁盘**（按键盘上的超级键并键入磁盘） + 2. 从 **左侧窗格** 的列表中选择 **磁盘** + 3. 选择菜单按钮并从菜单中选择 **Benchmark disk** ... + 4. 单击 **开始 benchmark...** 并根据需要调整传输速率和访问时间参数。 + 5. 选择 **Start Benchmarking** 来测试从磁盘读取数据的速度。需要管理权限请输入密码。 + + +以上操作的快速视频演示: + +https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/disks-performance.mp4 + + +#### 只读 Benchmark (安全模式下) + +然后，选择 > 只读: + +![Fig.01: Linux Benchmarking Hard Disk Read Only Test Speed][5] + +上述选项不会销毁任何数据。 + +#### 读写的 Benchmark（所有数据将丢失，所以要小心） + +访问系统 > 管理 > 磁盘实用程序菜单 > 单击 benchmark >单击开始读/写 benchmark 按钮: + +![Fig.02:Linux Measuring read rate, write rate and access time][6] + +### 作者 + +作者是 nixCraft 的创造者，是经验丰富的系统管理员，也是 Linux 操作系统/ Unix shell 脚本的培训师。他曾与全球客户以及IT，教育，国防和空间研究以及非营利部门等多个行业合作。在Twitter，Facebook和Google+上关注他。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/how-fast-is-linux-sata-hard-disk.html + +作者：[Vivek Gite][a] +译者：[MonkeyDEcho](https://github.com/MonkeyDEcho) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/ +[1]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/bash-for-loop/ +[2]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-command-to-find-sata-harddisk-link-speed/ +[3]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/Linux-Check-IDE-SATA-SSD-Hard-Disk-Transfer-Speed.jpg +[4]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-linux-unix-test-disk-performance-with-dd-command/ +[5]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/tips/2007/10/Linux-Hard-Disk-Speed-Benchmark.png (Linux Benchmark Hard Disk Speed) +[6]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/tips/2007/10/Linux-Hard-Disk-Read-Write-Benchmark.png (Linux Hard Disk Benchmark Read / Write Rate and Access Time) +[7]:https://twitter.com/nixcraft +[8]:https://facebook.com/nixcraft +[9]:https://plus.google.com/+CybercitiBiz