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translating---geekpi
FreeFileSync – Compare and Synchronize Files in Ubuntu
============================================================
FreeFileSync is a free, open source and cross platform folder comparison and synchronization software, which helps you [synchronize files and folders on Linux][2], Windows and Mac OS.
It is portable and can also be installed locally on a system, it’s feature-rich and is intended to save time in setting up and executing backup operations while having attractive graphical interface as well.
#### FreeFileSync Features
Below are it’s key features:
1. It can synchronize network shares and local disks.
2. It can synchronize MTP devices (Android, iPhone, tablet, digital camera).
3. It can also synchronize via [SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol)][1].
4. It can identify moved and renamed files and folders.
5. Displays disk space usage with directory trees.
6. Supports copying locked files (Volume Shadow Copy Service).
7. Identifies conflicts and propagate deletions.
8. Supports comparison of files by content.
9. It can be configured to handle Symbolic Links.
10. Supports automation of sync as a batch job.
11. Enables processing of multiple folder pairs.
12. Supports in-depth and detailed error reporting.
13. Supports copying of NTFS extended attributes such as (compressed, encrypted, sparse).
14. Also supports copying of NTFS security permissions and NTFS Alternate Data Streams.
15. Support long file paths with more than 260 characters.
16. Supports Fail-safe file copy prevents data corruption.
17. Allows expanding of environment variables such as %UserProfile%.
18. Supports accessing of variable drive letters by volume name (USB sticks).
19. Supports managing of versions of deleted/updated files.
20. Prevent disc space issues via optimal sync sequence.
21. Supports full Unicode.
22. Offers a highly optimized run time performance.
23. Supports filters to include and exclude files plus lots more.
### How To Install FreeFileSync in Ubuntu Linux
We will add official FreeFileSync PPA, which is available for Ubuntu 14.04 and Ubuntu 15.10 only, then update the system repository list and install it like so:
```
-------------- On Ubuntu 14.04 and 15.10 --------------
$ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:freefilesync/ffs
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install freefilesync
```
On Ubuntu 16.04 and newer version, go to the [FreeFileSync download page][3] and get the appropriate package file for Ubuntu and Debian Linux.
Next, move into the Download folder, extract the FreeFileSync_*.tar.gz into the /opt directory as follows:
```
$ cd Downloads/
$ sudo tar xvf FreeFileSync_*.tar.gz -C /opt/
$ cd /opt/
$ ls
$ sudo unzip FreeFileSync/Resources.zip -d /opt/FreeFileSync/Resources/
```
Now we will create an application launcher (.desktop file) using Gnome Panel. To view examples of `.desktop`files on your system, list the contents of the directory /usr/share/applications:
```
$ ls /usr/share/applications
```
In case you do not have Gnome Panel installed, type the command below to install it:
```
$ sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends gnome-panel
```
Next, run the command below to create the application launcher:
```
$ sudo gnome-desktop-item-edit /usr/share/applications/ --create-new
```
And define the values below:
```
Type: Application
Name: FreeFileSync
Command: /opt/FreeFileSync/FreeFileSync
Comment: Folder Comparison and Synchronization
```
To add an icon for the launcher, simply clicking on the spring icon to select it: /opt/FreeFileSync/Resources/FreeFileSync.png.
When you have set all the above, click OK create it.
[
![Create Desktop Launcher](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Create-Desktop-Launcher.png)
][4]
Create Desktop Launcher
If you don’t want to create desktop launcher, you can start FreeFileSync from the directory itself.
```
$ ./FreeFileSync
```
### How to Use FreeFileSync in Ubuntu
In Ubuntu, search for FreeFileSync in the Unity Dash, whereas in Linux Mint, search for it in the System Menu, and click on the FreeFileSync icon to open it.
[
![FreeFileSync ](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/FreeFileSync-launched.png)
][5]
FreeFileSync
#### Compare Two Folders Using FreeFileSync
In the example below, we’ll use:
```
Source Folder: /home/aaronkilik/bin
Destination Folder: /media/aaronkilik/J_CPRA_X86F/scripts
```
To compare the file time and size of the two folders (default setting), simply click on the Compare button.
[
![Compare Two Folders in Linux](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/compare-two-folders.png)
][6]
Compare Two Folders in Linux
Press `F6` to change what to compare by default, in the two folders: file time and size, content or file size from the interface below. Note that the meaning of the each option you select is included as well.
[
![File Comparison Settings](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/comparison-settings.png)
][7]
File Comparison Settings
#### Synchronization Two Folders Using FreeFileSync
You can start by comparing the two folders, and then click on Synchronize button, to start the synchronization process; click Start from the dialog box the appears thereafter:
```
Source Folder: /home/aaronkilik/Desktop/tecmint-files
Destination Folder: /media/aaronkilik/Data/Tecmint
```
[
![Compare and Synchronize Two Folders](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/compare-and-sychronize-two-folders.png)
][8]
Compare and Synchronize Two Folders
[
![Start File Synchronization](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/start-sychronization.png)
][9]
Start File Synchronization
[
![File Synchronization Completed](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/synchronization-complete.png)
][10]
File Synchronization Completed
To set the default synchronization option: two way, mirror, update or custom, from the following interface; press `F8`. The meaning of the each option is included there.
[
![File Synchronization Settings](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/synchronization-setttings.png)
][11]
File Synchronization Settings
For more information, visit FreeFileSync homepage at [http://www.freefilesync.org/][12]
That’s all! In this article, we showed you how to install FreeFileSync in Ubuntu and it’s derivatives such as Linux Mint, Kubuntu and many more. Drop your comments via the feedback section below.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
作者简介：
I am Ravi Saive, creator of TecMint. A Computer Geek and Linux Guru who loves to share tricks and tips on Internet. Most Of My Servers runs on Open Source Platform called Linux. Follow Me: [Twitter][00], [Facebook][01] and [Google+][02]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://www.tecmint.com/freefilesync-compare-synchronize-files-in-ubuntu/
作者：[Ravi Saive ][a]
译者：[runningwater](https://github.com/runningwater)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/admin/
[00]:https://twitter.com/ravisaive
[01]:https://www.facebook.com/ravi.saive
[02]:https://plus.google.com/u/0/+RaviSaive
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/sftp-command-examples/
[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/rsync-local-remote-file-synchronization-commands/
[3]:http://www.freefilesync.org/download.php
[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Create-Desktop-Launcher.png
[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/FreeFileSync-launched.png
[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/compare-two-folders.png
[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/comparison-settings.png
[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/compare-and-sychronize-two-folders.png
[9]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/start-sychronization.png
[10]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/synchronization-complete.png
[11]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/synchronization-setttings.png
[12]:http://www.freefilesync.org/
[13]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/admin/
[14]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
[15]:http://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/

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FreeFileSync - 在 Ubuntu 中对比及同步文件
============================================================
FreeFileSync 是一个免费、开源以及跨平台的文件夹对比及同步软件，它可以帮助你[同步 Linux、Windows 和 Mac OS 中的文件和文件夹][2]。
它是可移植的并可以被本地安装在系统中，它的功能丰富，旨在节省设置和执行备份操作的时间，同时具有有吸引力的图形界面。
#### FreeFileSync 功能
下面是它的主要功能：
1. 它可以同步网络共享和本地磁盘。
2. 它可以同步 MTP 设备（Android、iPhone、平板电脑、数码相机）。
3. 它也可以通过 [SFTP（SSH 文件传输协议）][1]进行同步。
4. 它可以识别被移动和被重命名的文件和文件夹。
5. 使用目录树显示磁盘空间使用情况。
6. 支持复制锁定文件（卷影复制服务）。
7. 确定冲突并同步删除（propagate deletions）。
8. 支持按内容比较文件。
9. 它可以配置为处理符号链接。
10. 支持批量自动同步。
11. 支持多个文件夹比较。
12. 支持深入详细的错误报告。
13. 支持复制 NTFS 扩展属性，如（压缩、加密、稀疏）。
14. 还支持复制 NTFS 安全权限和 NTFS 备用数据流。
15. 支持超过 260 个字符的长文件路径。
16. 支持故障安全的文件复制防止数据损坏。
17. 允许扩展环境变量，例如 ％UserProfile％。
18. 支持通过卷名访问可变驱动器盘符（U盘）。
19. 支持管理已删除/更新文件的版本。
20. 通过最佳同步序列防止光盘空间问题。
21. 支持完整的 Unicode。
22. 提供高度优化的运行时性能。
23. 支持过滤器包含和排除文件等。
### 如何在 Ubuntu 中安装 FreeFileSync
我们会添加官方的 FreeFileSync PPA，这只在 Ubuntu 14.04 和 Ubuntu 15.10 上有，那么像这样更新系统仓库列表并安装它：
```
-------------- 在 Ubuntu 14.04 和 15.10 上 --------------
$ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:freefilesync/ffs
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install freefilesync
```
对于 Ubuntu 16.04 或者更新的版本，进入[ FreeFileSync 的下载页][3]为你的 Ubuntu 和 Debian 获取合适的包。
接下来，进入下载文件夹，如下解压 FreeFileSync_*.tar.gz 到 /opt 目录中：
```
$ cd Downloads/
$ sudo tar xvf FreeFileSync_*.tar.gz -C /opt/
$ cd /opt/
$ ls
$ sudo unzip FreeFileSync/Resources.zip -d /opt/FreeFileSync/Resources/
```
下载我们会使用 Gnome Panel创建一个程序启动器（.desktop 文件）。要浏览系统中 `.desktop` 文件的例子，列出 /usr/share/applications 目录的内容：
```
$ ls /usr/share/applications
```
为防你没有安装 Gnome Panel，输入下面的命令来安装：
```
$ sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends gnome-panel
```
接下来，运行下面的命令来创建程序启动器：
```
$ sudo gnome-desktop-item-edit /usr/share/applications/ --create-new
```
并定义下面的值：
```
Type: Application
Name: FreeFileSync
Command: /opt/FreeFileSync/FreeFileSync
Comment: Folder Comparison and Synchronization
```
要为启动器添加一个图标，只需要点击图标选择：/opt/FreeFileSync/Resources/FreeFileSync.png。
当你设置完成之后，点击 OK 创建。
[
![Create Desktop Launcher](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Create-Desktop-Launcher.png)
][4]
创建桌面启动器
如果你不想要创建桌面启动器，你可以从目录中启动 FreeFileSync。
```
$ ./FreeFileSync
```
### 如何在 Ubuntu 中使用 FreeFileSync
在 Ubuntu 中，在 Unity Dash 中搜索 FreeFileSync，然而在 Linux Mint 中，在 System Menu 中搜索，并点击 FreeFileSync 图标打开。
[
![FreeFileSync ](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/FreeFileSync-launched.png)
][5]
FreeFileSync
#### 使用 FreeFileSync 比较两个文件夹
在下面的例子中，我们使用：
```
Source Folder: /home/aaronkilik/bin
Destination Folder: /media/aaronkilik/J_CPRA_X86F/scripts
```
要比较文件时间以及两个文件夹的大小（默认设置），只要点击比较按钮。
[
![Compare Two Folders in Linux](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/compare-two-folders.png)
][6]
在 Linux 中比较两个文件夹
通过下面的界面，可以在两个文件夹中按 `F6` 来更改要比较的内容：文件时间和大小、内容或文件大小。请注意，你选择的每个选项的含义也包括在内。
[
![File Comparison Settings](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/comparison-settings.png)
][7]
文件比较设置
#### 使用 FreeFileSync 同步两个文件夹
你可以开始比较两个文件夹，接着点击 Synchronize 按钮启动同步进程。在之后出现的对话框中点击 Start：
```
Source Folder: /home/aaronkilik/Desktop/tecmint-files
Destination Folder: /media/aaronkilik/Data/Tecmint
```
[
![Compare and Synchronize Two Folders](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/compare-and-sychronize-two-folders.png)
][8]
比较以及同步两个文件夹
[
![Start File Synchronization](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/start-sychronization.png)
][9]
开始文件同步
[
![File Synchronization Completed](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/synchronization-complete.png)
][10]
文件同步完成
在下面的界面中按下 `F8` 设置默认同步选项：two way、mirror、update 或 custom。每个选项的意义都包含在内。
[
![File Synchronization Settings](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/synchronization-setttings.png)
][11]
文件同步设置
要了解更多信息，访问 FreeFileSync 主页：[http://www.freefilesync.org/][12]
就是这样了！在本篇中，我们向你展示了如何在 Ubuntu 以及它的衍生版 Linux Mint、Kubuntu 等等中安装 FreeFileSync。在下面的评论栏中分享你的想法。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
作者简介：
Ravi Saive，TecMint 的原创作者。一个喜爱在互联网上分享技巧和提示的计算机 geek 和 Linux 老手。我的大多数服务运行在 Linux 开源平台上。请在 Twitter、Facebook、Google+ 上关注我。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://www.tecmint.com/freefilesync-compare-synchronize-files-in-ubuntu/
作者：[Ravi Saive ][a]
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/admin/
[00]:https://twitter.com/ravisaive
[01]:https://www.facebook.com/ravi.saive
[02]:https://plus.google.com/u/0/+RaviSaive
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/sftp-command-examples/
[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/rsync-local-remote-file-synchronization-commands/
[3]:http://www.freefilesync.org/download.php
[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Create-Desktop-Launcher.png
[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/FreeFileSync-launched.png
[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/compare-two-folders.png
[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/comparison-settings.png
[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/compare-and-sychronize-two-folders.png
[9]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/start-sychronization.png
[10]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/synchronization-complete.png
[11]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/synchronization-setttings.png
[12]:http://www.freefilesync.org/
[13]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/admin/
[14]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
[15]:http://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/