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[翻译完成] Why is Arch Linux so challenging...
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[Moelf](https://github.com/Moelf) Translating
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Why is Arch Linux So Challenging and What are Its Pros & Cons?
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======
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[Arch Linux][1] is among the most popular Linux distributions and it was first released in **2002** , being spear-headed by **Aaron Grifin**. Yes, it aims to provide simplicity, minimalism, and elegance to the OS user but its target audience is not the faint of hearts. Arch encourages community involvement and a user is expected to put in some effort to better comprehend how the system operates.
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Many old-time Linux users know a good amount about **Arch Linux** but you probably don’t if you are new to it considering using it for your everyday computing tasks. I’m no authority on the distro myself but from my experience with it, here are the pros and cons you will experience while using it.
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### 1\. Pro: Build Your Own Linux OS
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Other popular Linux Operating Systems like **Fedora** and **Ubuntu** ship with computers, same as **Windows** and **MacOS**. **Arch** , on the other hand, allows you to develop your OS to your taste. If you are able to achieve this, you will end up with a system that will be able to do exactly as you wish.
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#### Con: Installation is a Hectic Process
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[Installing Arch Linux][2] is far from a walk in a park and since you will be fine-tuning the OS, it will take a while. You will need to have an understanding of various terminal commands and the components you will be working with since you are to pick them yourself. By now, you probably already know that this requires quite a bit of reading.
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### 2\. Pro: No Bloatware and Unnecessary Services
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Since **Arch** allows you to choose your own components, you no longer have to deal with a bunch of software you don’t want. In contrast, OSes like **Ubuntu** come with a huge number of pre-installed desktop and background apps which you may not need and might not be able to know that they exist in the first place, before going on to remove them.
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To put simply, **Arch Linux** saves you post-installation time. **Pacman** , an awesome utility app, is the package manager Arch Linux uses by default. There is an alternative to **Pacman** , called [Pamac][3].
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### 3\. Pro: No System Upgrades
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**Arch Linux** uses the rolling release model and that is awesome. It means that you no longer have to worry about upgrading every now and then. Once you install Arch, say goodbye to upgrading to a new version as updates occur continuously. By default, you will always be using the latest version.
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#### Con: Some Updates Can Break Your System
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While updates flow in continuously, you have to consciously track what comes in. Nobody knows your software’s specific configuration and it’s not tested by anyone but you. So, if you are not careful, things on your machine could break.
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### 4\. Pro: Arch is Community Based
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Linux users generally have one thing in common: The need for independence. Although most Linux distros have less corporate ties, there are still a few you cannot ignore. For instance, a distro based on **Ubuntu** is influenced by whatever decisions Canonical makes.
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If you are trying to become even more independent with the use of your computer, then **Arch Linux** is the way to go. Unlike most systems, Arch has no commercial influence and focuses on the community.
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### 5\. Pro: Arch Wiki is Awesome
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The [Arch Wiki][4] is a super library of everything you need to know about the installation and maintenance of every component in the Linux system. The great thing about this site is that even if you are using a different Linux distro from Arch, you would still find its information relevant. That’s simply because Arch uses the same components as many other Linux distros and its guides and fixes sometimes apply to all.
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### 6\. Pro: Check Out the Arch User Repository
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The [Arch User Repository (AUR)][5] is a huge collection of software packages from members of the community. If you are looking for a Linux program that is not yet available on Arch’s repositories, you can find it on the **AUR** for sure.
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The **AUR** is maintained by users who compile and install packages from source. Users are also allowed to vote on packages which give them (the packages i.e.) higher rankings that make them more visible to potential users.
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#### Ultimately: Is Arch Linux for You?
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**Arch Linux** has way more **pros** than **cons** including the ones that aren’t on this list. The installation process is long and probably too technical for a non-Linux savvy user, but with enough time on your hands and the ability to maximize productivity using wiki guides and the like, you should be good to go.
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**Arch Linux** is a great Linux distro – not in spite of its complexity, but because of it. And it appeals most to those who are ready to do what needs to be done – given that you will have to do your homework and exercise a good amount of patience.
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By the time you build this Operating System from scratch, you would have learned many details about GNU/Linux and would never be ignorant of what’s going on with your PC again.
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What are the **pros** and **cons** of using **Arch Linux** in your experience? And on the whole, why is using it so challenging? Drop your comments in the discussion section below.
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via: https://www.fossmint.com/why-is-arch-linux-so-challenging-what-are-pros-cons/
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作者：[Martins D. Okoi][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.fossmint.com/author/dillivine/
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[1]:https://www.archlinux.org/
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[2]:https://www.tecmint.com/arch-linux-installation-and-configuration-guide/
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[3]:https://www.fossmint.com/pamac-arch-linux-gui-package-manager/
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[4]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/
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[5]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_User_Repository
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为什么 Arch Linux 如此'难弄'又有何优劣?
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======
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[Arch Linux][1] 于**2002**年发布，由** Aaron Grifin** 领头，是当下最热门的 Linux 发行版之一。从设计上说，Arch Linux 试图给用户提供简单，最小化且优雅的体验，但他的目标用户群可不是怕事儿多的用户。Arch 鼓励参与社区建设，并且从设计上期待用户自己有学习操作系统的能力。
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很多 Linux 老鸟对于 **Arch Linux** 会更了解，但电脑前的你可能只是刚开始打算把 Arch 当作日常操作系统来使用。虽然我也不是权威人士，但下面几点优劣是我认为你总会在使用中慢慢发现的。
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### 1\. Pro: 定制属于你自己的 Linux 操作系统
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大多数热门的 Linux 发行版（比如**Ubuntu** 和 **Fedora**) 很像一般我们会看到的预装系统，和**Windows** 或者 **MacOS** 一样。但 Arch 则会更鼓励你去把操作系统配置到符合你的胃口。如果你能顺利做到这点的话，你会得到一个每一个细节都如你所想的操作系统。
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#### Con: 安装过程让人头疼
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[安装 Arch Linux][2] 是主流发行版里的一支独苗——因为你要花些时间来微调你的操作系统。你会在过程中学到不少终端命令，和组成你系统的各种软件模块——毕竟你要自己挑选安装什么。当然，你也知道这个过程少不了阅读一些文档/教程。
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### 2\. Pro: 没有预装垃圾
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介于 **Arch** 允许你在安装时选择你想要的系统部件，你再也不用烦恼怎么处理你不想要的一堆预装软件。作为对比，**Ubuntu** 会预装大量的软件和桌面应用——很多你不需要甚至卸载之前都不知道他们存在的东西。
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长话短说，**Arch Linux* 能省去大量的系统安装后时间。**Pacman**，是 Arch Linux 默认使用的优秀包管理组件。或者你也可以选择 [Pamac][3] 作为替代。
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### 3\. Pro: 无需繁琐系统升级
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**Arch Linux** 采用滚动升级模型，妙极了。这意味着你不需要担心老是被升级打断。一旦你用上了 Arch，连续地更新体验会让你和一会儿一个版本的升级说再见。只要你记得‘滚’更新（Arch 用语），你就一直会使用最新的软件包们。
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#### Con: 一些升级可能会滚坏你的系统
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虽然升级过程是完全连续的，你有时得留意一下你在更新什么。没人能知道所有软件的细节配置，也没人能替你来测试你的情况。所以如果你盲目更新，有时候你会滚坏你的系统。（译者：别担心，你可以回滚）
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### 4\. Pro: Arch 有一个社区基因
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所有 Linux 用户通常有一个共同点：对独立自由的追求。虽然大多数 Linux 发行版和公司企业等挂钩极少，但有时候也不是不存在的。比如 基于 **Ubuntu** 的变化版本们不得不受到 Canonical 公司决策的影响。
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如果你想让你的电脑更独立，那么 Arch Linux 是你的伙伴。不像大多数操作系统，Arch 完全没有商业集团的影响，完全由社区驱动。
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### 5\. Pro: Arch Wiki 无敌
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[Arch Wiki][4] 是一个无敌文档库，几乎涵盖了所有关于安装和维护 Arch 以及关于操作系统本身的知识。Arch Wiki 最厉害的一点可能是，不管你在用什么发行版，你多多少少可能都在 Arch Wiki 的页面里找到过有用信息。这是因为 Arch 用户也会用别的发行版用户会用的东西，所以一些技巧和知识得以泛化。
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### 6\. Pro: 别忘了 Arch 用户软件库 （AUR）
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[Arch User Repository (AUR)][5] 是一个来自社区的超大软件仓库。如果你找一个还没有 Arch 的官方仓库里出现的软件，你肯定能在 AUR 里找到社区为你准备好的包。
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AUR 是由用户自发编译和维护的。Arch 用户也可以给每个包投票，这样后来者就能找到最有用的那些软件包了。
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#### 最后: Arch Linux 适合你吗？
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**Arch Linux** 优点多于缺点，也有很多优缺点我无法在此一一叙述。安装过程很长，对非 Linux 用户来说也可能偏有些技术，但只要你投入一些时间和善用 Wiki，你肯定能迈过这道坎。
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**Arch Linux** 是一个非常优秀的发行版——尽管它有一些复杂性。同时它也很受那些知道自己想要什么的用户的欢迎——只要你肯做点功课，有些耐心。
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当你从0搭安装完 Arch 的时候，你会掌握很多 GNU/Linux 的内部细节，也再也不会对你的电脑内部运作方式一无所知了。
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欢迎读者们在评论区讨论你使用 Arch Linux 的优缺点？以及你曾经遇到过的一些挑战。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.fossmint.com/why-is-arch-linux-so-challenging-what-are-pros-cons/
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作者：[Martins D. Okoi][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[Moelf](https://github.com/Moelf)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.fossmint.com/author/dillivine/
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[1]:https://www.archlinux.org/
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[2]:https://www.tecmint.com/arch-linux-installation-and-configuration-guide/
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[3]:https://www.fossmint.com/pamac-arch-linux-gui-package-manager/
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[4]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/
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[5]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_User_Repository
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