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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (JonnieWayy)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Balloon-powered internet service goes live in Kenya)
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[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3566295/balloon-powered-internet-service-goes-live-in-kenya.html)
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[#]: author: (Patrick Nelson https://www.networkworld.com/author/Patrick-Nelson/)
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Balloon-powered internet service goes live in Kenya
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======
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Alphabet spinout Loon uses balloons to create a floating network of cell towers.
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[Loon][1]
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ISP [Telkom Kenya][2] is launching the first commercially available 4G LTE service using balloons that act as a network of cell towers floating in the stratosphere.
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The service will initially cover approximately 19,000 square miles in Kenya, according to Alastair Westgarth, CEO of [Loon][1], a spinout of Alphabet and the underlying technology provider. Roughly 35 or more balloons will comprise the fleet, moving continually, drifting in the stratosphere about 12 miles above the surface of the earth, Westgarth said in an article [on Medium][3]. "We refer to Loon as a floating network of cell towers," Westgarth said.
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Kenya is underserved by traditional internet, which is why this delivery mechanism is appropriate, said Mugo Kibati, Telkom Kenya's CEO, in a [press release][4]. "… the Internet-enabled balloons will be able to offer connectivity to the many Kenyans who live in remote regions that are underserved or totally unserved, and as such remain disadvantaged," Kibati said. Telemedicine and online education are two expected use-cases.
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In testing, Loon achieved a downlink speed of 18.9 Mbps with 19 milliseconds latency and an uplink speed of 4.74Mbps. Westgarth said the service is capable of being used for "voice calls, video calls, YouTube, WhatsApp, email, texting, web browsing" and other applications.
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In the bigger picture, internet service delivery from the stratosphere is an attractive proposition for [IoT][5]. At altitude, network coverage footprints can be more widespread, and coverage can be shifted as demand changes—a mining area moves, for example. In addition, there's less ground-based infrastructure to build out or deal with; developers can avoid the hassle of private property easements required for laying cables, for example.
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Service outages are conceivably more controllable, too. A provider could launch another device instead of having to trace faults through elaborate, remote, ground infrastructure. Backup balloons could be staged, waiting to be placed into service.
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### Drone-based internet delivery
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Another organization that's exploring the atmospheric Internet is Softbank, which calls its 260-foot wide HAWK30 drones a "floating base station in the stratosphere." (See related story: [SoftBank plans drone-delivered IoT and internet by 2023][6])
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One reason the major Japan telco is interested in stratosphere-delivered internet is because the archipelago is prone to natural disasters, such as earthquakes. Floating base stations above Earth can be more easily moved than traditional cell towers, enabling a quicker, more flexible response to natural disasters.
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Loon's balloons, in fact, been used successfully to deliver internet service following a disaster: Loon provided connectivity after Puerto Rico's Hurricane Maria in 2017, for example.
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Westgarth said Loon's balloons have come a long way since initial development. Launching is now performed by automated devices that can propel the ground-station-linked balloons to 60,000 feet once every half-hour, as opposed to by hand, as was done in earlier days.
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Machine-learning algorithms handle navigation to attempt to provide sustained service to users. That's not always possible, however, because wind (although not as excessive as can be found at ground level) and restricted airspace can affect coverage despite what Westgarth calls a "carefully choreographed and orchestrated balloon dance."
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Plus, the devices are solar powered, which means they only function and provide internet (or reposition themselves, or feed internet to other balloons) during daylight hours. For that and other reasons, Westgarth and Kibati have pointed out that the balloons must augment existing infrastructure and plans—they're not a total solution.
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"To connect all the people and things that are demanding it now and into the future, we need to expand our thinking; we need a new layer to the connectivity ecosystem," Westgarth said.
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Join the Network World communities on [Facebook][7] and [LinkedIn][8] to comment on topics that are top of mind.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3566295/balloon-powered-internet-service-goes-live-in-kenya.html
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作者：[Patrick Nelson][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Patrick-Nelson/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://loon.com/
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[2]: https://www.telkom.co.ke/
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[3]: https://medium.com/loon-for-all/loon-is-live-in-kenya-259d81c75a7a
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[4]: https://telkom.co.ke/telkom-and-loon-announce-progressive-deployment-loon-technology-customers-july
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[5]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3207535/what-is-iot-the-internet-of-things-explained.html
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[6]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3405170/softbank-plans-drone-delivered-iot-and-internet-by-2023.html
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[7]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
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[8]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world
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@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (JonnieWayy)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Balloon-powered internet service goes live in Kenya)
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[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3566295/balloon-powered-internet-service-goes-live-in-kenya.html)
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[#]: author: (Patrick Nelson https://www.networkworld.com/author/Patrick-Nelson/)
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气球驱动的互联网服务在肯尼亚上线
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======
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Alphabet 的衍生产品 [Loon][1] 使用气球创建了一个由蜂窝塔构成的浮动网络。
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ISP [Telkom Kenya][2] 正在启动第一个使用气球的商业化 4G LTE 服务，气球的作用是在漂浮在平流层中作为蜂窝塔网络。
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据 Alphabet 的衍生产品 [Loon][1] 的首席执行官及潜在的技术提供商 Alastair Westgarth 所说，这项服务起初将会覆盖肯尼亚接近 19000 平方英里的范围。 Westgarth 在 [Medium][3] 上的一篇文章中说，将会有大约 35 个或更多的气球组成编队，它们持续不断地移动，漂浮在地表上方大约 12 英里的平流层中。“我们将 Loon 称为浮动的蜂窝塔网络。” Westgarth 说道。
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Telkom Kenya 的首席执行官 Mugo Kibati 在一篇[新闻稿][4]中提到，传统互联网对肯尼亚的服务不足，这是采用这种输送装置的原因。“…… 具有互联网功能的气球能够为生活在服务不足或是完全没有服务的偏远地区的许多肯尼亚人提供联系，因此仍然处于不利低位。” Kibati 说道。远程医疗和在线教育是两个预期的用例。
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在测试中， Loon 实现了 有 19 毫秒延迟的 18.9 Mbps 下行速度，以及 4.74 Mbps 的上行速度。 Westgarth 说，该服务能够用于“语音通话、视频通话、 YouTube、 WhatsApp、电子邮件、发短信、网页浏览”和其他应用程序。
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从更大的角度看，从平流层提供互联网服务对于[物联网（ IoT ）][5]来说是一个诱人的主张。在高海拔地区，网络覆盖范围可能会更广泛，并且覆盖范围可以随着需求的变化而变化（例如，采矿区的移动）。此外，要建立或处理的地面基础设施更少。 比方说，开发人员可以避免铺设电缆所需的私有财产纠纷。
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可以想象，服务中断也更加可控。提供商可以启动另一台设备，而不必通过复杂的远程地面基础设施来跟踪故障。备用气球可以发挥作用，时刻准备着投入使用。
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### 基于无人机的互联网交付
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另一家正在探索大气层互联网的组织是软银（ Softbank ），它称其 260 英尺宽的 HAWK30 无人机是“平流层中的浮动基站”。（参见相关故事：[软银计划到 2023 年实现无人机交付的物联网和互联网][6]）
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日本主要的电信公司对平流层传送的互联网感兴趣的原因之一是，其群岛易于发生自然灾害，例如地震。与传统的基站相比，地球上空的浮动基站更容易移动，从而可以更快、更灵活地应对自然灾害。
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实际上，在一场灾害过后， Loon 的气球已成功用于提供互联网服务：例如， Loon 在 2017 年波多黎各的飓风 Maria 之后提供了连接。
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Westgarth 说， Loon 的气球自最初开发以来已经走了很长一段路。现如今，发射是通过自动设备执行的，该设备可以每半小时将连接在地面站点的气球推到 60000 英尺高空，而不像以前那样人工进行。
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机器学习算法会处理导航，以尝试向用户提供持续的服务。但是，这并非总是可能的，因为风（尽管在地面上没有那么大）和受限的空域都会影响覆盖范围，尽管 Westgarth 称之为“精心编排组织的气球舞蹈”。
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此外，这些设备是太阳能供电的，这意味着它们仅仅能够在白天工作并提供互联网（或重新定位自身，或向其他气球传输互联网）。出于上述原因和其他的一些原因， Westgarth 和 Kibati 指出，气球必须扩大现有的基础设施和计划，但这并不是一个完整的解决方案。
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Westgarth 说：“为了连接现在和将来需要它的所有人员和事物，我们需要开阔我们的思维；我们需要在连通性生态系统中增加新的一层。”
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加入 [Facebook][7] 和 [LinkedIn][8] 上的 Network World 社区，以评论最首要的主题。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3566295/balloon-powered-internet-service-goes-live-in-kenya.html
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作者：[Patrick Nelson][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[JonnieWayy](https://github.com/JonnieWayy)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Patrick-Nelson/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://loon.com/
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[2]: https://www.telkom.co.ke/
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[3]: https://medium.com/loon-for-all/loon-is-live-in-kenya-259d81c75a7a
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[4]: https://telkom.co.ke/telkom-and-loon-announce-progressive-deployment-loon-technology-customers-july
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[5]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3207535/what-is-iot-the-internet-of-things-explained.html
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[6]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3405170/softbank-plans-drone-delivered-iot-and-internet-by-2023.html
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[7]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
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[8]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world
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