From 874447fbc6fc18bac8b6dbb27ef9133e75a3742f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DarkSun Date: Fri, 10 Jan 2020 00:55:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E9=80=89=E9=A2=98:=2020200109=20My=20favorite?= =?UTF-8?q?=20Bash=20hacks?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit sources/tech/20200109 My favorite Bash hacks.md --- .../tech/20200109 My favorite Bash hacks.md | 142 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 142 insertions(+) create mode 100644 sources/tech/20200109 My favorite Bash hacks.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20200109 My favorite Bash hacks.md b/sources/tech/20200109 My favorite Bash hacks.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..857f10e160 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20200109 My favorite Bash hacks.md @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (My favorite Bash hacks) +[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/1/bash-scripts-aliases) +[#]: author: (Katie McLaughlin https://opensource.com/users/glasnt) + +My favorite Bash hacks +====== +Improve your productivity with aliases and other shortcuts for the +things you forget too often. +![bash logo on green background][1] + +When you work with computers all day, it's fantastic to find repeatable commands and tag them for easy use later on. They all sit there, tucked away in **~/.bashrc** (or ~/.zshrc for [Zsh users][2]), waiting to help improve your day! + +In this article, I share some of my favorite of these helper commands for things I forget a lot, in hopes that they will save you, too, some heartache over time. + +### Say when it's over + +When I'm using longer-running commands, I often multitask and then have to go back and check if the action has completed. But not anymore, with this helpful invocation of **say** (this is on MacOS; change for your local equivalent): + + +``` +function looooooooong { +    START=$(date +%s.%N) +    $* +    EXIT_CODE=$? +    END=$(date +%s.%N) +    DIFF=$(echo "$END - $START" | bc) +    RES=$(python -c "diff = $DIFF; min = int(diff / 60); print('%s min' % min)") +    result="$1 completed in $RES, exit code $EXIT_CODE." +    echo -e "\n⏰  $result" +    ( say -r 250 $result 2>&1 > /dev/null & ) +} +``` + +This command marks the start and end time of a command, calculates the minutes it takes, and speaks the command invoked, the time taken, and the exit code. I find this super helpful when a simple console bell just won't do. + +### Install helpers + +I started using Ubuntu back in the Lucid days, and one of the first things I needed to learn was how to install packages. And one of the first aliases I ever added was a helper for this (named based on the memes of the day): + + +``` +`alias canhas="sudo apt-get install -y"` +``` + +### GNU Privacy Guard (GPG) signing + +On the off chance I have to sign a [GPG][3] email without having an extension or application to do it for me, I drop down into the command line and use these terribly dorky aliases: + + +``` +alias gibson="gpg --encrypt --sign --armor" +alias ungibson="gpg --decrypt" +``` + +### Docker + +There are many Docker commands, but there are even more **docker compose** commands. I used to forget the **\--rm** flags, but not anymore with these useful aliases: + + +``` +alias dc="docker-compose" +alias dcr="docker-compose run --rm" +alias dcb="docker-compose run --rm --build" +``` + +### gcurl helper for Google Cloud + +This one is relatively new to me, but it's [heavily documented][4]. gcurl is an alias to ensure you get all the correct flags when using local curl commands with authentication headers when working with Google Cloud APIs.  + +### Git and ~/.gitignore + +I work a lot in Git, so I have a special section dedicated to Git helpers. + +One of my most useful helpers is one I use to clone GitHub repos. Instead of having to run: + + +``` +`git clone git@github.com:org/repo /Users/glasnt/git/org/repo` +``` + +I set up a clone function: + + +``` +clone(){ +    echo Cloning $1 to ~/git/$1 +    cd ~/git +    git clone [git@github.com][5]:$1 $1 +    cd $1 +} +``` + +Even though I always forget and giggle any time I'm diving into my **~/.bashrc** file, I also have my "refresh upstream" command: + + +``` +`alias yoink="git checkout master && git fetch upstream master && git merge upstream/master"` +``` + +Another helper for Git-ville is a global ignore file. In your **git config --global --list** you should see a **core.excludesfile**. If not, [create one][6], and fill it full of things that you always put into your individual **.gitignore** files. As a Python developer on MacOS, for me this is: + + +``` +.DS_Store     # macOS clutter +venv/         # I never want to commit my virtualenv +*.egg-info/*  # ... nor any locally compiled packages +__pycache__   # ... or source +*.swp         # ... nor any files open in vim +``` + +You can find other suggestions over on [Gitignore.io][7] or on the [Gitignore repo][8] on GitHub. + +### Your turn + +What are your favorite helper commands? Please share them in the comments. + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/bash-scripts-aliases + +作者：[Katie McLaughlin][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://opensource.com/users/glasnt +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/bash_command_line.png?itok=k4z94W2U (bash logo on green background) +[2]: https://opensource.com/article/19/9/getting-started-zsh +[3]: https://gnupg.org/ +[4]: https://cloud.google.com/service-infrastructure/docs/service-control/getting-started +[5]: mailto:git@github.com +[6]: https://help.github.com/en/github/using-git/ignoring-files#create-a-global-gitignore +[7]: https://www.gitignore.io/ +[8]: https://github.com/github/gitignore