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Translating by robsean
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Top 5 CAD Software Available for Linux in 2018
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======
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[Computer Aided Design (CAD)][1] is an essential part of many streams of engineering. CAD is professionally used is architecture, auto parts design, space shuttle research, aeronautics, bridge construction, interior design, and even clothing and jewelry.
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A number of professional grade CAD software like SolidWorks and Autodesk AutoCAD are not natively supported on the Linux platform. So today we will be having a look at the top CAD software available for Linux. Let’s dive right in.
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### Best CAD Software available for Linux
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![CAD Software for Linux][2]
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Before you see the list of CAD software for Linux, you should keep one thing in mind that not all the applications listed here are open source. We included some non-FOSS CAD software to help average Linux user.
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Installation instructions of Ubuntu-based Linux distributions have been provided. You may check the respective websites to learn the installation procedure for other distributions.
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The list is not any specific order. CAD application at number one should not be considered better than the one at number three and so on.
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#### 1\. FreeCAD
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For 3D Modelling, FreeCAD is an excellent option which is both free (beer and speech) and open source. FreeCAD is built with keeping mechanical engineering and product design as target purpose. FreeCAD is multiplatform and is available on Windows, Mac OS X+ along with Linux.
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![freecad][3]
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Although FreeCAD has been the choice of many Linux users, it should be noted that FreeCAD is still on version 0.17 and therefore, is not suitable for major deployment. But the development has picked up pace recently.
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[FreeCAD][4]
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FreeCAD does not focus on direct 2D drawings and animation of organic shapes but it’s great for design related to mechanical engineering. FreeCAD version 0.15 is available in the Ubuntu repositories. You can install it by running the below command.
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```
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sudo apt install freecad
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```
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To get newer daily builds (0.17 at the moment), open a terminal (ctrl+alt+t) and run the commands below one by one.
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```
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sudo add-apt-repository ppa:freecad-maintainers/freecad-daily
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sudo apt update
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sudo apt install freecad-daily
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```
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#### 2\. LibreCAD
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LibreCAD is a free, opensource, 2D CAD solution. Generally, CAD tends to be a resource-intensive task, and if you have a rather modest hardware, then I’d suggest you go for LibreCAD as it is really lightweight in terms of resource usage. LibreCAD is a great candidate for geometric constructions.
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![librecad][5]
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As a 2D tool, LibreCAD is good but it cannot work on 3D models and renderings. It might be unstable at times but it has a dependable autosave which won’t let your work go wasted.
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[LibreCAD][6]
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You can install LibreCAD by running the following command
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```
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sudo apt install librecad
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```
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#### 3\. OpenSCAD
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OpenSCAD is a free 3D CAD software. OpenSCAD is very lightweight and flexible. OpenSCAD is not interactive. You need to ‘program’ the model and OpenSCAD interprets that code to render a visual model. It is a compiler in a sense. You cannot draw the model. You describe the model.
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![openscad][7]
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OpenSCAD is the most complicated tool on this list but once you get to know it, it provides an enjoyable work experience.
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[OpenSCAD][8]
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You can use the following commands to install OpenSCAD.
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```
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sudo apt-get install openscad
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```
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#### 4\. BRL-CAD
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BRL-CAD is one of the oldest CAD tools out there. It also has been loved by Linux/UNIX users as it aligns itself with *nix philosophies of modularity and freedom.
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![BRL-CAD rendering by Sean][9]
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BRL-CAD was started in 1979, and it is still developed actively. Now, BRL-CAD is not AutoCAD but it is still a great choice for transport studies such as thermal and ballistic penetration. BRL-CAD underlies CSG instead of boundary representation. You might need to keep that in mind while opting for BRL-CAD. You can download BRL-CAD from its official website.
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[BRL-CAD][10]
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#### 5\. DraftSight (not open source)
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If You’re used to working on AutoCAD, then DraftSight would be the perfect alternative for you.
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DraftSight is a great CAD tool available on Linux. It has a rather similar workflow to AutoCAD, which makes migrating easier. It even provides a similar look and feel. DrafSight is also compatible with the .dwg file format of AutoCAD. But DrafSight is a 2D CAD software. It does not support 3D CAD as of yet.
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![draftsight][11]
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Although DrafSight is a commercial software with a starting price of $149. A free version is also made available on the[DraftSight website][12]. You can download the .deb package and install it on Ubuntu based distributions. need to register your free copy using your email ID to start using DraftSight.
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[DraftSight][12]
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#### Honorary mentions
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* With a huge growth in cloud computing technologies, cloud CAD solutions like [OnShape][13] have been getting popular day by day.
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* [SolveSpace][14] is another open-source project worth mentioning. It supports 3D modeling.
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* Siemens NX is an industrial grade CAD solution available on Windows, Mac OS and Linux, but it is ridiculously expensive, so omitted in this list.
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* Then you have [LeoCAD][15], which is a CAD software where you use LEGO blocks to build stuff. What you do with this information is up to you.
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#### CAD on Linux, in my opinion
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Although gaming on Linux has picked up, I always tell my hardcore gaming friends to stick to Windows. Similarly, if You are an engineering student with CAD in your curriculum, I’d recommend that you use the software that your college prescribes (AutoCAD, SolidEdge, Catia), which generally tend to run on Windows only.
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And for the advanced professionals, these tools are simply not up to the mark when we’re talking about industry standards.
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For those of you thinking about running AutoCAD in WINE, although some older versions of AutoCAD can be installed on WINE, they simply do not perform, with glitches and crashes ruining the experience.
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That being said, I highly respect the work that has been put by the developers of the above-listed software. They have enriched the FOSS world. And it’s great to see software like FreeCAD developing with an accelerated pace in the recent years.
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Well, that’s it for today. Do share your thoughts with us using the comments section below and don’t forget to share this article. Cheers.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/cad-software-linux/
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作者：[Aquil Roshan][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://itsfoss.com/author/aquil/
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[1]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_design
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[2]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/cad-software-linux.jpeg
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[3]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/freecad.jpg
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[4]:https://www.freecadweb.org/
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[5]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/librecad.jpg
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[6]:https://librecad.org/
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[7]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/openscad.jpg
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[8]:http://www.openscad.org/
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[9]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/brlcad.jpg
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[10]:https://brlcad.org/
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[11]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/draftsight.jpg
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[12]:https://www.draftsight2018.com/
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[13]:https://www.onshape.com/
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[14]:http://solvespace.com/index.pl
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[15]:https://www.leocad.org/
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2018年前5名的 Linux 可用 CAD 软件
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======
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[计算机辅助设计 (CAD)][1] 是很多工程流的必不可少的部分。CAD 被专业地使用于建筑，汽车零部件设计，航天飞机研究，航空，桥梁施工，室内设计，甚至服装和珠宝设计。
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在 Linux 上，一些专业级 CAD 软件，像 SolidWorks 和 Autodesk AutoCAD ，不是本地支持的。因此，今天，我们将看看排名靠前的 Linux 可用的 CAD 软件。我们马上进去看看。
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### Linux 可用的最好的 CAD 软件
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![CAD Software for Linux][2]
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在我们看 Linux 的 CAD 软件列表前，你应该记住一件事，在这里不是所有的应用程序都是开源软件。我们包含一些非自由和开源软件的 CAD 软件来帮助平常的 Linux 用户。
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基于 Ubuntu 的 Linux 发行版已经提供安装操作指南。你可以检查各自的网站来学习其它发行版的安装程序步骤。
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列表没有任何特殊顺序。在第一顺位的 CAD 应用程序不能认为比在第三顺位的好，以此类推。
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#### 1\. FreeCAD
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对于 3D 建模，FreeCAD 是一个极好的选项，它是自由 (啤酒和演讲) 和开源软件。 FreeCAD 以构建坚持机械工程和产品设计为目标目的。FreeCAD 是多平台的，可用于 Windows，Mac OS X+ ，以及 Linux。
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![freecad][3]
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尽管 FreeCAD 已经是很多 Linux 用户的选择，应该注意到，FreeCAD 仍然是 0.17 版本，因此，不适用于重要的部署。但是最近开发加速了。
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[FreeCAD][4]
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FreeCAD 不专注于 2D 直接绘图和统一形状动画，但是它对机械工程相关的设计极好。FreeCAD 的 0.15 版本在 Ubuntu 存储库中可用。你可以通过运行下面的命令安装。
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```
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sudo apt install freecad
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```
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为获取新的每日构建(目前0.17)，打开一个终端(ctrl+alt+t)，并逐个运行下面的命令。
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```
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sudo add-apt-repository ppa:freecad-maintainers/freecad-daily
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sudo apt update
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sudo apt install freecad-daily
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```
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#### 2\. LibreCAD
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LibreCAD 是一个自由，开源，2D CAD 解决方案。一般来说，CAD 倾向于一个资源密集型任务，如果你有一个相当普通的硬件，那么我建议你使用 LibreCAD ，因为它在资源使用方面真的轻量化。LibreCAD 是几何图形结构方面的一个极好的候选者。
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![librecad][5]
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作为一个 2D 工具，LibreCAD 是好的，但是它不能在 3D 模型和渲染上工作。它有时可能不稳定，但是，它有一个可靠的自动保存，它不会让你的工作浪费。
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[LibreCAD][6]
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你可以通过运行下面的命令安装 LibreCAD
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```
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sudo apt install librecad
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```
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#### 3\. OpenSCAD
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OpenSCAD 是一个自由的 3D CAD 软件。OpenSCAD 非常轻量和灵活。OpenSCAD 不是交互式的。你需要‘编程’模型，OpenSCAD 解释这些代码来渲染一个可视化模型。在某种意义上说，它是一个编译器。你不能直接绘制模型，而是你描述模型。
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![openscad][7]
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OpenSCAD 是这个列表上最复杂的工具，但是，一旦你了解它，它将提供一个令人愉快的工作经历。
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[OpenSCAD][8]
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你可以使用下面的命令来安装 OpenSCAD。
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```
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sudo apt-get install openscad
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```
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#### 4\. BRL-CAD
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BRL-CAD 是最老的 CAD 工具之一。它也深受 Linux/UNIX 用户喜爱，因为它与模块化和自由的 *nix 哲学相一致。
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![BRL-CAD rendering by Sean][9]
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BRL-CAD 始于1979年，并且，它仍然在积极开发。现在，BRL-CAD 不是 AutoCAD ，但是对于像热穿透和弹道穿透等等的运输研究仍然是一个极好的选择。BRL-CAD 构成 CSG 的基础，而不是边界表示。在选择 BRL-CAD 是，你可能需要记住这一点。你可以从它的官方网站下载 BRL-CAD 。
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[BRL-CAD][10]
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#### 5\. DraftSight (非开源)
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如果你习惯在 AutoCAD 上作业。那么， DraftSight 将是完美的替代。
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DraftSight 是一个在 Linux 上可用的极好的 CAD 工具。 它有相当类似于 AutoCAD 的工作流，这使得迁移更容易。它甚至提供一种类似的外观和感觉。DrafSight 也兼容 AutoCAD 的 .dwg 文件格式。 但是，DrafSight 是一个 2D CAD 软件。截至当前，它不支持 3D CAD 。
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![draftsight][11]
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尽管 DrafSight 是一款起价149美元的商业软件。在 [DraftSight 网站][12]上可获得一个免费版本。你可以下载 .deb 软件包，并在基于 Ubuntu 的发行版上安装它。为了开始使用 DraftSight ，你需要使用你的电子邮件 ID 来注册你的免费版本 。
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[DraftSight][12]
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#### 荣誉提名
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* 随着云计算技术的巨大发展，像 [OnShape][13] 的云 CAD 解决方案已经变得日渐流行。
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* [SolveSpace][14] 是另一个值得一提的开源软件项目。它支持 3D 模型。
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* 西门子 NX 是一个在 Windows，Mac OS 及 Linux 上可用的工业级 CAD 解决方案，但是它贵得离谱，所以，在这个列表中被忽略。
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* 接下来，你有 [LeoCAD][15]，它是一个 CAD 软件，在软件中你使用乐高积木来构建东西。你使用这些信息做些什么取决于你。
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#### 在 Linux 上的 CAD ，以我的看法
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尽管在 Linux 上游戏变得流行，我总是告诉我的铁杆游戏朋友坚持使用 Windows 。 类似地，如果你是一名在你是课程中使用 CAD 的工科学生，我建议你使用学校规定的软件 (AutoCAD，SolidEdge，Catia)，这些软件通常只在 Windows 上运行。
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对于高级专业人士来说，当我们讨论行业标准时，这些工具根本达不到标准。
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对于想在 WINE 中运行 AutoCAD 的那些人来说，尽管一些较旧版本的 AutoCAD 可以安装在 WINE 上，它们根本不执行工作，小故障和崩溃严重损害这些体验。
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话虽如此，我高度尊重上述列表中软件的开发者的工作。他们丰富了 FOSS 世界。很高兴看到像 FreeCAD 一样的软件在近些年中加速开发速度。
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好了，今天到此为止。使用下面的评论区与我们分享你的想法，不用忘记分享这篇文章。谢谢。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/cad-software-linux/
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作者：[Aquil Roshan][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[robsean](https://github.com/robsean)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://itsfoss.com/author/aquil/
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[1]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_design
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[2]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/cad-software-linux.jpeg
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[3]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/freecad.jpg
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[4]:https://www.freecadweb.org/
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[5]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/librecad.jpg
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[6]:https://librecad.org/
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[7]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/openscad.jpg
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[8]:http://www.openscad.org/
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[9]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/brlcad.jpg
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[10]:https://brlcad.org/
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[11]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/draftsight.jpg
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[12]:https://www.draftsight2018.com/
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[13]:https://www.onshape.com/
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[14]:http://solvespace.com/index.pl
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[15]:https://www.leocad.org/
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