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A Step By Step Guide To Installing Xubuntu Linux
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================================================================
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### Introduction To Installing Xubuntu Linux ###
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This guide shows how to install Xubuntu Linux using step by step instructions.
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Why would you want to install Xubuntu? Here are three reasons:
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1. You have a computer running Windows XP that is out of support
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2. You have [a computer that is running really slowly][1] and you want a lightweight but modern operating system
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3. You want to be able to customise your computing experience
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The first thing you need to do is download Xubuntu and create a bootable USB drive.
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After you have done this boot into a live version of Xubuntu and click on the install Xubuntu icon.
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### Choose Your Installation Language ###
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The first step is to choose your language.
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Click on the language in the left pane and then click "Continue"
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### Choose Wireless Connection ###
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The second step requires you to choose your internet connection. This is not a required step and there are reasons why you might choose not to set up your internet connection at this stage.
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If you have a [poor internet connection][3] it is a good idea not to choose a wireless network because the installer will attempt to download updates as part of the installation. Your installation will therefore take a long time to complete.
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If you have a really [good internet connection][4] choose your wireless network and enter the security key.
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### Be Prepared ###
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You will now see a checklist which shows how well prepared you are for installing Xubuntu:
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- Do you have at least 6.2 gigabytes of disk space
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- Are you connected to the internet
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- Are you connected to a power source
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The only one that is a necessity is the disk space.
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As mentioned in the previous step you can install Xubuntu without being connected to the internet. You can install updates once the installation is complete.
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You only need to be connected to a power source if you are likely to run out of battery power during the installation.
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Note that if you are connected to the internet there is a checkbox to turn off the option to download updates while installing.
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There is also a checkbox that lets you install third party software to enable you to [play MP3s][5] and watch [Flash videos][6]. This is a step that can be completed post installation as well.
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### Choose Your Installation Type ###
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The next step is to choose the installation type. The options available will depend on what is already installed on the computer.
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In my case I was installing Xubuntu on a netbook over the top of [Ubuntu MATE][7] and so I had options to reinstall Ubuntu, erase and reinstall, install Xubuntu alongside Ubuntu or something else.
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If you have Windows on your computer you will have options to install alongside, replace Windows with Xubuntu or something else.
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This guide shows how to install Xubuntu on a computer and not how to dual boot. That is a completely different guide altogether.
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Choose the option to replace your operating system with Xubuntu and click "Continue"
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Note: This will cause your disk to be wiped and you should backup all of your data before continuing
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### Choose The Disk To Install To ###
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Select the drive you wish to install Xubuntu to.
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Click "Install Now".
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A warning will appear telling you that the drive will be wiped and you will be shown a list of partitions that will be created.
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Note: This is the very last chance to change your mind. If you click continue the disk will be wiped and Xubuntu will be installed
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Click "Continue" to install Xubuntu
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### Choose Your Location ###
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You are now required to choose your location by clicking on the map. This sets your timezone so that your clock is set to the right time.
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After you have selected the correct location click "Continue".
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### Choose Your Keyboard Layout ###
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Choose your keyboard layout.
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To do this select the language of your keyboard in the left hand pane and then choose the exact layout in the right pane such as dialect, number of keys etc.
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You can click the "Detect Keyboard Layout" button to automatically select the best keyboard layout.
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To make sure the keyboard layout is set correctly enter text into the "Type here to test your keyboard". Pay close attention to function keys and symbols such as pound and dollar symbols.
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Don't worry if you don't get this right during installation. You can set the keyboard layout again within Xubuntu's system settings post installation.
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### Add A User ###
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n order to use Xubuntu you will need to have at least one user set up and so the installer requires you to create a default user.
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Enter your name and a name to distinguish the computer into the first two boxes.
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Choose a username and [set up a password][8] for the user. You will need to type the password in twice to make sure you have set the password correctly.
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If you want Xubuntu to automatically login without having to enter a password check the box marked "Log in automatically". Personally I would never recommend doing this though.
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The better option is to check the "Require my password to log in" radio button and if you want to be completely secure check the "Encrypt my home folder" option.
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Click "Continue" to move on.
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### Wait For Installation To Complete ###
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The files will now be copied to your computer and Xubuntu will be installed.
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During this process you will see a short slide show. You can go and [make some coffee][9] at this point and relax.
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A message will appear stating that you can continue to try Xubuntu or reboot to start using the newly installed Xubuntu.
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When you are ready, reboot and remove the USB drive.
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Note: To install Xubuntu on a UEFI based machine requires some extra steps not included here. These instructions will be added as a separate guide
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via : http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/A-Step-By-Step-Guide-To-Installing-Xubuntu-Linux.htm#step-heading
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作者：[Gary Newell][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://linux.about.com/bio/Gary-Newell-132058.htm
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[1]:http://windows.about.com/od/maintainandfix/a/8ways2speedup.htm
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[2]:http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/How-To-Create-A-Persistent-Bootable-Xubuntu-Linux-USB-Drive.htm
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[3]:http://netforbeginners.about.com/od/basicinternethardware/f/Why-Internet-Connections-Can-Be-Slow.htm
|
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[4]:http://netforbeginners.about.com/b/2011/09/07/test-your-internet-connection-speed-here.htm
|
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[5]:http://mp3.about.com/od/freebies/tp/freemusictp.htm
|
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[6]:http://animation.about.com/od/2danimationtutorials/ss/2d_fla_lesson1.htm
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[7]:http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2014/11/ubuntu-mate-vs-lubuntu-on-old-netbook.html
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[8]:http://netsecurity.about.com/cs/generalsecurity/a/aa112103b.htm
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[9]:http://coffeetea.about.com/od/preparationandrecipes/
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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
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3 Ways To Create A Lightweight And Persistent Xubuntu Linux USB Drive
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================================================================================
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via : http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/How-To-Create-A-Persistent-Bootable-Xubuntu-Linux-USB-Drive.htm
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作者：[Gary Newell][a]
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译者：[zhouj-sh](https://github.com/Zhouj-sh)
|
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
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手把手教你安装Xubuntu Linux
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==============================================
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### 简介 ###
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这个教程会一步一步的教你如何安装Xubuntu Linux。
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为什么你会想要安装Xubuntu呢？这里有三个原因：
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1. 你有一台安装Windows XP的计算机，但是微软已经不再对Windows XP提供支持
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2. 你的[电脑运行很慢][1]，并且你想要一个轻量级并且跟得上时代潮流的操作系统
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3. 你想要增加一些DIY经验
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首先，你需要[下载Xubuntu，并且创建一个启动优盘][2]。
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完成以后，用优盘启动到Xubuntu，然后点击安装Xubuntu图标。
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### 选择你的安装语言 ###
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第一步，选择你的安装语言。
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在左边的列表中选择语言，然后单击“Continue”。
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### 选择无线网络链接 ###
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第二步，需要你来选择你的网络链接。这个步骤不是必须的。
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如果你[网络状况十分糟糕][3]，直接跳过是一个明智的选择，因为安装程序会在安装过程中从网络上下载一些更新包。那么可想而知，你的安装过程就会花费很长的时间。
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当然，如果你的[网速很快][4]，选择一个无线网，然后输入密码就行了。
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### 准备安装 ###
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这时候，你将会看到一个列表，显示安装Xubuntu的一些准备条件：
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- 是否拥有至少6.2G的磁盘空间
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- 是否链接到互联网
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- 是否连接了电源
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只有磁盘空间是必要条件。
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在上一个步骤中提到过，你可以在安装Xubuntu的过程中不安装更新包。在系统安装完成以后再安装更新包也是可以的。
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安装过程中，如果电池电量耗完的话，你才必须要链接到到电源。
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这里还有一个复选框，提示你是否安装用于[播放MP3][5]或者[Flash视频][6]的第三方软件，当然，这些内容也可以在安装完成以后进行。
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### 选择安装类型 ###
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接下来的步骤是选择安装类型。显示那些选项，取决于之前电脑上安装了什么系统。
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在我的示例中，我已经安装了[Ubuntu MATE][7]，所以，我的选项是重装Ubuntu、删除并且重装、Xubuntu和Ubuntu双系统、以及其他。
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如果你的计算机上安装了Windows，那么你得到的选项就是，安装双系统、使用Xubuntu替换Windows以及其他。
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这个教程只是用来说明如何在计算机上安装Xubuntu，而不是怎么安装双系统，那将是一个完全不同的教程。
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选择使用Xubuntu替换当前系统，然后点击“Continue”。
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> 备注：这会导致你的磁盘被完全清除，在继续安装之前，你应该备份你的数据。
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|
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### 选择安装磁盘 ###
|
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|
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|
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|
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选择你要在那个磁盘上安装的Xubuntu。
|
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|
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点击“Install Now”。
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这时候会弹出一个警告窗口，会提示你，选择的磁盘驱动器会被完全清除，然后会显示一个新创建的分区列表。
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|
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> 备注：这是你改变主意的最后一个机会，如果你点击继续，磁盘就会被完全清除，然后开始安装Xubuntu。
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|
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点击“Continue”来安装Xubuntu。
|
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|
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### 选择地区 ###
|
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|
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|
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|
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这个步骤中，你需要通过点击底图来选择你的地区。系统根据你的选择来设置时区，这样，你的时钟就可以显示正确的时间了。
|
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|
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选择以后点击“Continue”。
|
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|
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### 选择键盘布局 ###
|
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|
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|
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|
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选择你的键盘布局。
|
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|
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在左边的列表中选择键盘语言，然后在右边的列表显示确切的键盘布局。
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|
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你也可以点击“Detect Keyboard Layout”让系统选择最适合的键盘布局。
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|
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如果你需要确认键盘布局是否正确，可以在“Type here to test your keyboard”输入字符。你需要特别注意fn键和一些符号，例如英镑和美元符号。
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如果在安装过程中没有设对也没关系，安装完成以后在Xubuntu系统设置中也可以进行调整。
|
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|
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### 新增用户 ###
|
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|
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|
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|
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为了使用Xubuntu，你至少需要设置一个用户，因此安装程序需要你设置一个默认用户。
|
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|
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在前两个输入框里面，输入你的名字以及用来识别你的计算机的名字。
|
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|
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为用户选择一个用户名并且[创建一个密码][8]。为了保证你的密码输入正确，你需要输入两遍。
|
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|
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如果你想要系统自动登入，而不是在每次启动的时候输入密码，选择“Log in automatically”。尽管对于我来说，我肯定不会选择这个选项。
|
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|
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更好的选项是“Require my password to log in”，并且如果你想要更高的安全等级，勾选“Encrypt my home fodler”选项。
|
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|
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点击“Continue”然后继续。
|
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|
||||
### 等待安装完成 ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
这个步骤中，将会会拷贝文件到你的电脑，并且安装Xubuntu。
|
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|
||||
在这个过程中，你会看到一个简短的幻灯片。在这个时候你可以去[泡一杯咖啡][9]或者放松一下什么的。
|
||||
|
||||
安装完成以后，会弹出提示告诉你是否重新启动，并且开始体验一下新安装的Xubuntu系统。
|
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|
||||
准备好了么？拔掉启动盘重新启动吧。
|
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|
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> 备注：在UEFI机器上面安装Xubuntu的话，需要一些额外的步骤，在这个教程里面没有提到。关于这方面的内容，且听下回分解。
|
||||
|
||||
via : http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/A-Step-By-Step-Guide-To-Installing-Xubuntu-Linux.htm#step-heading
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Gary Newell][a]
|
||||
译者：[zhouj-sh](https://github.com/zhouj-sh)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linux.about.com/bio/Gary-Newell-132058.htm
|
||||
[1]:http://windows.about.com/od/maintainandfix/a/8ways2speedup.htm
|
||||
[2]:http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/How-To-Create-A-Persistent-Bootable-Xubuntu-Linux-USB-Drive.htm
|
||||
[3]:http://netforbeginners.about.com/od/basicinternethardware/f/Why-Internet-Connections-Can-Be-Slow.htm
|
||||
[4]:http://netforbeginners.about.com/b/2011/09/07/test-your-internet-connection-speed-here.htm
|
||||
[5]:http://mp3.about.com/od/freebies/tp/freemusictp.htm
|
||||
[6]:http://animation.about.com/od/2danimationtutorials/ss/2d_fla_lesson1.htm
|
||||
[7]:http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2014/11/ubuntu-mate-vs-lubuntu-on-old-netbook.html
|
||||
[8]:http://netsecurity.about.com/cs/generalsecurity/a/aa112103b.htm
|
||||
[9]:http://coffeetea.about.com/od/preparationandrecipes/
|
||||
160
translated/share/20150119 Ubuntu With XFCE vs Xubuntu Linux.md
Normal file
160
translated/share/20150119 Ubuntu With XFCE vs Xubuntu Linux.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
|
||||
Ubuntu With XFCE vs Xubuntu Linux
|
||||
=========================================================
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu vs Xubuntu。Ubuntu拥有漂亮的桌面体验以及强大的应用程序。Xubuntu轻量、快速并且可定制，哪个更适合你？
|
||||
---------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
首先，这篇文章不是用来说明Ubuntu比Xubuntu更好或者Xubuntu比Ubuntu更好之类的东西。
|
||||
|
||||
并且，我同时也会在这篇文章中介绍Ubuntu用户如何获取基本的XFCE桌面，以及如何安装完整的Xubuntu桌面。
|
||||
|
||||
[Ubuntu][1]以及[Xubuntu][2]是针对不同目的开发的操作系统，为什么我会强调这一点，是为了说明什么时候或者为什么你应该使用Ubuntu以及什么时候应该使用Xubuntu。
|
||||
|
||||
比较这两个操作系统就像比较[劳斯莱斯][3]与[保时捷][4]。这两个都是很棒的车，但是如果把劳斯莱斯给一个车迷，他们也许会卖掉它买个其他的车，同样，如果把保时捷给舒格勋爵或者休·海夫纳这类人可能也不那么合适。
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu拥有一个适用性很强的桌面环境，叫做Unity，并且默认会安装一些很棒的Linux应用程序，包括Rhythmbox以及[LibreOffic][5]。Ubuntu就像是劳斯莱斯。它为舒适而生，并且尽可能的提供从A到B的最时髦的方法。
|
||||
|
||||
作为一个Ubuntu用户，就像汽车里面的乘客。你在到达目的地的过程中就可以同时把事情搞定，并且所有的事看起来都很漂亮并且很简单。
|
||||
|
||||
另一方面，Xubuntu采用了轻量的[XFCE桌面环境][6]。内置的应用自然也是轻量级的，使用它们也可以完成工作，但是不像Ubuntu自带的应用那么完整。
|
||||
|
||||
XFCE桌面环境可以高度定制化，你可以把你的桌面搞成任何你想要的形式。
|
||||
|
||||
Xubuntu就像一个改装过的跑车。你可以把它改装成任何你想要的样子。但不是做为一名乘客，而更像是驾驶员开着它快速漂移过弯，或者小心翼翼的通过狭小的弯角。
|
||||
|
||||
如果你不关心如何美化或者定制桌面，并且你发现Ubuntu用起来很顺手，那么你没必要切换到Xubuntu。
|
||||
|
||||
但是，如果你发现Unity没办法满足你的要求，并且感觉你的计算机在运行Ubuntu时或多或少有一些性能压力，那么当然就可以考虑考虑Xubuntu。
|
||||
|
||||
上周我发了一篇文章介绍怎么创建Xubuntu启动优盘（译者注：翻译ing），并且也写了一篇[安装Xubuntu的教程][b]（译者注：已经完成翻译，链接为github地址）。
|
||||
|
||||
不过，如果你已经安装了Ubuntu，就不用这么费事照着教程再来一遍了。你只需要继续读完这篇文章，就可以在Ubuntu里面安装一个更合适的解决方案。
|
||||
|
||||
那么如果你已经装了Ubuntu，如何切换到Xubuntu呢？
|
||||
|
||||
你需要做一个选择题。问题是，你是仅仅需要一个更轻量的、可定制化的XFCE桌面，还是同时也需要那些Xubuntu内置的轻量级应用。
|
||||
|
||||
先来看看这些应用吧。下面有一个列表，列出了Ubuntu和Xubuntu内置的应用程序。如果你只需要几个Xubuntu应用程序，那么我建议你只安装XFCE然后单独安装这些应用。如果你需要一半以上的应用，那就安装整个Xubuntu桌面环境吧。
|
||||
|
||||
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-condensed">
|
||||
<caption>
|
||||
<strong>Ubuntu与Xubuntu内置应用对比</strong>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td><strong>应用类型</strong></td>
|
||||
<td><strong>Ubuntu</strong></td>
|
||||
<td><strong>Xubuntu</strong></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>音频</td>
|
||||
<td>Rhythmbox</td>
|
||||
<td>gmusicbrowser</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>视频</td>
|
||||
<td>Totem</td>
|
||||
<td>Parole</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>照片管理</td>
|
||||
<td>Shotwell</td>
|
||||
<td>Ristretto</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>办公</td>
|
||||
<td>LibreOffice</td>
|
||||
<td>Abiword/Gnumeric</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>浏览器</td>
|
||||
<td>FireFox</td>
|
||||
<td>FireFox</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>Email</td>
|
||||
<td> </td>
|
||||
<td>Thunderbird</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>即时通讯</td>
|
||||
<td>Empathy</td>
|
||||
<td>Pidgin</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
### 如何在Ubuntu安装XFCE桌面环境 ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
接下来，我会使用命令行工具[apt-get][7]介绍在Ubuntu安装XFCE桌面的方法。
|
||||
|
||||
打开一个终端窗口，在Unity环境，你可以在[Dash][8]中搜索“TERM”，或者使用组合键 CTRL+ALT+T。
|
||||
|
||||
安装XFCE桌面十分简单，输入下列命令就可以了：
|
||||
|
||||
>sudo apt-get update
|
||||
>sudo apt-get install xfce4
|
||||
|
||||
点击右上角设置图标然后登出，来切换到[XFCE桌面环境][9]。
|
||||
|
||||
切换到登入界面以后，点击在你用户名旁边的小Ubuntu图标，就会出现Unity桌面和XFCE桌面的选项。切换到XFCE然后正常登录。
|
||||
|
||||
系统会显示一个消息，提示你是否使用默认的面板布局或者使用单独的面板。
|
||||
|
||||
[最新版本的Xubuntu][10]在顶部包含一个单独的面板，不过我更喜欢两个面板，顶部一个标准面板，底部一个常用程序的停靠面板。
|
||||
|
||||
需要注意的是，XFCE桌面菜单系统和Xubuntu的菜单有些差异，除非你安装[一个更好的菜单系统][11]，设置两个面板或许是个更好的选择。
|
||||
|
||||
这取决与选择的是哪个选项，不过没关系，如果后面你改变了主意，也可以很容易重新设置。XFCE可以进行深度的自定义。
|
||||
|
||||
### 不重新安装的情况下，如何从Ubuntu切换到Xubuntu ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想全都使用Xubuntu的东西，但是又不想按照那些介绍重新安装系统的话，看看下面的东西。
|
||||
|
||||
通过搜索“TERM”，或者组合键CTRL+ALT+T，打开一个终端窗口。
|
||||
|
||||
在终端输入如下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
>sudo apt-get update
|
||||
>sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
|
||||
|
||||
花费的时间会比安装XFCE桌面长一些，但是要比重新安装Xubuntu系统要快。
|
||||
|
||||
安装完成以后，点击右上角图标，然后登出。
|
||||
|
||||
在登录界面，点击Ubuntu图标。会出现Unity和Xubuntu选项。点击Xubuntu，然后正常登入。
|
||||
|
||||
Xubuntu桌面就会显示出来啦。
|
||||
|
||||
这里会有一些差异。菜单仍然是XFCE菜单，而不是Xubuntu菜单。某些图标也不会出现在顶部面板中。但是这些问题都不足以让我们花时间卸载Ubuntu然后重装Xubuntu。
|
||||
|
||||
下一篇文章中，我会介绍如何自定义Xubuntu以及XFCE桌面。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
via : http://linux.about.com/od/dist/fl/Ubuntu-With-XFCE-vs-Xubuntu-Linux.htm
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Gary Newell][a]
|
||||
译者：[zhouj-sh](https://github.com/Zhouj-sh)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linux.about.com/bio/Gary-Newell-132058.htm
|
||||
[b]:https://github.com/ZhouJ-sh/TranslateProject/blob/0c4ad0bc8e79e28c1f7f8ccf805708829baa8ea9/translated/share/20150116%20A%20Step%20By%20Step%20Guide%20To%20Installing%20Xubuntu%20Linux.md
|
||||
[1]:http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2014/11/an-everyday-linux-user-review-of-ubuntu.html
|
||||
[2]:http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2015/01/an-everyday-linux-user-review-of.html
|
||||
[3]:http://exoticcars.about.com/od/overviewsofmaker1/p/RollsHistory.htm
|
||||
[4]:http://exoticcars.about.com/od/overviewsofmaker1/p/PorscheHistory.htm
|
||||
[5]:http://office.about.com/od/FreeOpenSourceOfficeSoftware/a/All-About-Libreoffice-4-0.htm
|
||||
[6]:http://linux.about.com/cs/linux101/g/xfce.htm
|
||||
[7]:http://linux.about.com/od/ubusrv_doc/a/ubusg11t01.htm
|
||||
[8]:http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/fl/Learn-Ubuntu-The-Unity-Dash.htm
|
||||
[9]:http://linux.about.com/cs/linux101/g/xfce.htm
|
||||
[10]:http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2015/01/an-everyday-linux-user-review-of.html
|
||||
[11]:http://xubuntugeek.blogspot.co.uk/2013/12/how-to-install-whisker-menu-in-xubuntu.html
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user