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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (qfzy1233)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Top 5 Linux Distributions for Productivity)
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[#]: via: (https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2019/1/top-5-linux-distributions-productivity)
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[#]: author: (Jack Wallen https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen)
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Top 5 Linux Distributions for Productivity
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
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|
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|
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I have to confess, this particular topic is a tough one to address. Why? First off, Linux is a productive operating system by design. Thanks to an incredibly reliable and stable platform, getting work done is easy. Second, to gauge effectiveness, you have to consider what type of work you need a productivity boost for. General office work? Development? School? Data mining? Human resources? You see how this question can get somewhat complicated.
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|
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That doesn’t mean, however, that some distributions aren’t able to do a better job of configuring and presenting that underlying operating system into an efficient platform for getting work done. Quite the contrary. Some distributions do a much better job of “getting out of the way,” so you don’t find yourself in a work-related hole, having to dig yourself out and catch up before the end of day. These distributions help strip away the complexity that can be found in Linux, thereby making your workflow painless.
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|
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Let’s take a look at the distros I consider to be your best bet for productivity. To help make sense of this, I’ve divided them into categories of productivity. That task itself was challenging, because everyone’s productivity varies. For the purposes of this list, however, I’ll look at:
|
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|
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* General Productivity: For those who just need to work efficiently on multiple tasks.
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* Graphic Design: For those that work with the creation and manipulation of graphic images.
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* Development: For those who use their Linux desktops for programming.
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* Administration: For those who need a distribution to facilitate their system administration tasks.
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* Education: For those who need a desktop distribution to make them more productive in an educational environment.
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Yes, there are more categories to be had, many of which can get very niche-y, but these five should fill most of your needs.
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### General Productivity
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For general productivity, you won’t get much more efficient than [Ubuntu][1]. The primary reason for choosing Ubuntu for this category is the seamless integration of apps, services, and desktop. You might be wondering why I didn’t choose Linux Mint for this category? Because Ubuntu now defaults to the GNOME desktop, it gains the added advantage of GNOME Extensions (Figure 1).
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![GNOME Clipboard][3]
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|
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Figure 1: The GNOME Clipboard Indicator extension in action.
|
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|
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[Used with permission][4]
|
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|
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These extensions go a very long way to aid in boosting productivity (so Ubuntu gets the nod over Mint). But Ubuntu didn’t just accept a vanilla GNOME desktop. Instead, they tweaked it to make it slightly more efficient and user-friendly, out of the box. And because Ubuntu contains just the right mixture of default, out-of-the-box, apps (that just work), it makes for a nearly perfect platform for productivity.
|
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|
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Whether you need to write a paper, work on a spreadsheet, code a new app, work on your company website, create marketing images, administer a server or network, or manage human resources from within your company HR tool, Ubuntu has you covered. The Ubuntu desktop distribution also doesn’t require the user to jump through many hoops to get things working … it simply works (and quite well). Finally, thanks to it’s Debian base, Ubuntu makes installing third-party apps incredibly easy.
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Although Ubuntu tends to be the go-to for nearly every list of “top distributions for X,” it’s very hard to argue against this particular distribution topping the list of general productivity distributions.
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### Graphic Design
|
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|
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If you’re looking to up your graphic design productivity, you can’t go wrong with [Fedora Design Suite][5]. This Fedora respin was created by the team responsible for all Fedora-related art work. Although the default selection of apps isn’t a massive collection of tools, those it does include are geared specifically for the creation and manipulation of images.
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|
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With apps like GIMP, Inkscape, Darktable, Krita, Entangle, Blender, Pitivi, Scribus, and more (Figure 2), you’ll find everything you need to get your image editing jobs done and done well. But Fedora Design Suite doesn’t end there. This desktop platform also includes a bevy of tutorials that cover countless subjects for many of the installed applications. For anyone trying to be as productive as possible, this is some seriously handy information to have at the ready. I will say, however, the tutorial entry in the GNOME Favorites is nothing more than a link to [this page][6].
|
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|
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![Fedora Design Suite Favorites][8]
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|
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Figure 2: The Fedora Design Suite Favorites menu includes plenty of tools for getting your graphic design on.
|
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|
||||
[Used with permission][4]
|
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|
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Those that work with a digital camera will certainly appreciate the inclusion of the Entangle app, which allows you to control your DSLR from the desktop.
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|
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### Development
|
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|
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Nearly all Linux distributions are great platforms for programmers. However, one particular distributions stands out, above the rest, as one of the most productive tools you’ll find for the task. That OS comes from [System76][9] and it’s called [Pop!_OS][10]. Pop!_OS is tailored specifically for creators, but not of the artistic type. Instead, Pop!_OS is geared toward creators who specialize in developing, programming, and making. If you need an environment that is not only perfected suited for your development work, but includes a desktop that’s sure to get out of your way, you won’t find a better option than Pop!_OS (Figure 3).
|
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|
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What might surprise you (given how “young” this operating system is), is that Pop!_OS is also one of the single most stable GNOME-based platforms you’ll ever use. This means Pop!_OS isn’t just for creators and makers, but anyone looking for a solid operating system. One thing that many users will greatly appreciate with Pop!_OS, is that you can download an ISO specifically for your video hardware. If you have Intel hardware, [download][10] the version for Intel/AMD. If your graphics card is NVIDIA, download that specific release. Either way, you are sure go get a solid platform for which to create your masterpiece.
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![Pop!_OS][12]
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|
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Figure 3: The Pop!_OS take on GNOME Overview.
|
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|
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[Used with permission][4]
|
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|
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Interestingly enough, with Pop!_OS, you won’t find much in the way of pre-installed development tools. You won’t find an included IDE, or many other dev tools. You can, however, find all the development tools you need in the Pop Shop.
|
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|
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### Administration
|
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|
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If you’re looking to find one of the most productive distributions for admin tasks, look no further than [Debian][13]. Why? Because Debian is not only incredibly reliable, it’s one of those distributions that gets out of your way better than most others. Debian is the perfect combination of ease of use and unlimited possibility. On top of which, because this is the distribution for which so many others are based, you can bet if there’s an admin tool you need for a task, it’s available for Debian. Of course, we’re talking about general admin tasks, which means most of the time you’ll be using a terminal window to SSH into your servers (Figure 4) or a browser to work with web-based GUI tools on your network. Why bother making use of a desktop that’s going to add layers of complexity (such as SELinux in Fedora, or YaST in openSUSE)? Instead, chose simplicity.
|
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|
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![Debian][15]
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|
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Figure 4: SSH’ing into a remote server on Debian.
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|
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[Used with permission][4]
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And because you can select which desktop you want (from GNOME, Xfce, KDE, Cinnamon, MATE, LXDE), you can be sure to have the interface that best matches your work habits.
|
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|
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### Education
|
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|
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If you are a teacher or student, or otherwise involved in education, you need the right tools to be productive. Once upon a time, there existed the likes of Edubuntu. That distribution never failed to be listed in the top of education-related lists. However, that distro hasn’t been updated since it was based on Ubuntu 14.04. Fortunately, there’s a new education-based distribution ready to take that title, based on openSUSE. This spin is called [openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e][16] (Linux For Education - Figure 5), and is based on openSUSE Leap 42.1 (so it is slightly out of date).
|
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|
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openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e includes tools like:
|
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|
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* Brain Workshop - A dual n-back brain exercise
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|
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* GCompris - An educational software suite for young children
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* gElemental - A periodic table viewer
|
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|
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* iGNUit - A general purpose flash card program
|
||||
|
||||
* Little Wizard - Development environment for children based on Pascal
|
||||
|
||||
* Stellarium - An astronomical sky simulator
|
||||
|
||||
* TuxMath - An math tutor game
|
||||
|
||||
* TuxPaint - A drawing program for young children
|
||||
|
||||
* TuxType - An educational typing tutor for children
|
||||
|
||||
* wxMaxima - A cross platform GUI for the computer algebra system
|
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|
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* Inkscape - Vector graphics program
|
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|
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* GIMP - Graphic image manipulation program
|
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|
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* Pencil - GUI prototyping tool
|
||||
|
||||
* Hugin - Panorama photo stitching and HDR merging program
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
![Education][18]
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|
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Figure 5: The openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e distro has plenty of tools to help you be productive in or for school.
|
||||
|
||||
[Used with permission][4]
|
||||
|
||||
Also included with openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e is the [KIWI-LTSP Server][19]. The KIWI-LTSP Server is a flexible, cost effective solution aimed at empowering schools, businesses, and organizations all over the world to easily install and deploy desktop workstations. Although this might not directly aid the student to be more productive, it certainly enables educational institutions be more productive in deploying desktops for students to use. For more information on setting up KIWI-LTSP, check out the openSUSE [KIWI-LTSP quick start guide][20].
|
||||
|
||||
Learn more about Linux through the free ["Introduction to Linux" ][21]course from The Linux Foundation and edX.
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|
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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|
||||
via: https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2019/1/top-5-linux-distributions-productivity
|
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|
||||
作者：[Jack Wallen][a]
|
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
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|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
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|
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[a]: https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.ubuntu.com/
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[2]: /files/images/productivity1jpg
|
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[3]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/productivity_1.jpg?itok=yxez3X1w (GNOME Clipboard)
|
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[4]: /licenses/category/used-permission
|
||||
[5]: https://labs.fedoraproject.org/en/design-suite/
|
||||
[6]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Design_Suite/Tutorials
|
||||
[7]: /files/images/productivity2jpg
|
||||
[8]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/productivity_2.jpg?itok=ke0b8qyH (Fedora Design Suite Favorites)
|
||||
[9]: https://system76.com/
|
||||
[10]: https://system76.com/pop
|
||||
[11]: /files/images/productivity3jpg-0
|
||||
[12]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/productivity_3_0.jpg?itok=8UkCUfsD (Pop!_OS)
|
||||
[13]: https://www.debian.org/
|
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[14]: /files/images/productivity4jpg
|
||||
[15]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/productivity_4.jpg?itok=c9yD3Xw2 (Debian)
|
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[16]: https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e
|
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[17]: /files/images/productivity5jpg
|
||||
[18]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/productivity_5.jpg?itok=oAFtV8nT (Education)
|
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[19]: https://en.opensuse.org/Portal:KIWI-LTSP
|
||||
[20]: https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:KIWI-LTSP_quick_start
|
||||
[21]: https://training.linuxfoundation.org/linux-courses/system-administration-training/introduction-to-linux
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@ -1,187 +0,0 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://fosspost.org/tutorials/custom-system-tray-icon-indicator-linux)
|
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[#]: author: (M.Hanny Sabbagh https://fosspost.org/author/mhsabbagh)
|
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|
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Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
System Tray icons are still considered to be an amazing functionality today. By just right-clicking on the icon, and then selecting which actions you would like to take, you may ease your life a lot and save many unnecessary clicks on daily basis.
|
||||
|
||||
When talking about useful system tray icons, examples like Skype, Dropbox and VLC do come to mind:
|
||||
|
||||
![Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 11][1]
|
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|
||||
However, system tray icons can actually be quite a lot more useful; By simply building one yourself for your own needs. In this tutorial, we’ll explain how to do that for you in very simple steps.
|
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|
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### Prerequisites
|
||||
|
||||
We are going to build a custom system tray indicator using Python. Python is probably installed by default on all the major Linux distributions, so just check it’s there (version 2.7). Additionally, we’ll need the gir1.2-appindicator3 package installed. It’s the library allowing us to easily create system tray indicators.
|
||||
|
||||
To install it on Ubuntu/Mint/Debian:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-get install gir1.2-appindicator3
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
On Fedora:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install libappindicator-gtk3
|
||||
```
|
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|
||||
For other distributions, just search for any packages containing appindicator.
|
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|
||||
On GNOME Shell, system tray icons are removed starting from 3.26. You’ll need to install the [following extension][2] (Or possibly other extensions) to re-enable the feature on your desktop. Otherwise, you won’t be able to see the indicator we are going to create here.
|
||||
|
||||
### Basic Code
|
||||
|
||||
Here’s the basic code of the indicator:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
#!/usr/bin/python
|
||||
import os
|
||||
from gi.repository import Gtk as gtk, AppIndicator3 as appindicator
|
||||
|
||||
def main():
|
||||
indicator = appindicator.Indicator.new("customtray", "semi-starred-symbolic", appindicator.IndicatorCategory.APPLICATION_STATUS)
|
||||
indicator.set_status(appindicator.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)
|
||||
indicator.set_menu(menu())
|
||||
gtk.main()
|
||||
|
||||
def menu():
|
||||
menu = gtk.Menu()
|
||||
|
||||
command_one = gtk.MenuItem('My Notes')
|
||||
command_one.connect('activate', note)
|
||||
menu.append(command_one)
|
||||
|
||||
exittray = gtk.MenuItem('Exit Tray')
|
||||
exittray.connect('activate', quit)
|
||||
menu.append(exittray)
|
||||
|
||||
menu.show_all()
|
||||
return menu
|
||||
|
||||
def note(_):
|
||||
os.system("gedit $HOME/Documents/notes.txt")
|
||||
|
||||
def quit(_):
|
||||
gtk.main_quit()
|
||||
|
||||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||||
main()
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
We’ll explain how the code works later. But for know, just save it in a text file under the name tray.py, and run it using Python:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
python tray.py
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You’ll see the indicator working as follows:
|
||||
|
||||
![Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 13][3]
|
||||
|
||||
Now, to explain how we did the magic:
|
||||
|
||||
* The first 3 lines of the code are nothing more than just specifying the Python path and importing the libraries we are going to use in our indicator.
|
||||
|
||||
* def main() : This is the main function of the indicator. Under it we write the code to initialize and build the indicator.
|
||||
|
||||
* indicator = appindicator.Indicator.new(“customtray”, “semi-starred-symbolic”, appindicator.IndicatorCategory.APPLICATION_STATUS) : Here we are specially creating a new indicator and calling it `customtray` . This is the special name of the indicator so that the system doesn’t mix it with other indicators that may be running. Also, we used the `semi-starred-symbolic` icon name as the default icon for our indicator. You could possibly change thing to any other things; Say `firefox` (if you want to see Firefox icon being used for the indicator), or any other icon name you would like. The last part regarding the `APPLICATION_STATUS` is just ordinary code for the categorization/scope of that indicator.
|
||||
|
||||
* `indicator.set_status(appindicator.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)` : This line just turns the indicator on.
|
||||
|
||||
* `indicator.set_menu(menu())` : Here, we are saying that we want to use the `menu()` function (which we’ll define later) for creating the menu items of our indicator. This is important so that when you click on the indicator, you can see a list of possible actions to take.
|
||||
|
||||
* `gtk.main()` : Just run the main GTK loop.
|
||||
|
||||
* Under `menu()` you’ll see that we are creating the actions/items we want to provide using our indicator. `command_one = gtk.MenuItem(‘My Notes’)` simply initializes the first menu item with the text “My notes”, and then `command_one.connect(‘activate’, note)` connects the `activate` signal of that menu item to the `note()` function defined later; In other words, we are telling our system here: “When this menu item is clicked, run the note() function”. Finally, `menu.append(command_one)` adds that menu item to the list.
|
||||
|
||||
* The lines regarding `exittray` are just for creating an exit menu item to close the indicator any time you want.
|
||||
|
||||
* `menu.show_all()` and `return menu` are just ordinary codes for returning the menu list to the indicator.
|
||||
|
||||
* Under `note(_)` you’ll see the code that must be executed when the “My Notes” menu item is clicked. Here, we just wrote `os.system(“gedit $HOME/Documents/notes.txt”)` ; The `os.system` function is a function that allows us to run shell commands from inside Python, so here we wrote a command to open a file called `notes.txt` under the `Documents` folder in our home directory using the `gedit` editor. This for example can be your daily notes taking program from now on!
|
||||
|
||||
### Adding your Needed Tasks
|
||||
|
||||
There are only 2 things you need to touch in the code:
|
||||
|
||||
1. Define a new menu item under `menu()` for your desired task.
|
||||
|
||||
2. Create a new function to run a specific action when that menu item is clicked.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
So, let’s say that you want to create a new menu item, which when clicked, plays a specific video/audio file on your hard disk using VLC? To do it, simply add the following 3 lines in line 17:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
command_two = gtk.MenuItem('Play video/audio')
|
||||
command_two.connect('activate', play)
|
||||
menu.append(command_two)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
And the following lines in line 30:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
def play(_):
|
||||
os.system("vlc /home/<username>/Videos/somevideo.mp4")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Replace /home/<username>/Videos/somevideo.mp4 with the path to the video/audio file you want. Now save the file and run the indicator again:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
python tray.py
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This is how you’ll see it now:
|
||||
|
||||
![Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 15][4]
|
||||
|
||||
And when you click on the newly-created menu item, VLC will start playing!
|
||||
|
||||
To create other items/tasks, simply redo the steps again. Just be careful to replace command_two with another name, like command_three, so that no clash between variables happen. And then define new separate functions like what we did with the play(_) function.
|
||||
|
||||
The possibilities are endless from here; I am using this way for example to fetch some data from the web (using the urllib2 library) and display them for me any time. I am also using it for playing an mp3 file in the background using the mpg123 command, and I am defining another menu item to killall mpg123 to stop playing that audio whenever I want. CS:GO on Steam for example takes a huge time to exit (the window doesn’t close automatically), so as a workaround for this, I simply minimize the window and click on a menu item that I created which will execute killall -9 csgo_linux64.
|
||||
|
||||
You can use this indicator for anything: Updating your system packages, possibly running some other scripts any time you want.. Literally anything.
|
||||
|
||||
### Autostart on Boot
|
||||
|
||||
We want our system tray indicator to start automatically on boot, we don’t want to run it manually each time. To do that, simply add the following command to your startup applications (after you replace the path to the tray.py file with yours):
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
nohup python /home/<username>/tray.py &
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The very next time you reboot your system, the indicator will start working automatically after boot!
|
||||
|
||||
### Conclusion
|
||||
|
||||
You now know how to create your own system tray indicator for any task that you may want. This method should save you a lot of time depending on the nature and number of tasks you need to run on daily basis. Some users may prefer creating aliases from the command line, but this will require you to always open the terminal window or have a drop-down terminal emulator available, while here, the system tray indicator is always working and available for you.
|
||||
|
||||
Have you used this method to run your tasks before? Would love to hear your thoughts.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://fosspost.org/tutorials/custom-system-tray-icon-indicator-linux
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[M.Hanny Sabbagh][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://fosspost.org/author/mhsabbagh
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://i2.wp.com/fosspost.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Screenshot-at-2019-02-28-0808.png?resize=407%2C345&ssl=1 (Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 12)
|
||||
[2]: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1031/topicons/
|
||||
[3]: https://i2.wp.com/fosspost.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Screenshot-at-2019-03-02-1041.png?resize=434%2C140&ssl=1 (Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 14)
|
||||
[4]: https://i2.wp.com/fosspost.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Screenshot-at-2019-03-02-1141.png?resize=440%2C149&ssl=1 (Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 16)
|
||||
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (chen-ni)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Can schools be agile?)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/open-organization/19/4/education-culture-agile)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Ben Owens https://opensource.com/users/engineerteacher/users/ke4qqq/users/n8chz/users/don-watkins)
|
||||
|
||||
Can schools be agile?
|
||||
======
|
||||
We certainly don't need to run our schools like businesses—but we could
|
||||
benefit from educational organizations more focused on continuous
|
||||
improvement.
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
We've all had those _deja vu_ moments that make us think "I've seen this before!" I experienced them often in the late 1980s, when I first began my career in industry. I was caught up in a wave of organizational change, where the U.S. manufacturing sector was experimenting with various models that asked leaders, managers, and engineers like me to rethink how we approached things like quality, cost, innovation, and shareholder value. It seems as if every year (sometimes, more frequently) we'd study yet another book to identify the "best practices" necessary for making us leaner, flatter, more nimble, and more responsive to the needs of the customer.
|
||||
|
||||
Many of the approaches were so transformational that their core principles still resonate with me today. Specific ideas and methods from thought leaders such as John Kotter, Peter Drucker, Edwards Demming, and Peter Senge were truly pivotal for our ability to rethink our work, as were the adoption of process improvement methods such as Six Sigma and those embodied in the "Toyota Way."
|
||||
|
||||
But others seemed to simply repackage these same ideas with a sexy new twist—hence my _deja vu_.
|
||||
|
||||
And yet when I began my career as a teacher, I encountered a context that _didn't_ give me that feeling: education. In fact, I was surprised to find that "getting better all the time" was _not_ the same high priority in my new profession that it was in my old one (particularly at the level of my role as a classroom teacher).
|
||||
|
||||
Why aren't more educational organizations working to create cultures of continuous improvement? I can think of several reasons, but let me address two.
|
||||
|
||||
### Widgets no more
|
||||
|
||||
The first barrier to a culture of continuous improvement is education's general reticence to look at other professions for ideas it can adapt and adopt—especially ideas from the business community. The second is education's predominant leadership model, which remains predominantly top-down and rooted in hierarchy. Conversations about systemic, continuous improvement tend to be the purview of a relatively small group of school or district leaders: principals, assistant principals, superintendents, and the like. But widespread organizational culture change can't occur if only one small group is involved in it.
|
||||
|
||||
Before unpacking these points a bit further, I'd like to emphasize that there are certainly exceptions to the above generalization (many I have seen first hand) and that there are two basic assumptions that I think any education stakeholder should be able to agree with:
|
||||
|
||||
1. Continuous improvement must be an essential mindset for _anyone_ involved in the work of providing high-quality and equitable teaching and learning systems for students, and
|
||||
2. Decisions by leaders of our schools will more greatly benefit students and the communities in which they live when those decisions are informed and influenced by those who work closest with students.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
So why a tendency to ignore (or be outright hostile toward) ideas that come from outside the education space?
|
||||
|
||||
I, for example, have certainly faced criticism in the past for suggesting that we look to other professions for ideas and inspiration that can help us better meet the needs of students. A common refrain is something like: "You're trying to treat our students like widgets!" But how could our students be treated any more like widgets than they already are? They matriculate through school in age-based cohorts, going from siloed class to class each day by the sound of a shrill bell, and receive grades based on arbitrary tests that emphasize sameness over individuality.
|
||||
|
||||
What I'm advocating is a clear-eyed and objective look at any idea from any sector with potential to help us better meet the needs of individual students, not that we somehow run our schools like businesses.
|
||||
|
||||
It may be news to many inside of education, but widgets—abstract units of production that evoke the idea of assembly line standardization—are not a significant part of the modern manufacturing sector. Thanks to the culture of continuous improvement described above, modern, advanced manufacturing delivers just what the individual customer wants, at a competitive price, exactly when she wants it. If we adapted this model to our schools, teachers would be more likely to collaborate and constantly refine their unique paths of growth for all students based on just-in-time needs and desires—regardless of the time, subject, or any other traditional norm.
|
||||
|
||||
What I'm advocating is a clear-eyed and objective look at any idea from any sector with potential to help us better meet the needs of individual students, not that we somehow run our schools like businesses. In order for this to happen effectively, however, we need to scrutinize a leadership structure that has frankly remained stagnant for over 100 years.
|
||||
|
||||
### Toward continuous improvement
|
||||
|
||||
While I certainly appreciate the argument that education is an animal significantly different from other professions, I also believe that rethinking an organizational and leadership structure is an applicable exercise for any entity wanting to remain responsible (and responsive) to the needs of its stakeholders. Most other professions have taken a hard look at their traditional, closed, hierarchical structures and moved to ones that encourage collective autonomy per shared goals of excellence—organizational elements essential for continuous improvement. It's time our schools and districts do the same by expanding their horizon beyond sources that, while well intended, are developed from a lens of the current paradigm.
|
||||
|
||||
Not surprisingly, a go-to resource I recommend to any school wanting to begin or accelerate this process is _The Open Organization_ by Jim Whitehurst. Not only does the book provide a window into how educators can create more open, inclusive leadership structures—where mutual respect enables nimble decisions to be made per real-time data—but it does so in language easily adaptable to the rather strange lexicon that's second nature to educators. Open organization thinking provides pragmatic ways any organization can empower members to be more open: sharing ideas and resources, embracing a culture of collaborative participation as a top priority, developing an innovation mindset through rapid prototyping, valuing ideas based on merit rather than the rank of the person proposing them, and building a strong sense of community that's baked into the organization's DNA. Such an open organization crowd-sources ideas from both inside and outside its formal structure and creates the type of environment that enables localized, student-centered innovations to thrive.
|
||||
|
||||
We simply can't rely on solutions and practices we developed in a factory-model paradigm.
|
||||
|
||||
Here's the bottom line: Essential to a culture of continuous improvement is recognizing that what we've done in the past may not be suitable in a rapidly changing future. For educators, that means we simply can't rely on solutions and practices we developed in a factory-model paradigm. We must acknowledge countless examples of best practices from other sectors—such as non-profits, the military, the medical profession, and yes, even business—that can at least _inform_ how we rethink what we do in the best interest of students. By moving beyond the traditionally sanctioned "eduspeak" world, we create opportunities for considering perspectives. We can better see the forest for the trees, taking a more objective look at the problems we face, as well as acknowledging what we do very well.
|
||||
|
||||
Intentionally considering ideas from all sources—from first year classroom teachers to the latest NYT Business & Management Leadership bestseller—offers us a powerful way to engage existing talent within our schools to help overcome the institutionalized inertia that has prevented more positive change from taking hold in our schools and districts.
|
||||
|
||||
Relentlessly pursuing methods of continuous improvement should not be a behavior confined to organizations fighting to remain competitive in a global, innovation economy, nor should it be left to a select few charged with the operation of our schools. When everyone in an organization is always thinking about what they can do differently _today_ to improve what they did _yesterday_ , then you have an organization living a culture of excellence. That's the kind of radically collaborative and innovative culture we should especially expect for organizations focused on changing the lives of young people.
|
||||
|
||||
I'm eagerly awaiting the day when I enter a school, recognize that spirit, and smile to myself as I say, "I've seen this before."
|
||||
|
||||
Experiential learning using open source is fraught with opportunities for disaster.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/open-organization/19/4/education-culture-agile
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Ben Owens][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/engineerteacher/users/ke4qqq/users/n8chz/users/don-watkins
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/EDUCATION_network.png?itok=ySEHuAQ8
|
||||
@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Learn Python with these awesome resources)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/5/resources-learning-python)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Don Watkins https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins)
|
||||
|
||||
Learn Python with these awesome resources
|
||||
======
|
||||
Expand your Python knowledge by adding these resources to your personal
|
||||
learning network.
|
||||
![Book list, favorites][1]
|
||||
|
||||
I've been using and teaching Python for a long time now, but I'm always interested in increasing my knowledge about this practical and useful programming language. That's why I've been trying to expand my Python [personal learning network][2] (PLN), a concept that describes informal and mutually beneficial networks for sharing information.
|
||||
|
||||
Educators [Kelly Paredes][3] and [Sean Tibor][4] recently talked about how to build your Python PLN on their podcast, [Teaching Python][5], which I subscribed to after meeting them at [PyCon 2019][6] in Cleveland (and adding them to my Python PLN). This podcast inspired me to think more about the people in my Python PLN, including those I met recently at PyCon.
|
||||
|
||||
I'll share some of the places I've met members of my PLN; maybe they can become part of your Python PLN, too.
|
||||
|
||||
### Young Coders mentors
|
||||
|
||||
[Betsy Waliszewski][7], the event coordinator for the Python Foundation, is a member of my Python PLN. When we ran into each other at PyCon2019, because I'm a teacher, she recommended I check out the [Young Coders][8] workshop for kids ages 12 and up. There, I met [Katie Cunningham][9], who was running the program, which taught participants how to set up and configure a Raspberry Pi and use Python. The young students also received two books: _[Python for Kids][10]_ by Jason Briggs and _[Learn to Program with Minecraft][11]_ by Craig Richardson. I'm always looking for new ways to improve my teaching, so I quickly picked up two copies of the Minecraft book at [NoStarch Press][12]' booth at the conference. Katie is a great teacher and a prolific author with a wonderful [YouTube][13] channel full of Python training videos.
|
||||
|
||||
I added Katie to my PLN, along with two other people I met at the Young Coders workshop: [Nat Dunn][14] and [Sean Valentine][15]. Like Katie, they were volunteering their time to introduce young programmers to Python. Nat is the president of [Webucator][16], an IT training company that has been a sponsor of the Python Software Foundation for several years and sponsored the PyCon 2018 Education Summit. He decided to teach at Young Coders after teaching Python to his 13-year-old son and 14-year-old nephew. Sean is the director of strategic initiatives at the [Hidden Genius Project][17], a technology and leadership mentoring program for black male youth. Sean said many Hidden Genius participants "built projects using Python, so we saw [Young Coders] as a great opportunity to partner." Learning about the Hidden Genius Project has inspired me to think deeper about the implications of coding and its power to change lives.
|
||||
|
||||
### Open Spaces meetups
|
||||
|
||||
I found PyCon's [Open Spaces][18], self-organizing, impromptu hour-long meetups, just as useful as the official programmed events. One of my favorites was about the [Circuit Playground Express][19] device, which was part of our conference swag bags. I am fascinated by this device, and the Open Space provided an avenue to learn more. The organizers offered a worksheet and a [GitHub][20] repo with all the tools we needed to be successful, as well as an opportunity for hands-on learning and direction to explore this unique hardware.
|
||||
|
||||
This meetup whetted my appetite to learn even more about programming the Circuit Playground Express, so after PyCon, I reached out on Twitter to [Nina Zakharenko][21], who [presented a keynote][22] at the conference about programming the device. Nina has been in my Python PLN since last fall when I heard her talk at [All Things Open][23], and I recently signed up for her [Python Fundamentals][24] class to add to my learning. Nina recommended I add [Kattni Rembor][25], whose [code examples][26] are helping me learn to program with CircuitPython, to my Python PLN.
|
||||
|
||||
### Other resources from my PLN
|
||||
|
||||
I also met fellow [Opensource.com][27] Community Moderator [Moshe Zadka][28] at PyCon2019 and talked with him at length. He shared several new Python resources, including _[How to Think Like a Computer Scientist][29]_. Community Moderator [Seth Kenlon][30] is another member of my PLN; he has published many great [Python articles][31], and I recommend you follow him, too.
|
||||
|
||||
My Python personal learning network continues to grow each day. Besides the folks I have already mentioned, I recommend you follow [Al Sweigart][32], [Eric Matthes][33], and [Adafruit][34] because they share great content. I also recommend the book _[Make: Getting Started with Adafruit Circuit Playground Express][35]_ and [Podcast.__init__][36], a podcast all about the Python community, both of which I learned about from my PLN.
|
||||
|
||||
Who is in your Python PLN? Please share your favorites in the comments.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/19/5/resources-learning-python
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Don Watkins][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/reading_book_stars_list.png?itok=Iwa1oBOl (Book list, favorites)
|
||||
[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_learning_network
|
||||
[3]: https://www.teachingpython.fm/hosts/kellypared
|
||||
[4]: https://twitter.com/smtibor
|
||||
[5]: https://www.teachingpython.fm/20
|
||||
[6]: https://us.pycon.org/2019/
|
||||
[7]: https://www.linkedin.com/in/betsywaliszewski
|
||||
[8]: https://us.pycon.org/2019/events/letslearnpython/
|
||||
[9]: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kcunning/
|
||||
[10]: https://nostarch.com/pythonforkids
|
||||
[11]: https://nostarch.com/programwithminecraft
|
||||
[12]: https://nostarch.com/
|
||||
[13]: https://www.youtube.com/c/KatieCunningham
|
||||
[14]: https://www.linkedin.com/in/natdunn/
|
||||
[15]: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sean-valentine-b370349b/
|
||||
[16]: https://www.webucator.com/
|
||||
[17]: http://www.hiddengeniusproject.org/
|
||||
[18]: https://us.pycon.org/2019/events/open-spaces/
|
||||
[19]: https://www.adafruit.com/product/3333
|
||||
[20]: https://github.com/adafruit/PyCon2019
|
||||
[21]: https://twitter.com/nnja
|
||||
[22]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35mXD40SvXM
|
||||
[23]: https://allthingsopen.org/
|
||||
[24]: https://frontendmasters.com/courses/python/
|
||||
[25]: https://twitter.com/kattni
|
||||
[26]: https://github.com/kattni/ChiPy_2018
|
||||
[27]: http://Opensource.com
|
||||
[28]: https://opensource.com/users/moshez
|
||||
[29]: http://openbookproject.net/thinkcs/python/english3e/
|
||||
[30]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
|
||||
[31]: https://www.google.com/search?source=hp&ei=gVToXPq-FYXGsAW-mZ_YAw&q=site%3Aopensource.com+%22Seth+Kenlon%22+%2B+Python&oq=site%3Aopensource.com+%22Seth+Kenlon%22+%2B+Python&gs_l=psy-ab.12...627.15303..15584...1.0..0.176.2802.4j21......0....1..gws-wiz.....0..35i39j0j0i131j0i67j0i20i263.r2SAW3dxlB4
|
||||
[32]: http://alsweigart.com/
|
||||
[33]: https://twitter.com/ehmatthes?lang=en
|
||||
[34]: https://twitter.com/adafruit
|
||||
[35]: https://www.adafruit.com/product/3944
|
||||
[36]: https://www.pythonpodcast.com/episodes/
|
||||
@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Personal assistant with Mycroft and Fedora)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/personal-assistant-with-mycroft-and-fedora/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Clément Verna https://fedoramagazine.org/author/cverna/)
|
||||
|
||||
Personal assistant with Mycroft and Fedora
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
Looking for an open source personal assistant ? [Mycroft][2] is allowing you to run an open source service which gives you better control of your data.
|
||||
|
||||
### Install Mycroft on Fedora
|
||||
|
||||
Mycroft is currently not available in the official package collection, but it can be easily installed from the project source. The first step is to download the source from Mycroft’s GitHub repository.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ git clone https://github.com/MycroftAI/mycroft-core.git
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Mycroft is a Python application and the project provides a script that takes care of creating a virtual environment before installing Mycroft and its dependencies.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ cd mycroft-core
|
||||
$ ./dev_setup.sh
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The installation script prompts the user to help him with the installation process. It is recommended to run the stable version and get automatic updates.
|
||||
|
||||
When prompted to install locally the Mimic text-to-speech engine, answer No. Since as described in the installation process this can take a long time and Mimic is available as an rpm package in Fedora so it can be installed using dnf.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf install mimic
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Starting Mycroft
|
||||
|
||||
After the installation is complete, the Mycroft services can be started using the following script.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ ./start-mycroft.sh all
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
In order to start using Mycroft the device running the service needs to be registered. To do that an account is needed and can be created at <https://home.mycroft.ai/>.
|
||||
|
||||
Once the account created, it is possible to add a new device at the following address [https://account.mycroft.ai/devices.][3] Adding a new device requires a pairing code that will be spoken to you by your device after starting all the services.
|
||||
|
||||
![][4]
|
||||
|
||||
The device is now ready to be used.
|
||||
|
||||
### Using Mycroft
|
||||
|
||||
Mycroft provides a set of [skills][5] that are enabled by default or can be downloaded from the [Marketplace][5]. To start you can simply ask Mycroft how is doing, or what the weather is.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
Hey Mycroft, how are you ?
|
||||
|
||||
Hey Mycroft, what's the weather like ?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you are interested in how things works, the _start-mycroft.sh_ script provides a _cli_ option that lets you interact with the services using the command line. It is also displaying logs which is really useful for debugging.
|
||||
|
||||
Mycroft is always trying to learn new skills, and there are many way to help by [contributing][6] the Mycroft community.
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
Photo by [Przemyslaw Marczynski][7] on [Unsplash][8]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://fedoramagazine.org/personal-assistant-with-mycroft-and-fedora/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Clément Verna][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/cverna/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/mycroft-816x345.jpg
|
||||
[2]: https://mycroft.ai/
|
||||
[3]: https://account.mycroft.ai/devices
|
||||
[4]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Screenshot_2019-06-14-Account.png
|
||||
[5]: https://market.mycroft.ai/skills
|
||||
[6]: https://mycroft.ai/contribute/
|
||||
[7]: https://unsplash.com/@pemmax?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
|
||||
[8]: https://unsplash.com/search/photos/ai?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
|
||||
[#]: translator: "qfzy1233"
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
[#]: subject: "Top 5 Linux Distributions for Productivity"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2019/1/top-5-linux-distributions-productivity"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Jack Wallen https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen"
|
||||
|
||||
五个最具生产力的 Linux 发行版
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
必须承认的是，这样一个热门的话题其实很难被总结出来。为什么呢？首先，Linux 在设计层面就是一种有生产力的操作系统。由于它极强的可靠性和稳定的平台，使得工作的开展变得简易化。其次为了衡量工作的效率，你需要考虑到哪项工作需要得到生产力方面的助推。是普通办公？开发类工作？学校事务？数据挖掘？或者是人力资源？你可以看到这一问题变得复杂起来了。
|
||||
|
||||
然而，这并不意味着那些基于推动底层操作系统成为更为高效平台的发行版们可以在配置和呈现方面做的更好。恰恰相反，许多发行版在偏离生产力这条道路上越走越远，所以你不会意识到你自己处在工作的窘境中，而是继续挖掘自己的潜力在工期结束之前拼命赶上进度。这些 Linux 发行版可以帮助你化繁为简，因此或许可以减少你工作流程中的痛点。
|
||||
|
||||
让我们来看一下这些发行版并为你找出适合你的最佳选择。为了更具条理，我按照生产力诉求把他们分成了几类。这项任务本身也是一种挑战，因为每个人在生产力提升上的需要是千差万别的。然而，我所关注的是下列的几项：
|
||||
|
||||
* 普通生产力: 适于从事复杂工作并希望提升工作效率。
|
||||
|
||||
* 平面设计: 适于从事设计创造和图像处理的人们。
|
||||
|
||||
* 开发: 适于那些使用 Linux 桌面发行版来进行编程工作。
|
||||
|
||||
* 管理人员: 适于那些需要某些版本来促进一体化的管理任务的人员。
|
||||
|
||||
* 教育: 适于那些需要桌面发行版可以助力他们在教育领域更创造力的人们。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
诚然，有很多很多类别的发行版可供挑选，其中的很多可能用起来十分得心应手，但这五种或许是你最为需要的。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 普通生产力
|
||||
|
||||
对普通的生产力诉求来说，你不会找到比 [Ubuntu][1] 更为高效的了。在这个类别中首推 Ubuntu 最基础的原因是因为它实现了桌面操作系统、软件、服务的无缝集成。你可能会问为什么我不选择同类别的 Linux Mint 呢？因为 Ubuntu 现在默认的的桌面环境为 GNOME 桌面，而它拥有 GNOME 许多扩展程序的优势的加成（图 1）。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
![GNOME Clipboard][3]
|
||||
|
||||
图 1：运行中的 GNOME 桌面的剪切板管理工具。
|
||||
|
||||
[经许可使用][4]
|
||||
|
||||
这些扩展程序在提升生产力方面做了很多努力(所以 Ubuntu 比 Linux Mint 获得了更多的认可)。但是 Ubuntu 不仅仅支持 vanilla 版本的 GNOME 桌面。事实上，他们致力于将它改进的更为轻量化、更为高效、以及用户友好度更高、开箱即用。总而言之，由于 Ubuntu 正确的融合了多种特性，开箱即用，完善的软件支持（仅对工作方面而言），这些特性使它几乎成为了生产力领域最为完美的一个平台。
|
||||
|
||||
不管你是要写一篇文档，制作一张电子表格，写一个新的软件，开啊公司的网站，设计商用的图形，管理一个服务器或是网络，抑或是在你的公司内从事人力资源管理工作， Ubuntu 都可以满足你的需求。Ubuntu 桌面发行版也并不要求你耗费很大的精力才能开始开始开展工作…他只是纯粹的工作（并且十分优秀）。最后，得益于 Debian 的基础，使得 Ubuntu 上安装第三方的软件十分简便。
|
||||
|
||||
很难反对这一特殊的发行版在生产力发行版列表中独占鳌头，尽管 Ubuntu 几乎已经成为几乎所有“顶级发行版”列表的榜首。
|
||||
|
||||
### 平面设计
|
||||
|
||||
如果你正在寻求提升你的平面设计效率，你不能错过[Fedora设计套件][5]。这一 Fedora 的衍生版是由负责 Fedora 艺术类项目的团队亲自操刀制作的。虽然默认选择的应用程序并不是一个庞大的工具集合，但它所包含的工具都是创建和处理图像专用的。
|
||||
|
||||
有了GIMP、Inkscape、Darktable、Krita、Entangle、Blender、Pitivi、Scribus等应用程序(图 2)，您将发现完成图像编辑工作所需要的一切都已经准备好了，而且准备得很好。但是Fedora设计套件并不仅限于此。这个桌面平台还包括一堆教程，涵盖了许多已安装的应用程序。对于任何想要尽可能提高效率的人来说，这将是一些非常有用的信息。不过，我要说的是，GNOME Favorites中的教程不过是[此页][6]链接的内容。
|
||||
|
||||
![Fedora Design Suite Favorites][8]
|
||||
|
||||
图 2: Fedora Design Suite Favorites菜单包含了许多工具，可以让您用于图形设计。
|
||||
|
||||
[经许可使用][4]
|
||||
|
||||
那些使用数码相机的用户肯定会喜欢Entangle应用程序，它可以让你在电脑上上控制单反相机。
|
||||
|
||||
### 开发人员
|
||||
|
||||
几乎所有的Linux发行版对于程序员来说都是很好的编程平台。然而，有一种特定的发行版脱颖而出，并超越了其他发行版，它将是您见过的用于编程类最有效率的工具之一。这个操作系统来自[System76][9]（译注：一家美国的计算机制造商），名为[Pop!_OS][10]。Pop!_OS是专门为创作者定制的，但不是针对艺术类。相反,Pop!_OS面向专门从事开发、编程和软件制作的程序员。如果您需要一个既能完美的胜任开发平台又包含桌面操作系统的开发环境，Pop!_OS 将会是您的不二选择。 (图 3)
|
||||
|
||||
可能会让您感到惊讶(考虑到这个操作系统是多么“年轻”)的是Pop!_OS也是您使用过的基于 GNOME平台的最稳定系统的之一。这意味着 Pop!_OS 不只是为创造者和制造者准备的，也是为任何想要一个可靠的操作系统的人准备的。你可以下载针对你的硬件的专门 ISO 文件，这一点是许多用户十分欣赏的。如果你有英特尔硬件,[下载][10]Intel或AMD的版本。如果您的显卡是NVIDIA，请下载该特定版本。不管怎样，您肯定会得到针对不同平台进行特殊定制的稳定的版本。
|
||||
|
||||
![Pop!_OS][12]
|
||||
|
||||
图 3: 装有 GNOME 桌面的 Pop!_OS 一览。
|
||||
|
||||
[经许可使用][4]
|
||||
|
||||
有趣的是，在 Pop!_OS 中，您不会找到太多预装的开发工具。你也不会找到IDE或许多其他开发工具。但是，您可以在Pop 商店中中找到所需的所有开发工具。
|
||||
|
||||
### 管理人员
|
||||
|
||||
如果你正在寻找适合管理领域的最生产力的发行版本，[Debian][13]将会是你的不二之选。为什么这么说呢？因为 Debian 不仅仅拥有无与伦比的可靠性，它也是众多能从苦海中将你解救出来的最好的一个版本。Debian是易用性和无限可能性的完美结合。最重要的是，因为它是许多其他发行版的基础，所以可以打赌的是，如果您需要一个任务的管理工具，那么它一定支持 Debian 系统。当然，我们讨论的是一般管理任务，这意味着大多数时候您需要使用终端窗口 SSH 连接到服务器(图4)，或者在浏览器上使用网络上基于web的GUI工具。既然如此为什么还要使用一个复杂的桌面呢(比如Fedora中的SELinux或openSUSE中的YaST)呢?所以,应选择更为简洁易用的那一种。
|
||||
![Debian][15]
|
||||
|
||||
图 4: 在 Debian 系统上通过SSH 连接到远程服务器。
|
||||
|
||||
[经授权使用][4]
|
||||
|
||||
你可以选择你想要的不同的桌面（包括GNOME, Xfce, KDE, Cinnamon, MATE, LXDE），确保你所使用的桌面外观最适合你的工作习惯。
|
||||
|
||||
### 教育
|
||||
|
||||
如果你是一名老师或者学生，抑或是其他从事与教育相关工作的人士，你需要适当的工具来变得更具创造力。之前，有 Edubuntu 这样的版本。这一版本位列教育类相关发行版排名的前列。然而，自从 Ubuntu 14.04 版之后这一发行版就再也没有更新。还好，现在有一款基于 openSUSE 的新的以教育为基础的发行版有望夺摘得桂冠。这一改版叫做 [openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e][16] (Linux For Education - 图 5), 它基于 openSUSE Leap 42.1 （所以它可能稍微有一点过时）。
|
||||
|
||||
openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e 包含了一下工具：
|
||||
|
||||
* Brain Workshop（大脑工坊） - 一种基于 dual n-back 模式的大脑训练软件（译注：dual n-back 训练是一种科学的智力训练方法，可以改善人的工作记忆和流体智力）
|
||||
|
||||
* GCompris - 一种针对青少年的教育软件包
|
||||
|
||||
* gElemental - 一款元素周期表查看工具
|
||||
|
||||
* iGNUit - 一款通用的记忆卡片工具
|
||||
|
||||
* Little Wizard - 基于 Pascal 语言的少儿编程开发环境
|
||||
|
||||
* Stellarium - 天文模拟器
|
||||
|
||||
* TuxMath - 数学入门游戏
|
||||
|
||||
* TuxPaint - 一款少儿绘画软件
|
||||
|
||||
* TuxType - 一款为少儿准备的打字入门软件
|
||||
|
||||
* wxMaxima - 一个跨平台的计算机代数系统
|
||||
|
||||
* Inkscape - 矢量图形编辑软件
|
||||
|
||||
* GIMP - 图像处理软件（译注：被誉为 Linux 上的 PhotoShop）
|
||||
|
||||
* Pencil - GUI 模型制作工具
|
||||
|
||||
* Hugin - 全景照片拼接及 HDR 效果混合软件
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
![Education][18]
|
||||
|
||||
图 5: openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e 发行版拥有大量的工具可以帮你在学校中变得更为高效。
|
||||
|
||||
[经许可使用][4]
|
||||
|
||||
同时还集成在 openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e 中的还有 [KIWI-LTSP Server][19] 。Also included with openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e is the [KIWI-LTSP Server][19]. KIWI-LTSP KIWI-LTSP服务器是一个灵活的、成本有效的解决方案，旨在使全世界的学校、企业和组织能够轻松地安装和部署桌面工作站。虽然这可能不会直接帮助学生变得更具创造力，但它肯定会使教育机构在部署供学生使用的桌面时更有效率。有关配置 KIWI-LTSP 的更多信息，请查看openSUSE [KIWI-LTSP quick start guide][20].
|
||||
|
||||
通过 Linux 基金会和 edX 的免费["入门介绍"][21]课程来了解更多关于 Linux 的知识。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2019/1/top-5-linux-distributions-productivity
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Jack Wallen][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[qfzy1233](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://www.ubuntu.com/
|
||||
[2]: /files/images/productivity1jpg
|
||||
[3]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/productivity_1.jpg?itok=yxez3X1w "GNOME Clipboard"
|
||||
[4]: /licenses/category/used-permission
|
||||
[5]: https://labs.fedoraproject.org/en/design-suite/
|
||||
[6]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Design_Suite/Tutorials
|
||||
[7]: /files/images/productivity2jpg
|
||||
[8]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/productivity_2.jpg?itok=ke0b8qyH "Fedora Design Suite Favorites"
|
||||
[9]: https://system76.com/
|
||||
[10]: https://system76.com/pop
|
||||
[11]: /files/images/productivity3jpg-0
|
||||
[12]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/productivity_3_0.jpg?itok=8UkCUfsD "Pop!_OS"
|
||||
[13]: https://www.debian.org/
|
||||
[14]: /files/images/productivity4jpg
|
||||
[15]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/productivity_4.jpg?itok=c9yD3Xw2 "Debian"
|
||||
[16]: https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Education-Li-f-e
|
||||
[17]: /files/images/productivity5jpg
|
||||
[18]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/productivity_5.jpg?itok=oAFtV8nT "Education"
|
||||
[19]: https://en.opensuse.org/Portal:KIWI-LTSP
|
||||
[20]: https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:KIWI-LTSP_quick_start
|
||||
[21]: https://training.linuxfoundation.org/linux-courses/system-administration-training/introduction-to-linux
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://fosspost.org/tutorials/custom-system-tray-icon-indicator-linux)
|
||||
[#]: author: (M.Hanny Sabbagh https://fosspost.org/author/mhsabbagh)
|
||||
|
||||
在 Linux 上为你的任务创建一个自定义的系统托盘指示器
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
时至今日系统托盘图标依然很有用。只需要右击图标，然后选择想要的动作即可，你可以大幅简化你的生活并且减少日常行为中的大量无用的点击。
|
||||
|
||||
一说到有用的系统托盘图标，我们很容易就想到 Skype，Dropbox 和 VLC:
|
||||
|
||||
![Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 11][1]
|
||||
|
||||
然而系统托盘图标实际上要更有用得多; 你可以根据自己的需求创建自己的系统托盘图标。本指导将会教你通过简单的几个步骤来实现这一目的。
|
||||
|
||||
### 前置条件
|
||||
|
||||
我们将要用 Python 来实现一个自定义的系统托盘指示器。Python 默认在所有主流的 Linux 发行版中都有安装，因此你只需要确定一下它已经确实被安装好了(版本为 2.7)。另外，我们还需要安装好 gir1.2-appindicator3 包。该库能够让我们很容易就能创建系统图标指示器。
|
||||
|
||||
在 Ubuntu/Mint/Debian 上安装：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-get install gir1.2-appindicator3
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
在 Fedora 上安装：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install libappindicator-gtk3
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
对于其他发行版，只需要搜索包含 appindicator 的包就行了。
|
||||
|
||||
在 GNOME Shell 3.26 开始，系统托盘图标被删除了。你需要安装 [这个扩展 ][2] (或者其他扩展) 来为桌面启用该功能。否则你无法看到我们创建的指示器。
|
||||
|
||||
### 基础代码
|
||||
|
||||
下面是指示器的基础代码：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
#!/usr/bin/python
|
||||
import os
|
||||
from gi.repository import Gtk as gtk, AppIndicator3 as appindicator
|
||||
|
||||
def main():
|
||||
indicator = appindicator.Indicator.new("customtray", "semi-starred-symbolic", appindicator.IndicatorCategory.APPLICATION_STATUS)
|
||||
indicator.set_status(appindicator.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)
|
||||
indicator.set_menu(menu())
|
||||
gtk.main()
|
||||
|
||||
def menu():
|
||||
menu = gtk.Menu()
|
||||
|
||||
command_one = gtk.MenuItem('My Notes')
|
||||
command_one.connect('activate', note)
|
||||
menu.append(command_one)
|
||||
|
||||
exittray = gtk.MenuItem('Exit Tray')
|
||||
exittray.connect('activate', quit)
|
||||
menu.append(exittray)
|
||||
|
||||
menu.show_all()
|
||||
return menu
|
||||
|
||||
def note(_):
|
||||
os.system("gedit $HOME/Documents/notes.txt")
|
||||
|
||||
def quit(_):
|
||||
gtk.main_quit()
|
||||
|
||||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||||
main()
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
我们待会会解释一下代码是怎么工作的。但是现在，让我们将该文本保存为 tray.py，然后使用 Python 运行之：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
python tray.py
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
我们会看到指示器运行起来了，如下图所示：
|
||||
|
||||
![Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 13][3]
|
||||
|
||||
现在，让我们解释一下魔术的原理：
|
||||
|
||||
* 前三行代码仅仅用来指明 Python 的路径并且导入需要的库。
|
||||
|
||||
* def main() : 此为指示器的主函数。该函数的代码用来初始化并创建指示器。
|
||||
|
||||
* indicator = appindicator.Indicator.new(“customtray”，“semi-starred-symbolic”，appindicator.IndicatorCategory.APPLICATION_STATUS) : 这里我们指明创建一个名为 `customtray` 的指示器。这是指示器的唯一名称这样系统就不会与其他运行中的指示器搞混了。同时我们使用名为 `semi-starred-symbolic` 的图标作为指示器的默认图标。你可以将之改成任何其他值; 比如 `firefox` (如果你希望该指示器使用 FireFox 的图标)，或任何其他希望的图标名。最后与 `APPLICATION_STATUS` 相关的部分是指明指示器类别/范围的常规代码。
|
||||
|
||||
* `indicator.set_status(appindicator.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)` : 这一行激活指示器。
|
||||
|
||||
* `indicator.set_menu(menu())` : 这里我的是我们想使用 `menu()` 函数 (我们会在后面定义) 来为我们的指示器创建菜单项。这很重要，可以让你右击指示器后看到一个可以实施行为的列别。
|
||||
|
||||
* `gtk.main()` : 运行 GTK 主循环。
|
||||
|
||||
* 在 `menu()` 中我们定义了想要指示器提供的行为或项目。`command_one = gtk.MenuItem(‘My Notes’)` 仅仅使用文本 “My notes” 来初始化第一个菜单项，接下来 `command_one.connect(‘activate’，note)` 将菜单的 `activate` 信号与后面定义的 `note()` 函数相连接; 换句话说，我们告诉我们的系统：“当该菜单项被点击，运行 note() 函数”。最后，`menu.append(command_one)` 将菜单项添加到列表中。
|
||||
|
||||
* `exittray` 相关的行是为了创建一个退出的菜单项让你在想要的时候关闭指示器。
|
||||
|
||||
* `menu.show_all()` 以及 `return menu` 只是返回菜单项给指示器的常规代码。
|
||||
|
||||
* 在 `note(_)` 下面是点击 “My Notes” 菜单项时需要执行的代码。这里只是 `os.system(“gedit $HOME/Documents/notes.txt”)` 这一句话; `os.system` 函数允许你在 Python 中运行 shell 命令，因此这里我们写了一行命令来使用 `gedit` 打开 home 目录下 `Documents` 目录中名为 `notes.txt` 的文件。例如，这个可以称为你今后的日常笔记程序了！
|
||||
|
||||
### 添加你所需要的任务
|
||||
|
||||
你只需要修改代码中的两块地方：
|
||||
|
||||
1。在 `menu()` 中为你想要的任务定义新的菜单项。
|
||||
|
||||
2。创建一个新的函数让给该菜单项被点击时执行特定的行为。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
所以，比如说你想要创建一个新菜单项，在点击后，会使用 VLC 播放硬盘中某个特定的视频/音频文件？要做到这一点，只需要在地 17 行处添加下面三行内容：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
command_two = gtk.MenuItem('Play video/audio')
|
||||
command_two.connect('activate', play)
|
||||
menu.append(command_two)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
然后在地 30 行添加下面内容：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
def play(_):
|
||||
os.system("vlc /home/<username>/Videos/somevideo.mp4")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
将 /home/<username>/Videos/somevideo.mp4 替换成你想要播放的视频/音频文件路径。现在保存该文件然后再次运行该指示器：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
python tray.py
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
你将会看到：
|
||||
|
||||
![Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 15][4]
|
||||
|
||||
而且当你点击新创建的菜单项时，VLC 会开始播放！
|
||||
|
||||
要创建其他项目/任务，只需要重复上面步骤即可。但是要小心，需要用其他命令来为 command_two 改名，比如 command_three，这样在变量之间才不会产生冲突。然后定义新函数，就像 play(_) 函数那样。
|
||||
|
||||
从这里开始的可能性是无穷的; 比如我用这种方法来从网上获取数据(使用 urllib2 库) 并显示出来。我也用它来在后台使用 mpg123 命令播放 mp3 文件，而且我还定义了另一个菜单项来杀掉所有的 mpg123 来随时停止播放音频。比如 Steam 上的 CS:GO 退出很费时间(窗口并不会自动关闭)，因此，作为一个变通的方法，我只是最小化窗口然后点击某个自建的菜单项，它会执行 killall -9 csgo_linux64 命令。
|
||||
|
||||
你可以使用这个指示器来做任何事情：升级系统包，运行其他脚本。字面上的任何事情。
|
||||
|
||||
### 自动启动
|
||||
|
||||
我们希望系统托盘指示器能在系统启动后自动启动，而不用每次都手工运行。要做到这一点，只需要在自启动应用程序中添加下面命令即可(但是你需要将 tray.py 的路径替换成你自己的路径):
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
nohup python /home/<username>/tray.py &
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
下次重启系统，指示器会在系统启动后自动开始工作了！
|
||||
|
||||
### 结论
|
||||
|
||||
你现在知道了如何为你想要的任务创建自己的系统托盘指示器了。根据每天需要运行的任务的性质和数量，此方法可以节省大量时间。有些人偏爱从命令行创建别名，但是这需要你每次都打开终端窗口或者需要有一个可用的下拉式终端仿真器，而这里，这个系统托盘指示器一直在工作，随时可用。
|
||||
|
||||
你以前用过这个方法来运行你的任务吗？很想听听你的想法。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://fosspost.org/tutorials/custom-system-tray-icon-indicator-linux
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[M.Hanny Sabbagh][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://fosspost.org/author/mhsabbagh
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://i2.wp.com/fosspost.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Screenshot-at-2019-02-28-0808.png?resize=407%2C345&ssl=1 (Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 12)
|
||||
[2]: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1031/topicons/
|
||||
[3]: https://i2.wp.com/fosspost.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Screenshot-at-2019-03-02-1041.png?resize=434%2C140&ssl=1 (Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 14)
|
||||
[4]: https://i2.wp.com/fosspost.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Screenshot-at-2019-03-02-1141.png?resize=440%2C149&ssl=1 (Create a Custom System Tray Indicator For Your Tasks on Linux 16)
|
||||
69
translated/tech/20190416 Can schools be agile.md
Normal file
69
translated/tech/20190416 Can schools be agile.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (chen-ni)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Can schools be agile?)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/open-organization/19/4/education-culture-agile)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Ben Owens https://opensource.com/users/engineerteacher/users/ke4qqq/users/n8chz/users/don-watkins)
|
||||
|
||||
学校可以变得敏捷吗？
|
||||
======
|
||||
我们一定不会希望用商业的方式运作我们的学校 —— 但是更加注重持续改进的教育机构是可以让我们受益的。
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
我们都有过那种感觉一件事情“似曾相识”的经历。在 1980 年代末期我经常会有这种感觉，那时候我刚刚进入工业领域不久。当时正赶上一波组织变革的热潮，美国制造业在尝试各种各样不同的模型，让企业领导、经理人和像我这样的工程师重新思考我们应该如何处理质量、成本、创新以及股东价值这样的问题。我们似乎每一年（有时候更加频繁）都需要通过学习一本书来找到让我们更精简、更扁平、更灵活以及更加能满足顾客需求的“最佳方案”。
|
||||
|
||||
这里面的很多方法都带来了巨大的改进，我至今仍然赞同它们的核心原则。像 John Kotter、Peter Drucker、Edwards Demming 和 Peter Senge 这样的思想领袖提出的某些思想和策略，还有我们采用的像 Six Sigma 以及在“丰田模式”里可以找到的一些流程优化方法，对我们改进工作都起到了十分关键的作用。
|
||||
|
||||
但是其他人似乎只是在同样的思想上进行了润色和调整，然后重新包装了一下 —— 所以我才会有那种 *似曾相识* 的感觉。但是当我成为了一名教师之后，我遇到了一个 *没有* 给我那种似曾相识的感觉的地方：教育界。事实上我十分惊讶地发现，在我的这个新职业里，“持续不断的改进”并 *不像* 在我之前的职业里那样重要了（特别是对于像我这种授课老师职级的人来说）。
|
||||
|
||||
为什么教育机构很少努力营造一种不断改进的文化氛围呢？我能想到几个原因，在这里我列举两个。
|
||||
|
||||
### 不再做生产线上的元件
|
||||
|
||||
这种不断改进的文化氛围遇到的第一个阻碍是，教育界普遍不愿意从其它行业借鉴可以为自己所用的思想 —— 特别是来自商界的思想。第二个阻碍是，主导教育界的仍然是一种自上而下的、等级制度森严的领导模式。人们往往只能在小范围内讨论这种系统性的、持续的改进方案，比如包括校长、助理校长、学校监管人（LCTT 译注：美国地方政府下设的一种官职，每个学校监管人管理一定数量的学校，接受学校校长的汇报）等等在内的学校领导和区域领袖。但是一小群人的参与是远远不足以带来整个组织层面的文化改革的。
|
||||
|
||||
在进一步展开观点之前，我想强调一下，上面所做的概括一定是存在例外情况 的（我自己就见到过很多），不过我觉得任何一个教育界的利益相关者都应该会同意以下两点基本假设：
|
||||
|
||||
1. 为学生提供高质量的、公平的教育和教学系统的工作所涉及到的任何人都应该将持续不断的改进作为思维方式里的重要部分；
|
||||
2. 如果学校领导在做决策的时候可以更多地参考那些离学生最近的工作者的意见，那么学生以及学生所在的社区都将更加受益；
|
||||
|
||||
那么教育界人士为什么会倾向于忽视（或者公然地敌视）教育界之外的思想呢？
|
||||
|
||||
比如我过去就曾经提议应该向别的行业借鉴一些思想和灵感来帮助我们更好地迎合学生的需求，并且果然遭到了批评。我经常得到的回应是：“你这是在把我们的学生当成生产线上的元件来对待呀！”但是我们的学生现在就是在被当作生产线上的元件对待，并且已经无以复加了。他们按照被年龄划分的群体考入大学，每天根据刺耳的铃声的指示去上一节又一节孤立的课程，并且由一些武断的、强调同一性而不是个性的考试来评判他们的成绩。
|
||||
|
||||
很多教育界人士可能不知道，生产线元件这种会让人想到流水线标准化作业的东西已经不是现代制造业里的重要组成部分了。得益于上面提到的不断改进的文化氛围，现代先进制造业已经可以做到在单个顾客产生需求的时候，以合理的价格有针对性地提供她所需要的商品。如果我们的学校也可以采用这种模式，教师们之间就更可能会进行协作，并且可以基于学生即时的需求和兴趣，不断完善每一个学生独特的成长和进步路线，而不受时间、课题或者其它传统规范的限制。
|
||||
|
||||
我并不是要呼吁大家像经营商业一样经营我们的学校。我所主张的是，用一种清晰而客观的态度去看待任何行业的任何思想，只要它们有可能帮助我们更好地迎合学生个体的需求。不过，如果想有效率地实现这个目标，我们需要仔细研究这个 100 多年来都停滞不前的领导结构。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 把不断改进作为努力的目标
|
||||
|
||||
有一种说法认为教育和其它行业之间存在着巨大的差异，我虽然赞同这种说法，但同时也相信“重新思考组织和领导结构”这件事情对于任何一个希望对利益相关者负责（并且可以及时作出响应）的主体来说都是适用的。大多数其它行业都已经在重新审视它们传统的、封闭的、等级森严的结构，并且采用可以鼓励员工基于共有的优秀目标发挥自主性的组织结构 —— 这种组织结构对于不断改进来说十分关键。我们的学校和行政区是时候放开眼界了，而不应该拘泥于只听到来自内部的声音，因为它们的用意虽然是好的，但都没有脱离现有的范式。
|
||||
|
||||
对于任何希望开始或者加速这个转变过程的学校，我推荐一本很好的书：Jim Whitehurst 的《开放的组织》（这不应该让你感到意外）。这本书不仅可以帮助我们理解教育者如何创造更加开放、覆盖面更广的领导领导结构 —— 在这样的结构下，互相尊重让人们可以基于实时数据作出更加灵活的决策 —— 并且它所使用的语言风格也和教育者们所习惯使用的奇怪的词汇库非常契合（这种词汇库简直是教育者们第二天性)。任何组织都可以借鉴开放组织的思维提供的实用主义方法让组织成员更加开放：分享想法和资源、拥抱以共同协作为核心的文化、通过快速制作原型来开发创新思维、基于价值（而不是提出者的职级）来评估一个想法，以及创造一种融入到组织 DNA 里的很强的社区观念。通过众包的方式，这样的开放组织不仅可以从组织内部，也能够从组织外部收集想法，创造一种可以让本地化的、以学生为中心的创新蓬勃发展的环境。
|
||||
|
||||
最重要的事情是：在快速变化的未来，我们在过去所做的事情不一定仍然适用了 —— 认清楚这一点对于创造一个不断改进的文化氛围是十分关键的。对于教育者来说，这意味着我们不能只是简单地依赖在针对工厂模型发展出来的解决方案和实践方式了。我们必须从其它行业（比如说非营利组织、军事、医疗以及商业 —— 没错，甚至是商业）里借鉴数不清的最佳方案，这样至少应该能让我们 *知道* 如何找到让学生受益最大的办法。从教育界传统的陈词滥调里超脱出来，才有机会拥有更广阔的视角。我们可以更好地顾全大局，用更客观地视角看待我们遇到的问题，同时也知道我们在什么方面已经做得很不错。
|
||||
|
||||
通过有意识地借鉴各路思想 —— 从一年级教师到纽约时报上最新的商业、管理、领导力畅销书 —— 我们可以更好地发掘和运用校内人才，以帮助我们克服阻碍了我们的学校和区域进步的制度里的惰性。
|
||||
|
||||
坚持不懈地追求不断改进这件事情，不应该只局限于那种努力在一个全球化的、创新的经济环境中争取竞争力的机构，或者是负责运营学校的少数几个人。当机构里的每一个人都能不断思考怎样才能让今天比昨天做得更好的时候，这就是一个拥有优秀的文化氛围的机构。这种非常有注重协作性和创新的文化氛围，正是我们希望在这些负责改变年轻人命运的机构身上看到的。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
我非常期待，有朝一日我能在学校里感受到这种精神，然后微笑着对自己说：“这种感觉多么似曾相识啊。”
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/open-organization/19/4/education-culture-agile
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Ben Owens][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[chen-ni](https://github.com/chen-ni)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/engineerteacher/users/ke4qqq/users/n8chz/users/don-watkins
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/EDUCATION_network.png?itok=ySEHuAQ8
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (tomjlw)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Learn Python with these awesome resources)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/5/resources-learning-python)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Don Watkins https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins)
|
||||
|
||||
通过这些精品资源学习 Python
|
||||
======
|
||||
通过将这些资源加入你自己的私人学习网络以拓展你的 Python 知识
|
||||
![书单，最爱][1]
|
||||
|
||||
我使用和教 Python 已有很长时间了，但我总是感兴趣于增加我对这门实用语言的知识。这就是为什么我一直试着拓展我的 Python [私人学习网络][2]（PLN），一个描述非正式的互惠型分享信息网络的概念。
|
||||
|
||||
教育学家 [Kelly Paredes][3] 和 [Sean Tibor][4] 最近讨论关于如何在他们的播客 [Teaching Python][5] 上搭建 Python PLN。我在克里夫兰的 [PyCon 2019][6] 遇到他们之后就订阅了这个频道（并把它们假如我的 Python PLN）。这个播客鼓励我考虑更多关于我的 Python PLN 中的人，包括那些我最近在 PyCon 遇到的。
|
||||
|
||||
我会分享一些我遇到我的 PLN 的地方；可能它们也可以变成你的 Python PLN 的一部分。
|
||||
|
||||
### Young Coders 导师
|
||||
Python 基金会的活动协调者 [Betsy Waliszewski][7] 是我的 Python PLN 中的一员。当我们在 PyCon2019 碰到彼此时，因为我是个老师她推荐我看看为十二岁及以上的孩子打造的 [Young Coders][8] 工作室。在那我遇到了负责这个教参与者如何搭建并配置树莓派并使用 Python 项目的 [Katie Cunningham][9]。年轻学生也会收到两本书 Jason Briggs 的 _[Python for Kids][10]_ 和 Craig Richardson 的 _[Learn to Program with Minecraft][11]_。我总是寻找提升我教学水平的新方式，因此我在会议上的 [NoStarch Press][12] 展台迅速拿了两本 Minecraft 书的抄本。Katie 是一名优秀的教师以及一名熟练的有着惊艳的充满 Python 培训视频的 [YouTube][13] 频道作者。
|
||||
|
||||
我把 Kattie 与另外两个我在 Young Coders 工作室碰到的人加入我的 PLN：[Nat Dunn][14] 和 [Sean Valentine][15]。像 Katie 一样，他们志愿将他们的时间用来把 Python 介绍给青年程序员。Nat 是 [Webucator][16]，一家成为 Python 软件基金会赞助商好几年并赞助了 PyCon 2018 教育峰会的 IT 培训公司的主席。他在教他的13岁儿子和14岁外甥 Python 后决定在 Young Coders 教学。Sean 是 [Hidden Genius Project][17]，一个为黑人男青年而打造的科技及领导力教导项目，的战略倡议指导。Sean 说许多 Hidden Genius 参与者“用 Python打造项目因此我们将 [Young Coders] 看成一个对合作商的好机会”。了解 Hidden Genius Project 鼓励我更深层次地思考编程的未来以及其改变生活的威力。
|
||||
|
||||
### Open Spaces 会面
|
||||
我发现 PyCon 的 [Open Spaces][18] 一小时左右的自序即兴会面跟正式的项目活动一样有用。我的最爱之一是关于 [Circuit Playground Express][19] 设备，它是我们会议主题包的一部分。我着迷于这个设备并且 Open Space 提供了学习它的一条大道。组织者提供工作表和拥有成功所需要的所有工具的 [Github][20] 仓库，也提供了一个上手学习的机会以及探索这个独特硬件的方向。
|
||||
|
||||
这次会面满足了我想要了解更多关于编程 Circuit Playground Express 的胃口，因此在 PyCon 之后， 我在 Twitter 上接触到了在会议上就有关编程这个设备发表主旨演讲的 [Nina Zakharenko][21]。Nina 自从去年秋天我在 [All Things Open][23] 上听过她的演讲就在我的 Python PLN 里了。我最近报名了她的[Python 基础][24]课程以加深我的学习。Nina 推荐我将 [Kattni Rembor][25] 加入我的 Python PLN。他的[示例代码][26]正帮助我学习用 CircuitPython 编程。
|
||||
|
||||
### 我 PLN 中的其他资源
|
||||
|
||||
我在 PyCon 2019 也遇见了下属 [Opensource.com][27] 社区的主席 [Moshe Zadka][28] 并和他来了场长谈。他分享了几个新的 Python 资源，包括 _[如何像电脑科学家一样思考][29]_ 社区主席[Seth Kenlon][30] 是我的 PLN 中的另一名成员；他发表了许多优秀的 [Python 文章][31]我也推荐你关注他。
|
||||
|
||||
我的 Python每天都在继续扩大。除了我已经提到的，我同样推荐你关注 [Al Sweigart][32]，[Eric Matthes][33]，以及 [Adafruit][34] 因为他们分享优质内容。我也推荐这本书 _[制作：由 Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 开始][35]_ 和 [Podcast.__init__][36]，一个关于 Python 社区的播客。这两个都是我从我的 PLN 中了解到的。
|
||||
|
||||
谁在你的 Python PLN 中？请在留言区分享你的最爱。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/19/5/resources-learning-python
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Don Watkins][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[tomjlw](https://github.com/tomjlw)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/reading_book_stars_list.png?itok=Iwa1oBOl (Book list, favorites)
|
||||
[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_learning_network
|
||||
[3]: https://www.teachingpython.fm/hosts/kellypared
|
||||
[4]: https://twitter.com/smtibor
|
||||
[5]: https://www.teachingpython.fm/20
|
||||
[6]: https://us.pycon.org/2019/
|
||||
[7]: https://www.linkedin.com/in/betsywaliszewski
|
||||
[8]: https://us.pycon.org/2019/events/letslearnpython/
|
||||
[9]: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kcunning/
|
||||
[10]: https://nostarch.com/pythonforkids
|
||||
[11]: https://nostarch.com/programwithminecraft
|
||||
[12]: https://nostarch.com/
|
||||
[13]: https://www.youtube.com/c/KatieCunningham
|
||||
[14]: https://www.linkedin.com/in/natdunn/
|
||||
[15]: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sean-valentine-b370349b/
|
||||
[16]: https://www.webucator.com/
|
||||
[17]: http://www.hiddengeniusproject.org/
|
||||
[18]: https://us.pycon.org/2019/events/open-spaces/
|
||||
[19]: https://www.adafruit.com/product/3333
|
||||
[20]: https://github.com/adafruit/PyCon2019
|
||||
[21]: https://twitter.com/nnja
|
||||
[22]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35mXD40SvXM
|
||||
[23]: https://allthingsopen.org/
|
||||
[24]: https://frontendmasters.com/courses/python/
|
||||
[25]: https://twitter.com/kattni
|
||||
[26]: https://github.com/kattni/ChiPy_2018
|
||||
[27]: http://Opensource.com
|
||||
[28]: https://opensource.com/users/moshez
|
||||
[29]: http://openbookproject.net/thinkcs/python/english3e/
|
||||
[30]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
|
||||
[31]: https://www.google.com/search?source=hp&ei=gVToXPq-FYXGsAW-mZ_YAw&q=site%3Aopensource.com+%22Seth+Kenlon%22+%2B+Python&oq=site%3Aopensource.com+%22Seth+Kenlon%22+%2B+Python&gs_l=psy-ab.12...627.15303..15584...1.0..0.176.2802.4j21......0....1..gws-wiz.....0..35i39j0j0i131j0i67j0i20i263.r2SAW3dxlB4
|
||||
[32]: http://alsweigart.com/
|
||||
[33]: https://twitter.com/ehmatthes?lang=en
|
||||
[34]: https://twitter.com/adafruit
|
||||
[35]: https://www.adafruit.com/product/3944
|
||||
[36]: https://www.pythonpodcast.com/episodes/
|
||||
@ -7,28 +7,28 @@
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-remove-delete-unwanted-junk-files-free-up-space-ubuntu-mint-debian/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
|
||||
|
||||
5 Easy Ways To Free Up Space (Remove Unwanted or Junk Files) on Ubuntu
|
||||
5种简单的方法来在 Ubuntu 上释放空间(移除不想要的或没有用的文件)
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
Most of us may perform this action whenever we fall into out of disk space on system.
|
||||
我们中的大多数人可能在系统磁盘存储不足的情况下执行这个操作。
|
||||
|
||||
Most of us may perform this action whenever we are running out of space on Linux system
|
||||
我们中的大多数人可能在 Linux 系统磁盘存储不足的情况下执行这个操作。
|
||||
|
||||
It should be performed frequently, to make space for installing a new application and dealing with other files.
|
||||
它应该被经常执行，来为安装一个新的应用程序和处理其它文件弥补磁盘存储空间。
|
||||
|
||||
Housekeeping is one of the routine task of Linux administrator, which allow them to maintain the disk utilization is in under threshold.
|
||||
内务处理是 Linux 管理员的一个日常任务，管理员允许内务处理在阈值下维持磁盘利用率。
|
||||
|
||||
There are several ways we can clean up our system space.
|
||||
这里有一些我们可以清理我们系统空间的方法。
|
||||
|
||||
There is no need to clean up your system when you have TB of storage capacity.
|
||||
当你有 TB 级存储容量时，不需要清理你的系统。
|
||||
|
||||
But if your have limited space then freeing up disk space becomes a necessity.
|
||||
但是，如果你空间有限，那么释放磁盘空间，变的不可避免。
|
||||
|
||||
In this article, I’ll show you some of the easiest or simple ways to clean up your Ubuntu system and get more space.
|
||||
在这篇文章中，我将向你展示一些最容易的或简单的方法来清理你的 Ubuntu 系统，获得更多空间。
|
||||
|
||||
### How To Check Free Space On Ubuntu Systems?
|
||||
### 在 Ubuntu 系统上如何检查可用的空间？
|
||||
|
||||
Use **[df Command][1]** to check current disk utilization on your system.
|
||||
在你的系统上使用 **[df 命令][1]** 来检查当前磁盘利用率。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ df -h
|
||||
@ -41,18 +41,18 @@ tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
|
||||
tmpfs 997M 0 997M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
GUI users can use “Disk Usage Analyzer tool” to view current usage.
|
||||
图形界面用户可以使用“磁盘利用率分析器工具”来查看当前利用率。
|
||||
[![][2]![][2]][3]
|
||||
|
||||
### 1) Remove The Packages That Are No Longer Required
|
||||
### 1) 移除不再需要的软件包
|
||||
|
||||
The following command removes the dependency libs and packages that are no longer required by the system.
|
||||
下面的命令移除系统不再需要依赖的库和软件包。
|
||||
|
||||
These packages were installed automatically to satisfy the dependencies of an installed package.
|
||||
这些软件包自动地安装来使一个被安装软件包满足的依赖关系。
|
||||
|
||||
Also, it removes old Linux kernels that were installed in the system.
|
||||
同样，它移除安装在系统中的旧的 Linux 内核。
|
||||
|
||||
It removes orphaned packages which are not longer needed from the system, but not purges them.
|
||||
它移除不再被系统需要的孤立的软件包，但是不清除它们。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get autoremove
|
||||
@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ After this operation, 189 MB disk space will be freed.
|
||||
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To purge them, use the `--purge` option together with the command for that.
|
||||
为清除它们，与命令一起使用 `--purge` 选项。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get autoremove --purge
|
||||
@ -90,67 +90,67 @@ After this operation, 189 MB disk space will be freed.
|
||||
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 2) Empty The Trash Can
|
||||
### 2) 清空回收站
|
||||
|
||||
There might a be chance, that you may have a large amount of useless data residing in your trash can.
|
||||
这可能有风险，你可能有大量的无用数据存在于你的回收站中。
|
||||
|
||||
It takes up your system space. This is one of the best way to clear up those and get some free space on your system.
|
||||
它占用你的系统空间。这是最好的一个方法来在你的系统上清理这些无用的数据，并获取一些可用的空间。
|
||||
|
||||
To clean up this, simple use the file manager to empty your trash can.
|
||||
为清理这些，简单地使用文件管理器来清空你的回收站。
|
||||
[![][2]![][2]][4]
|
||||
|
||||
### 3) Clean up the APT cache
|
||||
### 3) 清理 APT 缓存文件
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu uses **[APT Command][5]** (Advanced Package Tool) for package management like installing, removing, searching, etc,.
|
||||
Ubuntu 使用 **[APT 命令][5]** (高级软件包工具)用于软件包管理，像：安装，移除，搜索等等。
|
||||
|
||||
By default every Linux operating system keeps a cache of downloaded and installed packages on their respective directory.
|
||||
默认情况下，每个 Linux 操作系统在它们各自的命令保留下载和安装的软件包的缓冲。
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu also does the same, it keeps every updates it downloads and installs in a cache on your disk.
|
||||
Ubuntu 也做相同的事，它以缓冲的形式在你的磁盘上保留它下载和安装的每次更新。
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu system keeps a cache of DEB packages in /var/cache/apt/archives directory.
|
||||
Ubuntu 在 /var/cache/apt/archives 目录中保留 DEB 软件包的缓冲文件。
|
||||
|
||||
Over time, this cache can quickly grow and hold a lot of space on your system.
|
||||
随着时间推移，这些缓存可能快速增长，并在你的系统上占有很多空间。
|
||||
|
||||
Run the following command to check the current utilization of APT cache.
|
||||
运行下面的命令来检查当前 APT 缓存文件的使用率。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo du -sh /var/cache/apt
|
||||
147M /var/cache/apt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
It cleans obsolete deb-packages. I mean to say, less than clean.
|
||||
它清理过时的 deb 软件包。我想说，一点都清理不干净。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get autoclean
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
It removes all packages kept in the apt cache.
|
||||
它移除所有在 apt 缓存中的软件包。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get clean
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 4) Uninstall the unused applications
|
||||
### 4) 卸载不使用的应用程序
|
||||
|
||||
I would request you to check the installed packages and games on your system and delete them if you are using rarely.
|
||||
我可能要求你来检查在你的系统上安装的软件包和游戏，，删除它们，如果你很少使用。
|
||||
|
||||
This can be easily done via “Ubuntu Software Center”.
|
||||
这可以简单地完成，通过 “Ubuntu 软件中心”。
|
||||
[![][2]![][2]][6]
|
||||
|
||||
### 5) Clean up the thumbnail cache
|
||||
### 5) 清理缩略图缓存
|
||||
|
||||
The cache folder is a place where programs stored data they may need again, it is kept for speed but is not essential to keep. It can be generated again or downloaded again.
|
||||
缓存文件夹是程序存储它们可能再次需要的数据的地方，它是为速度保留的，而不是必需保留的。它可以被再次生成或再次下载。
|
||||
|
||||
If it’s really filling up your hard drive then you can delete things without worrying.
|
||||
假如它真的填满你的硬盘，那么你可以删除一些东西而不用担心。
|
||||
|
||||
Run the following command to check the current utilization of APT cache.
|
||||
运行下面的命令来检查当前 APT 缓存的利用率。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ du -sh ~/.cache/thumbnails/
|
||||
412K /home/daygeek/.cache/thumbnails/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Run the following command to delete them permanently from your system.
|
||||
运行下面的命令来从你的系统中永久地删除它们。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ rm -rf ~/.cache/thumbnails/*
|
||||
@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ via: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-remove-delete-unwanted-junk-files-free-up-sp
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
译者：[robsean](https://github.com/robsean)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Personal assistant with Mycroft and Fedora)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/personal-assistant-with-mycroft-and-fedora/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Clément Verna https://fedoramagazine.org/author/cverna/)
|
||||
|
||||
在 Fedora 中使用私人助理 Mycroft
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
还在找开源的私人助理么？[Mycroft][2] 让你运行开源服务，从而更好地控制你的数据。
|
||||
|
||||
### 在 Fedora 上安装 Mycroft
|
||||
|
||||
Mycroft 目前不存在于官方软件包集合中，但它可以轻松地从源码安装。第一步是从 Mycroft 的 GitHub 仓库下载源码。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ git clone https://github.com/MycroftAI/mycroft-core.git
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Mycroft 是一个 Python 应用，它提供了一个脚本负责在安装 Mycroft 及其依赖项之前创建虚拟环境。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ cd mycroft-core
|
||||
$ ./dev_setup.sh
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
安装脚本会提示用户帮助他完成安装过程。建议运行稳定版本并获取自动更新。
|
||||
|
||||
当提示在本地安装 Mimic 文字转语音引擎时，请回答否。因为根据安装描述，这可能需要很长时间，并且 Mimic 有适合 Fedora 的 rpm 包，因此可以使用 dnf 进行安装。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf install mimic
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 开始使用 Mycroft
|
||||
|
||||
安装完成后，可以使用以下脚本启动 Mycroft 服务。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ ./start-mycroft.sh all
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
要开始使用 Mycroft，需要注册运行服务的设备。因此需要一个帐户，可以在 <https://home.mycroft.ai/> 中创建。
|
||||
|
||||
创建帐户后，可以在 [https://account.mycroft.ai/devices][3] 中添加新设备。添加新设备需要配对码，你的设备会在所有服务启动后告诉你。
|
||||
|
||||
![][4]
|
||||
|
||||
现在可以使用该设备了。
|
||||
|
||||
### 使用 Mycroft
|
||||
|
||||
Mycroft 提供了一组默认启用的[技能][5]，它们或者可以从[市场][5]下载。刚开始，你可以简单地向 Mycroft 问好，或天气如何。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
Hey Mycroft, how are you ?
|
||||
|
||||
Hey Mycroft, what's the weather like ?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果你对它是如何工作的感兴趣，_start-mycroft.sh_ 脚本提供了一个_命令行_选项，它能让你使用命令行交互。它也会显示用于调试的有用信息。
|
||||
|
||||
Mycroft 总在学习新技能，并且有很多方法给 Mycroft 社区做[贡献][6]。
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
由 [Przemyslaw Marczynski][7] 摄影，发布于 [Unsplash][8]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://fedoramagazine.org/personal-assistant-with-mycroft-and-fedora/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Clément Verna][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/cverna/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/mycroft-816x345.jpg
|
||||
[2]: https://mycroft.ai/
|
||||
[3]: https://account.mycroft.ai/devices
|
||||
[4]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Screenshot_2019-06-14-Account.png
|
||||
[5]: https://market.mycroft.ai/skills
|
||||
[6]: https://mycroft.ai/contribute/
|
||||
[7]: https://unsplash.com/@pemmax?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
|
||||
[8]: https://unsplash.com/search/photos/ai?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user