diff --git a/sources/tech/20180521 Audacity quick tip- quickly remove background noise.md b/sources/tech/20180521 Audacity quick tip- quickly remove background noise.md index 25ca446a9d..c4943ba7ba 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20180521 Audacity quick tip- quickly remove background noise.md +++ b/sources/tech/20180521 Audacity quick tip- quickly remove background noise.md @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@ +translating---geekpi + Audacity quick tip: quickly remove background noise ====== diff --git a/sources/tech/20180521 Starting user software in X.md b/sources/tech/20180521 Starting user software in X.md deleted file mode 100644 index 148127c817..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20180521 Starting user software in X.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,82 +0,0 @@ -translating---geekpi - -Starting user software in X -====== - -There are currently many ways of starting software when a user session starts. - -This is an attempt to collect a list of pointers to piece the big picture together. It's partial and some parts might be imprecise or incorrect, but it's a start, and I'm happy to keep it updated if I receive corrections. - -### x11-common - -`man xsession` - - * Started by the display manager for example, `/usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/01_debian.conf` or `/etc/gdm3/Xsession` - * Debian specific - * Runs scripts in `/etc/X11/Xsession.d/` - * `/etc/X11/Xsession.d/40x11-common_xsessionrc` sources `~/.xsessionrc` which can do little more than set env vars, because it is run at the beginning of X session startup - * At the end, it starts the session manager (`gnome-session`, `xfce4-session`, and so on) - - - -### systemd --user - - * <https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd/User> - * Started by `pam_systemd`, so it might not have a DISPLAY variable set in the environment yet - * Manages units in: - * `/usr/lib/systemd/user/` where units provided by installed packages belong. - * `~/.local/share/systemd/user/` where units of packages that have been installed in the home directory belong. - * `/etc/systemd/user/` where system-wide user units are placed by the system administrator. - * `~/.config/systemd/user/` where the users put their own units. - * A trick to start a systemd user unit when the X session has been set up and the DISPLAY variable is available, is to call `systemctl start` from a `.desktop` autostart file. - - - -### dbus activation - - * <https://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/system-activation.txt> - * A user process making a dbus request can trigger starting a server program - * For systems debugging, is there a way of monitoring what services are getting dbus activated? - - - -### X session manager - - * <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_session_manager> - * Run by `x11-common`'s `Xsession.d` - * Runs freedesktop autostart .desktop files - * Runs Desktop Environment specific software - - - -### xdg autostart - - * <https://specifications.freedesktop.org/autostart-spec/autostart-spec-latest.html> - * Run by the session manager - * If `/etc/xdg/autostart/foo.desktop` and `~/.config/autostart/foo.desktop` exist then only the file `~/.config/autostart/foo.desktop` will be used because `~/.config/autostart/` is more important than `/etc/xdg/autostart/` - * Is there an ordering or is it all in parallel? - - - -### Other startup notes - -#### ~/.Xauthority - -To connect to an X server, a client needs to send a token from `~/.Xauthority`, which proves that they can read the user's provate data. - -`~/.Xauthority` contains a token generated by display manager and communicated to X at startup. - -To view its contents, use `xauth -i -f ~/.Xauthority list` - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://www.enricozini.org/blog/2018/debian/starting-user-software/ - -作者：[Enrico Zini][a] -选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:http://www.enricozini.org/ diff --git a/translated/tech/20180521 Starting user software in X.md b/translated/tech/20180521 Starting user software in X.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..fe7c906ba7 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20180521 Starting user software in X.md @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +在 X 中启动用户软件 +====== + +目前有很多方法可以在开启用户会话时启动软件。 + +这是一篇试图将所有方法聚集在一起的文章。某些部分可能不精确或不正确，但这是一个开始，如果我收到更正，我很乐意保持更新。 + +### x11-common + +`man xsession` + + * 由显示管理器启动，如 `/usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/01_debian.conf` 或 `/etc/gdm3/Xsession`。 + * Debian 特定。 + * 在 `/etc/X11/Xsession.d/` 中运行脚本。 + * `/etc/X11/Xsession.d/40x11-common_xsessionrc` 引用 `~/.xsessionrc` ，它只比设置环境变量能做的多一点，因为它在 X 会话启动时运行。 + * 最后，它启动会话管理器（`gnome-session`、`xfce4-session` 等等）。 + + + +### systemd --user + + * <https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd/User> + * 由 `pam_systemd` 启动，所以它可能在环境变量中没有 DISPLAY 变量设置。 + * 管理单元： + * `/usr/lib/systemd/user/` 由已安装的软件包提供的单元。 + * `~/.local/share/systemd/user/` 由安装在家目录的软件包提供的单元。 + * `/etc/systemd/user/` 由系统管理员提供的系统范围的用户的单元。 + * `~/.config/systemd/user/` ，用户自己放置的单元。 + * 设置 X 会话并使用 DISPLAY 变量时，启动 systemd 用户单元的技巧是从 `.desktop` 自启动文件调用 `systemctl start`。 + + + +### dbus activation + + * <https://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/system-activation.txt> + * 进行 dbus 请求的用户进程可以触发启动服务器程序。 + * 对于系统调试，有没有一种方法可以监控哪些服务正在启动 dbus？ + + + +### X 会话管理器 + + * <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_session_manager> + * 由 `x11-common` 的 `Xsession.d` 运行。 + * 运行 freedesktop autostart .desktop 文件。 + * 运行桌面环境特定的软件。 + + + +### xdg autostart + + * <https://specifications.freedesktop.org/autostart-spec/autostart-spec-latest.html> + * 由会话管理器运行 + * 如果存在 `/etc/xdg/autostart/foo.desktop` 和 `~/.config/autostart/foo.desktop` ，那么只会使用 `~/.config/autostart/foo.desktop`，因为 `~/.config/autostart/` 比 `/etc/xdg/autostart/` 更重要。 + * 是否有顺序或者并行？ + + + +### 其他启动笔记 + +#### ~/.Xauthority + +要连接到 X 服务器，客户端需要从 `~/.Xauthority` 发送一个令牌，这证明他们可以读取用户的隐私数据。 + +`~/.Xauthority` 包含显示管理器生成的一个令牌，并在启动时传递给 X。 + +要查看它的内容，请使用 `xauth -i -f ~/.Xauthority list`。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://www.enricozini.org/blog/2018/debian/starting-user-software/ + +作者：[Enrico Zini][a] +选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) +译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:http://www.enricozini.org/