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[translated]8 things to do after installing openSUSE Leap
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8 things to do after installing openSUSE Leap 42.1
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================================================================================
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Credit: [Metropolitan Transportation/Flicrk][1]
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> You've installed openSUSE on your PC. Here's what to do next.
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[openSUSE Leap is indeed a huge leap][2], allowing users to run a distro that has the same DNA of SUSE Linux Enterprise. Like any other operating system, some work is needed to get it set up for optimal use.
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Following are some of the things that I did after installing openSUSE Leap on my PC (these are not applicable for server installations). None of them are mandatory, and you may be fine with the basic install. But if you need more out of your openSUSE Leap, follow me.
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### 1. Adding Packman repository ###
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Due to software patents and licences, openSUSE, like many Linux distributions, doesn't offer many applications, codecs, and drivers through official repositories (repos). Instead, these are made available through 3rd party or community repos. The first and most important repository is 'Packman'. Since these repos are not enabled by default, we have to add them. You can do so either using YaST (one of the gems of openSUSE) or by command line (instructions below).
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Adding Packman repositories.
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Using YaST, go to the Software Repositories section. Click on the 'Add’ button and select 'Community Repositories.' Click 'next.' And once the repos are loaded, select the Packman Repository. Click 'OK,' then import the trusted GnuPG key by clicking on the 'Trust' button.
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Or, using the terminal you can add and enable the Packman repo using the following command:
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zypper ar -f -n packmanhttp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/packman/suse/openSUSE_Leap_42.1/ packman
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Once the repo is added, you have access to many more packages. To install any application or package, open YaST Software Manager, search for the package and install it.
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### 2. Install VLC ###
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VLC is the Swiss Army knife of media players and can play virtually any media file. You can install VLC from YaST Software Manager or from software.opensuse.org. You will need to install two packages: vlc and vlc-codecs.
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If using terminal, run the following command:
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sudo zypper install vlc vlc-codecs
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### 3. Install Handbrake ###
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If you need to transcode or convert your video files from one format to another, [Handbrake is the tools for you][3]. Handbrake is available through repositories we enabled, so just search for it in YaST and install.
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If you are using the terminal, run the following command:
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sudo zypper install handbrake-cli handbrake-gtk
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(Pro tip: VLC can also transcode audio and video files.)
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### 4. Install Chrome ###
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OpenSUSE comes with Firefox as the default browser. But since Firefox isn't capable of playing restricted media such as Netflix, I recommend installing Chrome. This takes some extra work. First you need to import the trusted key from Google. Open the terminal app and run the 'wget' command to download the key:
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wget https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
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Then import the key:
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sudo rpm --import linux_signing_key.pub
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Now head over to the [Google Chrome website][4] and download the 64 bit .rpm file. Once downloaded run the following command to install the browser:
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sudo zypper install /PATH_OF_GOOGLE_CHROME.rpm
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### 5. Install Nvidia drivers ###
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OpenSUSE Leap will work out of the box even if you have Nvidia or ATI graphics cards. However, if you do need the proprietary drivers for gaming or any other purpose, you can install such drivers, but some extra work is needed.
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First you need to add the Nvidia repositories; it's the same procedure we used to add Packman repositories using YaST. The only difference is that you will choose Nvidia from the Community Repositories section. Once it's added, go to **Software Management > Extras** and select 'Extras/Install All Matching Recommended Packages'.
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It will open a dialogue box showing all the packages it's going to install, click OK and follow the instructions. You can also run the following command after adding the Nvidia repository to install the needed Nvidia drivers:
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sudo zypper inr
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(Note: I have never used AMD/ATI cards so I have no experience with them.)
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### 6. Install media codecs ###
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Once you have VLC installed you won't need to install media codecs, but if you are using other apps for media playback you will need to install such codecs. Some developers have written scripts/tools which makes it a much easier process. Just go to [this page][5] and install the entire pack by clicking on the appropriate button. It will open YaST and install the packages automatically (of source you will have to give the root password and trust the GnuPG key, as usual).
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### 7. Install your preferred email client ###
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OpenSUSE comes with Kmail or Evolution, depending on the Desktop Environment you installed on the system. I run Plasma, which comes with Kmail, and this email client leaves a lot to be desired. I suggest trying Thunderbird or Evolution mail. All major email clients are available through official repositories. You can also check my [handpicked list of the best email clients for Linux][7].
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### 8. Enable Samba services from Firewall ###
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OpenSUSE offers a much more secure system out of the box, compared to other distributions. But it also requires a little bit more work for a new user. If you are using Samba protocol to share files within your local network then you will have to allow that service from the Firewall.
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Allow Samba Client and Server from Firewall settings.
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Open YaST and search for Firewall. Once in Firewall settings, go to 'Allowed Services' where you will see a drop down list under 'Service to allow.' Select 'Samba Client,' then click 'Add.' Do the same with the 'Samba Server' option. Once both are added, click 'Next,' then click 'Finish,' and now you will be able to share folders from your openSUSE system and also access other machines over the local network.
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That's pretty much all that I did on my new openSUSE system to set it up just the way I like it. If you have any questions, please feel free to ask in the comments below.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.itworld.com/article/3003865/open-source-tools/8-things-to-do-after-installing-opensuse-leap-421.html
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作者：[Swapnil Bhartiya][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.itworld.com/author/Swapnil-Bhartiya/
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[1]:https://www.flickr.com/photos/mtaphotos/11200079265/
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[2]:https://www.linux.com/news/software/applications/865760-opensuse-leap-421-review-the-most-mature-linux-distribution
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[3]:https://www.linux.com/learn/tutorials/857788-how-to-convert-videos-in-linux-using-the-command-line
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[4]:https://www.google.com/intl/en/chrome/browser/desktop/index.html#brand=CHMB&utm_campaign=en&utm_source=en-ha-na-us-sk&utm_medium=ha
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[5]:http://opensuse-community.org/
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[6]:http://www.itworld.com/article/2875981/the-5-best-open-source-email-clients-for-linux.html
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装好 openSUSE Leap 42.1 之后要做的 8 件事
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================================================================================
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致谢：[Metropolitan Transportation/Flicrk][1]
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> 你已经在你的电脑上安装了 openSUSE。这是你接下来要做的。
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[openSUSE Leap 确实是个巨大的飞跃][2]，它允许用户运行一个和 SUSE Linux 企业版拥有一样基因的发行版。和其它系统一样，在使用它之前需要做些优化设置。
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下面是一些我在安装 openSUSE 到我的电脑上之后做的一些事情（不适用于服务器）。这里面没有强制性要求的设置，基本安装对来说你也可能足够了。但如果你想获得更好的 openSUSE Leap 体验，那就跟着我往下看吧。
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### 1. 添加 Packman 仓库 ###
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由于专利和授权等原因，openSUSE 和许多 Linux 发行版一样，不通过官方仓库（repos）提供一些软件，解码器，以及驱动等。取而代之的是通过第三方或社区仓库来提供。第一个也是最重要的仓库是“Packman”。因为这些仓库不是默认启用的，我们需要添加它们。你可以通过 YaST （openSUSE 的特色之一）或者命令行完成（如下方介绍）。
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添加 Packman 仓库。
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使用 YsST，打开软件源部分。点击“添加”按钮并选择“社区仓库（Community Repositories）”。点击“下一步”。一旦仓库列表加载出来了，选择 Packman 仓库。点击“确认”，然后点击“信任”导入信任的 GnuPG 密钥。
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或者在终端里使用以下命令添加并启用 Packman 仓库：
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zypper ar -f -n packmanhttp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/packman/suse/openSUSE_Leap_42.1/ packman
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仓库添加之后，你就能接触到更多的包了。想安装任意软件或包，打开 YaST 软件管理器，搜索并安装即可。
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### 2. 安装 VLC ###
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VLC 是媒体播放器里的瑞士军刀，几乎可以播放任何媒体文件。你可以从 YaST 软件管理器 或 software.opensuse.org 安装 VLC。你需要安装两个包：vlc 和 vlc-codecs。
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如果你用终端，运行以下命令：
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sudo zypper install vlc vlc-codecs
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### 3. 安装 Handbrake ###
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如果你需要转码或转换视频文件格式，[Handbrake 是你的不二之选][3]。Handbrake 就在我们启用的仓库中，所以只要在 YaST 中搜索并安装它。
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如果你用终端，运行以下命令：
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sudo zypper install handbrake-cli handbrake-gtk
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（提示：VLC 也能转码音频和视频文件。）
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### 4. 安装 Chrome ###
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openSUSE 的默认浏览器是 Firefox。但是因为 Firefox 不能胜任播放专有媒体，比如 Netflix，我推荐安装 Chrome。这需要额外的工作。首先你需要从谷歌导入信任密钥。打开终端执行“wget”命令下载密钥：
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wget https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
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然后导入密钥：
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sudo rpm --import linux_signing_key.pub
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现在到 [Google Chrome 网站][4] 去，下载 64 位 .rpm 文件。下载完成后执行以下命令安装浏览器：
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sudo zypper install /PATH_OF_GOOGLE_CHROME.rpm
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### 5. 安装 Nvidia 驱动 ###
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即便你有 Nvidia 或 ATI 显卡，openSUSE Leap 也能够开箱即用。但是，如果你需要专有驱动来游戏或其它目的，你可以安装这些驱动，但需要一点额外的工作。
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首先你需要添加 Nvidia 源；它的步骤和使用 YaST 添加 Packman 仓库是一样的。唯一的不同是你需要在社区仓库部分选择 Nvidia。添加好了之后，到 **软件管理 > 附加** 去并选择“附加/安装所有匹配的推荐包”。
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它会打开一个对话框，显示所有将要安装的包，点击确认后按介绍操作。添加了 Nvidia 源之后你也可以通过命令安装需要的 Nvidia 驱动：
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sudo zypper inr
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（注：我没使用过 AMD/ATI 显卡，所以这方面我没有经验。）
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### 6. 安装媒体解码器 ###
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你安装 VLC 之后就不需要安装媒体解码器了，但如果你要使用其它软件来播放媒体的话就需要安装了。一些开发者写了脚本/工具来简化这个过程。打开[这个页面][5]并点击合适的按钮安装完整的包。他会打开 YaST 并自动安装包（当然通常你还需要提供 root 权限密码并信任 GnuPG 密钥）。
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### 7. 安装你偏好的电子邮件客户端 ###
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openSUSE 自带 Kmail 或 Evolution，这取决于你安装的桌面环境。我用的是 Plasma，自带 Kmail，这个邮件客户端还有许多地方有待改进。我建议可以试试 Thunderbird 或 Evolution。所有主要的邮件客户端都能在官方仓库找到。你还可以看看我的[精心挑选的 Linux 最佳邮件客户端][7]。
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### 8. 在防火墙允许 Samba 服务 ###
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相比于其它发行版，openSUSE 默认提供了更加安全的系统。但对新用户来说它也需要一点设置。如果你正在使用 Samba 协议分享文件到本地网络的话，你需要在防火墙允许该服务。
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在防火墙设置里允许 Samba 客户端和服务端
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打开 YaST 并搜索 Firewall。在防火墙设置里，到“允许的服务”那里你会在“要允许的服务”下面看到一个下拉列表。选择“Samba 客户端”，然后点击“添加”。对“Samba 服务端”也一样地添加。都添加了之后，点击“下一步”，然后点击“完成”，现在你就可以通过本地网络从你的 openSUSE 分享文件以及访问其它机器了。
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这差不多就是我以我喜欢的方式对我的新 openSUSE 系统做的所有设置了。如果你有任何问题，欢迎在评论区提问。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.itworld.com/article/3003865/open-source-tools/8-things-to-do-after-installing-opensuse-leap-421.html
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作者：[Swapnil Bhartiya][a]
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译者：[alim0x](https://github.com/alim0x)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.itworld.com/author/Swapnil-Bhartiya/
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[1]:https://www.flickr.com/photos/mtaphotos/11200079265/
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[2]:https://www.linux.com/news/software/applications/865760-opensuse-leap-421-review-the-most-mature-linux-distribution
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[3]:https://www.linux.com/learn/tutorials/857788-how-to-convert-videos-in-linux-using-the-command-line
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[4]:https://www.google.com/intl/en/chrome/browser/desktop/index.html#brand=CHMB&utm_campaign=en&utm_source=en-ha-na-us-sk&utm_medium=ha
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[5]:http://opensuse-community.org/
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[6]:http://www.itworld.com/article/2875981/the-5-best-open-source-email-clients-for-linux.html
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