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[Translated] Manage and Limit Download-Upload Bandwidth with Trickle in Linux
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Manage and Limit Download/Upload Bandwidth with Trickle in Linux
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================================================================================
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Have you ever encountered situations where one application dominated you all network bandwidth? If you have ever been in a situation where one application ate all your traffic, then you will value the role of the trickle bandwidth shaper application. Either you are a system admin or just a Linux user, you need to learn how to control the upload and download speeds for applications to make sure that your network bandwidth is not burned by a single application.
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### What is Trickle? ###
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**Trickle** is a bandwidth shaper tool which can be used to limit the bandwidth usage of programs such as **Firefox, FTP , SSH** and many other applications that make use of the network bandwidth. Do you want your **Youtube** music experience to interfere with the ftp download? If not, keep reading this article and learn how to install and use the trickle application in your machine.
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### How to Install Trickle in Linux ###
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The trickle tool has its own dependencies, you must have the “**libevent library**” before you can install and use trickle but since this library is installed by default in most modern Linux machines.
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#### On Debian/Ubuntu/Linux Mint ####
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Run **apt-get install** trickle will do the job in **Debian/Ubuntu/Mint** machines. Make sure the sources list is up to date, then install the application you want.
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$ sudo apt-get update
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$ sudo apt-get install trickle
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#### On RHEL/CentOS/Fedora ####
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First you need to update the system and then install trickle with the following command.
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# yum update
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# yum install trickle
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### How Trickle Works? ###
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Trickle controls and limits the **upload/download** speed of an application by controlling the amount of data written or read by a socket. It uses an alternative version of the the **BSD** socket API, but the difference is that trickle manages socket calls also.
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Note that trickle uses dynamic linking and loading, so it can only work with applications that use the “Glibc library“. Since trickle is able to set up the delay of data transferred over a socket, it is clear that it can limit the network bandwidth of an application.
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### What Can’t Trickle do? ###
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Trickle can not be use to limit the network bandwidth of applications that work over **UDP** protocol, it can only work on **TCP** connections, but you have to know that it does not work with all **TCP** connections. If you have followed this article carefully until now, you can guess the reason why. Can you recall the fact that tickle can work with applications that use the **Glibc library**?
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I have to mention that trickle will not work with statically linked executables.
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### Determine Trickle to Run on a Specified Application Or Not ###
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Since trickle can not limit the **upload/download** speed of every application, it is reasonable to use a method for finding out the applications that the trickle can work with.
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The “**ldd**” utility will help us to find if a specific program uses the “**libc.so**” library or not. If the program uses this library, then you can use trickle to limit its network bandwidth usage.
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The **ldd** command is used to print the shared libraries required by each program. If you are a curious **Linux Geek**, you can use the man command to find out more information about the **ldd** utility.
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# man ldd
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**Filezilla** is a program which is used to transfer files through the ftp protocol, can trickle be used to limit its download or upload speed? At the time you are thinking about it, I will use the following command to find out if trickle can be used with filezilla program, or not.
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# ldd filezilla | grep libc.so
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In my case, it produces the following output.
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oltjano@oltjano-X55CR:/usr/bin$ ldd filezilla | grep libc.so
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libc.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0xb6bc4000)
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Since filezilla uses the “**libc.so**” library, trickle can be used to shape its network bandwidth. This method can be applied the same way for every program you are interested in.
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### Learn How to Use Trickle ###
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Print the **version** of the trickle tool with the following command.
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root@oltjano-X55CR:~# trickle -V
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trickle: version 1.07
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Linux have many command-line utilities that make testing (experimenting) so fun and beautiful. The following command uses the [wget utility][1] to download the latest Pear OS image.
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root@oltjano-X55CR:~# wget wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pearoslinux/files/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso/download
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--2013-11-20 11:56:32-- http://sourceforge.net/projects/pearoslinux/files/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso/download
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Resolving sourceforge.net (sourceforge.net)... 216.34.181.60
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Connecting to sourceforge.net (sourceforge.net)|216.34.181.60|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
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Location: http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso?r=&ts=1384928843&use_mirror=kaz [following]
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--2013-11-20 11:56:33-- http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso?r=&ts=1384928843&use_mirror=kaz
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Resolving downloads.sourceforge.net (downloads.sourceforge.net)... 216.34.181.59
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Connecting to downloads.sourceforge.net (downloads.sourceforge.net)|216.34.181.59|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
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Location: http://kaz.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso [following]
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--2013-11-20 11:56:33-- http://kaz.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso
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Resolving kaz.dl.sourceforge.net (kaz.dl.sourceforge.net)... 88.204.157.163
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Connecting to kaz.dl.sourceforge.net (kaz.dl.sourceforge.net)|88.204.157.163|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
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Length: 1093664768 (1.0G) [application/octet-stream]
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Saving to: ‘download’
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0% [ ] 30,78,278 381KB/s eta 1h 50m
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As you can see from above output, the download speed is about **381 KB/s**. I want to limit the download speed to **13 K/s** so I can use my bandwidth for other stuff. The following command is used to limit the speed of the Wget utility to **13 K/s**.
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root@oltjano-X55CR:~# trickle -d 13 wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pearoslinux/files/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso/download
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ravisaive@ravisaive-OptiPlex-380:~$ trickle -d 13 wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pearoslinux/files/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso/download
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--2013-11-20 12:01:19-- http://sourceforge.net/projects/pearoslinux/files/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso/download
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Resolving sourceforge.net (sourceforge.net)... 216.34.181.60
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Connecting to sourceforge.net (sourceforge.net)|216.34.181.60|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
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Location: http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso?r=&ts=1384929129&use_mirror=kaz [following]
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--2013-11-20 12:01:19-- http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso?r=&ts=1384929129&use_mirror=kaz
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Resolving downloads.sourceforge.net (downloads.sourceforge.net)... 216.34.181.59
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Connecting to downloads.sourceforge.net (downloads.sourceforge.net)|216.34.181.59|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
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Location: http://kaz.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso [following]
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--2013-11-20 12:01:20-- http://kaz.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso
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Resolving kaz.dl.sourceforge.net (kaz.dl.sourceforge.net)... 88.204.157.163
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Connecting to kaz.dl.sourceforge.net (kaz.dl.sourceforge.net)|88.204.157.163|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
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Length: 1093664768 (1.0G) [application/octet-stream]
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Saving to: ‘download.1’
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0% [ ] 2,01,550 13.1KB/s eta 21h 5m
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As you can see from above output, the downloading speed is limited to **13K/s**. The download will take **21h** and **5m**. The “**-d**” option in the above command means download, you can also combine the “**-d**” option with the upload option (**-u**) like shown in the following command.
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# trickle -u 100 -d 50 ftp
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The above command is used to limit the upload speed to **100K/s** and download speed to **50K/s** of a **ftp client**. You can also limit the bandwidth for all commands running in a single shell with the following command.
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trickle -d 130 -u 13 bash
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Every command-line utility offers help to the user, use the “-h” option with the trickle command to find more information about the trickle tool usage.
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root@oltjano-X55CR:/usr/bin# trickle -h
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Usage: trickle [-hvVs] [-d <rate>] [-u <rate>] [-w <length>] [-t <seconds>]
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[-l <length>] [-n <path>] command ...
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-h Help (this)
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-v Increase verbosity level
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-V Print trickle version
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-s Run trickle in standalone mode independent of trickled
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-d <rate> Set maximum cumulative download rate to <rate> KB/s
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-u <rate> Set maximum cumulative upload rate to <rate> KB/s
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-w <length> Set window length to <length> KB
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-t <seconds> Set default smoothing time to <seconds> s
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-l <length> Set default smoothing length to <length> KB
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-n <path> Use trickled socket name <path>
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-L <ms> Set latency to <ms> milliseconds
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-P <path> Preload the specified .so instead of the default one
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### Conclusion ###
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This article taught how to install trickle tool in your Linux machine and how to do some simple things with it. It does no matter if you work for a large corporate or just for yourself, the trickle tool is a must for an advanced Linux user.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/manage-and-limit-downloadupload-bandwidth-with-trickle-in-linux/
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-wget-command-examples-in-linux/
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@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
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Linux 下使用Trickle管理和限制下载/上传带宽
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================================================================================
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你有没有遇到过一个程序占用了你所有的网络带宽的情况？如果你遇到过，那么你就需要限制带宽的应用。或者你是一个系统管理员或者只是一名Linux用户，你需要学习如何控制应用的上传和下载速度来确保你的网络带宽不会被一个程序耗光。
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### Trickle 是什么? ###
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**Trickle**是一款用来限制如**Firefox, FTP , SSH**和其他程序带宽使用的带宽限制工具来确保网络带宽。你希望你的**Youtube**音乐体验影响到你的ftp下载么？不过不想，继续阅读这篇文章，你会学到如何安装和使用trickle在你的机器上。
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### 怎样在Linux上安装Trickle ###
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trickle有它自己的依赖，你必须在安装和使用trickle之前安装了“**libevent 库**”，但这个在大多数现在Linux机器上已经默认安装。
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#### 在 Debian/Ubuntu/Linux Mint 上####
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在**Debian/Ubuntu/Mint** 机器上运行 **apt-get install trickle**会有效。请确保源列表已经更新，接着安装你想要的应用。
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$ sudo apt-get update
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$ sudo apt-get install trickle
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#### 在 RHEL/CentOS/Fedora 上####
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首先你需要更新系统接着使用接下来的命令安装trickle。
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# yum update
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# yum install trickle
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### Trickle如何工作? ###
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Trickle通过控制某个socket数据的写入和读取数量来控制和限制应用的**上传/下载**速度。它使用另一个版本的**BSD**套接字API，但是区别是trickle还管理socket调用。
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要注意的是trickle使用动态链接和加载，所以它只对于使用"Glibc库"的程序有用。由于trickle可以设置数据在socket的传输延迟，因此它明显可以用来限制一个应用的网络带宽。
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### Trickle不能做什么？ ###
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Trickle不能限制使用**UDP**协议的应用的带宽，它只可用于**TCP**连接，但是你要知道它也并不是可以工作在所有的**TCP**连接。如果你到现在仔细地看了这篇文章，你可以猜到原因是什么。你能回忆起trickle可以工作在使用**Glibc库**应用的事实么？
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我不得说一下trickle无法工作在使用静态链接的可执行程序上。
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### 确定Trickle是否可运行在某个特定应用上 ###
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既然trickle无法显示每个应用的**上传/下载**速度，那么有理由要使用一个方法来找出trickle可以工作的应用。
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**ldd**工具可以帮我们找出某个特定的程序是否使用了**libc.so**库。如果程序使用了这个库，那么你可以使用trickle来限制它的网络带宽使用。
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**ldd**命令被用来打印每个程序需要的共享库。如果你是一个好奇的**Linux Geek**，那么你可以使用man命令来找出关于ldd工具的更多信息。
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# man ldd
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**Filezilla**是一款使用ftp协议传输文件的程序，trickle可以用来限制它的下载或者上传速度么？在你考虑的时候，我使用以下的命令来找出trickle是否可用在filezilla。
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# ldd filezilla | grep libc.so
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就我而言，它输出了如下:
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oltjano@oltjano-X55CR:/usr/bin$ ldd filezilla | grep libc.so
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libc.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0xb6bc4000)
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既然filezilla使用了“**libc.so**”库，那么trickle可以用来限制它的网络带宽。这个方法可以用在任何你感兴趣的程序上。
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### 学习如何使用Trickle ###
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打印下面的命令打印trickle工具的**版本**。
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root@oltjano-X55CR:~# trickle -V
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trickle: version 1.07
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Linux有很多命令行工具使得测试(实验)变得有趣和美丽。下载的命令使用[wget 工具][1]来下载最新的Pear OS镜像
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root@oltjano-X55CR:~# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pearoslinux/files/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso/download
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--2013-11-20 11:56:32-- http://sourceforge.net/projects/pearoslinux/files/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso/download
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Resolving sourceforge.net (sourceforge.net)... 216.34.181.60
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Connecting to sourceforge.net (sourceforge.net)|216.34.181.60|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
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Location: http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso?r=&ts=1384928843&use_mirror=kaz [following]
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--2013-11-20 11:56:33-- http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso?r=&ts=1384928843&use_mirror=kaz
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Resolving downloads.sourceforge.net (downloads.sourceforge.net)... 216.34.181.59
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Connecting to downloads.sourceforge.net (downloads.sourceforge.net)|216.34.181.59|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
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Location: http://kaz.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso [following]
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--2013-11-20 11:56:33-- http://kaz.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso
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Resolving kaz.dl.sourceforge.net (kaz.dl.sourceforge.net)... 88.204.157.163
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Connecting to kaz.dl.sourceforge.net (kaz.dl.sourceforge.net)|88.204.157.163|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
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Length: 1093664768 (1.0G) [application/octet-stream]
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Saving to: ‘download’
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0% [ ] 30,78,278 381KB/s eta 1h 50m
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如你所见的输出，下载速度大约是**381 KB/s**。我想限制下载速度到**13 K/s**，这样我就可以用我的带宽做其他的事情了。下面的命令用来限制wget速度到**13 K/s**。
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root@oltjano-X55CR:~# trickle -d 13 wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pearoslinux/files/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso/download
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ravisaive@ravisaive-OptiPlex-380:~$ trickle -d 13 wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pearoslinux/files/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso/download
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--2013-11-20 12:01:19-- http://sourceforge.net/projects/pearoslinux/files/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso/download
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Resolving sourceforge.net (sourceforge.net)... 216.34.181.60
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Connecting to sourceforge.net (sourceforge.net)|216.34.181.60|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
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Location: http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso?r=&ts=1384929129&use_mirror=kaz [following]
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--2013-11-20 12:01:19-- http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso?r=&ts=1384929129&use_mirror=kaz
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Resolving downloads.sourceforge.net (downloads.sourceforge.net)... 216.34.181.59
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Connecting to downloads.sourceforge.net (downloads.sourceforge.net)|216.34.181.59|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
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Location: http://kaz.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso [following]
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--2013-11-20 12:01:20-- http://kaz.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pearoslinux/Pear%20OS%208/pearos8-i386.iso
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Resolving kaz.dl.sourceforge.net (kaz.dl.sourceforge.net)... 88.204.157.163
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Connecting to kaz.dl.sourceforge.net (kaz.dl.sourceforge.net)|88.204.157.163|:80... connected.
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HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
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Length: 1093664768 (1.0G) [application/octet-stream]
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Saving to: ‘download.1’
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0% [ ] 2,01,550 13.1KB/s eta 21h 5m
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如你所见的输出，下载速度被限制到了**13K/s**。下载将会持续**21小时5分钟**。上面的“**-d**”意味着下载，你可以像下面的命令那样结合使用 “**-d**”选项和上传选项(**-u**)。
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# trickle -u 100 -d 50 ftp
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上面的命令来限制**ftp 客户端**的上传速度为**100K/s**，下载速度为**50K/s**。你还可以在一个bash里面限制所有的命令的带宽。
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trickle -d 130 -u 13 bash
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每个命令行工具对用户提供了帮助，使用trickle命令使用"-h"选项来找出更多trickle工具的用法。
|
||||
|
||||
root@oltjano-X55CR:/usr/bin# trickle -h
|
||||
|
||||
Usage: trickle [-hvVs] [-d <rate>] [-u <rate>] [-w <length>] [-t <seconds>]
|
||||
[-l <length>] [-n <path>] command ...
|
||||
-h Help (this)
|
||||
-v Increase verbosity level
|
||||
-V Print trickle version
|
||||
-s Run trickle in standalone mode independent of trickled
|
||||
-d <rate> Set maximum cumulative download rate to <rate> KB/s
|
||||
-u <rate> Set maximum cumulative upload rate to <rate> KB/s
|
||||
-w <length> Set window length to <length> KB
|
||||
-t <seconds> Set default smoothing time to <seconds> s
|
||||
-l <length> Set default smoothing length to <length> KB
|
||||
-n <path> Use trickled socket name <path>
|
||||
-L <ms> Set latency to <ms> milliseconds
|
||||
-P <path> Preload the specified .so instead of the default one
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结 ###
|
||||
|
||||
本篇文章教你如何安装trickle工具在你的Linux机器上，并用它如何做一些简单的事情。无论你为大公司还是为你自己，trickle都是高级Linux用户的必备工具。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/manage-and-limit-downloadupload-bandwidth-with-trickle-in-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-wget-command-examples-in-linux/
|
||||
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user