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translating---geekpi
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GoTTY – Share Your Linux Terminal (TTY) as a Web Application
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============================================================
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GoTTY is a simple GoLang based command line tool that enables you to share your terminal(TTY) as a web application. It turns command line tools into web applications.
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It employs Chrome OS’ terminal emulator (hterm) to execute a JavaScript based terminal on a web browsers. And importantly, GoTTY runs a web socket server that basically transfers output from the TTYto clients and receives input from clients (that is if input from clients is permitted) and forwards it to the TTY.
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Its architecture (hterm + web socket idea) was inspired by [Wetty program][1] which enables terminal over HTTP and HTTPS.
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#### Prerequisites:
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You should have [GoLang (Go Programming Language)][2] environment installed in Linux to run GoTTY.
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### How To Install GoTTY in Linux Systems
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If you already have a [working GoLang environment][3], run the go get command below to install it:
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```
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# go get github.com/yudai/gotty
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```
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The command above will install the GoTTY binary in your GOBIN environment variable, try to check if that is the case:
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```
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# $GOPATH/bin/
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```
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[
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][4]
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Check GOBIN Environment
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### How To Use GoTTY in Linux
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To run it, you can use the GOBIN env variable and command auto-completion feature as follows:
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```
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# $GOBIN/gotty
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```
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Else, run GoTTY or any other Go program without typing the full path to the binary, add your GOBIN variable to PATH in the `~/.profile` file using the export command below:
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```
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export PATH="$PATH:$GOBIN"
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```
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Save the file and close it. Then source the file to effect the changes above:
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```
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# source ~/.profile
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```
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The general syntax for running GoTTY commands is:
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```
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Usage: gotty [options] <Linux command here> [<arguments...>]
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```
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Now run GoTTY with any command such as the [df command][5] to view system disk partitions space and usage from the web browser:
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```
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# gotty df -h
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```
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GoTTY will start a web server at port 8080 by default. Then open the URL: `http://127.0.0.1:8080/`on your web browser and you will see the running command as if it were running on your terminal:
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[
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][6]
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Gotty Linux Disk Usage
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### How To Customize GoTTY in Linux
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You can alter default options and your terminal (hterm) in the profile file `~/.gotty`, it will load this file by default in case it exists.
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This is the main customization file read by gotty commands, so, create it as follows:
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```
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# touch ~/.gotty
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```
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And set your own valid values for the config options (find all config options here) to customize GoTTY for example:
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```
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// Listen at port 9000 by default
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port = "9000"
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// Enable TSL/SSL by default
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enable_tls = true
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// hterm preferences
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// Smaller font and a little bit bluer background color
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preferences {
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font_size = 5,
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background_color = "rgb(16, 16, 32)"
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}
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```
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You can set your own index.html file using the `--html` option from the command line:
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```
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# gotty --index /path/to/index.html uptime
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```
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### How to Use Security Features in GoTTY
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Because GoTTY doesn’t offer reliable security by default, you need to manually use certain security features explained below.
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#### Permit Clients to Run Commands/Type Input in Terminal
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Note that, by default, GoTTY doesn’t permit clients to type input into the TTY, it only enables window resizing.
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However, you can use the `-w` or `--permit-write` option to allow clients to write to the TTY, which is not recommended due to security threats to the server.
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The following command will use [vi command line editor][7] to open the file fossmint.txt for editing in the web browser:
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```
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# gotty -w vi fossmint.txt
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```
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Below is the vi interface as seen from the web browser (use vi commands here as usual):
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[
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][8]
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Gotty Web Vi Editor
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#### Use GoTTY with Basic (Username and Password) Authentication
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Try to activate a basic authentication mechanism, where clients will be required to input the specified username and password to connect to the GoTTY server.
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The command below will restrict client access using the `-c` option to ask users for specified credentials (username: test and password: @67890):
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```
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# gotty -w -p "9000" -c "test@67890" glances
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```
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[
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][9]
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Gotty with Basic Authentication
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#### Gotty Generate Random URL
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Another way of restricting access to the server is by using the `-r` option. Here, GoTTY will generate a random URL so that only users who know the URL can get access to the server.
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Also use the –title-format “GoTTY – {{ .Command }} ({{ .Hostname }})” option to define the web browsers interface title and [glances command][10] is used to show system monitoring stats:
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```
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# gotty -r --title-format "GoTTY - {{ .Command }} ({{ .Hostname }})" glances
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```
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The following is result of the command above as seen from the web browser interface:
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[
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][11]
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Gotty Random URL for Glances Linux Monitoring
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#### Use GoTTY with SSL/TLS
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Because by default, all connections between the server and clients are not encrypted, when you send secret information through GoTTY such as user credentials or any other info, you have to use the `-t` or `--tls` option which enables TLS/SSL on the session:
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GoTTY will by default read the certificate file `~/.gotty.crt` and key file `~/.gotty.key`, therefore, start by creating a self-signed certification as well as the key file using the openssl command below (answer the question asked in order to generate the cert and key files):
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```
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# openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout ~/.gotty.key -out ~/.gotty.crt
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```
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Then use GoTTY in a secure way with SSL/TLS enabled as follows:
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```
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# gotty -tr --title-format "GoTTY - {{ .Command }} ({{ .Hostname }})" glances
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```
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#### Share Your Terminal With Multiple Clients
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You can make use of [terminal multiplexers][12] for sharing a single process with multiple clients, the following command will start a new [tmux session][13] named gotty with [glances command][14] (make sure you have tmux installed):
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```
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# gotty tmux new -A -s gotty glances
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```
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To read a different config file, use the –config “/path/to/file” option like so:
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```
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# gotty -tr --config "~/gotty_new_config" --title-format "GoTTY - {{ .Command }} ({{ .Hostname }})" glances
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```
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To display the GoTTY version, run the command:
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```
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# gotty -v
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```
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Visit the GoTTY GitHub repository to find more usage examples: [https://github.com/yudai/gotty][15]
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That’s all! Have you tried it out? How do you find GoTTY? Share your thoughts with us via the feedback form below.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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作者简介：
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Aaron Kili is a Linux and F.O.S.S enthusiast, an upcoming Linux SysAdmin, web developer, and currently a content creator for TecMint who loves working with computers and strongly believes in sharing knowledge.
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----------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/gotty-share-linux-terminal-in-web-browser/
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作者：[ Aaron Kili][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/access-linux-server-terminal-in-web-browser-using-wetty/
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[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-go-in-linux/
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-go-in-linux/
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[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Check-Go-Environment.png
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[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-check-disk-space-in-linux/
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[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Gotty-Linux-Disk-Usage.png
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[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/vi-editor-usage/
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[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Gotty-Web-Vi-Editor.png
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[9]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Gotty-use-basic-authentication.png
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[10]:http://www.tecmint.com/glances-an-advanced-real-time-system-monitoring-tool-for-linux/
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[11]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Gotty-Random-URL-for-Glances-Linux-Monitoring.png
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[12]:http://www.tecmint.com/tmux-to-access-multiple-linux-terminals-inside-a-single-console/
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[13]:http://www.tecmint.com/tmux-to-access-multiple-linux-terminals-inside-a-single-console/
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[14]:http://www.tecmint.com/glances-an-advanced-real-time-system-monitoring-tool-for-linux/
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[15]:https://github.com/yudai/gotty
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[16]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
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[17]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
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[18]:http://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/
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@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
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GoTTY - 在 web 中共享你的 Linux 终端（TTY）
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============================================================
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GoTTY 是一个简单的基于 Go 语言的命令行工具，它可以将你的终端 （TTY） 作为 web 程序共享。它会将命令行工具转换为 web 程序。
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它使用 Chrome OS 的终端仿真器（hterm）来在 Web 浏览器上执行基于 JavaScript 的终端。重要的是，GoTTY 运行了一个 Web 套接字服务器，它基本上是将 TTY 的输出传输给客户端，并从客户端接收输入（即允许客户端的输入），并将其转发给 TTY。
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它的架构（hterm + web socket 的想法）灵感来自[ Wetty 项目][1]，它使终端能够通过 HTTP 和 HTTPS 使用。
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#### 先决条件：
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你需要在 Linux 中安装 [ GoLang (Go 编程语言)][2] 环境来运行 GoTTY。
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### 如何在 Linux 中安装 GoTTY
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I如果你已经有一个[工作的 Go 语言环境][3]，运行下面的 go get 命令来安装它：
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```
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# go get github.com/yudai/gotty
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```
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上面的命令会在你的 GOBIN 环境变量中安装 GOTTY 的二进制，尝试检查下是否如此：
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```
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# $GOPATH/bin/
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```
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[
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][4]
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检查 GOBIN 环境
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### 如何在 Linux 中使用 GoTTY
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要运行它，你可以使用 GOBIN 环境变量并用命令补全：
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```
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# $GOBIN/gotty
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```
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另外，要不带完整命令路径运行 GoTTY 或其他 Go 程序，使用 export 命令将 GOBIN 变量添加到 `~/.profile` 文件中的 PATH 中。
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```
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export PATH="$PATH:$GOBIN"
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```
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保存文件并关闭。接着运行 source 来使更改生效：
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```
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# source ~/.profile
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```
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运行 GoTTY 命令的常规语法是：
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```
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Usage: gotty [options] <Linux command here> [<arguments...>]
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```
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现在用 GoTTY 运行任意命令，如 [df][5] 来从 Web 浏览器中查看系统分区空间及使用率。
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```
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# gotty df -h
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```
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GoTTY 默认会在 8080 启动一个 Web 服务器。在浏览器中打开 URL：`http://127.0.0.1:8080/`，你会看到运行的命令仿佛运行在终端中一样：
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[
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][6]
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Gotty Linux 磁盘使用率
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### 如何在 Linux 中自定义 GoTTY
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你可以在 `~/.gotty` 配置文件中修改默认选项以及终端，如果存在，它会在每次启动时加载这个文件。
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这是由 getty 命令读取的主自定义文件，因此，按如下方式创建：
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```
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# touch ~/.gotty
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```
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并为配置选项设置你自己的有效值（在此处查找所有配置选项）以自定义 GoTTY，例如：
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```
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// Listen at port 9000 by default
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port = "9000"
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// Enable TSL/SSL by default
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enable_tls = true
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// hterm preferences
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// Smaller font and a little bit bluer background color
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preferences {
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font_size = 5,
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background_color = "rgb(16, 16, 32)"
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}
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```
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你可以使用命令行中的 “--html” 选项设置你自己的 index.html 文件：
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```
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# gotty --index /path/to/index.html uptime
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```
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### 如何在 GoTTY 中使用安全功能
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由于 GoTTY 默认不提供可靠的安全，你需要手动使用下面说明的某些安全功能。
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#### 允许客户端在终端中运行命令
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请注意，默认情况下，GoTTY 不允许客户端输入到TTY中，它只能启用窗口调整。
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但是，你可以使用 `-w` 或 `--permit-write` 选项来允许客户端写入 TTY，但是并不推荐这么做因为会有安全威胁。
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以下命令会使用[ vi 命令行编辑器][7]在 Web 浏览器中打开文件 fossmint.txt 进行编辑：
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```
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# gotty -w vi fossmint.txt
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```
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||||
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||||
以下是从 Web 浏览器看到的 vi 界面（像平常一样使用 vi 命令）：
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[
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][8]
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Gotty Web Vi 编辑器
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#### 使用基本（用户名和密码）验证运行 GoTTY
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尝试激活基本身份验证机制，这样客户端将需要输入指定的用户名和密码才能连接到 GoTTY 服务器。
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以下命令使用 `-c` 选项限制客户端访问，以向用户询问指定的凭据（用户名：test 密码：@67890）：
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```
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# gotty -w -p "9000" -c "test@67890" glances
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||||
```
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[
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||||
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][9]
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使用基本验证运行 GoTTY
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#### Gotty 生成随机 URL
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限制访问服务器的另一种方法是使用 `-r` 选项。GoTTY 会生成一个随机 URL，这样只有知道该 URL 的用户才可以访问该服务器。
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还可以使用 -title-format “GoTTY – {{ .Command }} ({{ .Hostname }})” 选项来定义浏览器标题，[glances][10] 用于显示系统监控统计信息：
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|
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```
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||||
# gotty -r --title-format "GoTTY - {{ .Command }} ({{ .Hostname }})" glances
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```
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||||
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||||
以下是从浏览器中看到的上面的命令的结果：
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||||
|
||||
[
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|
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][11]
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使用 Gotty 随机 URL 用于 Glances 系统监控
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#### 带有 SSL/TLS 使用 GoTTY
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因为默认情况下服务器和客户端之间的所有连接都不加密，当你通过 GoTTY 发送秘密信息（如用户凭据或任何其他信息）时，你需要使用 “-t” 或 “--tls” 选项才能在会话中启用 TLS/SSL：
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默认情况下，GoTTY 会读取证书文件 `~/.gotty.crt` 和密钥文件 `~/.gotty.key`，因此，首先使用下面的 openssl 命令创建一个自签名的证书以及密钥（ 回答问题以生成证书和密钥文件）：
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```
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# openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout ~/.gotty.key -out ~/.gotty.crt
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||||
```
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||||
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按如下所示，通过启用 SSL/TLS，以安全方式使用GoTTY：
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||||
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```
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# gotty -tr --title-format "GoTTY - {{ .Command }} ({{ .Hostname }})" glances
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||||
```
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||||
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#### 与多个客户端分享你的终端
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你可以使用[终端复用程序][12]来与多个客户端共享一个进程，以下命令会启动一个名为 gotty 的新[ tmux 会话][13]来运行 [glances][14]（确保你安装了 tmux）：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# gotty tmux new -A -s gotty glances
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
要读取不同的配置文件，像下面那样使用 –config “/path/to/file” 选项：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# gotty -tr --config "~/gotty_new_config" --title-format "GoTTY - {{ .Command }} ({{ .Hostname }})" glances
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
要显示 GoTTY 版本，运行命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# gotty -v
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
访问 GoTTY GitHub 仓库以查找更多使用示例：[https://github.com/yudai/gotty][15]
|
||||
|
||||
就这样了！你有尝试过了吗？如何找到GoTTY？通过下面的反馈栏与我们分享你的想法。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
作者简介：
|
||||
|
||||
Aaron Kili 是 Linux 和 F.O.S.S 爱好者，即将成为 Linux SysAdmin 和网络开发人员，目前是 TecMint 的内容创作者，他喜欢在电脑上工作，并坚信分享知识。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/gotty-share-linux-terminal-in-web-browser/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[ Aaron Kili][a]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/access-linux-server-terminal-in-web-browser-using-wetty/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-go-in-linux/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-go-in-linux/
|
||||
[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Check-Go-Environment.png
|
||||
[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-check-disk-space-in-linux/
|
||||
[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Gotty-Linux-Disk-Usage.png
|
||||
[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/vi-editor-usage/
|
||||
[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Gotty-Web-Vi-Editor.png
|
||||
[9]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Gotty-use-basic-authentication.png
|
||||
[10]:http://www.tecmint.com/glances-an-advanced-real-time-system-monitoring-tool-for-linux/
|
||||
[11]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Gotty-Random-URL-for-Glances-Linux-Monitoring.png
|
||||
[12]:http://www.tecmint.com/tmux-to-access-multiple-linux-terminals-inside-a-single-console/
|
||||
[13]:http://www.tecmint.com/tmux-to-access-multiple-linux-terminals-inside-a-single-console/
|
||||
[14]:http://www.tecmint.com/glances-an-advanced-real-time-system-monitoring-tool-for-linux/
|
||||
[15]:https://github.com/yudai/gotty
|
||||
[16]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
|
||||
[17]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
|
||||
[18]:http://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user