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geekpi
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Pekwm: A lightweight Linux desktop)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/12/pekwm-linux-desktop)
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[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
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Pekwm: A lightweight Linux desktop
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======
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This article is part of a special series of 24 days of Linux desktops.
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If you're a minimalist who finds traditional desktops get in your way,
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try the Pekwm Linux desktop.
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![Penguin with green background][1]
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Let's say you want a lightweight desktop environment, with just enough to get graphics on the screen, move some windows around, and not much else. You find traditional desktops get in your way, with their notifications and taskbars and system trays. You want to live your life primarily from a terminal, but you also want the luxury of launching graphical applications. If that sounds like you, then [Pekwm][2] may be what you've been looking for all along.
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Pekwm is, presumably, inspired by the likes of Window Maker and Fluxbox. It provides an application menu, window decoration, and not a whole lot more. It's ideal for minimalists—users who want to conserve resources and users who prefer to work from a terminal.
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Install Pekwm from your distribution's software repository. After installing, log out of your current desktop session so you can log into your new desktop. By default, your session manager (KDM, GDM, LightDM, or XDM, depending on your setup) will continue to log you into your previous desktop, so you must override that before logging in.
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To override the previous desktop on GDM:
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![Selecting your desktop in GDM][3]
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And on KDM:
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![Selecting your desktop in KDM][4]
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The first time you log into Pekwm, you may encounter nothing but a black screen. Believe it or not, that's normal. What you're seeing is a blank desktop without background wallpaper. You can set a wallpaper with the **feh** command (you may need to install it from your repository). This command has a few options for setting the background, including **\--bg-fill** to fill the screen with your wallpaper, **\--bg-scale** to scale it to fit, and so on.
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```
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`$ feh --bg-fill ~/Pictures/wallpapers/mybackground.jpg`
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```
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### Application menu
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By default, Pekwm auto-generates a menu, available with a right-click anywhere on the desktop, that gives you access to applications. This menu also provides a few preference settings, such as the ability to pick a theme and to log out of your Pekwm session.
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![Pekwm running on Fedora][5]
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### Configuration
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Pekwm is primarily configured in text config files stored in **$HOME/.pekwm**. The **menu** file defines your application menu, the **keys** file defines keyboard shortcuts, and so on.
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The **start** file is a shell script that is executed after Pekwm launches. It is analogous to the **rc.local** file on a traditional Unix system; it's intentionally last in line, so whatever you put into it overrides everything that came before it. This is an important file—it's probably where you want to set your background so that _your_ choice overrides the default on the theme you're using.
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The **start** file is also where you can launch dockapps. Dockapps are tiny applets that rose to prominence with Window Maker and Fluxbox. They usually provide network monitors, a clock, audio settings, and other things you might be used to seeing in a system tray or as a KDE plasmoid or widget in a full desktop environment. You might find some dockapps in your distribution's repository, or you can look for them online at [dockapps.net][6].
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You can launch dockapps at startup by listing them in the **start** file followed by an **&** symbol:
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```
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feh --bg-fill ~/Pictures/wallpapers/mybackground.jpg
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wmnd &
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bubblemon -d &
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```
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The **start** file must be [marked executable][7] for it to run when Pekwm starts.
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```
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`$ chmod +x $HOME/.pekwm/start`
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```
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### Features
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There's not much to Pekwm, and that's the beauty of it. If you want extra services to run on your desktop, it's up to you to launch them. If you're still learning Linux, this is a great way to learn about the minute GUI components you usually don't think about when they come bundled with a complete desktop environment (like [a taskbar][8]). It's also a good way to get used to some of the Linux commands, like [nmcli][9], that you've been meaning to learn.
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Pekwm is a fun window manager. It's sparse, terse, and very lightweight. Give it a try!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/19/12/pekwm-linux-desktop
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作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/linux_penguin_green.png?itok=ENdVzW22 (Penguin with green background)
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[2]: http://www.pekwm.org/
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[3]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/advent-gdm_1.jpg (Selecting your desktop in GDM)
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[4]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/advent-enlightenment-kdm_0.jpg (Selecting your desktop in KDM)
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[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/advent-pekwm.jpg (Pekwm running on Fedora)
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[6]: http://dockapps.net
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[7]: https://opensource.com/article/19/6/understanding-linux-permissions
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[8]: https://opensource.com/article/19/1/productivity-tool-tint2
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[9]: https://opensource.com/article/19/5/set-static-network-connection-linux
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@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Pekwm: A lightweight Linux desktop)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/12/pekwm-linux-desktop)
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[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
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Pekwm：一个轻量级的 Linux 桌面
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======
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本文是 24 天 Linux 桌面特别系列的一部分。如果你是一个觉得传统桌面会妨碍你的极简主义者，那么试试 Pekwm Linux 桌面。
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![Penguin with green background][1]
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假设你想要一个轻量级桌面环境，它的功能足以在屏幕上显示图形，移动一些窗口，而没有其他东西。你会发现传统桌面的通知、任务栏和系统托盘会妨碍你的工作。你想主要通过终端工作，但也希望运行图形应用。如果听起来像你，那么 [Pekwm][2] 可能是你一直在寻找的东西。
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Pekwm 的灵感大概来自于 Window Maker 和 Fluxbox 等。它提供了一个应用菜单，窗口装饰，而不是一大堆其他东西。它非常适合极简主义者，即那些希望节省资源的用户和喜欢在终端工作的用户。
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从发行版仓库安装 Pekwm。安装后，请先退出当前桌面会话，以便可以登录到新桌面。默认情况下，会话管理器（KDM、GDM、LightDM 或 XDM，具体取决于你的设置）将继续登录到以前的桌面，因此需要在登录之前修改它。
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在 GDM 中覆盖之前的桌面：
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![Selecting your desktop in GDM][3]
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在 KDM 中：
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![Selecting your desktop in KDM][4]
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第一次登录 Pekwm 时，你可能会看到黑屏。信不信由你，这是正常的。你看到的是一个空白桌面，没有背景壁纸。你可以使用 **feh** 命令设置壁纸（你可能需要从仓库中安装它）。此命令有几个用于设置背景的选项，包括 **\--bg-fill** 用壁纸填充屏幕，**\--bg-scale** 缩放到合适大小，等等。
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```
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`$ feh --bg-fill ~/Pictures/wallpapers/mybackground.jpg`
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```
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### 应用菜单
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默认情况下，Pekwm 自动生成一个菜单，可在桌面上的任意位置右键单击，从而可让你运行应用。此菜单还提供一些首选项设置，例如选择主题和注销 Pekwm 会话。
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![Pekwm running on Fedora][5]
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### 配置
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Pekwm 主要通过保存在 **$HOME/.pekwm**. 的文本配置文件配置。**menu** 文件定义你的应用菜单，**keys** 文件定义键盘快捷键，等等。
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**start** 文件是在 Pekwm 启动后执行的 shell 脚本。它类似于传统 Unix 系统上的 **rc.local**。它故意放在最后一行，因此这里的东西将覆盖之前的一切。这是一个重要文件，它可能是你要设置背景的地方，以便_你的_选择会覆盖正在使用的主题的默认值。
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**start** 文件也是可以启动 dockapp 的地方。dockapp 是 一种小程序，它在 Window Maker 和 Fluxbox 引起了人们的关注。它们通常有网络监视器、时钟、音频设置和其他你能会在系统托盘或作为一个 KDE plasmoid 或者完整桌面环境中看到的小部件。你可能会在发行版仓库中找到一些 dockapp，或者可以在 [dockapps.net][6] 上在线查找它们。
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你可以在启动时运行 dockapp，将它们列在 **start** 文件中，跟上 **&** 符号：
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```
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feh --bg-fill ~/Pictures/wallpapers/mybackground.jpg
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wmnd &
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bubblemon -d &
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```
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**start** 文件必须[设置为可执行][7]，才能在 Pekwm 启动时运行。
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```
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`$ chmod +x $HOME/.pekwm/start`
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```
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### 功能
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Pekwm 的功能不多，但这就是它的美。如果你希望在桌面上运行额外的服务，那么由你来启动这些服务。如果你仍在学习 Linux，这是了解那些与完整的桌面环境捆绑在一起时通常不会考虑的微小 GUI 组件的好方法（像是[任务栏][8]）。这也习惯一些 Linux 命令（例如 [nmcli][9]）的好方法。
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Pekwm 是一个有趣的窗口管理器。它分散、简洁、轻巧。请试试看！
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/19/12/pekwm-linux-desktop
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作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/linux_penguin_green.png?itok=ENdVzW22 (Penguin with green background)
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[2]: http://www.pekwm.org/
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[3]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/advent-gdm_1.jpg (Selecting your desktop in GDM)
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[4]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/advent-enlightenment-kdm_0.jpg (Selecting your desktop in KDM)
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[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/advent-pekwm.jpg (Pekwm running on Fedora)
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[6]: http://dockapps.net
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[7]: https://opensource.com/article/19/6/understanding-linux-permissions
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[8]: https://opensource.com/article/19/1/productivity-tool-tint2
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[9]: https://opensource.com/article/19/5/set-static-network-connection-linux
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