From 068036a530a4aab7233c4ee5e7a27fbfab0bde66 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: zhengsihua Date: Tue, 6 Jan 2015 18:48:32 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] deleted --- ...-cache commands with practical examples.md | 191 ------------------ 1 file changed, 191 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 sources/tech/20150105 Ubuntu apt-get and apt-cache commands with practical examples.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20150105 Ubuntu apt-get and apt-cache commands with practical examples.md b/sources/tech/20150105 Ubuntu apt-get and apt-cache commands with practical examples.md deleted file mode 100644 index 90c0724d76..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20150105 Ubuntu apt-get and apt-cache commands with practical examples.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,191 +0,0 @@ -Translating------geekpi - -Ubuntu apt-get & apt-cache commands with practical examples -================================================================================ -Apt-get & apt-cache are the command line **package management** utility in **Ubuntu Linux**. GUI version of apt-get command is the Synaptic Package Manager, in this post we are going to discuss 15 different examples of apt-get & apt-cache commands. - -### Example:1 List of all the available packages ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ apt-cache pkgnames - account-plugin-yahoojp - ceph-fuse - dvd+rw-tools - e3 - gnome-commander-data - grub-gfxpayload-lists - gweled - ....................................... - -### Example:2 Search Packages using keywords ### - -This command is very helpful when you are not sure about package name , just enter the keyword and apt-get command will list packages related to the keyword. - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ apt-cache search "web server" - apache2 - Apache HTTP Server - apache2-bin - Apache HTTP Server (binary files and modules) - apache2-data - Apache HTTP Server (common files) - apache2-dbg - Apache debugging symbols - apache2-dev - Apache HTTP Server (development headers) - apache2-doc - Apache HTTP Server (on-site documentation) - apache2-utils - Apache HTTP Server (utility programs for web servers) - ...................................................................... - -**Note**: If you have installed “**apt-file**” package then we can also search the package using config files as shown below : - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ apt-file search nagios.cfg - ganglia-nagios-bridge: /usr/share/doc/ganglia-nagios-bridge/nagios.cfg - nagios3-common: /etc/nagios3/nagios.cfg - nagios3-common: /usr/share/doc/nagios3-common/examples/nagios.cfg.gz - pnp4nagios-bin: /etc/pnp4nagios/nagios.cfg - pnp4nagios-bin: /usr/share/doc/pnp4nagios/examples/nagios.cfg - -### Example:3 Display the basic information of Specific package. ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ apt-cache show postfix - Package: postfix - Priority: optional - Section: mail - Installed-Size: 3524 - Maintainer: LaMont Jones - Architecture: amd64 - Version: 2.11.1-1 - Replaces: mail-transport-agent - Provides: default-mta, mail-transport-agent - ..................................................... - -### Example:4 List the dependency of Package. ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ apt-cache depends postfix - postfix - Depends: libc6 - Depends: libdb5.3 - Depends: libsasl2-2 - Depends: libsqlite3-0 - Depends: libssl1.0.0 - |Depends: debconf - Depends: - cdebconf - debconf - Depends: netbase - Depends: adduser - Depends: dpkg - ............................................ - -### Example:5 Display the Cache Statistics using apt-cache. ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ apt-cache stats - Total package names: 60877 (1,218 k) - Total package structures: 102824 (5,758 k) - Normal packages: 71285 - Pure virtual packages: 1102 - Single virtual packages: 9151 - Mixed virtual packages: 1827 - Missing: 19459 - Total distinct versions: 74913 (5,394 k) - Total distinct descriptions: 93792 (2,251 k) - Total dependencies: 573443 (16.1 M) - Total ver/file relations: 78007 (1,872 k) - Total Desc/File relations: 93792 (2,251 k) - Total Provides mappings: 16583 (332 k) - Total globbed strings: 171 (2,263 ) - Total dependency version space: 2,665 k - Total slack space: 37.3 k - Total space accounted for: 29.5 M - -### Example:6 Update the package repository using “apt-get update” ### - -Using the command “apt-get update” , we can resynchronize the package index files from their sources repository. Package index are retrieved from the file located at “/etc/apt/sources.list” - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get update - Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com utopic InRelease - Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com utopic Release.gpg - Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com utopic Release - Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com utopic/main Sources - Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com utopic/main amd64 Packages - Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com utopic/main i386 Packages - Ign http://in.archive.ubuntu.com utopic InRelease - Ign http://in.archive.ubuntu.com utopic-updates InRelease - Ign http://in.archive.ubuntu.com utopic-backports InRelease - ................................................................ - -### Example:7 Install a package using apt-get command. ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get install icinga - -In the above example we are installing a package named “icinga” - -### Example:8 Upgrade all the Installed Packages ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade - -### Example:9 Upgrade a Particular Package. ### - -“install” option along with “–only-upgrade” in apt-get command is used to upgrade a particular package , example is shown below : - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get install filezilla --only-upgrade - -### Example:10 Removing a package using apt-get command. ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get remove skype - -Above command will remove or delete the skype package only , if you want to delete its config files then use the “purge” option in the apt-get command. Example is shown below : - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get purge skype - -We can also use the combination of above commands : - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get remove --purge skype - -### Example:11 Download the package in the Current Working Directory ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get download icinga - Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic/universe icinga amd64 1.11.6-1build1 [1,474 B] - Fetched 1,474 B in 1s (1,363 B/s) - -Above command will download icinga package in your current working directory. - -### Example:12 Clear disk Space used by retrieved package files. ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get clean - -Above Command will clear the disk space used by apt-get command while retrieving(download) packages. - -We can also use “**autoclean**” option in place of “**clean**“, the main difference between them is that autoclean removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely useless. - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get autoclean - Reading package lists... Done - Building dependency tree - Reading state information... Done - -### Example:13 Remove Packages using “autoremove” option. ### - -When we use “autoremove” option with apt-get command , then it will remove the packages that were installed to satisfy the dependency of other packages and are now no longer needed or used. - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get autoremove icinga - -### Example:14 Display Changelog of a Package. ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get changelog apache2 - Get:1 Changelog for apache2 (http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs/pool/main/a/apache2/apache2_2.4.10-1ubuntu1/changelog) [195 kB] - Fetched 195 kB in 3s (60.9 kB/s) - -Above Command will download the changelog of apache2 package and will display through sensible-pager on your screen. - -### Example:15 List broken dependencies using “check” option ### - - linuxtechi@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get check - Reading package lists... Done - Building dependency tree - Reading state information... Done - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://www.linuxtechi.com/ubuntu-apt-get-apt-cache-commands-examples/ - -作者：[Pradeep Kumar][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:http://www.linuxtechi.com/author/pradeep/