From 86e68512f4ecddf80049bffa6556185121aa3f36 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DarkSun Date: Thu, 17 Feb 2022 05:02:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E9=80=89=E9=A2=98[tech]:=2020220217=20How=20to?= =?UTF-8?q?=20Clean=20Up=20Snap=20Package=20Versions=20in=20Linux=20[Quick?= =?UTF-8?q?=20Tip]?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit sources/tech/20220217 How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux -Quick Tip.md --- ...ap Package Versions in Linux -Quick Tip.md | 153 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 153 insertions(+) create mode 100644 sources/tech/20220217 How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux -Quick Tip.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20220217 How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux -Quick Tip.md b/sources/tech/20220217 How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux -Quick Tip.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..25d5a29f58 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20220217 How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux -Quick Tip.md @@ -0,0 +1,153 @@ +[#]: subject: "How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux [Quick Tip]" +[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/clean-snap-packages/" +[#]: author: "Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/" +[#]: collector: "lujun9972" +[#]: translator: " " +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux [Quick Tip] +====== + +Snap packages are not everyone’s favorite but they are an integral part of the Ubuntu ecosystem. + +It has its pros and cons. One of the negatives is that Snap packages are usually bigger in size and take a lot of disk space. + +This could be a problem if you are running out of disk space, specially on the root partition. + +Let me share a neat trick that you could use to cut down the disk spaced used by Snap packages. + +### Cleaning up old Snap package versions to free disk space + +The system files related to snap are stored in the /var/lib/snapd directory. Based on the number of Snap packages you have installed, this directory size could be in several GBs. + +Don’t just take my word for it. Do an assesement by [using the du command to check the directory size.][1] + +``` + + [email protected]:~$ sudo du -sh /var/lib/snapd + 5.4G /var/lib/snapd + +``` + +You may also use the Disk Usage Analyzer GUI tool to see the [disk usage in Ubuntu][2]. + +![Snap disk usage][3] + +That’s a lot, right? You could free up some disk space here. + +By design, Snap keeps at least one older version of the packages you have installed on your system. + +You can see this behavior by using the Snap command: + +``` + + snap list --all + +``` + +You should see the same package listed twice with different version and revision number. + +![Snap keeps at least two versions of each package][4] + +To free up disk space, you can delete the additional package versions. How do you know which one to delete? You can see that these older packages are labeled ‘disabled’. + +Don’t worry. You don’t have to manually do it. There is sort of automatic way to do it thanks to a nifty bash script written by Alan Pope while he was working in the [Snapcraft][5] team. + +I hope you know [how to create and run a bash shell script][6]. Basically, create a new file named clean-swap.sh and add the following lines to it. + +``` + + #!/bin/bash + # Removes old revisions of snaps + # CLOSE ALL SNAPS BEFORE RUNNING THIS + set -eu + snap list --all | awk '/disabled/{print $1, $3}' | + while read snapname revision; do + snap remove "$snapname" --revision="$revision" + done + +``` + +Save it and close the editor. + +To run this script, keep it in your home directory and then [open the terminal in Ubuntu][7] and run this command: + +``` + + sudo bash clean-snap.sh + +``` + +You can see that it starts removing the older version of packages. + +![Removing old snap package versions][8] + +If you check the disk space used by Snap now, you’ll see that the directory size is reduced now. + +``` + + [email protected]:~$ sudo du -sh /var/lib/snapd + 3.9G /var/lib/snapd + +``` + +If this works for you, you could run this command occasionally. + +#### How does this script work? + +If you are curious about what does this script do, let me explain. + +You have already seen the output of the “snap list –all” command. It’s output is passed to the [awk command][9]. Awk is a powerful scripting tool. + +The awk ‘/disabled/{print $1, $3}’ part looks for the string ‘disabled’ in each row and if it is found, it extracts the first column and third column. + +This output is further passed to a combination of while and read command. Read command gets the value of first column snapname and third column to revision variable. + +These variables are then used to run the snap remove command to delete with the name of the span package name and its revision number. + +The while loop runs as long as there are rows found with ‘disabled’ string in it. + +This all makes sense easily if you know a little bit about shell scripting. If you are not familiar with, we have a [bash tutorial series for beginners][10] for you. + +### Did you get your GBs back? + +You may see some forums advising to set up the Snap package retention value to 2. + +``` + + sudo snap set system refresh.retain=2 + +``` + +I don’t think it’s needed anymore. Snap’s default behavior now is to store total 2 versions for any package. + +Altogether, if you are running out of space, getting rid of the additional package version could surely one of the [ways to free up disk space on Ubuntu][11]. + +If this tutorial helped you free some space, let me know in the comment section. + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.com/clean-snap-packages/ + +作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://linuxhandbook.com/find-directory-size-du-command/ +[2]: https://itsfoss.com/check-free-disk-space-linux/ +[3]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/snap-disk-usage.png?resize=800%2C323&ssl=1 +[4]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/snap-keeps-two-versions-of-each-package.png?resize=800%2C347&ssl=1 +[5]: https://snapcraft.io/ +[6]: https://itsfoss.com/run-shell-script-linux/ +[7]: https://itsfoss.com/open-terminal-ubuntu/ +[8]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/removing-old-snap-package-versions.png?resize=800%2C445&ssl=1 +[9]: https://linuxhandbook.com/awk-command-tutorial/ +[10]: https://linuxhandbook.com/tag/bash-beginner/ +[11]: https://itsfoss.com/free-up-space-ubuntu-linux/