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自动选题[tech]: 20220217 How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux [Quick Tip]
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[#]: subject: "How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux [Quick Tip]"
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[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/clean-snap-packages/"
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[#]: author: "Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
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[#]: translator: " "
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux [Quick Tip]
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======
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Snap packages are not everyone’s favorite but they are an integral part of the Ubuntu ecosystem.
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It has its pros and cons. One of the negatives is that Snap packages are usually bigger in size and take a lot of disk space.
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This could be a problem if you are running out of disk space, specially on the root partition.
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Let me share a neat trick that you could use to cut down the disk spaced used by Snap packages.
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### Cleaning up old Snap package versions to free disk space
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The system files related to snap are stored in the /var/lib/snapd directory. Based on the number of Snap packages you have installed, this directory size could be in several GBs.
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Don’t just take my word for it. Do an assesement by [using the du command to check the directory size.][1]
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```
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[email protected]:~$ sudo du -sh /var/lib/snapd
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5.4G /var/lib/snapd
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```
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You may also use the Disk Usage Analyzer GUI tool to see the [disk usage in Ubuntu][2].
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![Snap disk usage][3]
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That’s a lot, right? You could free up some disk space here.
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By design, Snap keeps at least one older version of the packages you have installed on your system.
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You can see this behavior by using the Snap command:
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```
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snap list --all
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```
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You should see the same package listed twice with different version and revision number.
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![Snap keeps at least two versions of each package][4]
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To free up disk space, you can delete the additional package versions. How do you know which one to delete? You can see that these older packages are labeled ‘disabled’.
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Don’t worry. You don’t have to manually do it. There is sort of automatic way to do it thanks to a nifty bash script written by Alan Pope while he was working in the [Snapcraft][5] team.
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I hope you know [how to create and run a bash shell script][6]. Basically, create a new file named clean-swap.sh and add the following lines to it.
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```
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#!/bin/bash
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# Removes old revisions of snaps
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# CLOSE ALL SNAPS BEFORE RUNNING THIS
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set -eu
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snap list --all | awk '/disabled/{print $1, $3}' |
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while read snapname revision; do
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snap remove "$snapname" --revision="$revision"
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done
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```
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Save it and close the editor.
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To run this script, keep it in your home directory and then [open the terminal in Ubuntu][7] and run this command:
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```
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sudo bash clean-snap.sh
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```
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You can see that it starts removing the older version of packages.
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![Removing old snap package versions][8]
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If you check the disk space used by Snap now, you’ll see that the directory size is reduced now.
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```
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[email protected]:~$ sudo du -sh /var/lib/snapd
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3.9G /var/lib/snapd
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```
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If this works for you, you could run this command occasionally.
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#### How does this script work?
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If you are curious about what does this script do, let me explain.
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You have already seen the output of the “snap list –all” command. It’s output is passed to the [awk command][9]. Awk is a powerful scripting tool.
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The awk ‘/disabled/{print $1, $3}’ part looks for the string ‘disabled’ in each row and if it is found, it extracts the first column and third column.
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This output is further passed to a combination of while and read command. Read command gets the value of first column snapname and third column to revision variable.
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These variables are then used to run the snap remove command to delete with the name of the span package name and its revision number.
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The while loop runs as long as there are rows found with ‘disabled’ string in it.
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This all makes sense easily if you know a little bit about shell scripting. If you are not familiar with, we have a [bash tutorial series for beginners][10] for you.
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### Did you get your GBs back?
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You may see some forums advising to set up the Snap package retention value to 2.
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```
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sudo snap set system refresh.retain=2
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```
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I don’t think it’s needed anymore. Snap’s default behavior now is to store total 2 versions for any package.
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Altogether, if you are running out of space, getting rid of the additional package version could surely one of the [ways to free up disk space on Ubuntu][11].
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If this tutorial helped you free some space, let me know in the comment section.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/clean-snap-packages/
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作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://linuxhandbook.com/find-directory-size-du-command/
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[2]: https://itsfoss.com/check-free-disk-space-linux/
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[3]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/snap-disk-usage.png?resize=800%2C323&ssl=1
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[4]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/snap-keeps-two-versions-of-each-package.png?resize=800%2C347&ssl=1
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[5]: https://snapcraft.io/
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[6]: https://itsfoss.com/run-shell-script-linux/
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[7]: https://itsfoss.com/open-terminal-ubuntu/
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[8]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/removing-old-snap-package-versions.png?resize=800%2C445&ssl=1
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[9]: https://linuxhandbook.com/awk-command-tutorial/
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[10]: https://linuxhandbook.com/tag/bash-beginner/
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[11]: https://itsfoss.com/free-up-space-ubuntu-linux/
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