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Translated:20150316 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to convert between local time and UNIX timestamp in Perl.md
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Linux FAQs with Answers--How to convert between local time and UNIX timestamp in Perl
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================================================================================
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> **Question**: I need to convert readable date and time to a corresponding UNIX timestamp (i.e., Epoch time), or vice versa in a Perl program. Can you show me Perl code examples of converting date/time to UNIX timestamp, or conversely, converting UNIX timestamp to human-readable date and time?
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When your Perl script needs to deal with time information, there are two different ways to represent and manipulate date and time in the script. One way is a human-readable string representation of time (e.g., "Sat Mar 14 10:14:05 EDT 2015"), and the other is via UNIX timestamp (also known as "Epoch time") which is the number of elapsed seconds since 00:00:00 UTC, 1 Jaunary 1970. Either method has its own pros and cons, and depending on your requirements you may want to convert one format to the other.
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### Convert Local Time to UNIX Timestamp in Perl ###
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To obtain UNIX time from a date string, you can use str2time() in Date::Parse module. It can handle a variety of date formats, such as:
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- Sat Mar 14 10:14:05 EDT 2015
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- 3/14/2015 10:14:05 -0400
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- 14/Mar/15 10:14:05
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- 14 Mar 15 10:14:05
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use Date::Parse;
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my $local_time = "Sat Mar 14 10:14:05 EDT 2015";
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# 1426342445 will be stored in $unix_time
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my $unix_time = str2time($local_time);
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Date:Parse module supports multiple languages (English, French, German and Italian) and timezones. For example:
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use Date::Parse;
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use Date::Language;
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my $lang = Date::Language->new('French');
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my $unix_time = $lang->str2time("12:14:05, Ago 16, 2014 (CEST)");
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### Convert UNIX Timestmp to Human-Readable Date and Time in Perl ###
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If you want to show a UNIX timestamp in a human-readable format, you can use localtime() function which converts a UNIX timestamp into a 9-element list. You can use the returned list to construct any kind of human-readable date/time string as you want. Here is a code snippet.
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# $sec, $min, $hour: seconds, minutes and hours
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# $mday: the day of the month (0-31)
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# $mon: month in the range of 0 (Jaunary) and 11 (December)
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# $year: the number of years that have elapsed since 1900
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# $wday: the day of the week in the range of 0 (Sunday) and 6 (Saturday)
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# $yday: the day of the year in the range of 0 and 364 (or 365 in leap years)
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# $isdst: whether or not it's in daylight saving time
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my ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, $wday, $yday, $isdst) = localtime($unix_timestamp);
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# necessary conversion of $mon and $year
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$mon += 1;
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$year += 1900;
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print "Current time: $year-$mon-$mday $hour:$min:$sec\n";
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/convert-local-time-unix-timestamp-perl.html
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作者：[Dan Nanni][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/author/nanni
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Linux有问必答：Perl中本地时间和UNIX时间戳间相互转换
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> **问题**: 在Perl语言中，我需要转换易读的日期和时间到对应的UNIX时间戳，反之亦然。你可以给我一些Perl代码例子吗？关于日期及时间转换到UNIX时间戳，或者相反，转换UNIX时间戳到可读的日期和时间。
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当你的Perl脚本需要解决时间信息，这里有两种方法来表示和处理日期和时间。一种方法是易读的时间表示（例，"Sat Mar 14 10:14:05 EDT 2015"），另外一种是使用UNIX时间戳（也叫“新纪元时间”），这是从1970年1月1日到今所消耗的时间秒数。每一种方法都有它自己的优劣势，取决于你的需要，也许也就需要转换一种格式到另一种。
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### Perl中转换本地时间到UNIX时间戳 ###
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为了从日期字符串中获得UNIX时间，可以使用Date::Parse模块中str2time()函数。此函数可以处理多种格式，例如：
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- Sat Mar 14 10:14:05 EDT 2015
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- 3/14/2015 10:14:05 -0400
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- 14/Mar/15 10:14:05
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- 14 Mar 15 10:14:05
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use Date::Parse;
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my $local_time = "Sat Mar 14 10:14:05 EDT 2015";
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# 1426342445 will be stored in $unix_time
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my $unix_time = str2time($local_time);
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Date:Parse 模块支持多种语言（英语，法语，德语和意大利语）和时区。例如:
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use Date::Parse;
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use Date::Language;
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my $lang = Date::Language->new('French');
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my $unix_time = $lang->str2time("12:14:05, Ago 16, 2014 (CEST)");
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### Perl中UNIX时间戳到可读的日期和时间 ###
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如果你想要转换UNIX时间戳到可读的格式，可以使用localtime()函数，此函数可以转换UNIX时间戳为一个9元素列表。然后你可以使用返回的list构造任何你需要的可读格式。这里有一个代码片段：
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# $sec, $min, $hour: 秒,分,时
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# $mday: 月中的某天 (0-31)
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# $mon: 月份，范围 0 (一月) 至 11 (十二月)
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# $year: 年份，与1900年的差值(2015年为2015-1900=115)
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# $wday: 星期，范围 0 (星期天) 至 6 (星期六)
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# $yday: 年中的某天，范围 0 至 364 (或 365 闰年)
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# $isdst: 是否是夏令时
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my ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, $wday, $yday, $isdst) = localtime($unix_timestamp);
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# necessary conversion of $mon and $year
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$mon += 1;
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$year += 1900;
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print "Current time: $year-$mon-$mday $hour:$min:$sec\n";
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/convert-local-time-unix-timestamp-perl.html
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作者：[Dan Nanni][a]
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译者：[VicYu/Vic020](http://vicyu.net)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/author/nanni
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