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KDE vs GNOME: Settings, Apps, Widgets
=====================================
When it comes to desktop environments, choosing the one that's right for you can be a deeply personal matter. In this article, I'll look into the differences between two of the most popular Linux desktop environments – Gnome and KDE. I’ll explore what each desktop environment offers, comparing their strengths and weaknesses.
###Initial impressions
Upon first encountering the desktop, one can argue that KDE looks more polished than Gnome, and offers a more tech-friendly appearance. Additionally, if you are used to a Windows environment, KDE will feel much more familiar, thanks to the menu and button layout at the bottom of your screen. You can easily locate the K menu, launch programs and find documents with just a few clicks of your mouse.
Another important and familiar benefit with KDE is the easy to use minimize and close buttons with each open document, picture or application. To someone coming from another platform, features this basic might be taken for granted. But considering desktops like Gnome don't offer a true minimize option any longer, it's worth giving KDE props here.
Loading up Gnome 3 for the first time, the desktop might be perceived as a very alien experience if you're coming from another platform. Like classic Gnome, your access to docs and tools are not located at the bottom of your screen. Even stranger for some newbies, the method for closing open windows is – to be kind – "different." In defense of Gnome 3, however, I've found it to be quite a pleasant experience once you get used to this new way of doing things. And the new users I know who have tested Gnome 3 generally felt the same way.
###Widgets and extensions
The divide between the two desktop environments continues to broaden as we dive into the extensions and widgets provided for Gnome and KDE. While both desktops provide additions you can run to further enhance your desktop experience, the lines between them become different in how the desktops handle extended functionality.
KDE takes an interesting approach in that you can group widgets into what are called "Activities." The idea is you can have one Activity with a set number of desktop widgets, that help with specific work-flows.
By contrast, Gnome defines activities with a different approach. Instead of being widget-centric, Gnome makes its Activities more task- and application-based. For example, if I was using multiple apps, switching to the Gnome Activities overview allows you to gain a visualization and immediate access to each task.
###Settings for your desktop
While Gnome has gotten better about providing adequate settings controls from a GUI, KDE remains the reigning king in this space.
With KDE, you can find settings to control nearly every aspect of your desktop experience. Some Linux distributions, such as [OpenSUSE][1], go ever further by tightly integrating their own tools ([YaST][2]) into the KDE settings experience.
With the updates to the Gnome desktop since Gnome 3, I've found the biggest areas where I see KDE offering greater functionality is with ease of access to settings. Gnome tends to put application specific settings into an easy to find area of each application.
But KDE tends to offer greater granular control with their applications. One of my favorite examples is [Kontact][3] vs [Evolution][4]. Both are powerful PIMs for Gnome and KDE. But the difference is that Kontact is a suite of applications bundled with a suite of controls for each app, while Evolution is a single application with limited control. The same can be said of [AmaroK][5] vs [Rhythmbox][6], among other desktop-specific titles.
###File management
When it comes to finding the right file manager for your desktop, both Gnome and KDE do the work for you by providing their own defaults. [Nautilus][7] is the default file manager for Gnome where KDE, offers up [Dolphin][8] as its main offering.
When it comes to desktop environments, choosing the one that's right for you can be a deeply personal matter. In this article, I'll look into the differences between two of the most popular Linux desktop environments – Gnome and KDE. I’ll explore what each desktop environment offers, comparing their strengths and weaknesses.
###Initial impressions
Upon first encountering the desktop, one can argue that KDE looks more polished than Gnome, and offers a more tech-friendly appearance. Additionally, if you are used to a Windows environment, KDE will feel much more familiar, thanks to the menu and button layout at the bottom of your screen. You can easily locate the K menu, launch programs and find documents with just a few clicks of your mouse.
Another important and familiar benefit with KDE is the easy to use minimize and close buttons with each open document, picture or application. To someone coming from another platform, features this basic might be taken for granted. But considering desktops like Gnome don't offer a true minimize option any longer, it's worth giving KDE props here.
Loading up Gnome 3 for the first time, the desktop might be perceived as a very alien experience if you're coming from another platform. Like classic Gnome, your access to docs and tools are not located at the bottom of your screen. Even stranger for some newbies, the method for closing open windows is – to be kind – "different." In defense of Gnome 3, however, I've found it to be quite a pleasant experience once you get used to this new way of doing things. And the new users I know who have tested Gnome 3 generally felt the same way.
Widgets and extensions
The divide between the two desktop environments continues to broaden as we dive into the extensions and widgets provided for Gnome and KDE. While both desktops provide additions you can run to further enhance your desktop experience, the lines between them become different in how the desktops handle extended functionality.
KDE takes an interesting approach in that you can group widgets into what are called "Activities." The idea is you can have one Activity with a set number of desktop widgets, that help with specific work-flows.
By contrast, Gnome defines activities with a different approach. Instead of being widget-centric, Gnome makes its Activities more task- and application-based. For example, if I was using multiple apps, switching to the Gnome Activities overview allows you to gain a visualization and immediate access to each task.
Settings for your desktop
While Gnome has gotten better about providing adequate settings controls from a GUI, KDE remains the reigning king in this space.
With KDE, you can find settings to control nearly every aspect of your desktop experience. Some Linux distributions, such as OpenSUSE, go ever further by tightly integrating their own tools (YaST) into the KDE settings experience.
With the updates to the Gnome desktop since Gnome 3, I've found the biggest areas where I see KDE offering greater functionality is with ease of access to settings. Gnome tends to put application specific settings into an easy to find area of each application.
But KDE tends to offer greater granular control with their applications. One of my favorite examples is Kontact vs Evolution. Both are powerful PIMs for Gnome and KDE. But the difference is that Kontact is a suite of applications bundled with a suite of controls for each app, while Evolution is a single application with limited control. The same can be said of AmaroK vs Rhythmbox, among other desktop-specific titles.
File management
When it comes to finding the right file manager for your desktop, both Gnome and KDE do the work for you by providing their own defaults. Nautilus is the default file manager for Gnome where KDE, offers up Dolphin as its main offering.
Out of the box, I've found Nautilus offers Gnome users a polished, easy to use file management tool that won't overwhelm new Linux users. Flashing over to KDE, however, Dolphin is a highly configurable and not newbie friendly file management solution for those who want tons of control.
Simply looking at the sidebar for each file manager, you'll notice that Nautilus offers up the most straight forward approach to navigation. KDE's Dolphin, however, goes further with features like dates for files last used, and other related options.
If you're an advanced Linux user, you'll likely find yourself gravitating to Dolphin as it offers the most options and control. For those of us who simply want to navigate files without tons of "stuff", Nautilus wins in terms of simplicity.
###Desktop applications
One area that causes some disagreement among Linux enthusiasts is the claim that one desktop offers better default applications than the other. That said, this is certainly the case with Gnome vs KDE.
My findings in this area are that in many areas, Gnome wins without even trying that hard. For example: GIMP, Evince, and Pidgin are all applications that are simply less of a headache to rely on than their KDE counterparts. Kmail is another app that, in my opinion, gives new KDE users a bad taste in their mouths. Apps like this are overly complex and in general, abysmal to use.
On the flip side, there are some worthwhile exceptions in favor of KDE. [Calligra][9] vs [AbiWord][10] is an easy win for KDE, since [LibreOffice][11] isn't "truly" a Gnome specific option. Just because it's often the default suite for many Linux distributions doesn't make it the desktop environment default.
In the end, one of the wonders of Linux is that you can install GTK or Qt libraries and enjoy the benefits of the apps that best meet with your needs. For myself, I've found the Gnome application defaults to be the clear winner in most instances.
Final thoughts
If I ever found myself trapped on an island with only one desktop environment made available to me, it'd have to be Gnome. Even though I enjoy some aspects of KDE more than Gnome, overall I find Gnome is less work to keep up. Too often I’ve found KDE experiencing a messed up configuration or, worse: weird alerts claiming my sound card has disappeared. Under Gnome, I experience none of these problems.
Because I value my time and my sanity, I'll continue to recommend Gnome over KDE; while suggesting some KDE apps when appropriate. To anyone who claims that KDE is easier to use – I'd like to point out that for me, simply learning Gnome's approach to doing things has offered me greater stability in the long run.
Photo courtesy of [Shutterstock][12].
---
via: http://www.datamation.com/open-source/kde-vs-gnome-settings-apps-widgets-2.html
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
[1]:http://www.opensuse.org/en/
[2]:http://en.opensuse.org/YaST_Software_Management
[3]:http://userbase.kde.org/Kontact
[4]:https://projects.gnome.org/evolution/
[5]:http://amarok.kde.org/
[6]:https://projects.gnome.org/rhythmbox/
[7]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautilus_%28file_manager%29
[8]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_%28file_manager%29
[9]:http://www.calligra-suite.org/
[10]:http://www.abisource.com/
[11]:http://www.libreoffice.org/
[12]:http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-137314787/stock-photo-information-concept-golden-gears-on-digital-background-d-render.html

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[翻译中] by KayGuoWhu
Unvanquished Will Probably Be the Best Free Multiplayer Game on Linux
================================================================================
**Unvanquished, a free, open-source first-person shooter combining real-time strategy elements with a futuristic and sci-fi setting, has just received its 22nd update. Actually it's 22.1, but who's counting?**

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KDE vs GNOME: 设置，应用和小工具
=====================================
当提到桌面环境时，对你来说选择一个合适的可能是个值得深思的个人问题。在这篇文章中，我会比较Gnome和KDE这两种最为流行的Linux桌面环境之间的不同之处，也会通过对比它们的优缺点来探究每一种桌面环境所能提供的功能。
###第一印象
第一眼看到桌面，你可能会觉得KDE看起来比Gnome更光亮，并提供一个更友好的科技外观。此外，如果你习惯于Windows环境，屏幕底部的菜单和按钮布局会让你感觉KDE看起来更熟悉一些。你可以很容易地找到Kmenu，启动程序以及仅仅点击几下鼠标就能找到文档。
KDE的另一个重要和熟悉的好处是方便地在每个打开的文档、图片和应用中使用最小化和关闭按钮。对于那些习惯其它平台的人来说，这些特性可能会认为是理所当然的。但是考虑到对于像Gnome这样不再提供一个真正的最小化选项的桌面来说，这里是值得给予KDE支持的。
第一次加载进入Gnome 3，如果你来自另一个平台，它的桌面可能被认为是很奇怪的。像经典的Gnome一样，你想访问的文档和工具并不位于屏幕的底部。让新手们感到更陌生的是，关闭正打开的窗口的方法是如此的“与众不同”。然而，站在支持Gnome3的角度上，我发现只要你习惯了这种新的做事方式，会觉得这是一段相当愉快的经历。我所知道的已经试用过Gnome3的新用户们也普遍地感觉良好。
###小工具和扩展
随着我们深入了解Gnome和KDE提供的扩展和小工具，这两种桌面环境之间的差别会越来越大。尽管它们都能提供可运行的附件以增强你的桌面体验，但是它们在如何处理扩展功能上的分界并不相同。
KDE采用一种有趣的方式，即你可以桌面小部件划分到称为“活动区”的分组中。这使得你可以创建一个包含一系列桌面小部件的活动区，以处理特定的工作流。
相反地，Gnome按照另一种方式定义活动区。Gnome使它的活动区更加基于任务和应用，而不是以小部件为中心。例如，如果我正在使用多个应用程序，切换到Gnome活动区视图允许你能够可视化地、及时地访问每一个任务。
###设置你的桌面
虽然在通过GUI提供充足的设置方面Gnome做得越来越好，但KDE依然是这个领域的王者。
使用KDE，你可以通过设置去控制几乎桌面的每一个方面。一些诸如[OpenSUSE][1]Linux发行版，通过紧密地把它们的工具 ([YaST][2]) 集成到KDE的设置环境中，在这方面做得更好。
自从Gnome3之后，随着Gnome桌面的更新，我发现的最显著的地方是KDE正在以轻松的设置访问提供更加强大的功能。Gnome往往把特定于应用程序的设置放在一个容易找到的每个应用程序的地方。
但是KDE倾向于为应用程序提供更细粒度的控制。我最喜欢的例子之一是[Kontact][3] vs [Evolution][4]。它们分别是Gnome和KDE上很强大的个人信息管理软件。但不同的是，Kontact是一套附带为每个应用程序绑定一套控制的应用程序，而Evolution只是拥有有限控制的单个应用程序。在其它特定于桌面的主题中，[AmaroK][5] vs [Rhythmbox][6] 也是如此。
###文件管理
当涉及到为你的桌面寻找合适的文件管理器时，Gnome和KDE都能通过提供默认选择为你完成这项工作。[Nautilus][7]是Gnome的默认文件管理器，而KDE提供[Dolphin][8] 作为它的默认文件管理器。
除此之外，我发现Nautilus为Gnome用户提供一个光鲜的、易用的文件管理工具，不会使Linux的新用户们不知所措。然而，回归到KDE上，对于那些想要复杂控制的人，Dolphin是一个高度可配置的，而不是适合新手的文件管理方案。
如果简单地观察每个文件管理器的侧边栏，你会注意到Nautilus提供最直接的导航方式。但是，KDE的Dolphin在诸如上一次使用文件的日期和其它相关选项的特性上做得更好。
如果你是高级的Linux用户，你很可能发现自己被Dolphin吸引，因为它提供了最多的选择和控制。对于那些不想通过复杂的控制导航文件的人，Nautilus在简单性上更胜一筹。
###桌面应用
在Linux爱好者中引发分歧的一个地方是声明某个桌面可以提供更好的默认应用。也就是说，这当然是Gnome和KDE所处的情况。
我在这个方面的发现是：在一些方面，Gnome不费吹灰之力就能胜出。例如，GIMP、Evince和Pidegin相对它们在KDE上的同类是更少依赖的应用。以我之见，Kmail是另一种应用程序，它带给KDE的新用户们一个坏印象。像这类的应用是过于复杂，并且在一般情况下，使用起来难以捉摸。
在另一方面，也有一些有价值的地方来支持KDE。[Calligra][9] vs [AbiWord][10] 对于KDE来说是轻松取胜的，因为[LibreOffice][11] 并不是一个“真正的”Gnome特定选项。仅仅凭它
是很多Linux发行版的默认套件并不能使它成为桌面环境的默认选择。
最后，Linux最神奇的地方之一是你可以安装GTK或者Qt库，享受最符合你需求的应用程序带来的好处。对我自己，我发现在大部分情况下，Gnome的默认应用程序是明显的赢家。
###结语
如果我发现自己被困在一座岛上，只有一种可用的桌面环境，那它必须是Gnome。虽然我喜欢KDE的某些方面胜过Gnome，但总体上我觉得Gnome可以花更少的功夫去持续使用。我常常发现使用KDE搞砸一堆配置，甚至更糟糕，譬如奇怪的警告声称我的声卡找不到。在Gnome环境下，我从没有遇到这些问题。
因为我珍惜我的时间和理智，所以我会持续推荐使用Gnome而不是KDE；同时在适当的时候建议一些KDE应用。对于任何声称KDE更容易使用的人-我觉得指的是我，从长远来看，简单地学习Gnome的做事方法给我带来了更大的稳定性。
照片由[Shutterstock][12]提供。
---
via: http://www.datamation.com/open-source/kde-vs-gnome-settings-apps-widgets-2.html
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
译者：[KayGuoWhu](https://github.com/KayGuoWhu) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
[1]:http://www.opensuse.org/en/
[2]:http://en.opensuse.org/YaST_Software_Management
[3]:http://userbase.kde.org/Kontact
[4]:https://projects.gnome.org/evolution/
[5]:http://amarok.kde.org/
[6]:https://projects.gnome.org/rhythmbox/
[7]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautilus_%28file_manager%29
[8]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_%28file_manager%29
[9]:http://www.calligra-suite.org/
[10]:http://www.abisource.com/
[11]:http://www.libreoffice.org/
[12]:http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-137314787/stock-photo-information-concept-golden-gears-on-digital-background-d-render.html