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[#]: subject: "KDEs Dolphin File Manager Finally Brings Root File Operations. Heres How to Use"
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/02/dolphin-root-access/"
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
KDEs Dolphin File Manager Finally Brings Root File Operations. Heres How to Use
======
AFTER FIVE YEARS OF MAKING, ROOT FILE OPERATION FINALLY LANDS IN THE
DOLPHIN FILE MANAGER OF KDE PLASMA DESKTOP. HERES HOW TO USE DOLPHIN
WITH ROOT ACCESS.
The reason was apparent. Unless you know, the root file operation was the only critical feature not available in the famous Dolphin file manager. The developers didnt want new users to play around in the file system with root privileges. That is not good for a stable system. 
You get a prompt below if you try to open Dolphin today with superuser. It is permanently disabled in the Dolphin code for uid=0.
```
Executing Dolphin with sudo is not possible due to unfixable security vulnerabilities.
```
![Dolphin root access how it behaves today \(before polkit+KIO\)][1]
### A Little History on Dolphin with superuser privileges
You may need to access specific removable drives, files, and network shares via file manager at any given workflow, which requires admin privileges. But without the Dolphin built-in support, it is difficult today unless you are experienced enough to try out specific hacks (like below), which have been popular until now. 
The following famous command executes polkit to give necessary privileges to Dolphin.
```
pkexec env DISPLAY=$DISPLAY XAUTHORITY=$XAUTHORITY KDE_SESSION_VERSION=5 KDE_FULL_SESSION=true dolphin
```
The users request the feature [many times][2] via bug reports in [forums][3]. And several controversial extensions are created, such as Open Dolphin as Root (<https://store.kde.org/p/1384645/>) or Root action service menu (<https://store.kde.org/p/998469/>). One of them was even reported by users for review. They are very unstable and risky to use because you dont know what they will do to your system.
 Do not download or use the above two extensions. You may end up with an unstable system.
### How to use Dolphin as Root
Now you can forget all these hacks and get to run Dolphin as root out-of-the-box with KDE Framework 5.91. The long-pending feature of implementing Polkit support in the KDE Input/Output library (KIO) is finally implemented and merged. 
And now, Dolphin and other KDE applications can use KIO to give necessary privileges to perform several non-admin actions. 
[][4]
SEE ALSO:   KDE Plasma 5.20 Bringing this Stunning Taskbar Feature in Next Release
#### Steps
As of writing this post, this feature is currently in only [Neon Unstable Edition][5] and [openSUSE Krypton][6] due to its nature and [require more testing][7] before being pushed as stable.
If you are using [KDE Plasma][8] using a privileged account already, you are already running Dolphin as admin. But if you are using an account with limited access to the file system, open or use Dolphin as you used to do.
Once you try to modify or access any resources or files via Dolphin that you do not have access to, Dolphin will prompt you for an administrator password via KIO.
To try the code, I tried to modify a file (not admin user) in another users (admin) home directory. See the below image. The file opened file. When I am trying to save by the logged-on user (not admin), it prompts for the password which is nothing but the polkit daemon working via KIO and Dolphin.
![Dolphin root access after KIO with Polkit implementation][9]
Once you provide the password, you will continue to perform the actions.
I believe this is a very straightforward approach instead of letting users open Dolphin via root separately. Because this limits users to a specific action via admin privileges. It also minimizes the risk of accidentally changing the file system if the entire Dolphin executable is open as root. And opening Dolphin as sudo would give you the same message as earlier with additional instructions below.
![Dolphin gives a message while trying to run as a root user][10]
So, thats about it.
### Closing Notes
Dolphin is undoubtedly the famous and best file manager, but this was the missing piece until today. Resolving the “Open Dolphin as the root” problem is significant because it impacts many users system administrators. Thanks to the entire KDE team to pull this through.
* * *
We bring the latest tech, software news and stuff that matters. Stay in touch via [Telegram][11], [Twitter][12], [YouTube][13], and [Facebook][14] and never miss an update!
##### Also Read
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/02/dolphin-root-access/
作者:[Arindam][a]
选题:[lujun9972][b]
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Dolphin-root-access-how-it-behaves-today-before-polkitKIO.jpg
[2]: https://forum.kde.org/viewtopic.php?f=224&t=160993
[3]: https://askubuntu.com/questions/990611/how-to-run-dolphin-as-root
[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2020/06/kde-plasma-5-20-new-taskbar/
[5]: https://neon.kde.org/download
[6]: http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/KDE:/Medias/images/iso/
[7]: https://invent.kde.org/frameworks/kio/-/merge_requests/143
[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/tag/kde-plasma
[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Dolphin-root-access-after-KIO-with-Polkit-implementation.jpg
[10]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Dolphin-gives-a-message-while-trying-to-run-as-root-user.jpg
[11]: https://t.me/debugpoint
[12]: https://twitter.com/DebugPoint
[13]: https://www.youtube.com/c/debugpoint?sub_confirmation=1
[14]: https://facebook.com/DebugPoint

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[#]: subject: "Good News! Debian-based Lightweight Linux Distro Slax is Still Alive"
[#]: via: "https://news.itsfoss.com/slax-11-2/"
[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Good News! Debian-based Lightweight Linux Distro Slax is Still Alive
======
Slax is one of the best [lightweight Linux distributions][1] that can revive an old computer.
However, we did not get to see any significant development activities since 2018.
While a testing version based on Debian 10.2 was in the works in 2019, the pandemic could have affected the progress.
Fast-forward to 2022, finally, now we have a new testing version available (release candidate 2) of **Slax 11.2** based on [Debian Bullseye][2].
### Slax 11.2: Whats New?
![Slax 11.2][3]
Slax 11.2 is almost ready for its final release, with a second release candidate available for testing.
The latest version is based on Debian Bullseye version 11.2. The changes involve removing a few things and adding new stuff.
Let me mention the key highlights.
#### Linux Kernel 5.10 LTS
![][4]
[Linux Kernel 5.10][5] LTS introduces many essential changes and performance improvements.
Not to forget, it also enhances the hardware compatibility options.
#### Debian 11.2 Base
With [Debian 11][2] (Bullseye) as its base, you get obvious improvements/package support that you did not have with older Debian releases.
The most notable benefit includes the support for 32-bit systems, which keeps Slax in its position as one of the [best Linux distributions that support 32-bit computers][6].
In addition to that, you also get ExFAT support and improvements for the printer/scanner.
#### PCManFM Lives
![][7]
If you have been keeping an eye on its latest test releases, **Tomas M**, the creator, decided to ditch PCManFM (file manager) in favor of tuxCommander, thinking that pcmanfm was no longer available in Debian.
Fortunately, it is still there. And, PCManFM works super fast as expected!
#### Adding/Removing Applications
![][8]
With Slax 11.2, you get [connman][9] as the network manager and [scite][10] as the text editor.
Unfortunately, you will no longer find Leafpad and [wicd][11].
#### AUFS vs. Overlayfs
AUFS lets you modify the overlay files system and add modules on the fly. However, with AUFS no longer supported by Debian, Slax initially planned to use Overlayfs.
With the RC2 release, Slax decided to recompile the Linux Kernel and add AUFS from sources to provide the necessary functionalities suitable for Slax.
### Download Slax 11.2
You will find both 32-bit and 64-bit versions available for Slax 11.2.
When publishing this, we only have the RC2 ISO available, which works well as a VM in my brief test.
You can wait for the stable release or get the release candidate from its [latest blog post][12].
[Slax 11.2][13]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://news.itsfoss.com/slax-11-2/
作者:[Ankush Das][a]
选题:[lujun9972][b]
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/lightweight-linux-beginners/
[2]: https://news.itsfoss.com/debian-11-feature/
[3]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjQ4OCIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4MCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=
[4]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjUxNCIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4MCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=
[5]: https://news.itsfoss.com/kernel-5-10-release/
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/32-bit-linux-distributions/
[7]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjU2MSIgd2lkdGg9Ijc1NSIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=
[8]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjQxOCIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4MCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=
[9]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/ConnMan
[10]: https://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html
[11]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/wicd
[12]: https://www.slax.org/blog/25843-AUFS-is-a-must.html
[13]: https://www.slax.org/

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[#]: subject: "GitHub Wants Open-Source Contributors to Improve its Security Database"
[#]: via: "https://news.itsfoss.com/github-security-database-open-source/"
[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
GitHub Wants Open-Source Contributors to Improve its Security Database
======
GitHub Advisory Database is the largest database of vulnerabilities in software dependencies.
It also lets the repository managers/contributors privately discuss and fix a vulnerability before disclosing it to the database.
While it was useful at times, it did not have any inputs from the community, but only verified sources.
Now, to add more information to the database, and enhance the awareness of security advisories, GitHub made the database open to community contribution.
**In other words**, any open-source contributor can now add more information for a vulnerability, or share any other insight they have.
Ultimately, it should help improve the [state of open-source software security][1]. Let me highlight more details on it.
### Free and Open Security Data
With [GitHub opening its security database][2], the Advisory Database has been listed in a [new public repository][3] licensed under a Creative Commons license.
Overall, the available information on the existing Advisory Database and the new public repository (combined) should benefit the industry and the community.
The advisories in the repository use the Open Source Vulnerabilities (OSV) format to keep things convenient for all.
**Oliver Chang**, a software engineer for Googles Open Source Security Team said:
>  “In order for vulnerability management in open source to scale, security advisories need to be broadly accessible and easily contributed to by all,” “OSV provides that capability.”
The availability of the security database and the ability for the community to contribute their insights/knowledge should enhance the information available.
### Contributing to Security Advisory
As of now, any open-source contributor can use a pull request to add information to the public repository of security advisories.
To get started, you need to navigate through the advisories listed, and then access the details. If you think, you can add more information about the vulnerability, you can hit “**Suggest improvements for this vulnerability**“.
![][4]
Here, you will get a form where you can add the necessary details and submit your improvement suggestions.
![][5]
The pull requests/additions will be reviewed by the maintainers of the project, and the security researchers from the GitHub Security lab. So, a pull request does not mean that the information will be added to the database, it is subject to approval.
### Community Support Essential for Securing Software Supply Chains
With the huge number of open-source software dependencies and tools, it only makes sense to involve everyone interested to improve the information available for security vulnerabilities.
Every tip and trick added to the database should help developers, repository maintainers, and others to secure their tools while also being able to help their users quickly mitigate it.
The more awareness and information about known vulnerabilities, the easier it is to fix or tackle them.
_After all, the open-source way should solve a lot of problems for open-source software security. What do you think?_
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://news.itsfoss.com/github-security-database-open-source/
作者:[Ankush Das][a]
选题:[lujun9972][b]
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://news.itsfoss.com/open-source-software-security/
[2]: https://github.blog/2022-02-22-github-advisory-database-now-open-to-community-contributions/
[3]: https://github.com/github/advisory-database
[4]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjM3NCIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4MCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=
[5]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjUxNyIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4MCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=

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[#]: subject: "Fedora 36 Top New Features & Release Details"
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/02/fedora-36/"
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Fedora 36 Top New Features & Release Details
======
THIS ARTICLE SUMMARISES SIGNIFICANT NEW FEATURES AND RELEASES
INFORMATION ABOUT FEDORA 36 RELEASE (UPCOMING).
![Fedora 36 Workstation \(pre-release\)][1]
Fedora Linux is always the pioneer in advancing new technology and adopting new features before any Linux Distributions. Continuing with that trend, Fedora 36 is a promising new release in terms of features, recent changes and embracing new critical technical advances.
This release promises more Wayland adaptation in critical use cases, some under the hood updates that helps casual workstation users, developers and enterprise users, new versions of desktop environments applications and an upgraded toolchain for your projects.
Fedora 36 Beta release is due soon, and features are frozen. Heres the tentative schedule before we give you the rundown of the features.
### Fedora 36 Release Schedule
: March 15, 2022, with a fallback date of March 22, 2022.
**Go/No Go Decision** for final release: April 14, 2022.
Fed**ora 36 final release** is planned for April 19, 2022, with a fallback date of April 26, 2000.
### Fedora 36 New Features
#### Kernel and GNOME 42
* Fedora 36 is powered by Linux Kernel 5.17 at its core. This Kernel version is in the testing phase at the moment and will be released by March end and will be picked up by Fedora 36 for its final release. Linux Kernel 5.17 brings usual new hardware stack support across processors, GPU, Storage and Networking with several Kernel level optimizations. You can read details in our regular coverage of [Linux Kernel 5.17 here.][2]
* If you are a desktop user, this release is bringing the much-awaited GNOME 42 for its base workstation edition. GNOME 42 brings revamped applications and packages migrated to libadwaita version 1.0, performance improvements in Mutter and GNOME Shell. Also a new screenshot utility, [text editor][3] to name a few of the new features of GNOME 42 which you can read in our regular coverage here [[New features of GNOME 42][4]].
#### System-Wide Changes
* The default font type is [changing][5] to Noto Font from DejaVu fonts. This will provide a better experience and consistent text rendering across the desktop. So, google-noto-sans* packages will be installed by default to replace dejavu*.
* Fedora 36 will now [only install recommended dependent packages][6] on upgrade. That means during the future upgrades of the package, the dependent package will not be installed if not installed earlier.
* OpenJDK version sees a version bump in this release from java-11-openjdk to java-17-openjdk.
* The internal RPM package database in the Fedora system is located under `/var` today. It is now [moving][7] to `/usr` in this release. The primary reason is consistency with other RPM-based distributions such as openSUSE and Fedora rpm-ostree based systems (Kinoite, Silverblue, etc.)
* Another interesting change in this release is making [Wayland as default][8] session with NVIDIA proprietary driver. The Wayland is a default session for FEdora since Fedora 22 but not when NVIDIA proprietary driver is in use. This changes now. If you are installing Fedora 36 on NVIDIA based system, you get a Wayland as default with open-source nouveau and Xorg session as an option on the login page.
* Fedora 36 makes [Wayland as default][9] for distributions that uses SDDM such as Fedora KDE Spin, Kinoite flavour. Now you can get to experience Wayland based SDDM greeter with these spins.
* The single-user installations of Fedora Workstations are much higher than shared, enterprise systems. Looking at this use case, Fedora 36 makes that single-user as administrator during installation. The Anaconda installer GUI now select the option by default.
* The systemd console messages bring a little but [important change][10] on how the messages are displayed. Earlier the systemd messages were used to show only the systemd unit description (e.g. Network Manager). Now along with a description, it would show the unit name (e.g. NetworkManager.service) as well.
#### Desktop Environments
The official Fedora flavours arrive with their latest stable releases with this version. Heres a quick list of the desktop environment versions.
* [KDE Plasma 5.24][11]
* [Xfce 4.16][12]
* [LxQt 1.0.0][13]
* [GNOME 42][4]
Along with the above, the web browser Firefox, LibreOffice and other apps and libraries are updated in Fedora 36.
* PHP 8.1
* Ruby on Rails 7.0
* OpenJDK 17
* Django 4.0
* gcc 12
* glibc 2.35
* Golang 1.18
* OpenSSL 3.0
* Ruby 3.1
* Ansible 5
* Firefox 96
* LibreOffice 7.3
#### Wallpaper
* Each Fedora release brings a nice default “time of the day” wallpaper. And this version is no exception. After a lot of brainstorming and working session, the following wallpapers are chosen for this version. It features abstract nature landscapes with trees, sky, sun and water theme. You can refer to this [package][14] if you want a high-res copy of these.
![Fedora 36 Default Wallpaper Day][15]
![Fedora 36 Default Wallpaper Night][16]
For more details on the changes, visit the [official changelog page][17].
### Download
You can download the current nightly copy (not Rawhide) from the below link. It is reasonably stable right now. But do not use it for your daily use at the moment.
[Download Fedora 36 Nightly][18]
### Closing Notes
Overall, in my opinion, it is a reasonably well-constructed release considering the Wayland progress, toolchain updates and applications. Also, this release will be the first Linux distribution featuring GNOME 42 for workstations. Like all releases, we wait until the final copy is ready to download or upgrade.
Cheers.
* * *
We bring the latest tech, software news and stuff that matters. Stay in touch via [Telegram][19], [Twitter][20], [YouTube][21], and [Facebook][22] and never miss an update!
##### Also Read
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/02/fedora-36/
作者:[Arindam][a]
选题:[lujun9972][b]
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Fedora-36-Workstation-pre-release-1024x563.jpg
[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/01/linux-kernel-5-17-rc1/
[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/12/gnome-text-editor/
[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/12/gnome-42/
[5]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/DefaultToNotoFonts
[6]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/ExcludeFromWeakAutodetect
[7]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/RelocateRPMToUsr
[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/02/fedora-36/.org/wiki/Changes/WaylandByDefaultOnNVIDIA
[9]: http://ct.org/wiki/Changes/WaylandByDefaultForSDDM
[10]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/Unit_Names_in_Systemd_Messages
[11]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/01/kde-plasma-5-24/
[12]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/02/xfce-4-16-review/
[13]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/11/lxqt-1-0-release/
[14]: https://github.com/fedoradesign/backgrounds/releases/tag/v36.0.0
[15]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Fedora-36-Default-Wallpaper-Day-1024x538.jpg
[16]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Fedora-36-Default-Wallpaper-Night-1024x543.jpg
[17]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/36/ChangeSet
[18]: https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org/compose/branched/Fedora-36-20220226.n.0/compose/Everything/x86_64/iso/
[19]: https://t.me/debugpoint
[20]: https://twitter.com/DebugPoint
[21]: https://www.youtube.com/c/debugpoint?sub_confirmation=1
[22]: https://facebook.com/DebugPoint