mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2024-12-23 21:20:42 +08:00
118 lines
7.1 KiB
Markdown
118 lines
7.1 KiB
Markdown
|
如何在 Arch Linux 中查找已安装的专有软件包?
|
|||
|
======
|
|||
|
![](https://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Absolutely-Proprietary-720x340.jpg)
|
|||
|
你是狂热的自由软件支持者吗?你目前在使用任何基于 Arch 的 Linux 发行版吗?我有一个小小的提示送给你!现在,你可以轻松地在 Arch Linux 及其变体(如 Antergos, Manjaro Linux 等)中找到已安装的专有软件包。你无需在已安装软件包的网站中参考其许可细节,也无需使用任何外部工具来查明软件包是自由的还是专有的。(译注:其实下面还是借助了一个外部程序)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### 在 Arch Linux 中查找已安装的专有软件包
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
一位开发人员开发了一个名为 **"Absolutely Proprietary"** 的实用程序,它是一种用于基于 Arch 发行版的专有软件包检测器。它将基于 Arch 系统中的所有安装包与 Parabola 的 [blacklist(黑名单)][1]软件包和 [aur-blacklist][2] 进行比较,然后打印你的 **Stallman Freedom Index( Stallman 自由指数)** (free/total(自由/总计))。此外,你可以将列表保存到文件中,并与其他系统/用户共享或比较。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
在安装之前,确保你安装了 **python** 和 **git**。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
然后,git clone 仓库:
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
git clone https://github.com/vmavromatis/absolutely-proprietary.git
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
这条命令将会下载所有内容到你当前工作目录中的 'absolutely-proprietary' 目录。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
进入此目录:
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
cd absolutely-proprietary
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
接着,使用以下命令查找已安装的专有软件:
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
python main.py
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
这条命令将会下载 blacklist.txt, aur-blacklist.txt,并将本地已安装的软件包与远程软件包进行比较并显示(to 校正者:原文这里似乎没写完)不同。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
以下是在我的 Arch Linux 桌面的示例输出:
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
Retrieving local packages (including AUR)...
|
|||
|
Downloading https://git.parabola.nu/blacklist.git/plain/blacklist.txt
|
|||
|
Downloading https://git.parabola.nu/blacklist.git/plain/aur-blacklist.txt
|
|||
|
Comparing local packages to remote...
|
|||
|
=============================================
|
|||
|
47 ABSOLUTELY PROPRIETARY PACKAGES INSTALLED
|
|||
|
=============================================
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Your GNU/Linux is infected with 47 proprietary packages out of 1370 total installed.
|
|||
|
Your Stallman Freedom Index is 96.57
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| Name | Status | Libre Alternatives | Description |
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| chromium-pepper-flash | nonfree | | proprietary Google Chrome EULA, missing sources |
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| faac | nonfree | | [FIXME:description] is a GPL'ed package, but has non free code that can't be distributed und|
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| libunrar | nonfree | | part of nonfree unrar, Issue442 |
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| opera | nonfree | | nonfree, nondistributable, built from binary installers, etc |
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| shutter | nonfree | | need registered user to download (and access website) the source code and depends perl-net-d|
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| ttf-ms-fonts | nonfree | | |
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| ttf-ubuntu-font-family | nonfree | | Ubuntu font license considered non-free by DFSG and Fedora |
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| unace | nonfree | | license forbids making competing ACE archivers from unace |
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| unrar | nonfree | unar | |
|
|||
|
| | | fsf | |
|
|||
|
| | | unrar | |
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| virtualbox | nonfree | | contains BIOS which needs a nonfree compiler to build from source (OpenWatcom compiler), doe|
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| wordnet | nonfree | | |
|
|||
|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Save list to file? (Y/n)
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
[![][3]][4]
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
如你所见,我的系统中有 47 个专有软件包。就像我说的那样,我们可以将它保存到文件中稍后查看。为此,当提示你将列表保存在文件时,请按 ‘y’。然后按 ‘y’ 接受默认值或点击 ‘n’,以你喜欢的格式和位置来保存它。
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
Save list to file? (Y/n) y
|
|||
|
Save as markdown table? (Y/n) y
|
|||
|
Save it to (/tmp/tmpkuky_082.md): y
|
|||
|
The list is saved at /home/sk/absolutely-proprietary/y.md
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
You can review it from the command line
|
|||
|
using the "less -S /home/sk/absolutely-proprietary/y.md"
|
|||
|
or, if installed, the "most /home/sk/absolutely-proprietary/y.md" commands
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
你可能已经注意到,我只有 **nonfree** 包。它还会显示另外两种类型的软件包,例如 semifree, uses-nonfree。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
* **nonfree**:这个软件包是公然的非自由软件。
|
|||
|
* **semifree**:这个软件包大部分是免费的,但包含一些非自由软件。
|
|||
|
* **uses-nonfree**:这个软件包依赖,推荐或不恰当地与其他自由软件或服务集成。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
该使用程序的另一个显著特点是它不仅显示了专有软件包,而且还显示这些包的替代品。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
希望这有些帮助。我很快就会在这里提供另一份有用的指南。敬请关注!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
干杯!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
via: https://www.ostechnix.com/find-installed-proprietary-packages-arch-linux/
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
作者:[SK][a]
|
|||
|
译者:[MjSeven](https://github.com/MjSeven)
|
|||
|
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
[a]:https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
|
|||
|
[1]:https://git.parabola.nu/blacklist.git/plain/blacklist.txt
|
|||
|
[2]:https://git.parabola.nu/blacklist.git/plain/aur-blacklist.txt
|
|||
|
[3]:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
|
|||
|
[4]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Proprietary-Packages-1-1.png ()
|